WO2010091638A1 - 聚乙二醇脱除气体中SOx的方法 - Google Patents

聚乙二醇脱除气体中SOx的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010091638A1
WO2010091638A1 PCT/CN2010/070622 CN2010070622W WO2010091638A1 WO 2010091638 A1 WO2010091638 A1 WO 2010091638A1 CN 2010070622 W CN2010070622 W CN 2010070622W WO 2010091638 A1 WO2010091638 A1 WO 2010091638A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polyethylene glycol
gas
glycol solution
sox
desulfurization
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PCT/CN2010/070622
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏雄辉
韩芳
张建斌
张鹏燕
高道龙
王晋菲
邹川
户春
Original Assignee
北京博源恒升高科技有限公司
江西永丰县博源实业有限公司
北京大学
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Application filed by 北京博源恒升高科技有限公司, 江西永丰县博源实业有限公司, 北京大学 filed Critical 北京博源恒升高科技有限公司
Priority to PL10740927T priority Critical patent/PL2409752T3/pl
Priority to EA201171061A priority patent/EA021209B1/ru
Priority to EP10740927.8A priority patent/EP2409752B1/en
Priority to JP2011549426A priority patent/JP5694957B2/ja
Priority to BRPI1007816-9A priority patent/BRPI1007816B1/pt
Priority to MX2011008612A priority patent/MX337698B/es
Priority to US13/201,521 priority patent/US9017454B2/en
Priority to AU2010213234A priority patent/AU2010213234B2/en
Priority to CA2752599A priority patent/CA2752599C/en
Priority to ES10740927T priority patent/ES2760502T3/es
Publication of WO2010091638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010091638A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/507Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with other liquids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1425Regeneration of liquid absorbents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1481Removing sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/48Sulfur dioxide; Sulfurous acid
    • C01B17/50Preparation of sulfur dioxide
    • C01B17/60Isolation of sulfur dioxide from gases
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/69Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
    • C01B17/90Separation; Purification
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/20Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/202Alcohols or their derivatives
    • B01D2252/2023Glycols, diols or their derivatives
    • B01D2252/2026Polyethylene glycol, ethers or esters thereof, e.g. Selexol
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/40Absorbents explicitly excluding the presence of water
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302Sulfur oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the existing flue gas, sulfur-containing industrial raw material gas and other exhaust gas desulfurization technologies mainly include wet de-sparing and dry de-sparing.
  • the specific wet de-salting method includes water washing method, limestone and lime water method. Alkali metal solution method, alkali solution method, ammonia method and alcohol amine method; specific dry method is deoxidized iron, oxidation, manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide and activated carbon.
  • the water washing method, limestone and lime water method are mainly used; in developed countries, limestone and lime water methods, alkali metal solution method, alkali solution method, ammonia method and alcohol amine method are used.
  • the water washing method consumes a large amount of water, and the water cannot be recycled.
  • the discharge of sulfur-containing sewage causes serious secondary pollution, and the desulfurization effect is poor;
  • the limestone and lime water methods are better than the water washing method, but produce more calcium sulfate, Solid waste such as calcium sulfite and calcium carbonate, limestone and calcium oxide are consumed in large quantities.
  • the equipment is huge, the investment is large, and there is solid sediment in the absorption process, which is easy to cause equipment blockage.
  • the solubility of limestone and calcium hydroxide in water is very small, calcium hydroxide mainly preferentially reacts with carbon dioxide during absorption. Again, it reacts with sulfur oxides. Therefore, the desulfurization effect of the lime water method is not ideal.
  • the sewage discharge is more and the secondary pollution is more serious.
  • the alkali metal solution method, the alkali solution method, the ammonia method and the alcohol amine method, etc. It is mainly used for flue gas with high sulfur dioxide content (such as steelmaking, copper smelting and other smelting tail gas, with a dioxide content of more than 8%) for desulfurization and recovery of sulfur dioxide. These methods require high technical requirements and energy consumption. Very large, high material requirements, not suitable for general flue gas desulfurization. At the same time, all flue gases, sulfur-containing industrial feedstock gases and other exhaust gas desulfurization methods currently used are quite corrosive to equipment.
  • the low-temperature sterol method U-branch [4] is a method for physically adsorbing hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxysulfide, carbon disulfide and carbon dioxide. It is now common for large chemical companies to use desulfurization and desulfurization of feedstock gas, but because of the low boiling point of sterols, Volatile, saturated vapor pressure, so it usually needs to operate under high pressure and low temperature (below -10 °C), high energy consumption, serious sterol loss, complicated process, cumbersome operation, high comprehensive operation cost; [5] is to use a mixed solution of 60% sterol and 40% diethanolamine to absorb hydrogen, carbon sulphide, sillicinated carbon and carbon dioxide in the gas, and then release hydrogen and sulfur by heating and decompression.
  • the solution regeneration method can only be heated and decompressed to release hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxycarbide, carbon disulfide and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and then converted by the Claus method (Claus) to release the sulfur-containing gas into Sulphur is horizontal, its energy consumption is high, the loss of sterol and diethanolamine is serious, the process is complicated, the operation is cumbersome, and the comprehensive operation cost is high.
  • the above methods are mainly used for removing organic sulfur such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxysulfide and carbon disulfide in the gas, and are not used for removing S0 2 and/or S0 3 in
  • the buffer solution [7] containing acetic acid and ammonia containing Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ has been applied to the de-sparing of hemihydrate gas, which has high de-sparing efficiency and low corrosivity, but the solution will produce ion effect.
  • salt effect solution instability; iron-alkali solution catalytic gas decarburization, desulfurization and de-cyanation method, aqueous solution of iron-containing alkaline material, wet desulfurization method has the ability to remove a variety of sulfur, and low sulfur content
  • the gas desulfurization effect is better than the conventional gas wet desulfurization method.
