WO2010087280A1 - 液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010087280A1 WO2010087280A1 PCT/JP2010/050783 JP2010050783W WO2010087280A1 WO 2010087280 A1 WO2010087280 A1 WO 2010087280A1 JP 2010050783 W JP2010050783 W JP 2010050783W WO 2010087280 A1 WO2010087280 A1 WO 2010087280A1
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- liquid crystal
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- 0 *c(cc(C1(c2ccccc2-c2c1cccc2)c(cc1*)ccc1Oc(cc1)cc(C(O2)=O)c1C2=N)cc1)c1OC(CC1C(O2)=O)=CC=C1C2=O Chemical compound *c(cc(C1(c2ccccc2-c2c1cccc2)c(cc1*)ccc1Oc(cc1)cc(C(O2)=O)c1C2=N)cc1)c1OC(CC1C(O2)=O)=CC=C1C2=O 0.000 description 6
- UBABRGKUSIBYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C(C(C1)C2C(O3)=O)C4C1C2C3=O)NC4=O Chemical compound O=C(C(C(C1)C2C(O3)=O)C4C1C2C3=O)NC4=O UBABRGKUSIBYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAALVBPLSFRYMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C(C1C2)C3C2C(C(C2)C4C(O5)=O)C1C2C4C5=O)OC3=O Chemical compound O=C(C(C1C2)C3C2C(C(C2)C4C(O5)=O)C1C2C4C5=O)OC3=O VAALVBPLSFRYMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLWBEORDOPDUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C(CC1C(O2)=O)C3C1C2=O)OC3=O Chemical compound O=C(C(CC1C(O2)=O)C3C1C2=O)OC3=O NLWBEORDOPDUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYCTWJFSRDBYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(CC1C(CC2C(O3)=O)c4ccccc4C2C3=O)OC1=O Chemical compound O=C(CC1C(CC2C(O3)=O)c4ccccc4C2C3=O)OC1=O JYCTWJFSRDBYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13706—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Definitions
- a liquid crystal display is often used as a display monitor for a liquid crystal television receiver, a notebook personal computer, a car navigation system, and the like.
- This liquid crystal display is classified into various display modes (methods) according to the molecular arrangement (orientation) of liquid crystal molecules contained in a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between substrates.
- a display mode for example, a TN (TwistedNematic) mode in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted and aligned without applying a voltage is well known.
- the liquid crystal molecules have a property of positive dielectric anisotropy, that is, the dielectric constant in the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is larger than that in the minor axis direction. For this reason, the liquid crystal molecules have a structure that is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface while sequentially rotating the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in a plane parallel to the substrate surface.
- VA Vertical Alignment
- the liquid crystal molecules have a negative dielectric anisotropy, that is, the property that the dielectric constant in the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is smaller than that in the minor axis direction, and a wider viewing angle than in the TN mode. Can be realized.
- liquid crystal molecules aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate are inclined in a direction parallel to the substrate due to negative dielectric anisotropy. It is the structure which permeate
- the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules aligned in the direction perpendicular to the substrate is tilted is arbitrary, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is disturbed by the application of a voltage, thereby deteriorating the response characteristics to the voltage.
- a film made of a polymer containing a chalcone structure is irradiated with ultraviolet light from a linearly polarized light or an ultraviolet light from an oblique direction to the substrate surface, and a double bond portion in the chalcone structure
- a technique for forming an alignment film by cross-linking is known (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- Patent Document 4 there is a technique for forming an alignment film using a mixture of a vinyl cinnamate derivative polymer and polyimide.
- Patent Document 5 a technique for forming an alignment film by irradiating a film containing polyimide with linearly polarized light having a wavelength of 254 nm to decompose a part of the polyimide.
- a peripheral technology of photo-alignment film technology it is composed of a liquid crystalline polymer compound on a film made of a polymer containing a dichroic photoreactive structural unit such as an azobenzene derivative irradiated with linearly polarized light or oblique light.
- a technique for forming a liquid crystal alignment film by forming a film see Patent Document 6).
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal display element capable of improving response characteristics.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device that can easily improve response characteristics without using a large-scale device.
- the liquid crystal display device for achieving the first object is as follows.
- a liquid crystal display element having a pair of alignment films provided on opposite sides of a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the pair of alignment films and including liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy
- At least one of the pair of alignment films includes a compound obtained by crosslinking a polymer compound having a crosslinkable functional group as a side chain (for convenience, referred to as “post-alignment treatment compound”), The liquid crystal molecules are given a pretilt by the crosslinked compound (after alignment treatment / compound).
- the liquid crystal display element according to the first aspect for achieving the first object includes the liquid crystal display element in the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention.
- the “crosslinkable functional group” means a group capable of forming a crosslinked structure (crosslinked structure).
- the liquid crystal display device for achieving the first object is as follows.
- a liquid crystal display element having a pair of alignment films provided on opposite sides of a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the pair of alignment films and including liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy
- At least one of the pair of alignment films includes a compound in which a polymer compound having a photosensitive functional group as a side chain is deformed (for convenience, referred to as “post-alignment treatment compound”), The liquid crystal molecules are given a pretilt by the deformed compound (after alignment treatment / compound).
- the liquid crystal display element according to the second aspect for achieving the first object comprises the liquid crystal display element in the liquid crystal display device according to the second aspect of the present invention.
- the “photosensitive functional group” means a group capable of absorbing energy rays.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device (or a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element) for achieving the second object described above, Forming a first alignment film comprising a polymer compound having a crosslinkable functional group as a side chain on one of a pair of substrates (for convenience, referred to as “pre-alignment treatment compound”); Forming a second alignment film on the other of the pair of substrates; A pair of substrates are disposed so that the first alignment film and the second alignment film face each other, and liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy are included between the first alignment film and the second alignment film. Sealing the liquid crystal layer; After sealing the liquid crystal layer, a step of crosslinking the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) to give a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules, Including.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned, It can be set as the form which irradiates an ultraviolet-ray and bridge
- the pair of substrates includes a substrate having a pixel electrode and a substrate having a counter electrode, and it is more preferable to irradiate ultraviolet rays from the substrate having the pixel electrode.
- a color filter is formed on the substrate side having the counter electrode, and ultraviolet rays are absorbed by the color filter, and the reaction of the crosslinkable functional group of the alignment film material may not easily occur.
- the azimuth angle (deflection angle) of the liquid crystal molecules when pretilt is applied is defined by the direction of the electric field, and the polar angle (zenith angle) is defined by the strength of the electric field. The same applies to the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device according to the second to third aspects of the present invention described later.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device (or a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element) according to the second aspect of the present invention for achieving the second object described above, Forming a first alignment film made of a polymer compound having a photosensitive functional group as a side chain on one of a pair of substrates (referred to as “pre-alignment treatment / compound” for convenience); Forming a second alignment film on the other of the pair of substrates; A pair of substrates are disposed so that the first alignment film and the second alignment film face each other, and liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy are included between the first alignment film and the second alignment film. Sealing the liquid crystal layer; After sealing the liquid crystal layer, the step of imparting a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules by deforming the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound), Including.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned,
- the side chain of the polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) can be deformed by irradiating with ultraviolet rays.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to the third aspect of the present invention (or a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element) for achieving the second object described above, Forming a first alignment film made of a polymer compound having a crosslinkable functional group or a photosensitive functional group as a side chain on one of a pair of substrates (referred to as “pre-alignment treatment / compound” for convenience); Forming a second alignment film on the other of the pair of substrates; A pair of substrates are disposed so that the first alignment film and the second alignment film face each other, and liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy are included between the first alignment film and the second alignment film.
- Sealing the liquid crystal layer After sealing the liquid crystal layer, irradiating the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) with energy rays to impart a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules, Including.
