WO2010084614A1 - 空気電池 - Google Patents
空気電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010084614A1 WO2010084614A1 PCT/JP2009/051179 JP2009051179W WO2010084614A1 WO 2010084614 A1 WO2010084614 A1 WO 2010084614A1 JP 2009051179 W JP2009051179 W JP 2009051179W WO 2010084614 A1 WO2010084614 A1 WO 2010084614A1
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- air
- air battery
- electrode
- battery
- negative electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air battery.
- An air battery is a battery using oxygen as a positive electrode active material, and takes in air from the outside during discharge. Therefore, it is possible to increase the proportion of the negative electrode active material in the battery container as compared with other batteries having positive and negative electrode active materials in the battery. Therefore, in principle, the electric capacity that can be discharged is large, and it is easy to reduce the size and weight. Further, since the oxidizing power of oxygen used as the positive electrode active material is strong, the battery electromotive force is relatively high. Furthermore, since oxygen has a feature that it is a clean material without resource restrictions, the air battery has a small environmental load. As described above, the air battery has many advantages and is expected to be used for a battery for a portable device, a battery for an electric car, a battery for a hybrid car, a battery for a fuel cell car, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a positive electrode mainly composed of a carbonaceous material having a pore volume of 1.0 ml / g or more, which is occupied by pores having a diameter of 1 nm or more, and lithium.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte type lithium-air battery including a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material that absorbs and releases ions and a non-aqueous electrolyte layer sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is disclosed.
- a positive electrode mainly composed of a carbonaceous material having a pore volume of 1.0 ml / g or more occupied by pores having a diameter of 1 nm or more is provided. Therefore, it is considered that a nonaqueous electrolyte type lithium-air battery having an improved positive electrode capacity is provided.
- the discharge voltage of the non-aqueous electrolyte type lithium air battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 was investigated, the discharge voltage (2.6 V) was lower than the theoretical value of 3.1 V and 2.9 V. It became.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an air battery capable of increasing the operating voltage.
- a first aspect of the present invention includes an air electrode including a carbonaceous material, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer having an electrolyte that conducts ions between the air electrode and the negative electrode, and a D / G band of the carbonaceous material.
- the air battery is characterized in that the ratio X is 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18.
- the “air electrode containing a carbonaceous material” means an air electrode composed only of a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18, as well as the carbon. It is a concept that includes an air electrode containing other substances represented by a catalyst in addition to the material.
- the “D / G band ratio” refers to a ratio representing the abundance ratio of the diamond structure and the graphite structure constituting the carbonaceous material. More specifically, it is defined as a peak intensity ratio of 1360 cm ⁇ 1 (D band) and 1580 cm ⁇ 1 (G band) obtained by subtracting the base line from the Raman spectrum of the carbonaceous material (carbon material).
- each carbon material is measured at three arbitrary points, and the peak intensity ratio is calculated.
- the average value of the three peak intensity ratios is defined as the D / G band ratio.
- examples of the “carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18” include highly oriented pyrolytic graphite described later. Depending on the measurement of the D / G band ratio X, an error may occur even in the same sample.
- the “carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18” in the present invention has a D / G band ratio X of 0.00.
- Carbon materials having 038 and carbon materials having a D / G band ratio X of 0.20 are also included.
- a second aspect of the present invention includes an air electrode made of a carbonaceous material, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer having an electrolyte that conducts ions between the air electrode and the negative electrode, and a D / G band of the carbonaceous material.
- the air battery is characterized in that the ratio X is 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18.
- a third aspect of the present invention comprises an air electrode containing a carbonaceous material, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer having an electrolyte that conducts ions between the air electrode and the negative electrode, and the carbonaceous material is highly oriented pyrolysis.
- “highly oriented pyrolytic graphite” is a substance expressed as “Highly Ordered” Pyrolytic Graphite (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “HOPG”).