  • the main component of the polyethylene glycol solution of the present invention is polyethylene glycol, and the degree of polymerization of polyethylene glycol is greater than or equal to 2, and may be a mixed liquid of polyethylene glycol of various polymerization degrees.
  • the molecular formula of polyethylene glycol is as follows:
  • HO-C 2 H 4 -0- C 2 H4-OH has a degree of polymerization of 2;
  • HO-C 2 H 4 -0- C 2 - 0- C 2 -OH has a degree of polymerization of 3;
  • HO-C 2 H 4 -0- C2H4- O- C2H4- O- C2H4- O- C2H4-OH has a degree of polymerization of 5; and so on.
  • the water in the polyethylene glycol solution needs to be removed, and the method for removing the water includes a heating rectification method and a water absorption agent absorption method. Can be mixed by these methods, remove polyethylene glycol after water The solution is recycled.
  • the 9% of the total SOx content of the sulfur-containing gas is preferably less than 99. 9%, in order to achieve a better desulfurization effect, the total SOx content of the sulfur-containing gas should be less than 99.9%. (Volume ratio).
  • the process conditions are not strictly limited, but it is preferred to use atmospheric pressure absorption or pressure absorption, and the absorption temperature is preferably -20 to 200 ° C.
  • the polyethyl ether which absorbs SOx The diol solution is regenerated by one or more of a heating method, a vacuum method, an ultra wave method, a microwave method, and a radiation method, and the regeneration temperature is preferably 0 to 300 °C.
  • the polyethylene glycol solution is a liquid fluid mainly containing polyethylene glycol, wherein the mass percentage of the polyethylene glycol is: polyethylene glycol > 80. 00%; the mass percentage of water is: water ⁇ 20. 00%.
  • the polyethylene glycol desulfurization method of the present invention when the polyethylene glycol solution in which SOx is absorbed is regenerated by one or more of a heating method, a vacuum method, a super wave, a microwave method, and a radiation method, by-product 2 Oxidation and/or trioxide.
  • polyethylene glycol having a degree of polymerization of 2 is taken as an example for better explanation.
  • the polyethylene glycol solution of the present invention is not limited to a polyethylene glycol solution having a polymerization degree of 2, and it is not to be understood as being Limitations of the claims of the invention.
  • a polyethylene glycol solution that absorbs sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide is converted into a rich liquid, which flows out from the bottom of the desulfurization tower and enters the regenerator for heating, vacuum, and super-wave.
  • One or more of the methods of regeneration, microwave and radiation regenerate to release high purity sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide, which will undergo the following regeneration reactions in the regenerator.
  • the regenerated polyethylene glycol solution (hereinafter referred to as "desulfurization liquid”) is recycled.
  • the first process is the desulfurization absorption process
  • the second process is the desulfurization liquid regeneration process
  • the regeneration method used in the desulfurization liquid regeneration process is heating method, vacuum method, super wave method , microwave method and radiation method.
  • the desulfurization absorption process may be a normal pressure absorption process or a pressure absorption process, and the desulfurization absorption process is as shown in FIG.
  • the desulfurization absorption process takes place in the desulfurization tower. Normally, the SOx-containing gas enters the desulfurization tower from the bottom of the desulfurization tower, and the desulfurized liquid is regenerated. Often referred to as "lean liquid") from the top of the desulfurization tower into the desulfurization tower, in which the SOx gas in the desulfurization tower is in countercurrent contact with the desilsil solution, the SOx substance in the gas is absorbed by the decharge liquid, and then the SOx gas is removed. At the top of the desulfurization tower, the desulfurization liquid that absorbs the SOx in the gas is converted into a "rich liquid".
  • both the gas and the lyophobic solution can be introduced from the top of the detachment tower, and the absorption process is carried out in the detachment tower to complete the absorption process.
  • the second process the regeneration process of the desulfurization liquid, the regeneration methods used are heating method, vacuum method, super wave method, chopping method and radiation method.
  • the schematic diagram of the heating regeneration process is shown in Figure 1.
  • the regeneration method is the desulfurization of SOx absorption.
  • the "rich liquid” enters the heating regenerator and is regenerated by heating to release S0 2 and/or S0 3 ; the deliquoring after regeneration by heating is usually called “semi-lean liquid” or “lean liquid”; Lean liquid” or
  • the "lean liquid” can be sent directly to the desulfurization absorption process for reuse, or it can be sent to other regeneration modes for further regeneration, and then sent to the desulfurization absorption process for reuse.
  • the schematic diagram of the vacuum regeneration process is shown in Figure 3.
  • the regeneration method is the desulfurization of SOx absorption.
  • the “rich liquid” enters the vacuum regenerator and is vacuum-regenerated. At this time, S0 2 and/or S0 3 are released; the liquid after regeneration by vacuum is usually called “semi-lean liquid” or “lean liquid”;
  • the “semi-lean” or “lean” can be sent directly to the desulfurization absorption process for reuse, or it can be sent to other regeneration modes for further regeneration, and then sent to the desulfurization absorption process for reuse.
  • the schematic diagram of the ultra-wave method and/or the microwave method or the radiation regeneration process is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the regeneration mode is the desulfurization "rich liquid” that absorbs SOx into the superwave and/or microwave or radiation regenerator, and is super-waved. / or irradiation of microwave or radiation waves, S0 2 and / or S0 3 is released; deliquoring after regeneration by super-wave and / or microwave or radiation is usually called “semi-lean liquid” or "lean liquid”;"semi-poor
  • the liquid “or “lean liquid” can be sent directly to the desulfurization absorption process for reuse, or it can be sent to other regeneration modes for further regeneration, and then sent to the desulfurization absorption process for repeated use.