- energy rays include ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and electron beams.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned,
- the polymer compound can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays as energy rays.
- the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention or the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention including the above-described preferred embodiments will be simply referred to as “the present invention.
- the liquid crystal display device according to the second aspect of the present invention or the liquid crystal display device manufacturing method according to the second aspect of the present invention including the above-described preferred embodiments may be referred to as “first aspect”.
- the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device according to the third aspect of the present invention which may be simply referred to as “the second aspect of the present invention” in some cases, and includes the above-described preferred embodiments, is hereinafter generically referred to. Then, it may be simply referred to as “third aspect of the present invention”.
- a polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) or a compound constituting at least one of a pair of alignment films (after alignment treatment / compound) Can further comprise a compound having a group represented by the formula (1) as a side chain.
- a configuration 1A of the present invention, a configuration 2A of the present invention, and a configuration 3A of the present invention for convenience.
- R1 is a linear or branched divalent organic group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and is a main chain of a polymer compound or a crosslinked compound (before or after alignment treatment or compound).
- R2 is a divalent organic group containing a plurality of ring structures, one of the atoms constituting the ring structure is bonded to R1,
- R3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, A monovalent group having an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a carbonate group, or a derivative thereof.
- a polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) or a compound constituting at least one of the pair of alignment films (after the alignment treatment) -A compound) can be set as the structure which consists of a compound which has group represented by Formula (2) as a side chain.
- a configuration is referred to as “the 1B configuration of the present invention, the 2B configuration of the present invention, and the 3B configuration of the present invention”.
- R11 is an organic group that may contain a linear or branched divalent ether group or ester group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms, Bonded to the main chain of the polymer compound or cross-linked compound (before alignment treatment / compound or after alignment treatment / compound), or R11 is an ether group or an ester group.
- R12 is, for example, any one of chalcone, cinnamate, cinnamoyl, coumarin, maleimide, benzophenone, norbornene, oryzanol, and chitosan.
- R13 is a divalent group containing a plurality of ring structures.
- a group, R14 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a monovalent group having an alkoxy group, a carbonate group, or a derivative thereof.
- the compound (after the alignment treatment / compound) obtained by crosslinking the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) is a side chain and the side of the substrate.
- the side chain is composed of a main chain that supports the chain, the side chain is bonded to the main chain, a part of the side chain is cross-linked, and a terminal structure unit that is bonded to the cross-linked part.
- Molecules can be configured such that a pretilt is imparted along the terminal structure part or sandwiched between the terminal structure parts.
- the compound (after the alignment treatment / compound) obtained by deforming the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) is on the side chain and the side of the substrate.
- the side chain is composed of a deformed part bonded to the main chain, a part of the side chain is deformed, and a terminal structure part bonded to the deformed part.
- Molecules can be configured such that a pretilt is imparted along the terminal structure part or sandwiched between the terminal structure parts.
- the compound obtained by irradiating the polymer compound with energy rays is composed of a side chain and a main chain that supports the side chain with respect to the substrate.
- the side chain is composed of a bridge / deformation part bonded to the main chain, a part of the side chain is crosslinked or deformed, and a terminal structure part bonded to the bridge / deformation part. It can be set as the structure which a pretilt is provided by being pinched
- the terminal structure part may have a mesogenic group.
- the compound (after the alignment treatment / compound) obtained by crosslinking the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) is a side chain and the side of the substrate. Consists of a main chain that supports the chain, the side chain is bonded to the main chain, part of the side chain is cross-linked, and the terminal structure is bonded to the cross-linked part and has a mesogenic group It can be set as the structure currently made. In addition, such a configuration is referred to as “a 1D configuration of the present invention” for convenience.
- the main chain and the cross-linked part are bonded by a covalent bond
- the cross-linked part and the terminal structure part are bonded by a covalent bond.
- the compound (after the alignment treatment / compound) obtained by deforming the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) is on the side chain and the side of the substrate. Consists of a main chain that supports the chain, the side chain is bonded to the main chain, part of the side chain is deformed, and the terminal structure is bonded to the deformed part and has a mesogenic group It can be set as the structure currently made.
- the compound (after the alignment treatment / compound) obtained by irradiating the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) with energy rays is applied to the side chain and the substrate. Consists of a main chain that supports the side chain, the side chain is bonded to the main chain, a part of the side chain is cross-linked or deformed, and bonded to the cross-linked / deformed part, It can be set as the structure comprised from the terminal structure part which has a mesogen group. Such a configuration is referred to as a “3D configuration of the present invention” for convenience.
- the side chain (more specifically, the cross-linking portion) has a form having a photodimerized photosensitive group. can do.
- the surface roughness Ra of the first alignment film is 1 nm or less, or alternatively, the pair of alignment films At least one of them can have a surface roughness Ra of 1 nm or less.
- a configuration is referred to as a “first E configuration of the present invention, a second E configuration of the present invention, and a third E configuration of the present invention” for convenience.
- the surface roughness Ra is defined in JIS B 0601: 2001.
- the second alignment film is made of a polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) constituting the first alignment film.
- the pair of alignment films may have the same composition.
- the pair of alignment films may have different compositions as long as they are composed of the polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) defined in the first to third aspects of the present invention.
- the second alignment film may be composed of a polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) different from the polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) constituting the first alignment film.
- the alignment regulating portion formed by the slit formed in the electrode or the alignment formed by the protrusion provided on the substrate It can be set as the structure by which the control part is provided.
- the liquid crystal display device In the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the pair of alignment films is crosslinked because the polymer compound having a crosslinkable functional group as a side chain contains a crosslinked compound.
- the compound imparts a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, when an electric field is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, the liquid crystal molecules respond in a predetermined direction with respect to the substrate surface in the major axis direction, and good display characteristics are ensured.
- a pretilt is imparted to the liquid crystal molecules by the cross-linked compound, the response speed according to the electric field between the electrodes is increased compared to the case where the pretilt is not imparted to the liquid crystal molecules, and the cross-linked compound is used. Therefore, it is easy to maintain good display characteristics as compared with the case where the pretilt is applied.
- the first alignment film and the second alignment film are formed.
- a liquid crystal layer is sealed between the alignment films.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged in a predetermined direction (for example, a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, or an oblique direction) with respect to the first alignment film and the second alignment film as a whole by the first alignment film and the second alignment film. (Direction).
- the polymer compound is crosslinked by reacting the crosslinkable functional group while applying an electric field.
- the polymer compound having a photosensitive functional group as a side chain includes a deformed compound.
- the compound imparts a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, when an electric field is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, the liquid crystal molecules respond in a predetermined direction with respect to the substrate surface in the major axis direction, and good display characteristics are ensured.
- the pretilt is imparted to the liquid crystal molecules by the cross-linked compound, the response speed according to the electric field between the electrodes is faster than when the pretilt is not imparted to the liquid crystal molecules, and the deformed compound is used. Therefore, it is easy to maintain good display characteristics as compared with the case where the pretilt is applied.
- the first alignment film and the second alignment film are formed.
- a liquid crystal layer is sealed between the alignment films.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged in a predetermined direction (for example, a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, or an oblique direction) with respect to the first alignment film and the second alignment film as a whole by the first alignment film and the second alignment film. (Direction).
- the polymer compound is deformed while applying an electric field. Thereby, it becomes possible to give a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the deformed compound.
- a pretilt is imparted to liquid crystal molecules by irradiating the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) with energy rays. That is, by cross-linking or deforming the side chain of the polymer compound in a state where the liquid crystal molecules are aligned, it is possible to irradiate the linearly polarized light or oblique light to the alignment film before sealing the liquid crystal layer.