- the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite in the present invention includes HOPG in which the surface of the diamond structure (Edge surface) is aligned and HOPG in which the surface of the graphite structure (Basal surface) is aligned.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention includes an air electrode made of a carbonaceous material, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer having an electrolyte that conducts ions between the air electrode and the negative electrode, and the carbonaceous material is highly oriented pyrolysis.
- the air electrode contains a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18.
- a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18 for the air electrode, it becomes possible to increase the operating voltage of the air battery, so the first aspect of the present invention is applied. According to this, an air battery capable of increasing the operating voltage can be provided.
- the air electrode is composed of a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18.
- a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18 for the air electrode, it becomes possible to increase the operating voltage of the air battery, and therefore the second aspect of the present invention. According to this, an air battery capable of increasing the operating voltage can be provided.
- the air electrode contains HOPG. Since the operating voltage of the air battery can be increased by using HOPG for the air electrode, according to the third aspect of the present invention, an air battery capable of increasing the operating voltage is provided. it can.
- the air electrode is composed of HOPG. Since the operating voltage of the air battery can be increased by using HOPG in the air electrode, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, an air battery capable of increasing the operating voltage is provided. it can.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified form of the air battery 10.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified example of the air battery 20.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified example of the air battery 30.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the Raman spectrum of HOPG which orientated the Basal plane. It is a figure which shows a constant current discharge curve.
- the present inventor has found that the operating voltage of the air battery can be increased more than before by using HOPG as the air electrode. Furthermore, the present inventor can operate even if the catalyst used for the purpose of reducing the activation barrier in the conventional air battery is not used for the air electrode by configuring the air electrode with a plate-like HOPG. It has been found that it is possible to provide an air battery with an increased voltage.
- the D / G band ratio X of HOPG used in the air battery of the present invention was 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18.
- the present inventor can increase the operating voltage of the air battery by using a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18 for the air electrode.
- the reason why the operating voltage of the air battery can be increased by such a configuration is considered to be that the activation barrier relating to oxygen reduction can be reduced.
- the present invention has been made based on such knowledge.
- the present invention provides a pneumatic battery capable of increasing the operating voltage by using a carbonaceous material having a D / G band ratio X of 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18 as an air electrode.
- the gist of Furthermore, this invention makes it a 2nd summary to provide the air battery which can raise an operating voltage by using HOPG for an air electrode.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of an air battery (hereinafter referred to as “air battery 10”) according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- air battery 10 an air battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 only a part of the air battery 10 is extracted and enlarged.
- the air battery 10 includes an air electrode 11, a negative electrode 12, and an electrolyte layer 13 that is disposed between the air electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 and that conducts ions between the air electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12. And have.
- the air battery 10 takes in oxygen from an oxygen-containing layer (not shown) provided outside the air electrode 11 during discharge.
- an oxygen-containing layer not shown
- the air electrode 11 is composed of a plate-like HOPG, and the D / G band ratio X of the HOPG is 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18.
- the thickness of the air electrode 11 varies depending on the use of the air battery 10 and the like, but is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 2 mm or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the air electrode 11 does not use substances such as catalysts and binders used in conventional air batteries. Even in such a form, the reduction reaction of oxygen can be caused by forming the air electrode 11 with a plate-like HOPG. That is, in the air battery 11, the air electrode 11 composed of plate-like HOPG functions as a reaction field having a catalytic function and conductivity. The air electrode 11 is connected to a conductive material (not shown) that functions as a terminal for extracting electricity from the air battery 10.
- the negative electrode 12 contains a negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode 12 is provided with a negative electrode current collector (not shown) that contacts the inside or the outer surface of the negative electrode 12 and collects the current of the negative electrode 12.
- a negative electrode active material of a general air battery can be used and is not particularly limited.
- a negative electrode active material that can occlude and release Li ions is used as the negative electrode active material.
- examples of such a negative electrode active material include metal materials such as graphite, in addition to metal lithium, lithium alloys, metal oxides, metal sulfides, and metal nitrides.
