WO2010074134A1 - シリコンウェハ用洗浄剤 - Google Patents
シリコンウェハ用洗浄剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010074134A1 WO2010074134A1 PCT/JP2009/071413 JP2009071413W WO2010074134A1 WO 2010074134 A1 WO2010074134 A1 WO 2010074134A1 JP 2009071413 W JP2009071413 W JP 2009071413W WO 2010074134 A1 WO2010074134 A1 WO 2010074134A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- cleaning liquid
- silicon wafer
- cleaning
- repellent
- Prior art date
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 164
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 45
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 35
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 trifluoroacetoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical group O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical group C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000020998 Acacia farnesiana Species 0.000 description 1
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical group CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007991 Si-N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006294 Si—N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005055 alkyl alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005227 alkyl sulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=S ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02041—Cleaning
- H01L21/02057—Cleaning during device manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02041—Cleaning
- H01L21/02043—Cleaning before device manufacture, i.e. Begin-Of-Line process
- H01L21/02052—Wet cleaning only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for cleaning a silicon substrate (wafer) for the purpose of improving the manufacturing yield of a device having a circuit pattern that is fine and has a high aspect ratio, particularly in the manufacture of semiconductor devices.
- the conventional cleaning with a mixed ammonia cleaning agent causes a problem of damage to the wafer due to its basicity as the circuit pattern becomes finer. For this reason, replacement with, for example, a dilute hydrofluoric acid-based cleaning agent with less damage is in progress.
- This pattern collapse occurs when the wafer is pulled up from the cleaning liquid or the rinse liquid. This is said to be caused by a difference in residual liquid height between a portion where the aspect ratio of the pattern is high and a portion where the aspect ratio is low, thereby causing a difference in capillary force acting on the pattern.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for substituting the cleaning liquid from water to 2-propanol before passing through the gas-liquid interface as a technique for reducing the pattern collapse by reducing ⁇ .
- a solvent such as 2-propanol having a small ⁇ tends to have a small normal contact angle and, as a result, tends to increase cos ⁇ . Therefore, it is said that there is a limit, for example, the aspect ratio of the pattern that can be handled is 5 or less.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for resist patterns as a technique for reducing cos ⁇ to suppress pattern collapse. This method is a method of suppressing pattern collapse by setting cos ⁇ close to 0 and reducing the capillary force to the limit by setting the contact angle near 90 °.
- the disclosed technique since the disclosed technique is intended for a resist pattern, it modifies the resist itself, and can be finally removed together with the resist. Therefore, it is necessary to assume a method for removing the treatment agent after drying. Is not applicable to this purpose.
- the silicon wafer surface is a surface having a fine uneven pattern.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning agent for improving a cleaning process that easily induces pattern collapse in a method for manufacturing a silicon wafer having a fine uneven pattern on the surface.
- the cleaning agent of the present invention is a cleaning agent for silicon wafers having a fine uneven pattern on the surface, and the cleaning agent includes cleaning liquid A and cleaning liquid B,
- the cleaning liquid A is an aqueous solution
- the cleaning liquid B is for repelling the concave portions of the concave / convex pattern
- the cleaning liquid B is a mixture of a hydrolyzable portion that generates a unit capable of chemically bonding to Si of a silicon wafer, an alcohol solution containing a hydrophobic group-containing water-repellent compound and an alcohol solvent, and water or an acidic aqueous solution.
- the water repellent compound is made water repellent by the cleaning liquid B by mixing the water repellent compound in an amount of 0.2 to 20% by mass in 100% by mass of the total amount of the cleaning liquid B. It is characterized in that the capillary force is 2.1 MN / m 2 or less when it is assumed that water is held in the concave portion of the surface of the silicon wafer.
- each cleaning solution is used independently, and at least two types of cleaning solutions are used.
- the water repellency means reducing the surface energy of the article surface, and interacting between water or other liquid and the article surface (interface), for example, hydrogen bonding, intermolecular force, etc. It means to reduce.
- the effect of reducing the interaction with water is great, but it has the effect of reducing the interaction with a mixed liquid of water and a liquid other than water or a liquid other than water.
