WO2010097204A2 - Wasserrad - Google Patents
Wasserrad Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010097204A2 WO2010097204A2 PCT/EP2010/001130 EP2010001130W WO2010097204A2 WO 2010097204 A2 WO2010097204 A2 WO 2010097204A2 EP 2010001130 W EP2010001130 W EP 2010001130W WO 2010097204 A2 WO2010097204 A2 WO 2010097204A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- water
- wheel
- waterwheel
- depth
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B7/00—Water wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
- F03B15/02—Controlling by varying liquid flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
- F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/70—Shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/70—Shape
- F05B2250/71—Shape curved
- F05B2250/712—Shape curved concave
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a water wheel, preferably a underschl foundedes or mittschl foundedes waterwheel with horizontal hub, wherein along the Rad chiefs blade arrangements are provided for converting the motion and possibly also the energy of the water stream in a rotational movement of the water wheel, wherein the blade assemblies comprise at least two blade blades and the vane fins have different sizes.
- Water wheels have been in use for a very long time. Such water wheels were used in particular for the power supply of mills and hammer mills. Both undershot and overshot waterwheels were only set for a relatively low speed and the energy utilization of the water flow was deficient. The technological development of such water wheels has therefore largely come to an end, as by the development of turbines of various types high efficiency and high speeds could be achieved, which subsequently made the production of electric power economically reasonable.
- this object is achieved in that the outermost blade lamella has a greater blade depth than the other inner blade lamellae of the blade assembly.
- the inner blade lamellae of a blade arrangement have a blade depth increasing inwards from the wheel circumference, that the blade lamellae of a blade arrangement are offset from the wheel circumference inwards and against the flow direction of the water flow and that the blade arrangements are tapered inward.
- the blade lamellae can each be arranged with inwardly tapering distances from each other.
- each blade blade is bent, wherein the convex curvatures are directed in the direction of rotation of the water wheel.
- the extreme blade furrow provided with the largest blade depth has a blade depth of at least twice the water flow depth.
- the inner ends of the outermost blade lamellae can be arranged in the direction of the wheel hub of the waterwheel.
- the inner ends of the outermost ends of the outermost blade louvers may be inclined against the inflow direction of the water and thus bent away from the radial orientation.
- the tan At the outer ends of the vane blades the edges on the wheel circumference preferably have an angle of 45 ° + 5 °.
- the water wheel is further characterized in that the inner blade lamellae and possibly also the outermost blade lamella have a hydrofoil-like cross-sectional profile, and are arranged such that tapered flow channels for the water are formed between the adjacent blade louvers.
- a hydroelectric plant may be formed by having at least one waterwheel with at least some of these features.
- the arrangement of the water wheel with horizontal hub means that the individual vane fins between the vertically standing Radwangen lie substantially horizontally, although within the scope of the invention, the vane blades are also oblique to the Radwangen or ben may have a deviating from the straight shape.
- the respective outer blade lamellae are those which are arranged closest to the wheel circumference or directly on the wheel circumference.
- the inner vane lamellae are those that have a lesser or least radial distance from the hub.
- the respective water depth is the depth of the water flow, which allows an optimal work of the water wheel and for which the water wheel is designed.
- the high rotational speed of the water wheel resulting from the invention allows a higher immersion depth of the water wheel in the rear water. As the wheel dips deeper, the fall of the water in the inlet of the wheel increases.
- a smooth running behavior can be achieved by dividing the space between the Radwangen and in between the corresponding shortened slats are mounted offset on the circumference.
- the waterwheel may also have the feature that it is formed by joining two water wheels to a single water wheel with three Radwangen and that the blade assemblies of the two Wasserradhcann are offset in their rotational position to each other.
- the use of the water wheel according to the invention may of course also be useful if not the optimal water flow depth, but too low or a slightly too large water depth is present.
- Figure 1 is a section through a hydroelectric power plant and Figure 2 is a section along the line M-II in Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a plan view of this hydroelectric power plant.
- Figure 4 shows schematically the flow conditions on the waterwheel and
- Figure 5 shows the scheme of the arrangement of the vane blades between the Radwangen of the waterwheel.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show in detail two examples of the arrangement of the blade lamellae of a blade arrangement.
- a power plant is shown schematically.
- the water flow flows in the direction of the flow direction 1 into the water inlet channel 2, which has a sedimentation tank 3.
- An overflow channel 4 is provided to receive excess water or to steer the entire water flow by means of a weir (8, 9) on the water wheels 5.
- a weir 8, 9) on the water wheels 5.
- two water wheels are arranged next to each other. But it may also be provided only a single waterwheel or a plurality of water wheels next to each other.
- the blade assemblies 15 between the respective Radwangen 12 are indicated only schematically by straight lines.
- the water channel has in a known manner via an accelerator section 6, which prefers an increase in the bottom of the water inlet and a subsequent sloping route for the watercourse and serves to increase the flow rate and the generation of a defined water flow.
