WO2010096978A1 - 一种过电流保护电路及其构成的电机控制器 - Google Patents

一种过电流保护电路及其构成的电机控制器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010096978A1
WO2010096978A1 PCT/CN2009/073681 CN2009073681W WO2010096978A1 WO 2010096978 A1 WO2010096978 A1 WO 2010096978A1 CN 2009073681 W CN2009073681 W CN 2009073681W WO 2010096978 A1 WO2010096978 A1 WO 2010096978A1
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Prior art keywords
transistor
current
output terminal
circuit
limiting resistor
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PCT/CN2009/073681
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵勇
张俊强
刘大伟
唐松发
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中山大洋电机股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2010096978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010096978A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an overcurrent protection circuit and a motor controller constructed therewith.
  • the DC brushless motor controller has a built-in power unit, and the power unit is to pass the grid AC input through A.
  • the DC brushless motor controller may be connected to a programmer or other peripheral passive devices. These devices are powered by a DC low-voltage power supply.
  • the usual method is to use the power supply unit in the DC brushless motor controller to supply power or use the external Power supply, this will lead to the following situation:
  • the peripheral passive device operating current is too large, it will affect the power consumption of each functional unit in the DC brushless motor controller, and even the DC brushless motor controller can not be normal. jobs.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an overcurrent protection circuit that can realize wide-range current input monitoring, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, reliability and durability.
  • An overcurrent protection circuit comprising a main power transmission circuit, a trigger circuit and a detection circuit
  • the main power transmission circuit comprises a triode Q1 and a current limiting resistor R0, and the current limiting resistor R0-end is connected in series with the emitter of the triode Q1, and the other One The terminal is connected to the current output terminal Output; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the current input terminal Input, the trigger circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a shunt resistor R1, the shunt resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to the current input terminal.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the current output terminal, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2; the input end of the detection circuit extracts a detection signal from the current output terminal for driving the transistor Q2.
  • the current limiting resistor R0 described above may be an adjustable resistor.
  • the detection circuit includes a current limiting resistor R0, a current limiting resistor R0- terminal is connected to the current output terminal Output, and the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1) can be applied as a standard component to different occasions or controllers, and can realize a wide range current from several mA to several tens of A 2) It is small in size, simple in circuit structure, high in reliability and cost-saving, which greatly facilitates users; 3) It has less heat, low temperature rise, strong adaptability and prolongs the service life of the controller.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a motor controller in which a power supply unit in a motor controller is provided with a current protection circuit, which can realize wide-range current protection when power is supplied to peripheral devices, and has a simple structure and low cost. Reliable and durable.
  • a motor controller comprising a power output end, wherein the power output terminal supplies power to an external device through an overcurrent protection circuit, the overcurrent protection circuit, including a main power transmission circuit, a trigger circuit and a detection circuit, and a main power transmission
  • the circuit includes a transistor Q1 and a current limiting resistor R0.
  • the current limiting resistor R0 is connected in series with the emitter of the transistor Q1, the other end is connected to the current output terminal, and the current output terminal is connected to the external device; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected.
  • the current input terminal Input the current input terminal Input is connected to the power output terminal;
  • the trigger circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a shunt resistor R1, the shunt resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to the current input terminal Input, the emitter of the transistor Q2 Connected to the current output terminal, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2; the input end of the detection circuit extracts the detection signal from the current output terminal, and drives the transistor Q2.
  • the above current limiting resistor R0 can be an adjustable resistor.
  • the detection circuit includes a current limiting resistor R0, the current limiting resistor R0- terminal is connected to the current output terminal Output, and the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
  • the motor controller of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the power supply unit in the motor controller is provided with a current protection circuit, and when power is supplied to the peripheral device, a wide range current protection can be realized, and the structure is simple, Low cost, reliable and durable, it can realize wide range current protection from several mA to tens of A; it is small in size and greatly convenient for users;
  • the current protection circuit has less heat, low temperature rise, and strong adaptability. The reliability of the motor controller.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of a current protection circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a circuit diagram corresponding to Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the application of the motor controller of the present invention.
  • an overcurrent protection circuit includes a main power transmission circuit, a trigger circuit and a detection circuit.
  • the main power transmission circuit 1 includes a triode Q1 and a current limiting resistor R0, and a current limiting resistor R0-end and The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected in series, and the other end thereof is connected to the current output terminal Output; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the current input terminal Input, the trigger circuit 2 includes the transistor Q2 and the shunt resistor R1, and the shunt resistor R1 is connected to the transistor Q2.
  • the other end is connected to the current input terminal Input
  • the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the current output terminal Output
  • the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2;
  • the input end of the detecting circuit 3 is extracted and detected from the current output terminal Output
  • the signal is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 and drives the transistor Q2.
  • the current limiting resistor R0 can be an adjustable resistor, and the detecting circuit 3 includes a current limiting resistor R0. One end of the current limiting resistor R0 is connected to the current output terminal Output, and the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
  • the resistance value of the current limiting resistor R0 is used to determine the maximum value of the output current. Under normal conditions (the maximum current is within the allowable range), the current flows from the current input terminal through the collector and emitter of the transistor Q1. After the current limiting resistor R0 reaches the current output terminal Output, the transistor Q2 is always closed during the process; when the current rises to the maximum allowable value, a sufficient voltage drop ⁇ is generated across the current limiting resistor R0, and the current output terminal is output.
  • the emitter voltage drop of the transistor Q2 connected to the current output terminal is also reduced, and the emitter and base voltage drop of the transistor Q2 is increased to be turned on, so that the collector is electrically
  • a motor controller whose power output terminal supplies power to an external device through an overcurrent protection circuit.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit can use the overcurrent protection circuit described in Embodiment 1