- the contact angle of the liquid with the article surface can be increased.
- the cleaning liquid B is supplied to the silicon wafer after the cleaning liquid A is supplied to the silicon wafer. Is done. Furthermore, the cleaning liquid B may be supplied to the silicon wafer surface while replacing the different cleaning liquid in a state where the cleaning liquid different from the cleaning liquid is held in the concave portion of the silicon wafer surface.
- the cleaning agent for silicon wafers of the present invention comprises a plurality of cleaning liquids, and is used while replacing the cleaning liquid held in the recesses with other cleaning liquids. Removed.
- the recesses on the silicon wafer surface temporarily hold the cleaning liquid B containing the water-repellent compound.
- the surface of the recess becomes a surface state that is water-repellent by the water-repellent compound.
- the water-repellent compound since the water-repellent compound has a hydrolyzable portion that generates a unit capable of chemically bonding with Si of the silicon wafer, the water-repellent compound is repelled until the cleaning agent is removed from the recess.
- the surface state can be held on the silicon wafer surface.
- the cleaning liquid when the cleaning liquid is removed from the recess, that is, dried, the surface of the recess is in the water-repellent surface state, so that the capillary force is reduced and the pattern collapse hardly occurs.
- the water-repellent compound if it is less than 0.2% by mass, it is difficult to make the surface of the recesses sufficiently water-repellent. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by mass, the water-repellent compound tends to aggregate and it is difficult to make the surface of the concave portion into a uniformly water-repellent surface state.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a silicon wafer 1 whose surface is a surface having a fine concavo-convex pattern 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a part of the a-a ′ cross section in FIG. 1. The schematic diagram of the state in which the recessed part 4 hold
- the cleaning process is improved in the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer having a fine uneven pattern on the surface. Therefore, the method for producing a silicon wafer having a fine concavo-convex pattern on the surface using the cleaning agent of the present invention exhibits excellent pattern collapse prevention properties and is effective in improving the productivity of silicon wafers. For example, it is possible to cope with a concavo-convex pattern having an aspect ratio of 7 or more, which is expected to become higher in the future, and it is possible to reduce the cost of producing higher-density semiconductor devices.
- the conventional apparatus can be applied without significant change, and as a result, can be applied to the manufacture of various semiconductor devices.
- a suitable cleaning method for a silicon wafer having a fine concavo-convex pattern on the surface using the cleaning agent of the present invention A process in which the surface of the silicon wafer is made a surface having a fine concavo-convex pattern, and then the cleaning liquid A made of an aqueous solution is applied to the surface, and the cleaning liquid A is held in the recesses A step of replacing the cleaning liquid A held in the recess with a cleaning liquid a different from the cleaning liquid A; Holding the cleaning liquid B for making the surface of the recess water repellent in the recess, A step of removing the cleaning agent.
- the cleaning liquid B held in the recess may be replaced with a cleaning liquid b different from the cleaning liquid B. Further, it is more preferable to perform a step of holding an aqueous cleaning liquid composed of an aqueous solution in the concave portion through substitution with the different cleaning liquid b.
- the step of removing the cleaning agent Removing the cleaning liquid retained in the recess from the recess by drying;
- the cleaning solution B is in the recess.
- a different cleaning solution b may be provided, and the different cleaning solution b may be removed by drying, or after the different cleaning solution b is provided, an aqueous cleaning solution composed of an aqueous solution is held in the recess, and the aqueous cleaning solution is dried. You may perform the process to remove.
- the cleaning liquid B is a mixture of a hydrolyzable site that generates a unit capable of chemically bonding to Si of a silicon wafer, a water repellent compound containing a hydrophobic group, an alcohol solution containing an alcohol solvent, and water or an acidic aqueous solution.
- the water-repellent compound is mixed in a total amount of 100% by mass of the cleaning liquid B so that it is 0.2 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass. Is preferred.
- the surface of the silicon wafer has a fine concavo-convex pattern
- the resist is exposed through a resist mask, and the exposed resist is not exposed.
- the resist having a desired concavo-convex pattern is produced by etching away the resist.