  • the regeneration methods such as wave method, microwave method and radiation method can also be combined in one regenerator by two or more methods.
  • the method of removing the water by the heating rectification method or the water absorption agent may be used, or the method may be used in combination, and the polyethylene glycol solution after removing the water is recycled.
  • the traditional wet desulfurization technology such as calcium desulfurization technology, ammonia desulfurization technology, etc.
  • the conventional wet desulfurization technology is only applied to the lower sulfur content gas desulfurization, which the present invention refers to.
  • the polyethylene glycol decalcification method can be used for both low stone content gas desulfurization and high sulfur content gas desulfurization; 2 traditional wet desulfurization technology throughout In the process of sulfur and regeneration, insoluble calcium or ammonium salt precipitates, causing blockage of equipment and pipelines.
  • the polyethylene glycol desulfurization method referred to in the present invention does not substantially produce insoluble calcium or ammonium salt precipitation; 3 conventional wet method When the desulfurization technology is used for flue gas desulfurization, its by-products are calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite, or ammonium sulfate and ammonium sulfite.
  • the by-product of the polyethylene glycol desulfurization method referred to in the present invention is high-purity liquid sulfur dioxide and/or Or sulfur trioxide, these by-products are important chemical raw materials, have a wide market and important application value; PEG desulfurization method has high purification degree, and can stably reduce the total sulfur content in the gas to 5mg/m 3 Below, the operating cost is low, the process is short, the investment is small, and the operation is simple.
  • the polyethylene glycol desulfurization method of the invention has wide industrial use, and can be used for flue gas, incineration gas, coke oven gas, dye plant synthesis waste gas, chemical fiber plant sewage gas, Cros s 9% ⁇
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the desulfurization absorption process.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the heating and regeneration mode of the desulfurization liquid.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the vacuum regeneration method of the liquid.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the super-wave and/or microwave and/or radiation regeneration of the desulfurization solution.
  • Figure 5 is a gas-liquid equilibrium diagram of gas mixture absorption with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen at different temperatures of 298. 15K and 122.61KPa for different compositions of polyethylene glycol and aqueous solution.
  • the polyethylene glycol desulfurization process of the present invention is described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • the embodiments described are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
  • the first process is the desulfurization absorption process.
  • the implementation scheme is shown in Figure 1, where (1) desulfurization tower, (2) contains SOx gas, (3) purge gas, (4) desulfurization lean liquid, (5) desulfurization Rich liquid.
  • the SOx-containing gas (2) enters from the bottom of the desulfurization tower (1) and is in countercurrent contact with the desulfurized lean liquid (4); the SOx in the SOx-containing gas (2) is absorbed by the lean liquid (4), containing SOx gas ( 2) Conversion to a purge gas (3) from the top of the desulfurization tower (1); desulfurization lean liquid (4) absorbing SOx at the bottom of the desulfurization tower (1) to convert to a desulfurization rich liquid (5); desulfurization rich liquid (5) It flows out from the bottom of the desulfurization tower (1), is sent to the desulfurization liquid regeneration process, and is regenerated by one or more methods of heating, vacuum, ultra-wave, microwave, and radiation.
  • the second process is the desulfurization liquid regeneration process.
  • the regeneration methods used in the desulfurization liquid regeneration process include heating method, vacuum method, ultra-wave method, microwave method and radiation method.
  • the embodiment of the heating regeneration mode is shown in Fig. 2, in which, (4) the depleted liquid, (5) the desulfurization solution, (7) the dioxide dioxide and/or the trioxide, (8) the stone foam And / or dust, (9) force hot regenerator.
  • the desulfurized rich liquid (5) is sent to the heating regenerator (9), heated to release gaseous sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide (7), gaseous sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide (7). After some processing, it is converted into high-purity liquid dioxide and/or trioxide
  • the product at the same time, will also be produced or enriched by sulfur foam and/or dust (8), which can be separated from the main body of the desulfurization liquid, and the separated foam and/or dust (8) can be further processed into a stone cross-product.
  • the desulfurization rich liquid (5) is regenerated by the heating regenerator (9) and converted into desulfurized lean liquid (4); the desulfurized poor liquid (4) can be directly sent to the desulfurization absorption process for recycling. Further regeneration can also be carried out by vacuum regeneration and/or superwave and/or microwave and/or radiation regeneration.
  • the embodiment of the vacuum regeneration mode is shown in Fig. 3, in which, (4) the depleted liquid, (5) the desulfurization solution, (7) the oxidized stone and/or the trioxide, (8) the stone foam And/or dust, (10) vacuum regenerator, (11) vacuum pump.
  • the desulfurization rich liquid (5) is sent to a vacuum regenerator (10), which generates a vacuum under the action of the vacuum pump (11) to release gaseous sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide (7).
  • Oxidation ⁇ and / or trioxide charge (7) can be converted into high-purity liquid sulfur dioxide and / or sulfur trioxide by-products through some processing methods, as well as sulfur or / or dust ( 8 ) production or enrichment , Separation from the main body of Deshilk liquid, Separation of Shike Mo and/or dust (8) can be further processed into sulfur cross-products, and some ash residue will be discharged;
  • FIG. 4 An embodiment of the superwave and/or microwave and/or radiation regeneration mode is shown in Figure 4, wherein (4) desulfurized lean liquid, (5) desulfurized rich liquid, (6) superwave and/or microwave and/or radiation Regenerator, (7) Dioxide and/or trioxide, (8) sulphur and/or dust.
  • the desulfurized rich liquid (5) is sent to a superwave and/or microwave and/or radiation regenerator (6)
  • gaseous sulphur dioxide and/or trioxide (7) are released, and gaseous oxidization and/or trioxide charging (7) may be processed. It is converted into high-purity liquid sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide by-products.