- a pretilt can be imparted to the liquid crystal molecules without using a large-scale apparatus. For this reason, response speed improves compared with the case where the pretilt is not provided to the liquid crystal molecule.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the pretilt of liquid crystal molecules.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the polymer compound (before the alignment treatment / compound) in the alignment film for explaining the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the process following FIG. FIGS.
- FIG. 7A and 7B are a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the process following FIG. 6, and a polymer compound (alignment treatment) in the alignment film, respectively. It is a schematic diagram showing the state of a back and a compound).
- FIG. 8 is a circuit configuration diagram of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining order parameters.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic partial sectional view of a modification of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic partial sectional view of a modification of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic partial sectional view of still another modification of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a characteristic diagram illustrating the relationship between the applied voltage and the response time in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between time and transmittance in Example 2.
- FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the relationship between a crosslinked polymer compound and liquid crystal molecules.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the relationship between a deformed polymer compound and liquid crystal molecules.
- 17A, 17B and 17C are AFM images of the alignment film surfaces in Example 4A, Comparative Example 4A, and Comparative Example 4E.
- FIG. 18 is a graph plotting the relationship between the surface roughness Ra and the response time in Examples 4A to 4H and Comparative Examples 4A to 4L.
- FIG. 19 is a graph plotting the relationship between contrast and response time in Examples 4A to 4H and Comparative Examples 4A to 4L.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a liquid crystal display device (or liquid crystal display element) according to the first to third aspects of the present invention.
- This liquid crystal display device has a plurality of pixels 10 (10A, 10B, 10C).
- liquid crystal molecules 41 are included between alignment layers 22 and 32 between a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) substrate 20 and a CF (Color Filter) substrate 30.
- a liquid crystal layer 40 is provided.
- This liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal display element) is a so-called transmission type, and the display mode is a vertical alignment (VA) mode.
- FIG. 1 shows a non-driving state in which no driving voltage is applied.
- the TFT substrate 20 has a plurality of pixel electrodes 20B arranged in a matrix, for example, on the surface of the glass substrate 20A on the side facing the CF substrate 30. Furthermore, a TFT switching element provided with a gate, a source, a drain and the like for driving each of the plurality of pixel electrodes 20B, and a gate line and a source line (not shown) connected to the TFT switching element are provided.
- the pixel electrode 20B is provided for each pixel electrically separated by the pixel separation unit 50 on the glass substrate 20A, and is made of a transparent material such as ITO (indium tin oxide).
- the pixel electrode 20B is provided with a slit portion 21 (a portion where no electrode is formed) having, for example, a stripe shape or a V-shaped pattern in each pixel.
- a slit portion 21 is an alignment restricting portion for restricting the alignment of the entire liquid crystal molecules 41 in the liquid crystal layer 40 in order to ensure good display characteristics.
- a driving voltage is applied by the slit portion 21.
- the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 at the time is regulated.
- the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal molecules when the pretilt is applied is defined by the direction of the electric field, and the direction of the electric field is determined by the alignment regulating unit.
- the CF substrate 30 includes, for example, a red (R), green (G), and blue (B) striped filter on the surface of the glass substrate 30A facing the TFT substrate 20 over almost the entire effective display area.
- the color filter (not shown) comprised by these and the counter electrode 30B are arrange
- the counter electrode 30B is made of a transparent material such as ITO.
- the alignment film 22 is provided on the surface of the TFT substrate 20 on the liquid crystal layer 40 side so as to cover the pixel electrode 20B and the slit portion 21.
- the alignment film 32 is provided on the surface of the CF substrate 30 on the liquid crystal layer 40 side so as to cover the counter electrode 30B.
- the alignment films 22 and 32 regulate the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 41.
- the liquid crystal molecules 41 are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the liquid crystal molecules 41 (41A and 41B) in the vicinity of the substrate are aligned. On the other hand, it has a function of giving a pretilt.
- no slit portion is provided on the CF substrate 30 side.
- FIG. 8 shows a circuit configuration of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display element having a plurality of pixels 10 provided in a display area 60.
- power is supplied to the periphery of the display area 60 to the source driver 61 and the gate driver 62, the timing controller 63 that controls the source driver 61 and the gate driver 62, and the source driver 61 and the gate driver 62.
- a power supply circuit 64 is provided.
- the display area 60 is an area where an image is displayed, and is an area configured to display an image by arranging a plurality of pixels 10 in a matrix.
- a display area 60 including a plurality of pixels 10 is shown, and areas corresponding to the four pixels 10 are separately enlarged.
- each pixel 10 includes a transistor 121 and a capacitor 122 together with the pixel electrode 20 ⁇ / b> B and the liquid crystal layer 40.
- the source electrode is connected to the source line 71
- the gate electrode is connected to the gate line 72
- the drain electrode is connected to the capacitor 122 and the pixel electrode 20B.
- Each source line 71 is connected to a source driver 61, and an image signal is supplied from the source driver 61.
- Each gate line 72 is connected to a gate driver 62, and scanning signals are sequentially supplied from the gate driver 62.
- the source driver 61 and the gate driver 62 select a specific pixel 10 from the plurality of pixels 10.
- the timing controller 63 outputs, for example, an image signal (for example, RGB video signals corresponding to red, green, and blue) and a source driver control signal for controlling the operation of the source driver 61 to the source driver 61. To do.
- the timing controller 63 outputs a gate driver control signal for controlling the operation of the gate driver 62 to the gate driver 62, for example.
- Examples of the source driver control signal include a horizontal synchronization signal, a start pulse signal, and a source driver clock signal.
- Examples of the gate driver control signal include a vertical synchronization signal and a gate driver clock signal.
- an image is displayed by applying a drive voltage between the pixel electrode 20B and the counter electrode 30B in the following manner.
- the source driver 61 supplies an individual image signal to a predetermined source line 71 based on the image signal similarly input from the timing controller 63 in response to the input of the source driver control signal from the timing controller 63.
- the gate driver 62 sequentially supplies the scanning signal to the gate line 72 at a predetermined timing by the input of the gate driver control signal from the timing controller 63.
- the pixel 10 located at the intersection of the source line 71 supplied with the image signal and the gate line 72 supplied with the scanning signal is selected, and a driving voltage is applied to the pixel 10.
- R1 is a tetravalent organic group
- R2 is a divalent organic group
- n1 is an integer of 1 or more.
- photoreactive crosslinkable functional groups examples include chalcone, cinnamate, cinnamoyl, coumarin, maleimide, benzophenone, norbornene, oryzanol, and chitosan.
- the group containing any one type of these is mentioned.
- examples of the group containing a chalcone, cinnamate, or cinnamoyl structure include a group represented by the formula (41).
- Examples of the group represented by formula (41) include groups represented by formula (41-1) to formula (41-27). However, the group is not limited to the groups represented by the formulas (41-1) to (41-27) as long as the group has the structure represented by the formula (41).
- the vertical alignment inducing structure may be contained in the main chain, in the side chain, or in both.
- the compound before alignment treatment includes the polyimide structure represented by the above formula (3)
- a structure including a vertical alignment inducing structure portion as R2 (repeating unit) and a structure including a crosslinkable functional group as R2 (repeating) It is preferable to include two types of structures. It is because it is easily available.
- the vertical alignment inducing structure portion is included in the compound before the alignment treatment, it is also included in the compound after the alignment treatment.
- Examples of the vertical alignment inducing structure include organic groups including, for example, an alkyl group having 10 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 10 or more carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 10 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 10 or more carbon atoms, or a ring structure. Groups and the like.
- examples of the structure including the vertical alignment inducing structure include structures represented by formulas (5-1) to (5-6).
- R1 is a linear or branched divalent organic group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and is bonded to the main chain of the polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) before crosslinking.