- FIG. 3 shows the schematic plan view of this power plant, the associated weirs 8, 9 being shown only schematically.
- the watercourse is shown schematically, wherein the height ratios and slopes of the flow path are not drawn to scale.
- the water flow has in the water inlet channel an inlet water depth he, which decreases along the accelerator section 6 and the water flow depth h, which represents the effective water flow, which exerts its force on the water wheel.
- Each water wheel has a water flow depth that is optimal for the work of the water wheel and to which the dimensions of the water wheel are placed.
- the outlet water depth ha does not fall below the water flow depth h.
- the outlet water depth ha can also be greater than the water flow depth h, as dashed with ha'einge plausible.
- the weir 9 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 limits the water flow depth and is preferably adjustable in height for this purpose. With complete lowering of the weir 9 of the water inlet is shut off, after which, for example, the water wheel is dry and can be maintained.
- FIG. 5 shows schematically and in section a cross-section through the water wheel according to the invention, as it interacts with the incoming water flow 7.
- the wheel is shown only over a small part of its wheel circumference 22, and of the vane arrangements 15 arranged along the entire circumference of the water wheel only those five vane arrangements are shown, which are in contact with the water in the drawing.
- Each blade assembly 15 has an outermost blade louver 13 having a larger blade depth 23 (see FIG. 6) than the other blade louvers 14, 16 and 17.
- the number of inner blade blades 14, 16, 17 can be adapted to the circumstances at least one or more inner blade blades may be provided.
- the pointing to the wheel hub 21 lines 19 are only constructive guidelines and illustrate in this embodiment, the orientation of the outermost blade blades 13 in the direction of the hub 21 of the water wheel.
- the Radwangen 12 may be formed as a solid surfaces, between which lie the blade assemblies. However, other cheek constructions may also be provided, such as strut constructions which have not been completely closed since. A further embodiment may also be to provide on the hub 22 only a central Radwange, on both sides of the blade assemblies extend outward.
- Figures 6 and 7 show an enlarged view of the arrangement of the blade blades within a blade assembly in two variants.
- FIG. 6 also indicates the flow pattern of the inflowing water with flow lines 20.
- turbulences of the inflowing water which prevents high flow of the water over the entire blade depth of the outermost blade lamella 13, are produced after flowing through the lamellar arrangement. This ensures that the entire kinetic energy of the inflowing water is converted into the rotational movement of the water wheel. Furthermore, it is ensured that the inflowing water can flow out of the blade arrangement on the shortest path and thus does not hinder the rotational movement.
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment in a representation according to FIG. 6, wherein the inner blade louvers 14, 16 and 17 are profiled like a wing.
- the inner blade louvers 14, 16 and 17 are profiled like a wing.
- the outermost blade lamella 13 may have such a wing-like profiling, as the inner blade blades 14, 16, 17 of Figure 7.
- the fins are at an angle ⁇ of about 45 ° to the tangent to the wheel circumference 22, as in Figure 6 is drawn with auxiliary lines.
- An angular range of 45 ° ⁇ 5 ° is advantageous.
- the effect of the blade arrangement according to the invention is particularly characterized in that the flow velocity of the water is converted almost without loss in the peripheral speed of the water wheel and thus in a high rotational speed.
- Such water wheels are thus energy efficient and in addition to produce even at low cost.
- the blade depth 23 of the outermost blade lamellae 13 depends on the water depth of the inflowing water.
- the depth is preferably at least twice the height of the water, and in any case must be so great that the inflowing water can not overflow over the inner edges of the outermost blade lamellae.
- the blade arrangement according to the invention also has the advantage that an efficient use of the water and a constant efficiency is ensured even if the actual water level is above or below the line of the optimum water level.
- the inflowing water first fills the outermost blade lamella, since this is the first to dip into the water.
- the inflowing water rises between the blade lamellae and in the region of the inner ends of the blade lamellae, the inflowing water is swirled and turned against the flow direction. directs.
- the further inflowing between the slats water is braked, so that the flow of energy is transferred to the water wheel.
- Another effect is achieved by trapping and compressing air present there between the high-flow water streams of the blade blades and the waters flowing from the inside to the outside. This contributes to increasing the service life of the water wheel and in an advantageous manner is increasingly introduced atmospheric oxygen in the water.
- stabilization of the blades may be necessary. This can e.g. achieved with struts, not shown here between the blade blades, the number of struts can be selected according to the requirements.