  • sulfur foam and/or dust (8) is produced or enriched to separate from the main body of the desulfurization solution.
  • / or dust (8) can be further processed into ⁇ ⁇ yellow by-products, and some ash slag will be discharged; after the desulfurization rich liquid (5) is regenerated by superwave and / or microwave and / or radiation regenerator (6), It is converted into a desulfurized lean liquid (4); the desulfurized lean liquid (4) can be directly sent to the desulfurization absorption process for recycling, or can be sent to the heating regeneration and/or vacuum regeneration mode for further regeneration.
  • the removal method includes a heating rectification method and a water absorption agent absorption method. These methods are used in combination, and the polyethylene glycol solution after water removal is recycled.
  • Commonly used water absorbing agents are Ca0, anhydrous CaS0 4 , silica gel and water absorbing resin.

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Description

聚乙二醇脱除气体中 SOx的方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及脱除烟道气、 含 SOx的废气和 /或工业原料气中的 SOx的 净化方法, 即脱除烟道气、 含 SOx的废气和 /或工业原料气中的 SOx ( x=2 和 /或 3 ) 的方法。
背景技术:
由于工业的迅猛发展, 烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气和其它废气的消 耗和排放量日益增多。 含硫的废气的排放造成了严重的环境污染, 例如, 酸雨的形成, 建筑物的酸化腐蚀, 呼吸道疾病及皮肤病等, 直接危害人 类健康。 历年来, 世界各国的科技工作者对烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气 和其它废气脱硫技术进行了较多的研究, 也积累了较多的研究资料。 随 着环境意识的增强, 烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气和其它废气脱硫的问题 越来越被人们所重视。 但是, 至今烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气和其它废 气脱硫技术仍未取得突破性的进展。 烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气和其它 废气脱硫问题一直是一个富有挑战性的问题。
现有的烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气和其它废气的脱硫技术主要有湿 法脱疏和干法脱疏两大类, 具体的湿法脱疏有水洗法、 石灰石和石灰水 法、 碱金属溶液法、 碱溶液法、 氨法和醇胺法等; 具体的干法脱 有氧 化铁、 氧化辞、 氧化锰、 氧化钴、 氧化铬、 氧化钼和活性炭法等。 在我 国, 主要使用水洗法、 石灰石和石灰水法; 在发达国家, 石灰石和石灰 水法、 碱金属溶液法、 碱溶液法、 氨法和醇胺法等使用较多。 但是水洗 法的耗水量大, 且水不能循环使用, 含硫污水的排放造成了严重的二次 污染, 且脱硫效果差; 石灰石和石灰水法比水洗法要好, 但是产生较多 的硫酸钙、 亚硫酸钙和碳酸钙等固体废物, 石灰石和氧化钙耗量很大, 设备庞大, 投资大, 并且在吸收过程中就有固体沉淀物产生, 易引起设 备堵塞, 再者由于石灰石和氢氧化钙在水中的溶解度很小, 吸收时, 氢 氧化钙主要是优先与二氧化碳反应, 再次是与硫氧化物反应, 故此, 石 灰水法的脱硫效果也不是很理想, 污水排放量较多, 二次污染较严重; 碱金属溶液法、 碱溶液法、 氨法和醇胺法等主要是用于二氧化硫含量较 高的烟道气(如炼钢、 炼铜等冶炼尾气, 二氧化 含量可达 8%以上)脱 硫, 且回收二氧化硫, 这些方法所需的技术要求很高, 能耗很大, 设备 材质要求高, 不适合一般烟道气的脱硫。 同时, 目前所用的所有烟道气、 含硫的工业原料气和其它废气脱硫方法对设备的腐蚀相当严重。