- metallic lithium and carbon materials are preferable, and metallic lithium is more preferable from the viewpoint of providing an air battery that can easily increase the capacity.
- the negative electrode 12 only needs to contain at least a negative electrode active material, and may further contain a conductive material that improves the conductivity of the negative electrode active material and a binder that fixes the negative electrode active material. From the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in reaction field and a decrease in battery capacity, the content of the conductive material in the negative electrode 12 is preferably 10% by mass or less.
- binder that can be contained in the negative electrode 12 examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the like.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- content of the binder in the negative electrode 12 is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to set it as 10 mass% or less, and it is more preferable to set it as 1 mass% or more and 5 mass% or less.
- a negative electrode current collector is provided in contact with the inside or the outer surface of the negative electrode 12.
- the negative electrode current collector has a function of collecting current of the negative electrode 12.
- the material for the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material. Examples of the material for the negative electrode current collector include copper, stainless steel, and nickel. Examples of the shape of the negative electrode current collector include a foil shape, a plate shape, and a mesh (grid) shape.
- the electrolyte layer 13 contains an electrolyte solution that conducts ions between the air electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12.
- the form of the electrolytic solution is not particularly limited as long as it has metal ion conductivity, and examples thereof include a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- the type of the non-aqueous electrolyte used for the electrolyte layer 13 is appropriately selected according to the type of metal ions to be conducted.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of a lithium air battery usually contains a lithium salt and an organic solvent.
- the lithium salt include LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4, LiAsF 6, and other inorganic lithium salts, LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiC An organic lithium salt such as (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 can be exemplified.
- the organic solvent examples include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), butylene carbonate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, sulfolane, acetonitrile, 1 , 2-dimethoxymethane, 1,3-dimethoxypropane, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and mixtures thereof.
- the organic solvent is preferably a solvent having high oxygen solubility.
- the concentration of the lithium salt in the non-aqueous electrolyte is, for example, not less than 0.2 mol / L and not more than 3 mol / L.
- a low volatile liquid such as an ionic liquid can be used as the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- a separator that holds the non-aqueous electrolyte is disposed between the air electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12.
- separators include porous membranes such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and nonwoven fabrics such as resin nonwoven fabrics and glass fiber nonwoven fabrics.
- Air battery 10 In the air battery 10, at least the air electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, and the electrolyte layer 13 are used in a battery case (not shown).
- the shape of the battery case used for the air battery 10 is not particularly limited.
- the battery case may be an open-air battery case or a sealed battery case.
- An open-air battery case is a battery case that can come into contact with the atmosphere.
- the battery case is a sealed battery case, it is preferable to provide a gas (air) supply pipe and a discharge pipe in the sealed battery case.
- the gas to be supplied / discharged preferably has a high oxygen concentration, and more preferably pure oxygen.
- Examples of the type of the air battery 10 include a lithium air battery, a sodium air battery, a potassium air battery, a magnesium air battery, an aluminum air battery, and a calcium air battery. Among these, a lithium air battery is preferable.
- examples of the use of the air battery 10 include a vehicle-mounted application, a stationary power supply application, a household power supply application, and a portable information device.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of an air battery (hereinafter referred to as “air battery 20”) according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- air battery 20 an air battery
- FIG. 2 only a part of the air battery 20 is extracted and enlarged. 2, components having the same configuration as that of the air battery 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 1, and description thereof is omitted.
- the air electrode 21 contains powdered HOPG, a catalyst, and a binder.
- the D / G band ratio X of the powdered HOPG contained in the air electrode 21 is 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18. Even with this configuration, it is possible to provide the air battery 20 with an increased operating voltage.
- the air battery 20 is provided with an air electrode current collector (not shown) that collects the air electrode 21 in contact with the inside or the outer surface of the air electrode 21.
- the content of HOPG in the air electrode 21 is preferably 10% by mass or more. Moreover, from a viewpoint of making it the form which can exhibit a sufficient catalyst function, it is preferable that content of HOPG in the air electrode 21 shall be 99 mass% or less.