- corrugated pattern can be obtained also by pressing the mold which has a pattern to a resist.
- the wafer is etched.
- the concave portion of the resist pattern is selectively etched.
- a silicon wafer having a fine uneven pattern is obtained.
- a silicon oxide film such as a natural oxide film or a thermal oxide film is formed on the surface, or when the above uneven pattern is formed, at least a part of the surface of the uneven pattern is made of silicon oxide. Is also included.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a silicon wafer 1 whose surface is a surface having a fine concavo-convex pattern 2, and FIG. 2 shows a part of the a-a ′ cross section in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1
- the width 5 of the concave portion is indicated by the interval between the convex portion 3 and the convex portion 3
- the aspect ratio of the convex portion is expressed by dividing the height 6 of the convex portion by the width 7 of the convex portion. Is done. Pattern collapse in the cleaning process tends to occur when the width of the recess is 70 nm or less, particularly 45 nm or less, and the aspect ratio is 4 or more, particularly 6 or more.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the recess 4 holds the cleaning liquid 8 in the cleaning process.
- the silicon wafer in the schematic diagram of FIG. 3 shows a part of the a-a ′ cross section of FIG. 1.
- the cleaning liquid A made of an aqueous solution is supplied to the silicon wafer 1 on which the uneven pattern 2 is formed.
- the cleaning liquid A is held at least in the recess 4 as shown in FIG.
- the cleaning liquid A held in the recess 4 is replaced with a cleaning liquid a different from the cleaning liquid A.
- the different cleaning liquid a examples include the cleaning liquid B, water, a water-soluble organic solvent, or a mixture thereof, or a mixture in which at least one of acid, alkali, and surfactant is mixed. It is done.
- the water-soluble organic solvent is preferably a solvent in which 5% by mass of water is dissolved with respect to 100% by mass of the organic solvent.
- the liquid mixture of a some organic solvent may be sufficient.
- an example of the different cleaning liquid b is an aqueous solution.
- an aqueous cleaning solution comprising water, a water-soluble organic solvent, or a mixture thereof, or a mixture of at least one of acid, alkali, and surfactant.
- Examples of the cleaning liquid A that is an aqueous cleaning liquid composed of an aqueous solution include water or water in which at least one of a water-soluble organic solvent, an acid, and an alkali is mixed in water as a main component (for example, the content of water Is 50% by mass or more).
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram in the case where the aqueous cleaning liquid is held in the recess 4 made water repellent by the water repellent compound.
- the silicon wafer in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4 shows a part of the a-a ′ cross section of FIG. 1.
- the surface of the recess 4 has a surface state 10 that is water-repellent with a water-repellent compound.
- the surface state 10 that has been made water-repellent by the unit that can be chemically bonded to Si is held on the surface of the silicon wafer even when the aqueous cleaning liquid 9 is removed from the recess 4.
- the capillary force is preferably 2.1 MN / m 2 or less. It is preferable that the capillary force is 2.1 MN / m 2 or less because pattern collapse hardly occurs. Also, when the capillary force is small, the collapse is further difficult to occur pattern, capillary force is particularly preferably 1.5Mn / m 2 or less, more preferably 1.0 MN / m 2 or less. Furthermore, it is ideal to adjust the contact angle with the cleaning liquid to around 90 ° so that the capillary force is as close as possible to 0.0 MN / m 2 .
- examples of the hydrolyzable site include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, Alkoxy groups such as propoxy group, isopropoxy group and butoxy group, acetoxy group, trifluoroacetoxy group, Si—O—C bond such as —OC (CH 3 ) ⁇ CHCOCH 3 , halogen groups such as chloro group and bromo group, Examples include Si—N bonds such as isocyanate groups, amino groups, isothiocyanate groups, azide groups, acetamide groups, and silazanes, Si—O—S bonds such as alkyl sulfonate groups and perfluoroalkyl sulfonate groups, and nitrile groups.
- hydrophobic group examples include monovalent organic groups containing a hydrocarbon group and 1 containing a C—F bond. Include organic groups are.