迄今为止, 各类气体排入大气之前, 很少经过脱硫处理, 即使经过 处理,其含量还是比较高。现有的 HiPure法、 Benf ie ld法、 G_V法、 A. D. A 法、 水洗法、 石灰石和石灰水法、 碱金属溶液法、 碱溶液法、 氨法、 醇 胺法, 栲胶法、 及环丁砜法等脱硫法, 干法脱硫的氧化铁、 氧化辞、 氧 化锰、 氧化钴、 氧化铬、 氧化钼和活性炭法等, 主要是作为初级脱硫法, 脱除工业原料气体中的硫化氢, 而没有普遍用于脱除一般气体中的硫化 氢, 主要是因为这些脱硫方法脱硫效率不高, 运行成本高, 设备投资大, 腐蚀严重, 效果不理想, 有机^ 的脱除率差^ 3]。 低温曱醇法脱 U支术 [4] 是一种物理吸附硫化氢、 硫氧化碳、 二硫化碳和二氧化碳的方法, 现在 大型化工企业用于原料气脱碳脱硫比较常见, 但是由于曱醇沸点低, 易 挥发, 饱和蒸气压大, 所以通常需要在高压和低温下(-10°C以下)操作, 能耗高, 曱醇损失严重, 工艺流程复杂, 操作繁瑣, 综合运行费用高; 常温曱醇法 [5]是用 60%的曱醇和 40%的二乙醇胺的混合溶液吸收气体中的 疏化氢、 疏氧化碳、 二石克化碳和二氧化碳, 然后加热和减压释放出疏化 氢、 硫氧化碳、 二硫化碳和二氧化碳, 由于曱醇沸点低, 易挥发, 饱和 蒸气压大, 所以释放气中含有大量的曱醇, 造成溶液组成不稳定, 曱醇 损失严重, 同时, 由于二乙醇胺见光和遇空气后, 易氧化分解, 溶液化 学稳定性差, 因此, 溶液再生方法只能是加热和减压再生释放出硫化氢、 硫氧化碳、 二硫化碳和二氧化碳混合气体后, 再用克劳斯法(Claus )将 释放的含硫气体转化成硫横, 其能耗高, 曱醇和二乙醇胺损失严重, 工 艺流程复杂, 操作繁瑣, 综合运行费用高。 以上这些方法, 主要用于脱 除气体中的硫化氢、 硫氧化碳和二硫化碳等有机硫, 没有用于脱除气体 中的 S02和 /或 S03
有人用含丙三醇(甘油)的乌洛托品的水溶液吸收烟道气中的 SO , 但是, 实际实验中发现乌洛托品和烟道气接触后易被其中的氧气氧化分 解, 造成溶液化学性质不稳定, 且乌洛托品价格高, 是一种不容易获得 的化工和医药产品, 所以, 运行费用很高, 脱硫性能不稳定, 使得该技 术至今还未能推广。
用含有 Fe2+和 Fe3+的醋酸和氨的緩冲溶液 [7 ]已应用于半水煤气的脱 疏, 具有较高的脱疏效率和较低的腐蚀性, 但该溶液会产生离子效应和 盐效应, 溶液不稳定; 铁一碱溶液催化法气体脱碳脱硫脱氰方法的含铁 离子的碱性物质的水溶液的湿法脱硫方法具有脱除多种硫的能力, 且对 低硫含量的气体脱硫效果比传统的气体湿法脱硫方法效果好。 但是, 铁 离子在碱性溶液中的稳定性差, 会产生大量的氢氧化铁或氢氧化亚铁沉 淀, 同时, 当该铁一碱溶液和含硫化物的气体接触时, 还会产生大量的 硫化铁或硫化亚铁沉淀, 造成溶液中铁离子含量迅速减少, 脱硫效果迅 速降低, 并引起脱硫塔堵塞等现象, 不适宜于高硫含量的气体脱硫[1°]。 为了改善这一状况, 我们尝试用含有微生物的 "铁一碱性溶液" 在常压 或加压下脱硫, 取得了良好的效果 [11]。 同时, 也有人用乙二醇或乙二醇 酯或一缩二乙二醇一曱醚溶液吸收硫化氢, 再向吸收了硫化氢的有机溶 液中充入二氧化硫气体, 使硫化氢和二氧化硫反应, 生成硫横, 使有机 溶液获得再生, 并循环使用 [1214], 用二氧化硫再生含硫化氢的乙二醇溶 液的方法需然简单, 但是二氧化硫的来源缺乏, 不易获得, 运输过程需 要特殊工具和特殊安全措施, 运行成本高, 安全措施严格。 有研究者用 乙二醇溶液, 或乙二醇与链烷醇胺的混合溶液, 或乙二醇和链烷醇胺与 碳酸钠的混合溶液, 或乙二醇二曱醚或二乙醇二曱醚溶液, 或二乙胺和 一缩二乙二醇和二缩三乙二醇和二缩三乙二醇曱醚的混合水溶液, 或胺 和乙醛的混合溶液, 或一缩二乙二醇一曱醚和亚硝基三乙酸合铁的混合 水溶液, 吸收天然气或其它气体中的硫化氢、 有机硫和水 [15 3]。 但是, 目前以上所述的这些技术只是大规模地用于工业原料气脱硫领域, 脱除 气体中的硫化氢、 硫氧化碳和二硫化碳, 还没有用于烟道气及其它废气 脱石克领域脱除 SOx (包括: 二氧化石充和 /或三氧化石克)。 参考文献:
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发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种以聚乙二醇为溶液(以下简称为 "聚乙二 醇溶液" )吸收气体中的 SOx ( x=2和 /或 3 )方法(以下简称为 "聚乙二 醇脱^ 法")。 本发明的聚乙二醇溶液的主要成分是聚乙二醇, 聚乙二醇的聚合度 大于或等于 2,也可以是多种不同聚合度的聚乙二醇的混合液体。 聚乙二 醇的分子式如下:
HO-C2H4-0- C2H4-OH 聚合度为 2;
HO-C2H4-0- C2 - 0- C2 -OH 聚合度为 3;
HO-C2H4-0- C2 - O- C2 - O- C2H4-OH 聚合度为 4;
HO-C2H4-0- C2H4- O- C2H4- O- C2H4- O- C2H4-OH 聚合度为 5; 依此类推。
在本发明的聚乙二醇脱硫法中, 首先, 用聚乙二醇溶液来吸收气体 中的 SOx ( x=2和 /或 3 ), 其次, 吸收了 SOx的聚乙二醇溶液用加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法中的一种或多种方法再生, 再生后的 聚乙二醇溶液循环使用。 当再生后的聚乙二醇溶液中水含量较多,并影响 了脱硫效果时,需要将聚乙二醇溶液中的水去除,去除水的方法有加热精 馏法、 吸水剂吸收法, 也可以这些方法混合使用, 去除水后的聚乙二醇 溶液循环使用。
本发明的聚乙二醇脱硫法, 对脱硫前含硫气体中的总 SOx含量没有 特殊要求, 但是, 为了达到更好的脱硫效果, 优选含硫气体中总 SOx 的 含量应小于 99. 9% (体积比)。
在本发明的聚乙二醇脱硫法中, 对工艺条件没有严格限制, 但优选 釆用常压吸收或加压吸收, 吸收温度优选为 -20 ~ 200 °C , 其次, 吸收了 SOx的聚乙二醇溶液用加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法中的一 种或多种方法再生, 再生温度优选为 0 ~ 300°C。
所述聚乙二醇溶液是主要含聚乙二醇的液态流体, 其中聚乙二醇的 质量百分含量为:聚乙二醇> 80. 00%;水的质量百分含量为:水< 20. 00%。
在本发明的聚乙二醇脱硫法中, 当吸收了 SOx 的聚乙二醇溶液用加 热法、 真空法、 超波、 微波和辐射法中的一种或多种方法再生时, 副产 二氧化疏和 /或三氧化疏。
本发明的基本原理如下:
烟道气或其它含 SOx 气体和聚乙二醇溶液接触时, 发生如下吸收反 应:
下面用聚合度为 2 的聚乙二醇为例更好地进行原理阐述, 但并不是 限定本发明的聚乙二醇溶液就是聚合度为 2 的聚乙二醇溶液, 更不能理 解为是对本发明的权利要求的限制。
S02 + o CH2_CH2~OH _ o/CH2— CH2— OH—。、s