- Examples of the catalyst contained in the air electrode 21 include cobalt phthalocyanine and manganese dioxide. From the viewpoint of achieving a form capable of exhibiting a sufficient catalytic function, the content of the catalyst in the air electrode 21 is preferably 1% by mass or more. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in reaction field and a decrease in battery capacity, the content of the catalyst in the air electrode 21 is preferably 90% by mass or less.
- the type and amount of the binder contained in the air electrode 21 can be the same as those of the binder used for the negative electrode 12.
- the air electrode current collector is provided in contact with the inside or the outer surface of the air electrode 21.
- the air electrode current collector has a function of collecting the air electrode 21.
- the material of the air electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material.
- the material for the air electrode current collector include stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, iron, titanium, and carbon.
- the shape of such an air electrode current collector include a foil shape, a plate shape, and a mesh (grid) shape.
- a mesh-shaped air electrode current collector is used, a mesh-shaped air electrode current collector can be disposed inside the air electrode 21.
- the air battery 20 may have another air electrode current collector (for example, a foil-shaped current collector) that collects the electric charge collected by the mesh-shaped air electrode current collector.
- FIG. 3 is sectional drawing which shows roughly the example of the form of the air battery (henceforth "the air battery 30") of this invention concerning 3rd Embodiment.
- the air battery 30 the air battery of this invention.
- FIG. 3 only a part of the air battery 30 is extracted and enlarged. 3, components having the same configuration as that of the air battery 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 1, and description thereof is omitted. Therefore, for the air battery 30, only the air electrode 31 will be described.
- the air electrode 31 has a catalyst disposed on the surface of a plate-like HOPG.
- the D / G band ratio X of the plate-like HOPG contained in the air electrode 31 is 0.058 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.18. Even with this configuration, it is possible to provide the air battery 30 with an increased operating voltage.
- the air electrode 31 is connected to a conductive material (not shown) that functions as a terminal for extracting electricity from the air battery 30.
- Examples of the catalyst used for the air electrode 31 include a catalyst used for the air electrode 21.
- Example 1 The cell of Example 1 and the cell of Example 2 which imitated the air battery of the present invention, and the cell of Comparative Example 1 which imitated the conventional air battery were prepared, and the operating voltage of each cell was determined by conducting a discharge test. investigated.
- Example 1 A cell of Example 1 was fabricated using the materials shown below. Specifically, a beaker containing an electrolyte solution was placed in a glass desiccator having a pure oxygen atmosphere, and an air electrode and a negative electrode were brought into contact with the electrolyte solution, thereby producing a cell of Example 1. In order to supply oxygen to the air electrode, the upper part of the beaker was not sealed but opened.
- Air electrode HOPG with a basal plane oriented (manufactured by BAS Co., Ltd.)
- Negative electrode Li (made by Honjo Metal Co., Ltd.)
- Electrolyte non-aqueous electrolyte (made by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) in which LiClO 4 is dissolved in propylene carbonate at a concentration of 1 mol / L
- Atmosphere Pure oxygen (99.99%, 1 atm)
- Cell Beaker cell
- Example 2 A cell of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as the cell of Example 1 except that HOPG (produced by BAS Co., Ltd.) with the Edge plane oriented was used for the air electrode.
- HOPG produced by BAS Co., Ltd.
- Comparative Example 1 A cell of Comparative Example 1 is produced in the same manner as the cell of Example 1 except that glassy carbon (manufactured by BAS Co., Ltd.) in which the Edge surface and the Basal surface are randomly oriented is used for the air electrode. did.
- the air battery of the present invention can be used as a power source for electric vehicles and portable information devices.