- the preferred material for the waterwheel is steel. Parts of the water wheel can also consist of aluminum alloys, wood and plastic.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI1008728A BRPI1008728A2 (pt) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | roda hidráulica |
CA2752343A CA2752343A1 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | Water wheel |
JP2011551436A JP2012518749A (ja) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | 水車 |
AU2010219135A AU2010219135A1 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | Water wheel |
US13/138,435 US20110299988A1 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | Water wheel |
EA201101091A EA201101091A1 (ru) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | Водяное колесо |
CN2010800097261A CN102369351A (zh) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | 水轮 |
RS20110370A RS20110370A1 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | WATERCOLE |
IL214598A IL214598A0 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2011-08-11 | Water wheel |
NO20111173A NO20111173A1 (no) | 2009-02-25 | 2011-08-30 | Vannhjul |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA313/2009 | 2009-02-25 | ||
AT0031309A AT507922A1 (de) | 2009-02-25 | 2009-02-25 | Wasserrad |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010097204A2 true WO2010097204A2 (de) | 2010-09-02 |
WO2010097204A3 WO2010097204A3 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
WO2010097204A4 WO2010097204A4 (de) | 2011-07-28 |
Family
ID=42665980
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2010/001130 WO2010097204A2 (de) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-02-24 | Wasserrad |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110299988A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2012518749A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20110122201A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102369351A (de) |
AT (1) | AT507922A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2010219135A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI1008728A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2752343A1 (de) |
CO (1) | CO6420367A2 (de) |
EA (1) | EA201101091A1 (de) |
IL (1) | IL214598A0 (de) |
NO (1) | NO20111173A1 (de) |
RS (1) | RS20110370A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010097204A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013040585A (ja) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-28 | Hajime Gokan | 発電装置 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2834514A4 (de) * | 2012-02-18 | 2016-02-24 | Hydro Holding Llc | Turbinensystem zur energieerzeugung aus einem flüssigkeitsfluss sowie entsprechende systeme und verfahren |
CO6700144A1 (es) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-06-28 | Univ Del Valle | Máquina hidraulica para bajas caidas |
CN105840394B (zh) * | 2015-01-13 | 2018-06-22 | 总瀛企业股份有限公司 | 陆上水流发电装置 |
CN105275828B (zh) * | 2015-11-06 | 2018-03-27 | 孙继辉 | 一种低扬程大流量液体输送装置 |
GB2551519B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2021-04-14 | Jane Carruthers Penelope | Waterwheel |
KR20230005283A (ko) | 2020-06-25 | 2023-01-09 | 가부시키가이샤 엘리스 | 소수력 발전 장치 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT503184A1 (de) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | Hermann Riegerbauer | Schaufel für ein schaufelrad |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1338890A (en) * | 1917-11-20 | 1920-05-04 | William H Wilber | Water-power apparatus |
US4005947A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1977-02-01 | Norton Joseph R | Fluid operated rotor |
CN2038957U (zh) * | 1988-08-29 | 1989-06-07 | 成都科技大学 | 新型双击式水轮机装置 |
CN2089080U (zh) * | 1990-09-15 | 1991-11-20 | 解贵福 | 带副叶片的水轮机转轮 |
JP3782752B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-24 | 2006-06-07 | 東京電力株式会社 | スプリッタランナを備えるポンプ水車 |
EP1529164B1 (de) * | 2002-07-08 | 2007-05-02 | Colin Regan | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur krafterzeugung eines strömenden gewässers |
US8403622B2 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2013-03-26 | Prime Energy Corporation | Radial-flow, horizontal-axis fluid turbine |
GB2447781B (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2012-03-21 | Hugh Malcolm Ian Bell | Improvements in or relating to waterwheels |
-
2009
- 2009-02-25 AT AT0031309A patent/AT507922A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2010
- 2010-02-24 RS RS20110370A patent/RS20110370A1/en unknown
- 2010-02-24 CA CA2752343A patent/CA2752343A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-24 BR BRPI1008728A patent/BRPI1008728A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-02-24 JP JP2011551436A patent/JP2012518749A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-02-24 US US13/138,435 patent/US20110299988A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-24 EA EA201101091A patent/EA201101091A1/ru unknown
- 2010-02-24 WO PCT/EP2010/001130 patent/WO2010097204A2/de active Application Filing
- 2010-02-24 AU AU2010219135A patent/AU2010219135A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-24 CN CN2010800097261A patent/CN102369351A/zh active Pending
- 2010-02-24 KR KR1020117022406A patent/KR20110122201A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-08-11 IL IL214598A patent/IL214598A0/en unknown
- 2011-08-17 CO CO11104417A patent/CO6420367A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-08-30 NO NO20111173A patent/NO20111173A1/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT503184A1 (de) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | Hermann Riegerbauer | Schaufel für ein schaufelrad |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013040585A (ja) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-28 | Hajime Gokan | 発電装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2012518749A (ja) | 2012-08-16 |
WO2010097204A4 (de) | 2011-07-28 |
RS20110370A1 (en) | 2012-08-31 |
CN102369351A (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
IL214598A0 (en) | 2011-09-27 |
WO2010097204A3 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
BRPI1008728A2 (pt) | 2016-03-15 |
US20110299988A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
CA2752343A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
AT507922A1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
AU2010219135A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
CO6420367A2 (es) | 2012-04-16 |
EA201101091A1 (ru) | 2012-02-28 |
KR20110122201A (ko) | 2011-11-09 |
NO20111173A1 (no) | 2011-08-30 |
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