- R2 is a divalent organic group containing a plurality of ring structures, and one of the atoms constituting the ring structure is bonded to R1.
- R3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a monovalent group having a carbonate group, or a derivative thereof.
- examples of the group represented by formula (1) include monovalent groups represented by formula (1-1) to formula (1-8).
- R12 is, for example, a divalent group containing any one of chalcone, cinnamate, cinnamoyl, coumarin, maleimide, benzophenone, norbornene, oryzanol, and chitosan, or an ethynylene group.
- R13 is a divalent organic group containing a plurality of ring structures.
- R14 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a monovalent group having a carbonate group, or a derivative thereof.
- a compound (after alignment treatment / compound) obtained by crosslinking the polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) is a side chain, and Consists of a main chain that supports the side chain with respect to the substrate, and the side chain is composed of a cross-linked portion bonded to the main chain, a part of the side chain being cross-linked, and a terminal structure unit bonded to the cross-linked portion
- the liquid crystal molecules are given a pretilt along or at the end structure part.
- a compound (after alignment treatment, obtained by deforming a polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound)) Compound) is composed of a side chain and a main chain that supports the side chain with respect to the substrate.
- the side chain is bonded to the main chain, and a deformed portion in which a part of the side chain is deformed, and a deformation
- the liquid crystal molecules are given a pretilt along the terminal structure part or sandwiched between the terminal structure parts.
- the compound obtained by irradiating the polymer compound with energy rays is from the side chain and the main chain supporting the side chain with respect to the substrate.
- the side chain is composed of a cross-linked / deformed portion bonded to the main chain, a part of the side chain being cross-linked or deformed, and a terminal structure unit bonded to the cross-linked / deformed portion.
- a pretilt is imparted along or at the end structure part.
- the cross-linked portion in which a part of the side chain is cross-linked corresponds to R12 in Formula (2) (but after cross-linking).
- R13 and R14 in Formula (2) correspond to the terminal structure part.
- the cross-linked parts in the two side chains extending from the main chain cross-link each other, and the terminal structure part extended from one cross-linked part and the other cross-linked part A part of the liquid crystal molecules is sandwiched between the extended terminal structure and the terminal structure is fixed at a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate.
- the molecule is given a pretilt. Such a state is shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG.
- the compound (after alignment treatment / compound) obtained by crosslinking the polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) is a side chain, and It consists of a main chain that supports the side chain with respect to the substrate.
- the side chain is bonded to the main chain, and a part of the side chain is cross-linked, and is bonded to the cross-linked part and has a mesogenic group. It consists of a terminal structure.
- the side chain may have a form having a photodimerized photosensitive group.
- the main chain and the cross-linked part are bonded by a covalent bond, and the cross-linked part and the terminal structure part can be bonded by a covalent bond.
- a compound obtained by deforming a polymer compound (before alignment treatment / compound) (after alignment treatment / Compound) is composed of a side chain and a main chain that supports the side chain with respect to the substrate.
- the side chain is bonded to the main chain, and a deformed portion in which a part of the side chain is deformed, and a deformation It is composed of a terminal structure having a mesogenic group.
- the rigid mesogenic group constituting the terminal structure part may be one that exhibits liquid crystallinity as a side chain or one that does not exhibit liquid crystallinity.
- Specific structures include steroid derivatives, cholesterol derivatives, biphenyl, and triphenyl. And naphthalene.
- R13 and R14 in Formula (2) can be mentioned as a terminal structure part.
- the first alignment film (or after alignment treatment / from compound)
- the surface roughness Ra of the alignment film is 1 nm or less.
- the compound may contain an unreacted crosslinkable functional group, but there is a possibility that the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 41 may be disturbed when reacted during driving, so that there are few unreacted crosslinkable functional groups Is preferred.
- whether or not the compound contains an unreacted crosslinkable functional group is determined, for example, by disassembling the liquid crystal display device and making the alignment films 22 and 32 transmissive or reflective FT-IR (Fourier transform red) This can be confirmed by analyzing with an external spectrophotometer. Specifically, first, the liquid crystal display device is disassembled, and the surfaces of the alignment films 22 and 32 are washed with an organic solvent or the like.
- the alignment films 22 and 32 may contain other vertical alignment agents in addition to the above-described alignment treatment / compound.
- Other vertical alignment agents include polyimide having a vertical alignment inducing structure, polysiloxane having a vertical alignment inducing structure, and the like.
- the liquid crystal layer 40 includes liquid crystal molecules 41 having negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal molecules 41 have, for example, a rotationally symmetric shape with a major axis and a minor axis orthogonal to each other as central axes, and have negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal molecules 41 include liquid crystal molecules 41A held in the alignment film 22 in the vicinity of the interface with the alignment film 22, liquid crystal molecules 41B held in the alignment film 32 in the vicinity of the interface with the alignment film 32, and other liquid crystals. It can be classified into molecule 41C.
- the liquid crystal molecules 41C are located in an intermediate region in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer 40, and the major axis direction (director) of the liquid crystal molecules 41C is substantially perpendicular to the glass substrates 20A and 30A when the driving voltage is off. It is arranged.
- the director of the liquid crystal molecules 41C is tilted and aligned so as to be parallel to the glass substrates 20A and 30A.
- Such a behavior is attributed to the fact that the liquid crystal molecules 41C have a property that the dielectric constant in the major axis direction is smaller than that in the minor axis direction. Since the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B have similar properties, the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B basically exhibit the same behavior as the liquid crystal molecules 41C according to the on / off state change of the driving voltage. However, in a state where the drive voltage is off, the liquid crystal molecules 41A are given a pretilt ⁇ 1 by the alignment film 22, and the directors are inclined from the normal direction of the glass substrates 20A and 30A.
- both the pretilts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 have values larger than 0 °.
- the larger pretilt ⁇ of the pretilts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is more preferably 1 ° or more and 4 ° or less. A particularly high effect can be obtained by setting the larger pretilt ⁇ within the above range.
- FIG. 5 a schematic diagram for explaining the state in the alignment films 22 and 32 shown in FIG. 5, description will be made with reference to schematic partial sectional views of the liquid crystal display device and the like shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7A, only one pixel is shown for simplification.
- the alignment film 22 is formed on the surface of the TFT substrate 20, and the alignment film 32 is formed on the surface of the CF substrate 30 (step S101).
- the TFT substrate 20 is manufactured by providing pixel electrodes 20B having predetermined slit portions 21 in a matrix, for example, on the surface of the glass substrate 20A. Further, the CF substrate 30 is manufactured by providing the counter electrode 30B on the color filter of the glass substrate 30A on which the color filter is formed.
- a liquid alignment film material is prepared by mixing a pre-alignment treatment / compound or pre-alignment treatment / polymer compound precursor as a compound, a solvent, and, if necessary, a vertical alignment agent.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride include formulas (a-1) to And compounds having a crosslinkable functional group represented by (a-10).
- the compounds represented by the formulas (A-9) to (A-15) are compounds constituting the crosslinked part and the terminal structure part of the crosslinked polymer compound in the structure of the first 1C of the present invention.
- the compounds represented by the formulas (F-1) to (F-18) are exemplified as the compounds constituting the crosslinked portion and the terminal structure portion of the crosslinked polymer compound in the configuration of 1C of the present invention. You can also.
- a4 to a6 are integers of 0 or more and 21 or less.
- a4 is an integer of 0 or more and 21 or less.
- the compound having the above crosslinkable functional group when the polyamic acid as a polymer compound precursor is synthesized so that the compound has a group represented by the formula (1) together with the crosslinkable functional group before the alignment treatment, the compound having the above crosslinkable functional group.
- the diamine compound a compound having a group that can be aligned with the liquid crystal molecules 41 represented by the formulas (C-1) to (C-20) may be used.