- Such a water-repellent compound is fixed to the wafer because the functional group generated by hydrolysis of the hydrolyzable site reacts with the silanol group of the silicon oxide layer of the concavo-convex pattern of the silicon wafer. Thereby, since the wafer surface can be covered with the hydrophobic group, the capillary force can be reduced.
- s and t are integers of 0 to 2 2
- R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group
- X and Y are hydrolyzable sites.
- Such a surface state rendered water repellent by the water repellent compound is easy to remove in the process of light irradiation or heating the silicon wafer surface.
- Examples of the water-repellent compound represented by C m H 2m + 1 SiR s X 3-s (m 1 to 18, s is an integer of 0 to 2, R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group)
- R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group
- water repellent compound examples include C 8 F 17 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , C 6 F 13 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , C 4 F 9 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3).
- X and Y which are hydrolyzable sites, are particularly preferably a methoxy group and an ethoxy group from the viewpoint of hydrolysis reactivity.
- the cleaning liquid B preferably contains water or an acidic aqueous solution in order to advance the hydrolysis reaction of the water repellent compound.
- the acidic aqueous solution contained in the cleaning solution B is preferably adjusted to a pH value of 5 or less, particularly 0 to 4 because the hydrolysis reaction is accelerated.
- As the acid nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, an organic acid, or the like can be used.
- the amount of water that may be contained in the cleaning liquid B is 1 to 200 times the number of molecules relative to the number of units that can be chemically bonded to Si by hydrolysis of the water repellent compound. It is preferable. If the amount is less than 1 time, the hydrolysis reaction may not proceed sufficiently. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 200 times, the solubility of the water-repellent compound in the cleaning liquid B may decrease, and it may be difficult to obtain a homogeneous cleaning liquid B, or the pot life of the cleaning liquid B may be shortened. In particular, the amount of water is preferably 2 to 100 times.
- alcohol solvent in the cleaning liquid B lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol are particularly preferable.
- the cleaning liquid B is preferably obtained by mixing the water repellent compound and an alcohol solvent, adding water or an acidic aqueous solution, and stirring.
- the water-repellent compound and the alcohol solvent are mixed first, it is easy to uniformly mix the water-repellent compound and water or an acidic aqueous solution into the treatment liquid.
- the temperature of the cleaning liquid B When the temperature of the cleaning liquid B is increased, the surface of the concave portion is easily made water repellent in a shorter time. It is preferable that the temperature at which the surface state is easily made water-repellent is easily maintained at 10 to 120 ° C., particularly 20 to 80 ° C. The temperature of the cleaning liquid B is preferably maintained at the temperature even when it is held in the recess 4.
- a step of removing the cleaning agent held in the recess 4 made water repellent by the water repellent compound is performed.
- the process The step of removing the cleaning liquid held in the concave portion from the concave portion by drying It is preferable to have a step of removing the surface state of the silicon wafer surface that has been made water-repellent by light irradiation or heating the silicon wafer.
- the cleaning liquid held in the recess is preferably an aqueous cleaning liquid.
- a step of holding the aqueous cleaning liquid in the concave portion through replacement of the cleaning liquid B held in the concave portion with a cleaning liquid b different from the cleaning liquid B is performed.
- the cleaning liquid held in the recess may be the cleaning liquid B or the different cleaning liquid b.
- the cleaning liquid is removed by drying.
- the drying is preferably performed by a known drying method such as spin drying, IPA (2-propanol) vapor drying, Marangoni drying, heat drying, hot air drying, or vacuum drying.
- the water-repellent surface state 10 on the silicon wafer surface is removed.
- the Si—C bond, C—C bond, and C—F bond in the surface state 10 water repellent by the water repellent compound may be cleaved.
- ultraviolet rays including wavelengths shorter than 350 to 450 nm, 340 nm, and 240 nm of solar radiation energy corresponding to their binding energies of 58 to 80 kcal / mol, 83 kcal / mol, and 116 kcal / mol.
- a metal halide lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an excimer lamp, a carbon arc, or the like is used.