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Abstract
Description
2Li+ + O2 + 2e- → Li2O2 (式1)
4Li+ + O2 + 4e- → 2Li2O (式2)
ここで、Li2O2のギブスの自由エネルギーΔGは、-606.68kJ/molであり、Li2Oのギブスの自由エネルギーΔGは、-560.66kJ/molである。これらの値と、ΔG=-nFEとを用いて作動電圧の理論値を計算すると、それぞれ、3.1V、2.9Vとなる。しかしながら、従来の非水電解質型リチウム空気電池の作動電圧は、2.6Vに留まっていた。これは、酸素還元に必要な活性化障壁が大きいために過電圧が存在し、その結果、作動電圧が理論値よりも低くなったと推測される。したがって、酸素還元に必要な活性化障壁を低減することができれば、理論値と同等の作動電圧を示す空気電池を提供することも可能になると考えられる。
本発明の第1の態様は、炭素質物を含む空気極と、負極と、空気極及び負極の間でイオンの伝導を担う電解質を有する電解質層と、を具備し、炭素質物のD/Gバンド比Xが0.058≦X≦0.18であることを特徴とする、空気電池である。
図1は、第1実施形態にかかる本発明の空気電池(以下において、「空気電池10」という。)の形態例を概略的に示す断面図である。図1では、空気電池10の一部のみを抽出し、拡大して示している。
空気極11は板状のHOPGによって構成され、当該HOPGのD/Gバンド比Xは、0.058≦X≦0.18である。空気極を構成するHOPGは、Edge面を配向させたHOPGであっても良く、Basal面を配向させたHOPGであっても良い。ただし、作動電圧を高めやすい構成にする等の観点からは、Edge面を配向させたHOPG、例えば、D/Gバンド比XがX=0.180であるHOPGを用いることが好ましい。
負極12は、負極活物質を含有している。また、負極12には、負極12の内部又は外面に当接して、負極12の集電を行う負極集電体(不図示)が当接して設けられる。
電解質層13には、空気極11及び負極12の間でイオンの伝導を担う電解液が収容される。電解液の形態は、金属イオン伝導性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、非水電解液を挙げることができる。
空気電池10では、少なくとも空気極11、負極12、及び、電解質層13が、電池ケース(不図示)に収めて用いられる。
図2は、第2実施形態にかかる本発明の空気電池(以下において、「空気電池20」という。)の形態例を概略的に示す断面図である。図2では、空気電池20の一部のみを抽出し、拡大して示している。図2において、空気電池10と同様の構成を採るものには、図1で使用した符号と同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
空気極21は、粉末状のHOPGと、触媒と、結着材とを含有している。空気極21に含有される粉末状のHOPGのD/Gバンド比Xは、0.058≦X≦0.18である。かかる形態であっても、作動電圧を高めた空気電池20を提供することが可能になる。また、空気電池20には、空気極21の内部又は外面に当接して、空気極21の集電を行う空気極集電体(不図示)が設けられる。
図3は、第3実施形態にかかる本発明の空気電池(以下において、「空気電池30」という。)の形態例を概略的に示す断面図である。図3では、空気電池30の一部のみを抽出し、拡大して示している。図3において、空気電池10と同様の構成を採るものには、図1で使用した符号と同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。したがって、空気電池30に対しては、空気極31についてのみ説明する。
空気極31は、板状のHOPGの表面に、触媒が配設されている。空気極31に含有される板状のHOPGのD/Gバンド比Xは、0.058≦X≦0.18である。かかる形態であっても、作動電圧を高めた空気電池30を提供することが可能になる。また、空気極31には、空気電池30から電気を取り出す際の端子として機能する導電性物質(不図示)が接続される。
Basal面を配向させたHOPG、Edge面を配向させたHOPG、並びに、Basal面及びEdge面がランダムに配向しているグラッシーカーボン(何れも、ビー・エー・エス株式会社製)に対し、それぞれ任意の3点にて測定を実施するラマン分光分析を行い、DバンドとGバンドとのピーク強度比の平均値を算出することにより、D/Gバンド比を算出した。ラマン分光分析の条件を以下に示す。また、図4に、Basal面を配向させたHOPGのラマンスペクトルを示す。
<分析条件>
・488nmレーザー
・出力 :6mW
・回折格子 :1200Gr/mm
・対物レンズ:40倍
・露光時間 :10s
[実施例1]
以下に示す材料を用いて、実施例1のセルを作製した。具体的には、純酸素雰囲気にしたガラスデシケーターへ、電解液を入れたビーカーを設置し、空気極及び負極を電解液に接触させることにより、実施例1のセルを作製した。なお、酸素が空気極へと供給されるようにするため、ビーカーの上部は密閉せず、開放した。