- the polyamic compound as a polymer compound precursor so that the compound includes two types of structures: a structure containing a vertical alignment inducing structure as R2 in formula (3) and a structure containing a crosslinkable functional group.
- a diamine compound and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride are selected as follows.
- a diamine compound and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride are selected as follows. That is, at least one compound having a crosslinkable functional group represented by formula (A-1) to formula (A-15) and a compound represented by formula (C-1) to formula (C-20) And at least one of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by formulas (E-1) to (E-28) is used.
- the TFT substrate 20 and the CF substrate 30 are arranged so that the alignment film 22 and the alignment film 32 face each other, and the liquid crystal layer 40 including the liquid crystal molecules 41 is sealed between the alignment film 22 and the alignment film 32.
- Stop (step S102) Specifically, spacer protrusions for securing a cell gap, such as plastic beads, are provided on the surface of the TFT substrate 20 or the CF substrate 30 where the alignment films 22 and 32 are formed. While spraying, the seal portion is printed using, for example, an epoxy adhesive or the like by a screen printing method. Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
- the pretilts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 imparted to the molecule 41B are substantially equal. Therefore, the values of the pretilts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the value of the voltage V1.
- the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules 41 should respond is stored by the compound after the alignment treatment, and a pretilt is imparted to the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the vicinity of the alignment films 22 and 32.
- a compound is formed after the alignment treatment in the alignment films 22 and 32, and the pretilt ⁇ 1 is applied to the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B located in the vicinity of the interface with the alignment films 22 and 32 in the liquid crystal layer 40 in the non-driven state.
- ⁇ 2 are given.
- the ultraviolet ray UV an ultraviolet ray containing a lot of light components having a wavelength of about 365 nm is preferable.
- the alignment for regulating the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 41 such as the slit portion 21 is performed.
- a pretilt is imparted by the restricting portion according to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 during driving. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, since the pretilt directions of the liquid crystal molecules 41 are easily aligned, the order parameter increases (approaches 1). Thereby, when the liquid crystal display element is driven, the liquid crystal molecules 41 exhibit a uniform behavior, and thus the transmittance continuously increases.
- the alignment films 22 and 32 are formed on the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B in the liquid crystal layer 40 without forming the liquid crystal layer using the liquid crystal material to which the monomer is added as described above.
- the pretilts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are given, the reliability can be improved. Further, it is possible to prevent the tact from becoming long. Further, the pretilt ⁇ can be favorably imparted to the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B without using a conventional technique for imparting a pretilt to the liquid crystal molecules such as rubbing treatment. For this reason, there is no problem of rubbing treatment, such as a decrease in contrast due to a rubbing scratch that scratches the alignment film, a disconnection of wiring due to static electricity during rubbing, and a decrease in reliability due to foreign matter.
- the glass transition temperature Tg of the compound constituting the main chain is desirably 200 ° C. or higher. This is because the same effect as the polymer compound containing the polyimide structure described above can be obtained.
- the pre-alignment treatment compound having a main chain containing a polysiloxane structure include a polymer compound containing a polysilane structure represented by the formula (9).
- R10 and R11 in the formula (9) are arbitrary as long as they are monovalent groups including carbon, but one of R10 and R11 includes a crosslinkable functional group as a side chain. It is preferable that This is because sufficient alignment regulation ability is easily obtained after the alignment treatment and in the compound.
- the crosslinkable functional group in this case include the group shown in the above formula (41).
- the pretilt ⁇ 1 of the liquid crystal molecules 41A is 0 °
- the pretilt ⁇ 2 of the liquid crystal molecules 41B is larger than 0 °.
- the counter electrode 30B is provided with slit portions 31 in the same pattern as the pixel electrode 20B in each pixel.
- the slit portion 31 is disposed so as not to face the slit portion 21 and the substrate.
- the prepared alignment film material was applied to each of the TFT substrate 20 and the CF substrate 30 using a spin coater, and then the applied film was dried on a hot plate at 80 ° C. for 80 seconds. Subsequently, the TFT substrate 20 and the CF substrate 30 were heated in an oven at 200 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Thus, the alignment films 22 and 32 having a thickness of 80 nm (800 mm) on the pixel electrode 20B and the counter electrode 30B were formed.
- Example 1A to 1E in which the alignment films 22 and 32 include a polymer compound having a polyimide structure as well as a crosslinked structure (after alignment treatment / compound), the polyimide does not include a polyimide having a cross-linked side chain.
- the response time was shortened.
- Example 1F in which the alignment films 22 and 32 give the pretilts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 to the liquid crystal molecules 41A and 41B by decomposition of polyimide, the response time is longer than that in Examples 1A to 1E. This was shorter than Comparative Examples 1A and 1B having alignment films 22 and 32 that were not decomposed.
- the polarization direction and the reactive site of the crosslinkable functional group (C ⁇ C bond that undergoes crosslinking reaction in the chalcone group) are aligned in a predetermined direction, and the physical distance When is approaching, the side chain reacts and crosslinks. For this reason, when random light is used as the ultraviolet rays for crosslinking, the crosslinking density in the alignment film is higher than when polarized light is used.
- a driving voltage (7.5 volts) is applied between the pixel electrode 20B and the counter electrode 30B, and a luminance of 10 % To a luminance of 90% of the gradation corresponding to the driving voltage was measured.
- the response time measurement method is the same in the following various examples and comparative examples.
- a transmissive liquid crystal display device liquid crystal display element
- the present invention is not necessarily limited to the transmissive type, and may be a reflective type, for example.
- the pixel electrode is made of an electrode material having light reflectivity such as aluminum.