- the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is preferably, for example, 100 mW / cm 2 or more as measured by an illuminometer (Minolta irradiation intensity meter UM-10, light receiving unit UM-360 [peak sensitivity wavelength: 365 nm, measurement wavelength range: 310 to 400 nm]). , 200 mW / cm 2 or more is particularly preferred. the irradiation intensity is so takes a long time to remove the surface condition 10 which is the water repellency is less than 100 mW / cm 2.
- components of the water-repellent surface state 10 are decomposed by ultraviolet rays, and at the same time, active oxygen is generated, and the water-repellent is generated by the active oxygen. It is particularly preferable to oxidize and volatilize the component of the surface state 10 that has been converted, because the treatment time is shortened.
- a low-pressure mercury lamp or an excimer lamp is used as this light source.
- the silicon wafer When heating a silicon wafer, the silicon wafer is heated at 400 to 700 ° C., preferably 500 to 700 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably maintained for 1 to 60 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes.
- ozone irradiation, plasma irradiation, corona discharge, or the like may be used in combination.
- the contact angle of the droplet and the capillary force that can be considered as equivalent to the pattern collapse have a correlation, so the above formula and the water repellent surface Capillary force may be derived from the evaluation of the contact angle of the droplet in state 10.
- water which is a typical aqueous cleaning solution, was used as the cleaning solution.
- the water droplet contact angle for water repellency evaluation is evaluated by applying several ⁇ l of water droplets onto the surface of the sample (base material) as described in JIS R 3257 “Test method for wettability of substrate glass surface”. And measurement of the angle formed by the substrate surface.
- the contact angle becomes very large. This is because a Wenzel effect and a Cassie effect occur, and the contact angle is affected by the surface shape (roughness) of the substrate, and the apparent contact angle of water droplets increases.
- the cleaning liquid B is applied to a silicon wafer having a smooth surface to make the surface repellent, and the silicon wafer 1 having the fine uneven pattern 2 formed on the surface is made water repellent.
- the surface state was regarded as 10 and various evaluations were performed.
- ⁇ the surface tension
- ⁇ the contact angle
- S the pattern dimension.
- the pattern tends to collapse when the cleaning liquid is water when the wafer passes through the gas-liquid interface, and the pattern does not easily collapse when 2-propanol is used.
- the capillary force is 0.98 MN / m 2 when the cleaning liquid is 2-propanol (surface tension: 22 mN / m, contact angle with silicon oxide: 1 °). It becomes.
- the capillary force is 3.2 MN / m 2 in water (surface tension: 72 mN / m, contact angle with silicon oxide: 2.5 °) having the largest surface tension among liquids excluding mercury. Therefore, the intermediate 2.1MN / m 2 as the target, the capillary force when the water was retained was evaluated as acceptable if the following 2.1MN / m 2 (expressed as ⁇ in Table).
- Lamp Eye Graphics M015-L312 (strength: 1.5 kW)
- Illuminance The measured value under the following conditions is 128 mW / cm 2
- Measurement device UV intensity meter (Minolta, UM-10)
- Light receiving part UM-360 (Receiving wavelength: 310 to 400 nm, peak wavelength: 365 ⁇ 5 nm)
- Measurement mode Irradiance measurement
- Ra is a three-dimensional extension of the centerline average roughness defined in JIS B 0601 to the measurement surface. “The absolute value of the deviation from the reference surface to the specified surface is averaged. The value was calculated by the following formula. If the Ra value of the wafer after removing the water-repellent surface state is 1 nm or less, the wafer surface is not eroded by cleaning, and the residue of the cleaning liquid B is not present on the wafer surface. And written as ⁇ ).
- X L , X R , Y B , and Y T indicate measurement ranges of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate, respectively.
- S 0 is an area when the measurement surface is ideally flat, and has a value of (X R ⁇ X L ) ⁇ (Y B ⁇ Y T ).
- F (X, Y) represents the height at the measurement point (X, Y), and Z 0 represents the average height in the measurement plane.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of Cleaning Solution B First, hexyltrimethoxysilane [C 6 H 13 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] as a water repellent compound; 1.0 g, 2-propanol as an alcohol solvent; 96.6 g were mixed, and about 5 Stir for minutes. Next, 0.1 g of nitric acid aqueous solution (pH 1.0); 2.4 g was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 24 hours. By the above method, a cleaning liquid B having a water repellent compound concentration (hereinafter referred to as “water repellent compound concentration”) of 1.0 mass% with respect to the total amount of the cleaning liquid B was obtained.