CH2-CH2-OH " ~ \CH2_CH2— OH— - 0/ Qn , /CH2-CH2- OH /CH2-CH2- OH— oN
CH2-CH2-OH CH2_CH2— OH— 0/ 吸收了二氧化硫、 三氧化硫的聚乙二醇溶液转变成富液, 从脱硫塔 底部流出, 进入再生器中进行加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射 法中的一种或多种方法再生, 释放出高纯度二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫, 富 液在再生器中会发生如下一些再生反应。
/CH2-CH2- OH— 0 /CH2-CH2- OH
0. S ^ + S02
CH2-CH2-OH— 0 xCH2-CH2-OH
Figure imgf000009_0001
经试验研究发现当聚乙二醇溶液中含有水时, 聚乙二醇溶液吸硫能 力显著下降, 因此, 尽量将聚乙二醇溶液中的水去除, 使其水含量越低 越好, 实际上在脱硫过程中, 完全将聚乙二醇溶液中的水去除是不可能 的, 但是为了合理降低去水成本, 又保证聚乙二醇溶液能有效吸收硫份, 将聚乙二醇溶液中水的质量百分含量降至 20%以下即可。
再生后的聚乙二醇溶液(以下简称为 "脱硫液")循环使用。
为了实现上述基本原理, 我们设计了两个过程: 第一个过程是脱硫吸 收过程; 第二个过程是脱硫液再生过程, 脱硫液再生过程所用的再生方 法有加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法。
第一个过程: 脱硫吸收过程可以是常压吸收过程, 也可以是加压吸收 过程, 其脱硫吸收流程如图 1 所示。 脱硫吸收过程发生在脱硫塔中, 通 常情况下, 含 SOx 气体从脱硫塔底部进入脱硫塔, 再生好的脱硫液(通 常称为 "贫液")从脱硫塔顶部进入脱硫塔, 在脱硫塔中含 SOx气体与脱 石克液逆流接触, 气体中的 SOx物质被脱充液吸收, 然后, 脱除了 SOx的 气体从脱硫塔顶部出来, 吸收了气体中的 SOx的脱硫液转变成 "富液",
"富液" 从脱硫塔底部出来后, 进入再生过程。 在吸收过程中, 也可以 釆用气体和脱疏液都从脱疏塔顶部进入, 在脱疏塔中发生并流吸收的方 式来完成吸收过程。
第二个过程: 脱硫液再生过程, 所用的再生方法有加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 ϋ波法和辐射法。
加热再生流程示意图如图 1所示, 其再生方式是吸收了 SOx的脱硫
"富液" 进入加热再生器中, 被加热下再生, 释放出 S02和 /或 S03; 经加 热再生后的脱 液通常称为脱 "半贫液" 或 "贫液"; 该 "半贫液" 或
"贫液" 可以直接送至脱硫吸收过程重复使用, 也可以继续送至其它再 生方式进行进一步的再生, 然后再送至脱硫吸收过程重复使用。
真空再生流程示意图如图 3所示, 其再生方式是吸收了 SOx的脱硫
"富液" 进入真空再生器中, 抽真空再生, 此时, 释放出 S02和 /或 S03; 经真空再生后的脱^ 液通常称为脱 "半贫液"或 "贫液"; 该 "半贫液" 或 "贫液" 可以直接送至脱硫吸收过程重复使用, 也可以继续送至其它 再生方式进行进一步的再生, 然后再送至脱硫吸收过程重复使用。
超波法和 /或微波法或辐射法再生流程示意图如图 4 所示, 其再生方 式是吸收了 SOx的脱硫 "富液" 进入超波和 /或微波或辐射再生器中, 被 超波和 /或微波或辐射波的照射下, 释放出 S02和 /或 S03; 经超波和 /或微 波或辐射再生后的脱 液通常称为脱 "半贫液" 或 "贫液"; 该 "半贫 液" 或 "贫液" 可以直接送至脱硫吸收过程重复使用, 也可以继续送至 其它再生方式进行进一步的再生, 然后再送至脱硫吸收过程重复使用。 以上所说的加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法等这些再生方 式也可以是两种或两种以上的方法复合在一个再生器中。 当再生后的聚乙二醇溶液中水含量较多,并影响了脱硫效果时,需要 将聚乙二醇溶液中的水去除,去除的方法有加热精馏法、 吸水剂吸收法, 也可以这些方法混合使用, 去除水后的聚乙二醇溶液循环使用。 本发明与传统的湿法脱硫技术(如钙法脱硫技术、 氨法脱硫技术等) 相比, 具有如下优点: ①传统的湿法脱硫技术只实用于较低硫含量气体 脱石克, 本发明所指的聚乙二醇脱石克法既可以用于低石克含量气体脱石克也可 以用于高硫含量气体脱硫; ②传统的湿法脱硫技术在整个脱硫和再生过 程中会产生不溶性钙盐或铵盐沉淀, 引起设备和管道堵塞, 本发明所指 的聚乙二醇脱硫法基本上不会产生不溶性钙盐或铵盐沉淀; ③传统的湿 法脱硫技术用于烟道气脱硫时, 其副产物是硫酸钙和亚硫酸钙, 或硫酸 铵和亚硫酸铵, 本发明所指的聚乙二醇脱硫法的副产物是高纯度液态二 氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫, 这些副产物是重要的化工原材料, 具有广泛的市 场和重要的应用价值; 聚乙二醇脱硫法净化度高, 可以将气体中的总硫 含量稳定地降至 5mg/m3以下, 同时运行费用低, 流程短, 投资小, 操作 简单。
本发明所述的聚乙二醇脱硫法具有广泛的工业用途, 可将其用于烟 道气、焚烧气、焦炉气、染料厂合成废气、化纤厂排污气、克劳斯(Cros s) 尾气、 以及含 SOx 的其它工业原料气或废气的脱硫, 上述含硫气体中的 总含克量均小于 99. 9 % (体积比)。 附图说明:
图 1是脱硫吸收过程的示意图。
图 2是脱硫液加热再生方式的示意图。
图 3是脱^ 液真空再生方式的示意图。
图 4是脱硫液超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生方式的示意图。
图 5是不同组成聚乙二醇和水溶液在 298. 15K , 122. 61KPa条件下, 与二氧化硫和氮混合气体吸收气液平衡图。
具体实施方式:
下面结合具体的实施方案来描述本发明的聚乙二醇脱硫法。 所述的 实施方案是为了更好地说明本发明, 而不能理解为是对本发明的权利要 求的限制。 第一个过程是脱硫吸收过程, 其实施方案如图 1 所示, 其中, (1 ) 脱硫塔, ( 2 )含 SOx 气体, ( 3 )净化气体, ( 4 )脱硫贫液, ( 5 )脱硫富 液。 参见图 1 ,含 SOx气体 ( 2 )从脱硫塔( 1 )底部进入, 和脱硫贫液( 4 ) 逆流接触; 含 SOx气体( 2 )中的 SOx被贫液( 4 )吸收, 含 SOx气体( 2 ) 转变成净化气体 ( 3 )从脱硫塔( 1 )顶部出; 吸收了 SOx的脱硫贫液( 4 ) 在脱硫塔 ( 1 )底部转变成脱硫富液( 5 ); 脱硫富液( 5 )从脱硫塔 ( 1 ) 底部流出, 被送至脱硫液再生过程, 进行加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微 波法和辐射法的一种或多种方法再生。 按照图 1 的方式, 我们用气相色谱法测定气体中二氧化硫含量, 用 碘量法测定液相中二氧化硫含量的方法,研究了在 298. 15 K , 122. 61 kPa 条件,聚乙二醇(缩写成 PEG ,本次实验中釆用的聚乙二醇的聚合度为 8 ~ 10的混合液体, 综合分子量为 380 ~ 420 )和水的混合溶液与二氧化 ^克和 氮气的混合气体接触吸收达平衡时的吸收平衡数据如下:
表 1. 不同组成聚乙二醇和水的溶液在 298. 15 Κ, 122. 61 kPa条件下, 与二氧化^ _和氮混合气 体吸收达平衡时的气液平衡数据
溶液中 PEG质量含量 ( % ) 溶液中二氧化硫含量 Cs2/mg . V 气相中二氧化硫含量 s2/ppmV
0. 00 61. 839 6. 40
0. 00 70. 324 25. 62
0. 00 77. 597 53. 76
0. 00 84. 870 79. 09
0. 00 94. 568 137. 14
0. 00 115 174 233. 53
0. 00 152 751 380. 83
0. 00 175 782 501. 69
0. 00 200 026 580. 35
0. 00 219 420 627. 46
20. 01 131 937 23. 90
20. 01 134 671 38. 23
20. 01 153 126 82. 83
20. 01 162 696 127. 92
20. 01 170 214 154. 18
20. 01 172 265 169. 93
20. 01 186 619 257. 68
20. 01 209 175 384. 47
20. 01 221 478 425. 27
20. 01 237 199 536. 06
20. 01 245 402 603. 17
20. 01 252 920 649. 11
20. 01 263 857 692. 23
20. 01 294 615 888. 75
20. 01 318 538 1128. 41
40. 39 203 392 28. 16
40. 39 223 898 34. 79
40. 39 247 821 64. 87
40. 39 252 947 84. 21
40. 39 273 453 110. 40
40. 39 276 870 120. 18
40. 39 293 958 186. 89 /3/:/ O s90sil£ΟΪΟΝAV
Figure imgf000014_0001
ο o o o o o o o o o ο ο o o o o o o o o o ο ilS69 "
90. 01 628. 928
90. 01 680. 192
90. 01 741. 709
100. 00 632. 301 8. 89
100. 00 864. 742
100. 00 888. 666 57. 56
100. 00 957. 018 85. 25
100. 00 963. 853
100. 00 987. 776 115. 32
100. 00 1021. ■ 952 174. 16
100. 00 1110. ■ 810 267. 44
100. 00 1227. ■ 008 374. 56
100. 00 1298. ■ 778 450. 10
100. 00 1305. ■ 613 462. 65
100. 00 1336. ■ 371 508. 94
100. 00 1531. ■ 174
100. 00 1548. ■ 264 694. 59
100. 00 1657. ■ 626 815. 14 将表 1中的数据作图, 见图 5
从以上实验结果可以看出,当聚乙二醇溶液中水质量含量大于 20%时, 聚乙二醇溶液吸收二氧化硫的能力显著下降, 因此, 尽量将聚乙二醇溶 液中水的质量含量降至 20%以下, 对脱^ 效果有利。
第二个过程是脱硫液再生过程, 脱硫液再生过程所用的再生方法有加 热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法。
加热再生方式的实施方案如图 2 所示, 其中, (4 )脱^ 贫液, (5 ) 脱石克富液, (7 )二氧化石克和 /或三氧化石克, ( 8 )石克沫和 /或灰尘, (9 )力口 热再生器。
参见图 2 , 脱硫富液( 5 )被送至加热再生器( 9 ) 中, 被加热, 释放 出气态二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫 ( 7 ), 气态二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫 ( 7 ) 可以经过一些加工方式, 转变成高纯度的液态二氧化^ 和 /或三氧化石克副 产品, 同时, 还会有硫沫和 /或灰尘 (8)产生或富集, 实现与脱硫液主 体分离, 分离出来的^沫和 /或灰尘 (8)可以进一步加工成石克横副产物, 还会有一些灰渣物排出; 脱硫富液(5) 经加热再生器 (9)再生后, 转 变成脱硫贫液( 4 ); 脱硫贫液( 4 )可以直接送至脱硫吸收过程进行循环 使用, 也可以送至真空再生和 /或超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生方式进行 进一步再生。
真空再生方式的实施方案如图 3 所示, 其中, (4)脱^ 贫液, (5) 脱石克富液, (7)二氧化石克和 /或三氧化石克, (8)石克沫和 /或灰尘, (10)真 空再生器, (11)抽真空机。