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Description

说明书 一种过电流保护电路及其构成的电机控制器 技术领域：
[1] 本发明涉及一种过电流保护电路及其构成的电机控制器。
背景技术：
[2] 目前， 直流无刷电机控制器内置电源单元， 电源单元是将电网交流输入通过 A
C-DC整流稳压后输出， 为直流无刷电机控制器内的微处理器单元、 智能功率模 块 IPM和 DC-AC转换部分供电。 在实际使用中直流无刷电机控制器可能连接编程 器或者其他外围无源设备， 这些设备都是用直流低压电源供电， 通常的办法是 利用直流无刷电机控制器内的电源单元供电或者利用外部电源供电， 这样一来 就会出现如下情况： 当外围无源设备工作电流过大吋， 会影响直流无刷电机控 制器内的各功能单元的用电， 甚至使直流无刷电机控制器无法正常工作。 针对 该情况， 需要在直流无刷电机控制器的电源输出端连接电流保护电路， 限制外 围无源设备的用电， 保证电机控制器内部供电正常运作。
[3] 另一方面， 直流电源电路中大多内置有过电流保护电路， 用于检测出过电流状 态或输出短路状态， 保护电源。 但目前大多数过电流保护电路都釆用了保险丝 或者 PTC或者开关或者晶体管等元器件， 在如下的技术问题： 1) 保险丝具有不 可恢复性， 不能满足用户的使用要求； 2) PTC价格较贵， 且不适合用于微小电 流或者大电流场合中； 3) 开关价格较贵， 且不适合用于小电流限制场合中； 4 ) 有些过电流保护电路虽然釆用了晶体管元件， 但是电路比较复杂， 成本较高 ， 且实现电流保护的电流范围较小。
发明内容：
[4] 本发明的其中一个目的是提供一种过电流保护电路， 可实现宽范围电流输入监 控的， 且具有结构简单、 成本低、 可靠耐用特点。
[5] 本发明的过电流保护电路是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
[6] 一种过电流保护电路， 包括主输电电路， 触发电路和检测电路， 主输电电路包 括三极管 Q1和限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与三极管 Q1的发射极串接， 其另一 端接到电流输出端 Output; 三极管 Q1的集电极接到电流输入端 Input, 触发电路 包括三极管 Q2和分流电阻 Rl， 分流电阻 R1—端连接三极管 Q2的集电极， 另一端 接到电流输入端 Input, 三极管 Q2的发射极接到电流输出端 Output, 三极管 Q1的 基极接到三极管 Q2的集电极； 检测电路的输入端从电流输出端 Output提取检测 信号， 用于驱动三极管 Q2。
[7] 上述所述的限流电阻 R0可以为一可调电阻。
[8] 所述检测电路包括限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与电流输出端 Output连接， 另 一端与三极管 Q2的基极连接。
本发明的过电流保护电路与现有技术相比具有如下优点： 1) 可以作为一个标 准件适用于不同的场合或者控制器中， 且可实现从几 mA级到几十 A级的宽范围 电流保护； 2) 它体积小， 电路结构简单， 可靠性高， 节约成本， 极大方便了用 户； 3) 它发热少， 温升低， 适应性较强， 延长了控制器的使用寿命。
[10] 本发明的另一个目的是提供一种电机控制器， 电机控制器里面的电源单元设置 电流保护电路， 当向外围设备供电吋， 可实现宽范围电流保护， 且具有结构简 单、 成本低、 可靠耐用。
[11] 本发明的电机控制器是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
[12] 一种电机控制器， 包括电源输出端， 所述电源输出端通过过电流保护电路给外 部设备提供电源， 所述过电流保护电路， 包括主输电电路， 触发电路和检测电 路， 主输电电路包括三极管 Q1和限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与三极管 Q1的发 射极串接， 其另一端接到电流输出端 Output, 电流输出端 Output接外部设备； 三 极管 Q1的集电极接到电流输入端 Input, 电流输入端 Input接电源输出端； 触发电 路包括三极管 Q2和分流电阻 Rl， 分流电阻 R1—端连接三极管 Q2的集电极， 另一 端接到电流输入端 Input, 三极管 Q2的发射极接到电流输出端 Output, 三极管 Q1 的基极接到三极管 Q2的集电极； 检测电路的输入端从电流输出端 Output提取检 测信号， 对三极管 Q2进行驱动。
[13] 上述限流电阻 R0可以为一可调电阻。
[14] 所述检测电路包括限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与电流输出端 Output连接， 另 一端与三极管 Q2的基极连接。 [15] 本发明的电机控制器与现有技术相比具有如下优点： 电机控制器里面的电源单 元设置电流保护电路， 当向外围设备供电吋， 可实现宽范围电流保护， 且具有 结构简单、 成本低、 可靠耐用， 可实现从几 mA级到几十 A级的宽范围电流保护 ； 它体积小， 极大方便了用户； 该电流保护电路发热少， 温升低， 适应性较强 ， 提高了电机控制器的可靠性。
附图说明：
[16] 图 1是本发明的电流保护电路方框图。
[17] 图 2是图 1对应的电路图。
[18] 图 3是本发明中电机控制器的应用方框图。
具体实施方式：
[19] 下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
[20] 具体实施例 1
[21] 如图 1、 图 2所示， 一种过电流保护电路， 包括主输电电路， 触发电路和检测电 路， 主输电电路 1包括三极管 Q1和限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与三极管 Q1的 发射极串接， 其另一端接到电流输出端 Output; 三极管 Ql的集电极接到电流输 入端 Input, 触发电路 2包括三极管 Q2和分流电阻 Rl， 分流电阻 R1—端连接三极 管 Q2的集电极， 另一端接到电流输入端 Input, 三极管 Q2的发射极接到电流输出 端 Output, 三极管 Ql的基极接到三极管 Q2的集电极； 检测电路 3的输入端从电流 输出端 Output提取检测信号， 其输出端与三极管 Q2的基极连接， 对三极管 Q2进 行驱动。
[22] 其中限流电阻 R0可以为一可调电阻， 检测电路 3包括限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0 一端与电流输出端 Output连接， 另一端与三极管 Q2的基极连接。
其工作原理是： 限流电阻 R0的电阻值来确定输出电流的最大值， 正常情况下 （ 最大电流在允许值的范围内） ， 电流从电流输入端 Input经过三极管 Q1的集电极 和发射极， 再经过限流电阻 R0到达电流输出端 Output, 这个过程中三极管 Q2始 终关闭； 当电流升高到达允许的最大值， 在限流电阻 R0两端产生足够大的压降 吋， 电流输出端 Output的电压变低， 与电流输出端 Output连接的三极管 Q2的发射 极压降也随之降低， 三极管 Q2的发射极与基极压降增加从而导通， 使集电极电 位升高， 即三极管 Q1的基极电压也升高， 使三极管 Q1截止， 使三极管 Q1停止输 出电流， 从而限制所述的电流输出。
[24] 具体实施例 2
[25] 如图 3所示， 一种电机控制器， 其电源输出端通过过电流保护电路给外部设备 提供电源。 其中过电流保护电路可以釆用具体实施例 1中所述的过电流保护电路