- water repellent compound concentration water repellent compound concentration
- the initial contact angle before the surface treatment was less than 10 °.
- the contact angle after the surface treatment was 66 °, which showed the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was held was calculated using the formula described in the above “Evaluation of Capillary Force”
- the capillary force was 1.3 MN / m 2 and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 2 All were the same as Example 1 except that the concentration of hexyltrimethoxysilane was 3% by mass. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 76 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Moreover, the capillary force when water was held was 0.8 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small. Moreover, the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 3 All the steps were the same as Example 2 except that the silicon wafer was immersed in the cleaning solution B for 96 hours.
- the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 88 °, indicating an excellent water repellency imparting effect.
- the capillary force when water was held was 0.1 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 4 The procedure was the same as Example 1 except that decyltrimethoxysilane [C 10 H 21 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] was used as the water repellent compound.
- the physical properties were as shown in Table 1, and the contact angle after the surface treatment was 70 °, which showed the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was held was 1.1 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 5 All were the same as in Example 1 except that octadecyltrimethoxysilane [C 18 H 37 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] was used as the water repellent compound.
- Table 1 the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 74 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was retained was 0.9 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 6 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that octadecyltrimethoxysilane [C 18 H 37 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] was used as the water repellent compound and 1N acetic acid aqueous solution (pH 2.0) was used as the acidic aqueous solution.
- Table 1 the evaluation results showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 70 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was held was 1.1 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 7 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane [CF 3 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] was used as the water repellent compound.
- Table 1 the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 68 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was held was 1.2 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 8 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane [C 6 F 13 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] was used as the water repellent compound.
- Table 1 the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 74 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was retained was 0.9 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed.
- the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 9 Hexyltrimethoxysilane [C 6 H 13 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] and tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane [C 6 F 13 C 2 H 4 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] in a mass ratio of 50:
- the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 76 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency.
- the capillary force when water was held was 0.8 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 10 After immersing the silicon wafer in cleaning solution B in “(3) Surface treatment of silicon wafer surface with cleaning solution B” above, the silicon wafer is immersed in 2-propanol for 1 min, then immersed in pure water for 1 min, and finally silicon The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the wafer was taken out of pure water and air was blown to remove the surface moisture to obtain a surface-treated wafer. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 66 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Further, the capillary force when water was held was 1.3 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 11 After immersing the silicon wafer in cleaning liquid B in “(3) Surface treatment with cleaning liquid B on the surface of silicon wafer” above, the silicon wafer is immersed in 2-propanol for 1 min, and finally the silicon wafer is taken out of 2-propanol and air Was sprayed to remove the 2-propanol on the surface to obtain a surface-treated wafer.
- Table 1 the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 66 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Further, the capillary force when water was held was 1.3 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small. Moreover, the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 12 After the silicon wafer was taken out from the cleaning liquid B in the above “(3) Surface treatment with the cleaning liquid B on the surface of the silicon wafer”, the surface cleaning liquid B was removed by blowing air. Next, the silicon wafer is dipped in 2-propanol for 1 min, then dipped in pure water for 1 min, and finally the silicon wafer is taken out from the pure water and blown with air to remove the surface moisture and surface-treat the wafer. All were the same as Example 1 except that they were obtained. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 68 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Moreover, the capillary force when water was held was 1.2 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 13 After the silicon wafer was taken out from the cleaning liquid B in the above “(3) Surface treatment with the cleaning liquid B on the surface of the silicon wafer”, the surface cleaning liquid B was removed by blowing air. Next, all steps were performed except that the silicon wafer was dipped in 2-propanol for 1 min, and finally the silicon wafer was taken out of 2-propanol and air was blown to remove the surface 2-propanol and obtain a surface-treated wafer. Same as Example 1. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 68 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Moreover, the capillary force when water was held was 1.2 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 14 After the silicon wafer was taken out from the cleaning liquid B in the above “(3) Surface treatment with the cleaning liquid B on the surface of the silicon wafer”, the surface cleaning liquid B was removed by blowing air. Next, the silicon wafer was immersed in pure water for 1 min. Finally, the silicon wafer was taken out from the pure water, and air was blown to remove the surface moisture to obtain a surface-treated wafer. It was. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 68 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Moreover, the capillary force when water was held was 1.2 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small.