参见图 3, 脱硫富液(5)被送至真空再生器 (10) 中, 在抽真空机 (11) 的作用下产生真空, 释放出气态二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫( 7 ), 气 态二氧化^ 和 /或三氧化充(7)可以经过一些加工方式, 转变成高纯度 的液态二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫副产品, 同时,还会有硫沫和 /或灰尘( 8 ) 产生或富集, 实现与脱石克液主体分离, 分离出来的石克沫和 /或灰尘 (8) 可以进一步加工成硫横副产物, 还会有一些灰渣物排出; 脱硫富液(5) 经真空再生器(10)再生后, 转变成脱硫贫液(4); 脱硫贫液(4)可以 直接送至脱^ 吸收过程进行循环使用, 也可以送至加热再生和 /或超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生方式进行进一步再生。
超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生方式的实施方案如图 4所示,其中,(4) 脱硫贫液, (5)脱硫富液, (6)超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生器, (7) 二氧化疏和 /或三氧化疏, ( 8 ) 石克沫和 /或灰尘。
参见图 4, 脱硫富液 ( 5 )被送至超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生器 ( 6 ) 中,被超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射的照射下释放出气态二氧化硫和 /或三氧 化石克 ( 7 ), 气态二氧化^ 和 /或三氧化充 ( 7 )可以经过一些加工方式, 转变成高纯度的液态二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫副产品, 同时, 还会有硫沫 和 /或灰尘 ( 8 )产生或富集, 实现与脱石克液主体分离, 分离出来的石克沫 和 /或灰尘 (8 )可以进一步加工成^ ^黄副产物, 还会有一些灰渣物排出; 脱硫富液(5 ) 经超波和 /或微波和 /或辐射再生器 (6 )再生后, 转变成 脱硫贫液( 4 ); 脱硫贫液( 4 )可以直接送至脱硫吸收过程循环使用, 也 可以送至加热再生和 /或真空再生方式进行进一步再生。
当再生后的聚乙二醇溶液中水含量较多,并影响了脱硫效果时 ,需要 将聚乙二醇溶液中的水去除,去除的方法有加热精馏法、 吸水剂吸收法, 也可以这些方法混合使用, 去除水后的聚乙二醇溶液循环使用。 常用的 吸水剂有 Ca0、 无水 CaS04、 硅胶和吸水树脂。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种以聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx的方法, 其特征在于: 所 述的聚乙二醇溶液中主要成分是聚乙二醇, 聚乙二醇溶液和含 SOx 的气 体接触后, 吸收气体中的 SOx ( x=2和 /或 3 ), 使气体达到净化的目的。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种以聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述的聚乙二醇溶液的组成为: 聚乙二醇的质量百 分含量 > 80. 00%; 水质量百分含量 < 20. 00%。
3、根据权利要求 1-2所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx的方法, 其特征在于釆用常压吸收或加压吸收, 吸收温度为 -20 ~ 200 °C。
4、根据权利要求 1- 3任意一项所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx 的方法, 其特征在于含 气体中总 SOx的体积百分含量应小于 99. 9%。
5、根据权利要求 1-4任意一项所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx 的方法, 其特征在于对吸收了气体中的 SOx 的聚乙二醇溶液用加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法中的一种或多种方法再生, 再生温度 为 0 ~ 300 °C ,再生过程中释放出二氧化硫和 /或三氧化硫,再生后的聚乙 二醇溶液可以循环使用。
6、根据权利要求 1-4任意一项所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx 的方法, 其特征在于用于脱除烟道气、 含 SOx的废气和 /或工业原料气中 的 S0x。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx的方法, 其特征在于对吸收了气体中的 SOx 的聚乙二醇溶液再生时, 所说的加热 法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法和辐射法, 这些再生方法是两种或两种以 上的再生方法复合在一个再生器中。
8、 根据权利要求 5和权利要求 7任意一项所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收 气体中的 SOx 的方法, 其特征在于经加热法、 真空法、 超波法、 微波法 和辐射法, 或其中两种或两种以上的再生方法再生后的聚乙二醇溶液中 水的质量含量大于 20%, 并影响了脱硫效果时,将聚乙二醇溶液中的水去 除,去除的方法有加热精馏法、 吸水剂吸收法, 常用的吸水剂有 Ca0、 无 水 CaS04、 硅胶和吸水树脂, 也可以这些方法混合使用, 去除水后的聚乙 二醇溶液循环使用。
9、根据权利要求 1-8任意一项所述的聚乙二醇溶液吸收气体中的 SOx 的方法, 其特征在于所述的聚乙二醇溶液是由聚合度大于或等于 2 的聚 乙二醇中的一种或多种不同聚合度的聚乙二醇组成。
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