Claims

权利要求书
[1] 一种过电流保护电路， 包括主输电电路， 触发电路和检测电路， 主输电电 路包括三极管 Q1和限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与三极管 Q1的发射极串 接， 其另一端接到电流输出端 Output; 三极管 Q1的集电极接到电流输入端 I nput, 其特征在于： 触发电路包括三极管 Q2和分流电阻 Rl， 分流电阻 R1— 端连接三极管 Q2的集电极， 另一端接到电流输入端 Input, 三极管 Q2的发射 极接到电流输出端 Output, 三极管 Q1的基极接到三极管 Q2的集电极； 检测 电路的输入端从电流输出端 Output提取检测信号， 用于驱动三极管 Q2。
[2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种过电流保护电路， 其特征在于： 所述限流电阻 R
0可以为一可调电阻。
[3] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种过电流保护电路， 其特征在于： 所述检测电 路包括限流电阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与电流输出端 Output连接， 另一端与 三极管 Q2的基极连接。
[4] 一种电机控制器， 包括电源输出端， 其特征在于： 所述电源输出端通过过 电流保护电路给外部设备提供电源； 所述过电流保护电路， 包括主输电电 路， 触发电路和检测电路， 主输电电路包括三极管 Q1和限流电阻 R0, 限流 电阻 R0—端与三极管 Q1的发射极串接， 其另一端接到电流输出端 Output, 电流输出端 Output接外部设备； 三极管 Q1的集电极接到电流输入端 Input, 电流输入端 Input接电源输出端； 触发电路包括三极管 Q2和分流电阻 Rl， 分 流电阻 R1—端连接三极管 Q2的集电极， 另一端接到电流输入端 Input, 三极 管 Q2的发射极接到电流输出端 Output, 三极管 Q1的基极接到三极管 Q2的集 电极； 检测电路的输入端从电流输出端 Output提取检测信号， 用于驱动三 极管 Q2。
[5] 根据权利要求 4所述的一种电机控制器， 其特征在于： 限流电阻 R0可以为 一可调电阻。
[6] 根据权利要求 4所述的一种电机控制器， 其特征在于： 检测电路包括限流电 阻 R0, 限流电阻 R0—端与电流输出端 Output连接， 另一端与三极管 Q2的基 极连接。
PCT/CN2009/073681 2009-02-24 2009-09-02 一种过电流保护电路及其构成的电机控制器 WO2010096978A1 (zh)

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