・空気極:Basal面を配向させたHOPG(ビー・エー・エス株式会社製)
・負極 :Li(本城金属株式会社製)
・電解液:プロピレンカーボネート中にLiClO4を濃度1mol/Lで溶解させた非水電解液(キシダ化学株式会社製)
・雰囲気:純酸素(99.99%、1気圧)
・セル :ビーカーセル
Edge面を配向させたHOPG(ビー・エー・エス株式会社製)を空気極に用いたほかは、実施例1のセルと同様にして、実施例2のセルを作製した。
Edge面及びBasal面がランダムに配向しているグラッシーカーボン(ビー・エー・エス株式会社製)を空気極に用いたほかは、実施例1のセルと同様にして、比較例1のセルを作製した。
上記各セルの空気極及び負極に接続した端子を介して、50nA/cm2の電流を印加し、100時間後までの電圧をモニタリングした。定電流放電曲線を図5に、D/Gバンド比X及び100時間後の放電電圧の結果を表1に、それぞれ示す。
図5及び表1に示すように、D/Gバンド比Xを0.058≦X≦0.18とすることにより、放電電圧(作動電圧)を0.1V以上、上昇させることができた。さらに、X=0.180とすることにより、放電電圧(作動電圧)を0.33V上昇させることができた。加えて、X=0.058及びX=0.180であった炭素質物はHOPGであったことから、HOPGを空気極に用いることで、放電電圧を0.1V以上、上昇させることができた。放電電圧の上昇により、電池のエネルギー密度が向上するため、本発明によれば、エネルギー密度を向上させることが可能な空気電池を提供することができる。
11…空気極
12…負極
13…電解質層
20…空気電池
21…空気極
30…空気電池
31…空気極
Claims (5)
- 炭素質物を含む空気極と、負極と、前記空気極及び前記負極の間でイオンの伝導を担う電解質を有する電解質層と、を具備し、
前記炭素質物のD/Gバンド比Xが、0.058≦X≦0.18であることを特徴とする、空気電池。 - 炭素質物からなる空気極と、負極と、前記空気極及び前記負極の間でイオンの伝導を担う電解質を有する電解質層と、を具備し、
前記炭素質物のD/Gバンド比Xが、0.058≦X≦0.18であることを特徴とする、空気電池。 - 前記炭素質物のD/Gバンド比Xが、X=0.180であることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の空気電池。
- 炭素質物を含む空気極と、負極と、前記空気極及び前記負極の間でイオンの伝導を担う電解質を有する電解質層と、を具備し、
前記炭素質物が高配向熱分解グラファイトであることを特徴とする、空気電池。 - 炭素質物からなる空気極と、負極と、前記空気極及び前記負極の間でイオンの伝導を担う電解質を有する電解質層と、を具備し、
前記炭素質物が高配向熱分解グラファイトであることを特徴とする、空気電池。
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JP2010547368A JP5267575B2 (ja) | 2009-01-26 | 2009-01-26 | 空気電池 |
KR1020117000799A KR101244578B1 (ko) | 2009-01-26 | 2009-01-26 | 공기 전지 |
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WO2015076402A1 (ja) | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-28 | 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 | 空気電池用正極及びこの正極を用いた空気電池 |
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JPWO2010084614A1 (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
US8273497B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 |
KR20110017001A (ko) | 2011-02-18 |
CN102396100A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
CN102396100B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
KR101244578B1 (ko) | 2013-03-25 |
JP5267575B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
US20110269056A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
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