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Abstract
Description
一対の基板の対向面側に設けられた一対の配向膜と、一対の配向膜の間に設けられ、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層とを有する液晶表示素子を備え、
一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方は、側鎖として架橋性官能基を有する高分子化合物が架橋した化合物(便宜上、『配向処理後・化合物』と呼ぶ)を含み、
液晶分子は、架橋した化合物(配向処理後・化合物)によってプレチルトが付与される。また、上記の第1の目的を達成するための第1の態様に係る液晶表示素子は、本発明の第1の態様に係る液晶表示装置における液晶表示素子から成る。ここで、『架橋性官能基』とは、架橋構造(橋かけ構造)を形成することが可能な基を意味する。
一対の基板の対向面側に設けられた一対の配向膜と、一対の配向膜の間に設けられ、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層とを有する液晶表示素子を備え、
一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方は、側鎖として感光性官能基を有する高分子化合物が変形した化合物(便宜上、『配向処理後・化合物』と呼ぶ)を含み、
液晶分子は、変形した化合物(配向処理後・化合物)によってプレチルトが付与される。また、上記の第1の目的を達成するための第2の態様に係る液晶表示素子は、本発明の第2の態様に係る液晶表示装置における液晶表示素子から成る。ここで、『感光性官能基』とは、エネルギー線を吸収することが可能な基を意味する。
一対の基板の一方に、側鎖として架橋性官能基を有する高分子化合物(便宜上、『配向処理前・化合物』と呼ぶ)から成る第1配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板の他方に、第2配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板を、第1配向膜と第2配向膜とが対向するように配置し、第1配向膜と第2配向膜との間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層を封止する工程と、
液晶層を封止した後、高分子化合物(配向処理前・化合物)を架橋させて、液晶分子にプレチルトを付与する工程、
とを含む。
一対の基板の一方に、側鎖として感光性官能基を有する高分子化合物(便宜上、『配向処理前・化合物』と呼ぶ)から成る第1配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板の他方に、第2配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板を、第1配向膜と第2配向膜とが対向するように配置し、第1配向膜と第2配向膜との間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層を封止する工程と、
液晶層を封止した後、高分子化合物(配向処理前・化合物)を変形させることで、液晶分子にプレチルトを付与する工程、
とを含む。
一対の基板の一方に、側鎖として架橋性官能基又は感光性官能基を有する高分子化合物(便宜上、『配向処理前・化合物』と呼ぶ)から成る第1配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板の他方に、第2配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板を、第1配向膜と第2配向膜とが対向するように配置し、第1配向膜と第2配向膜との間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層を封止する工程と、
液晶層を封止した後、高分子化合物(配向処理前・化合物)にエネルギー線を照射することで、液晶分子にプレチルトを付与する工程、
とを含む。ここで、エネルギー線として、紫外線、X線、電子線を挙げることができる。
ここで、R1は、炭素数3以上の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の有機基であり、高分子化合物あるいは架橋した化合物(配向処理前・化合物あるいは配向処理後・化合物)の主鎖に結合しており、R2は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、環構造を構成する原子のうちの1つはR1に結合しており、R3は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。
ここで、R11は、炭素数1以上、20以下、好ましくは、炭素数3以上、12以下の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の、エーテル基あるいはエステル基を含むことある有機基であり、高分子化合物あるいは架橋した化合物(配向処理前・化合物あるいは配向処理後・化合物)の主鎖に結合しており、あるいは又、R11は、エーテル基あるいはエステル基であり、高分子化合物あるいは架橋した化合物(配向処理前・化合物あるいは配向処理後・化合物)の主鎖に結合しており、R12は、例えば、カルコン、シンナメート、シンナモイル、クマリン、マレイミド、ベンゾフェノン、ノルボルネン、オリザノール、及び、キトサンのうちのいずれか1種の構造を含む2価の基、又は、エチニレン基であり、R13は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、R14は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。
1.[本発明の液晶表示装置における共通の構成、構造に関する説明]
2.[発明の実施の形態に基づく、本発明の液晶表示装置及びその製造方法の説明]
3.[実施例に基づく、本発明の液晶表示装置及びその製造方法の説明、その他]
本発明の第1の態様~第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置(あるいは液晶表示素子)の模式的な一部断面図を、図1に示す。この液晶表示装置は、複数の画素10(10A,10B,10C・・・)を有している。この液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)においては、TFT(ThinFilm Transistor;薄膜トランジスタ)基板20とCF(Color Filter;カラーフィルタ)基板30との間に、配向膜22,32を介して液晶分子41を含む液晶層40が設けられている。この液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)は、所謂透過型であり、表示モードは垂直配向(VA)モードである。図1では、駆動電圧が印加されていない非駆動状態を表している。
実施の形態1は、本発明の第1の態様に係るVAモードの液晶表示装置(あるいは液晶表示素子)、並びに、本発明の第1の態様、第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置(あるいは液晶表示素子)の製造方法に関する。実施の形態1において、配向膜22,32は、側鎖に架橋構造を有する高分子化合物(配向処理後・化合物)の1種あるいは2種以上を含んで構成されている。そして、液晶分子は、架橋した化合物によってプレチルトが付与される。ここで、配向処理後・化合物は、主鎖及び側鎖を有する高分子化合物(配向処理前・化合物)の1種あるいは2種以上を含む状態で配向膜22,32を形成した後、液晶層40を設け、次いで、高分子化合物を架橋させることで、あるいは又、高分子化合物にエネルギー線を照射することで、より具体的には、電場又は磁場を印加しながら側鎖に含まれる架橋性官能基を反応させることにより生成される。そして、配向処理後・化合物は、液晶分子を一対の基板(具体的には、TFT基板20及びCF基板30)に対して所定の方向(具体的には、斜め方向)に配列させる構造を含んでいる。このように、高分子化合物を架橋させて、あるいは又、高分子化合物にエネルギー線を照射することで、配向処理後・化合物が配向膜22,32中に含まれることにより、配向膜22,32近傍の液晶分子41に対してプレチルトを付与できるため、応答速度が早くなり、表示特性が向上する。
基が挙げられる。但し、式(41)に示した構造を有する基であれば、式(41-1)~式(41-27)に示す基に限定されない。
ここで、R1は、炭素数3以上の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の有機基であり、架橋前の高分子化合物(配向処理前・化合物)の主鎖に結合している。R2は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、環構造を構成する原子のうちの1つはR1に結合している。R3は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。
ここで、R11は、炭素数1以上、20以下、好ましくは、炭素数3以上、12以下の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の、エーテル基あるいはエステル基を含むことある有機基であり、高分子化合物あるいは架橋した化合物(配向処理前・化合物あるいは配向処理後・化合物)の主鎖に結合しており、あるいは又、R11は、エーテル基あるいはエステル基であり、高分子化合物あるいは架橋した化合物(配向処理前・化合物あるいは配向処理後・化合物)の主鎖に結合している。R12は、例えば、カルコン、シンナメート、シンナモイル、クマリン、マレイミド、ベンゾフェノン、ノルボルネン、オリザノール、及び、キトサンのうちのいずれか1種の構造を含む2価の基、又は、エチニレン基である。R13は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基である。R14は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。
任意であるが、R10及びR11のうちのいずれか一方に、側鎖としての架橋性官能基を含んでいることが好ましい。配向処理後・化合物において、十分な配向規制能が得られ易いからである。この場合における架橋性官能基として、上記した式(41)に示した基等が挙げられる。
実施の形態2は、実施の形態1の変形である。実施の形態1では、配向膜22,32をその近傍に位置する液晶分子41A,41Bのプレチルトθ1,θ2がほぼ同一となるように形成した液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)について説明したが、実施の形態2にあっては、プレチルトθ1とプレチルトθ2とを異ならせる。
実施の形態3は、実施の形態1~実施の形態2の変形である。実施の形態3に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)の模式的な一部断面図を図10に示す。実施の形態3では、実施の形態1と異なり、配向膜22が、配向処理後・化合物を含まずに構成されている。即ち、実施の形態3にあっては、配向膜32近傍に位置する液晶分子41Bのプレチルトθ2が0°よりも大きい値を有している一方、配向膜22近傍に位置する液晶分子41Aのプレチルトθ1が0°となるように構成されている。
実施の形態4も、実施の形態1~実施の形態2の変形である。実施の形態4に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)の模式的な一部断面図を図12に示す。実施の形態4では、CF基板30が有する対向電極30Bの構成が異なることを除き、実施の形態1~実施の形態2の液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)と同様の構成を有している。
実施の形態1~実施の形態4では、液晶層40を設けた状態で配向膜22,32のうちの少なくとも一方において配向処理前・化合物を反応させ、配向処理後・化合物を生成することにより、その近傍の液晶分子41に対してプレチルトを付与した。これに対して、実施の形態5では、液晶層40を設けた状態で、配向膜22,32のうちの少なくとも一方において高分子化合物の構造を分解することにより、その近傍の液晶分子41に対してプレチルトを付与する。即ち、実施の形態5の液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)は、配向膜22,32の形成方法が異なることを除き、上記した実施の形態1~実施の形態4と同様の構成を有している。
実施の形態6は、本発明の第2の態様に係る液晶表示装置、並びに、本発明の第2の態様及び第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置の製造方法に関する。
実施例1は、本発明の第1の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)及びその製造方法、並びに、本発明の第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)の製造方法に関する。実施例1Aにあっては、以下の手順により、図11に示す液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)を作製した。
実施例1Bにおいては、配向膜材料として、ポリアミック酸に代えて、このポリアミック酸を脱水閉環させて得たイミド化重合体を用いたことを除き、実施例1Aと同様の手順を経た。この際、実施例1Aにおいて合成したポリアミック酸をN-メチル-2-ピロリドンに溶解させた後、ピリジン及び無水酢酸を添加し、この混合溶液を110℃で3時間反応させることにより脱水閉環させた。続いて、反応後の混合溶液に対して、大過剰の純水を注いで反応生成物を沈殿させ、沈殿した固形物を分離した後、純水で洗浄した。この後、減圧下、40℃で15時間乾燥させることにより、配向処理前・化合物であるイミド化重合体を得た。
実施例1Cにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(B-6)に示した垂直配向誘起構造部を有する化合物に代えて、以下の式(B-37)で表される垂直配向誘起構造部を有する化合物を用いたことを除き、実施例1Aと同様の手順を経た。
実施例1Dにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(E-2)に示したテトラカルボン酸二無水物に代えて、式(E-3)に示したテトラカルボン酸二無水物を用いたことを除き、実施例1Aと同様の手順を経た。
実施例1Eにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(E-2)に示したテトラカルボン酸二無水物に代えて、式(E-1)に示したテトラカルボン酸二無水物を用いたことを除き、実施例1Aと同様の手順を経た。
実施例1Fにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、ジアミン化合物として式(A-7)に示した架橋性官能基を有する化合物を用いなかったことと共に、液晶セルに対して照射した紫外線を変更したことを除き、実施例1Aと同様の手順を経た。詳細には、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、ジアミン化合物として式(B-6)に示した垂直配向誘起構造部を有する化合物2モルを用いた。また、液晶セルに対して、実効値電圧10ボルトの矩形波の交流電界を印加した状態で、100mJ(波長250nmでの測定)の均一な紫外線を照射した。
比較例1Aにおいては、液晶セルに対して紫外線を照射しなかったことを除き、実施例1Aと同様の手順を経た。
比較例1Bにおいては、液晶セルに対して照射した紫外線を500mJ(波長365nmでの測定)の均一な紫外線に変更したことを除き、実施例1Fと同様の手順を経た。
次に、以下の手順により配向膜を形成して、架橋密度を調べた。即ち、実施例1Aの配向膜材料を用いて配向膜を形成した。この場合、先ず、実施例1Aにおいて用いた配向膜材料(固形分濃度3重量%のポリアミック酸溶液)を、ガラス基板の一面側の表面にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、塗布膜を80℃のホットプレートで80秒間乾燥させた。その後、このガラス基板を、窒素ガス雰囲気下、200℃のオーブンで1時間加熱することより、配向処理前・化合物を含む80nm(800Å)厚の配向膜(前駆体膜)を形成した。続いて、ガラス基板の配向膜側から、均一な紫外線(ランダム光)を500mJ(波長365nmでの測定)照射し、前駆体膜中の配向処理前・化合物を反応させて、配向処理後・化合物を含む配向膜を形成した。
紫外線を照射する際に、ランダム光の代わりに、偏光光を500mJ(波長365nmでの測定)照射したことを除き、参考例1Aと同様の手順を経た。
実施例2も、本発明の第1の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)及びその製造方法、並びに、本発明の第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)の製造方法に関する。実施例2Aにおいては、実施例1Aと異なり、図1に示した液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)を作製して応答特性を調べた。
実施例2Bにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(B-6)に示した垂直配向誘起構造部を有する化合物を用いなかったことを除き、実施例2Aと同様の手順を経た。
実施例2Cにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(C-1)に示した化合物に代えて、式(C-2)に示した化合物を用いたことを除き、実施例2Aと同様の手順を経た。
実施例2D、実施例2Eにおいては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(A-8)に示した架橋性官能基を有する化合物、式(B-6)に示した垂直配向誘起構造部を有する化合物、及び式(C-1)に示した化合物に代えて、式(D-7)に示した基を有する化合物及び式(G-1)で表される化合物を、表2に示す割合で用いたことを除き、実施例2Aと同様の手順を経た。
比較例2においては、ポリアミック酸を合成する際に、式(D-7)に示した基を有する化合物に代えて、式(B-6)に示した垂直配向誘起構造部を有する化合物を用いたことを除き、実施例2Aと同様の手順を経た。
参考例2Aにあっては、以下のようにプレチルトを付与したことを除き、実施例2Aと同様の手順を経た。即ち、TFT基板20及びCF基板30の対向面側にスピンコーターを用いて光配向膜(日産化学株式会社製RN1338)を形成した後、光配向膜を80℃のホットプレートで80秒間乾燥させた。続いて、TFT基板20及びCF基板30を窒素ガス雰囲気下、200℃のオーブンで1時間加熱した後、光配向膜に偏光紫外線光を斜め照射することにより、プレチルトを付与した。
参考例2Bにあっては、以下のようにプレチルトを付与したことを除き、実施例2Aと同様の手順を経た。即ち、TFT基板20及びCF基板30の対向面側にスピンコーターを用いて垂直配向膜(JSR株式会社製JALS2131-R6)を形成した後、垂直配向膜を80℃のホットプレートで80秒間乾燥させた。続いて、TFT基板20及びCF基板30を、窒素ガス雰囲気下、200℃のオーブンで1時間加熱した。続いて、CF基板30上の画素部周縁に、粒径3.5μmのシリカ粒子を含む紫外線硬化樹脂を塗布することによりシール部を形成し、これに囲まれた部分に、ネガ型液晶であるMLC-7029(メルク社製)にアクリルモノマー(新中村化学工業株式会社製A-BP-2E)を0.3重量%混合させて成る液晶材料を滴下注入した。続いて、実効値電圧10Vの矩形波の交流電界(60Hz)を印加させた状態で、500mJ(波長365nmでの測定)の均一な紫外線を照射することにより、プレチルトを付与した。
実施例3も、本発明の第1の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)及びその製造方法、並びに、本発明の第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)の製造方法に関する。実施例3A~実施例3Rにあっては、液晶分子が末端構造部に沿うこと構造を有していない高分子化合物を比較例3とし、この比較例3に対して応答速度の向上を図ることができるかを調べた。
比較例3にあっては、式(G-2)に示す材料を使用し、更に、式(G-2)に示す化合物と等量の式(B-1)に示す化合物と共に式(E-2)に示すテトラカルボン酸二無水物を材料として使用した以外は、実施例3Aと同様にして、液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)を作製した。そして、液晶分子のプレチルト及び応答速度を測定した。その結果を、以下の表3に示す。ここで、式(G-2)に示した材料は、液晶分子41に対して沿うことができる基を有していないし、メソゲン基を有していない。
実施例4も、本発明の第1の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)及びその製造方法、並びに、本発明の第3の態様に係る液晶表示装置(液晶表示素子)の製造方法に関する。実施例4A~実施例4Hにあっては、配向膜の表面粗さRaと、応答速度及びコントラストとの関係を調べた。
実施例4A>実施例4B>実施例4C>実施例4D
実施例4E>実施例4F>実施例4G>実施例4H
比較例4A>比較例4B>比較例4C>比較例4D
比較例4H>比較例4G>比較例4F>比較例4E
比較例4I>実施例4J>比較例4K>比較例4L
Claims (28)
- 一対の基板の一方に、側鎖として架橋性官能基を有する高分子化合物から成る第1配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板の他方に、第2配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板を、第1配向膜と第2配向膜とが対向するように配置し、第1配向膜と第2配向膜との間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層を封止する工程と、
液晶層を封止した後、高分子化合物を架橋させて、液晶分子にプレチルトを付与する工程、
とを含む液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 液晶層に対して所定の電場を印加することにより液晶分子を配向させつつ、紫外線を照射して高分子化合物の側鎖を架橋させる請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 一対の基板の一方に、側鎖として感光性官能基を有する高分子化合物から成る第1配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板の他方に、第2配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板を、第1配向膜と第2配向膜とが対向するように配置し、第1配向膜と第2配向膜との間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層を封止する工程と、
液晶層を封止した後、高分子化合物を変形させることで、液晶分子にプレチルトを付与する工程、
とを含む液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 液晶層に対して所定の電場を印加することにより液晶分子を配向させつつ、紫外線を照射して高分子化合物の側鎖を変形させる請求項3に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 一対の基板の一方に、側鎖として架橋性官能基又は感光性官能基を有する高分子化合物から成る第1配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板の他方に、第2配向膜を形成する工程と、
一対の基板を、第1配向膜と第2配向膜とが対向するように配置し、第1配向膜と第2配向膜との間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層を封止する工程と、
液晶層を封止した後、高分子化合物にエネルギー線を照射することで、液晶分子にプレチルトを付与する工程、
とを含む液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 液晶層に対して所定の電場を印加することにより液晶分子を配向させつつ、高分子化合物にエネルギー線として紫外線を照射する請求項5に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 高分子化合物は、更に、式(1)で表される基を側鎖として有する化合物から成る請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
-R1-R2-R3 (1)
ここで、R1は、炭素数3以上の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の有機基であり、高分子化合物の主鎖に結合しており、R2は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、環構造を構成する原子のうちの1つはR1に結合しており、R3は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。 - 高分子化合物は、式(2)で表される基を側鎖として有する化合物から成る請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
-R11-R12-R13-R14 (2)
ここで、R11は、炭素数1以上、20以下、好ましくは、炭素数3以上、12以下の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の、エーテル基あるいはエステル基を含むことある有機基であり、高分子化合物の主鎖に結合しており、あるいは又、R11は、エーテル基あるいはエステル基であり、高分子化合物の主鎖に結合しており、R12は、カルコン、シンナメート、シンナモイル、クマリン、マレイミド、ベンゾフェノン、ノルボルネン、オリザノール、及び、キトサンのうちのいずれか1種の構造を含む2価の基、又は、エチニレン基であり、R13は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、R14は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。 - 高分子化合物を架橋させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が架橋した架橋部、及び、
架橋部に結合した末端構造部、
から構成されており、
液晶分子は、末端構造部に沿い、又は、末端構造部に挟まれることでプレチルトが付与される請求項1又は請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 高分子化合物を変形させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が変形した変形部、及び、
変形部に結合した末端構造部、
から構成されており、
液晶分子は、末端構造部に沿い、又は、末端構造部に挟まれることでプレチルトが付与される請求項3又は請求項4に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 高分子化合物にエネルギー線を照射することにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が架橋あるいは変形した架橋・変形部、及び、
架橋・変形部に結合した末端構造部、
から構成されており、
液晶分子は、末端構造部に沿い、又は、末端構造部に挟まれることでプレチルトが付与される請求項5又は請求項6に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 高分子化合物を架橋させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が架橋した架橋部、及び、
架橋部に結合し、メソゲン基を有する末端構造部、
から構成されている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 高分子化合物を変形させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が変形した変形部、及び、
変形部に結合し、メソゲン基を有する末端構造部、
から構成されている請求項3又は請求項4に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 高分子化合物にエネルギー線を照射することにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が架橋あるいは変形した架橋・変形部、及び、
架橋・変形部に結合し、メソゲン基を有する末端構造部、
から構成されている請求項5又は請求項6に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 第1配向膜の表面粗さRaは1nm以下である請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 第2配向膜は第1配向膜を構成する高分子化合物から成る請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 電極に形成されたスリット又は基板に設けられた突起から成る配向規制部が設けられている請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 一対の基板の対向面側に設けられた一対の配向膜と、一対の配向膜の間に設けられ、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層とを有する液晶表示素子を備え、
一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方は、側鎖として架橋性官能基を有する高分子化合物が架橋した化合物を含み、
液晶分子は、架橋した化合物によってプレチルトが付与される液晶表示装置。 - 一対の基板の対向面側に設けられた一対の配向膜と、一対の配向膜の間に設けられ、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子を含む液晶層とを有する液晶表示素子を備え、
一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方は、側鎖として感光性官能基を有する高分子化合物が変形した化合物を含み、
液晶分子は、変形した化合物によってプレチルトが付与される液晶表示装置。 - 一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方を構成する化合物は、更に、式(1)で表される基を側鎖として有する化合物から成る請求項18又は請求項19に記載の液晶表示装置。
-R1-R2-R3 (1)
ここで、R1は、炭素数3以上の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の有機基であり、高分子化合物の主鎖に結合しており、R2は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、環構造を構成する原子のうちの1つはR1に結合しており、R3は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。 - 一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方を構成する化合物は、式(2)で表される基を側鎖として有する化合物から成る請求項18又は請求項19に記載の液晶表示装置。
-R11-R12-R13-R14 (2)
ここで、R11は、炭素数1以上、20以下、好ましくは、炭素数3以上、12以下の直鎖状又は分岐状の2価の、エーテル基あるいはエステル基を含むことある有機基であり、高分子化合物の主鎖に結合しており、あるいは又、R11は、エーテル基あるいはエステル基であり、高分子化合物の主鎖に結合しており、R12は、カルコン、シンナメート、シンナモイル、クマリン、マレイミド、ベンゾフェノン、ノルボルネン、オリザノール、及び、キトサンのうちのいずれか1種の構造を含む2価の基、又は、エチニレン基であり、R13は、複数の環構造を含む2価の有機基であり、R14は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カーボネート基を有する1価の基、又は、それらの誘導体である。 - 高分子化合物を架橋させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が架橋した架橋部、及び、
架橋部に結合した末端構造部、
から構成されており、
液晶分子は、末端構造部に沿い、又は、末端構造部に挟まれることでプレチルトが付与される請求項18に記載の液晶表示装置。 - 高分子化合物を変形させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が変形した変形部、及び、
変形部に結合した末端構造部、
から構成されており、
液晶分子は、末端構造部に沿い、又は、末端構造部に挟まれることでプレチルトが付与される請求項19に記載の液晶表示装置。 - 高分子化合物を架橋させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が架橋した架橋部、及び、
架橋部に結合し、メソゲン基を有する末端構造部、
から構成されている請求項18に記載の液晶表示装置。 - 高分子化合物を変形させることにより得られた化合物は、側鎖、及び、基板に対して側鎖を支持する主鎖から構成されており、
側鎖は、
主鎖に結合し、側鎖の一部が変形した変形部、及び、
変形部に結合し、メソゲン基を有する末端構造部、
から構成されている請求項19に記載の液晶表示装置。 - 一対の配向膜のうちの少なくとも一方の表面粗さRaは1nm以下である請求項18乃至請求項25のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一対の配向膜は同じ組成を有する請求項18乃至請求項25のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 電極に形成されたスリット又は基板に設けられた突起から成る配向規制部が設けられている請求項18乃至請求項25のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
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- 2010-01-21 TW TW099101626A patent/TWI495938B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-22 WO PCT/JP2010/050783 patent/WO2010087280A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-01-22 EP EP11005869A patent/EP2388643A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-22 CN CN201080013019.XA patent/CN102362218B/zh active Active
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- 2010-01-22 KR KR1020117017338A patent/KR101670105B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-23 US US12/888,875 patent/US8945692B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2014
- 2014-12-15 US US14/570,523 patent/US9470929B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2011095696A (ja) | 2011-05-12 |
US8945692B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
US20110157531A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
KR101670105B1 (ko) | 2016-10-27 |
KR20110103439A (ko) | 2011-09-20 |
EP2388643A3 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
JP5630013B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
US9523889B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 |
CN102362218B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2388643A2 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
US20160011463A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
EP2385420A4 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
TWI495938B (zh) | 2015-08-11 |
US9470929B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
TW201044078A (en) | 2010-12-16 |
US20150146148A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
EP2385420A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
CN102362218A (zh) | 2012-02-22 |
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