- the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 15 All except that after the silicon wafer was taken out of the cleaning liquid B in “(3) Surface treatment of the silicon wafer surface with the cleaning liquid B”, air was blown to remove the surface cleaning liquid B to obtain a surface-treated wafer. Same as Example 1. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation result showed that the contact angle after the surface treatment was 68 °, indicating the effect of imparting water repellency. Moreover, the capillary force when water was held was 1.2 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was small. Moreover, the contact angle after UV irradiation was less than 10 °, and the water-repellent surface state could be removed. Furthermore, the Ra value of the wafer after UV irradiation was less than 0.5 nm, and it was confirmed that the wafer was not eroded during cleaning, and that no residue of the cleaning liquid B remained after UV irradiation.
- Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the cleaning liquid B was not applied to the silicon wafer. That is, in this comparative example, a silicon wafer that was not in a water-repellent surface state was evaluated. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation results showed that the contact angle of the wafer was as low as 3 °. Moreover, the capillary force when water was held was 3.2 MN / m 2 , and the capillary force was large.
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Abstract
Description
P=2×γ×cosθ/S(γ:表面張力、θ:接触角、S:パターン寸法)
前記洗浄液Aは水系溶液からなり、
洗浄液Bは凹凸パターンの凹部を撥水化するものであり、
前記洗浄液Bは、シリコンウェハのSiと化学的に結合可能なユニットを生じせしめる加水分解性部位、疎水性基を含む撥水性化合物とアルコール溶媒を含むアルコール溶液、および、水または酸性水溶液が混合されてなるものであり、該撥水性化合物は、洗浄液Bの総量100質量%中に0.2~20質量%となるように混合されてなる撥水性洗浄液とすることで、洗浄液Bにより撥水化されたシリコンウェハ表面の凹部に水が保持されたと仮定したときの毛細管力を2.1MN/m2以下とせしめるものであることを特徴とする。
シリコンウェハ表面を微細な凹凸パターンを有する面とした後、水系溶液からなる洗浄液Aを当該面に供し、凹部に洗浄液Aを保持する工程、
凹部に保持された洗浄液Aを該洗浄液Aとは異なる洗浄液aで置換する工程、
該凹部表面を撥水化するための洗浄液Bを該凹部に保持する工程、
洗浄剤を除去する工程
を有する。
凹部に保持された洗浄液を乾燥により凹部より除去する工程、
シリコンウェハ表面を光照射、又はシリコンウェハを加熱して該凹部から撥水化された表面状態を除去する工程
を有する。
CmH2m+1SiRsX3-s (m=1~18)と
CnF2n+1CH2CH2SiRtY3-t (n=1~8)と
からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つからなるものとすることが好ましい。ここで、sとtは、0~2の整数であり、Rは、水素原子、または、1価の炭化水素基であり、XおよびYは加水分解性部位である。
凹部に保持された洗浄液を乾燥により凹部より除去する工程
シリコンウェハ表面を光照射又はシリコンウェハを加熱して該凹部から撥水化された表面状態を除去する工程
を有することが好ましい。
P=2×γ×cosθ/S(γ:表面張力、θ:接触角、S:パターン寸法)から明らかなようにパターン倒れは、洗浄液のシリコンウェハ表面への接触角、すなわち液滴の接触角と、洗浄液の表面張力に大きく依存する。凹凸パターン2の凹部4に保持された洗浄液の場合、液滴の接触角と、パターン倒れと等価なものとして考えてよい毛細管力とは相関性があるので、前記式と撥水化された表面状態10の液滴の接触角の評価から毛細管力を導き出してもよい。なお、実施例において、前記洗浄液として、水系洗浄液の代表的なものである水を用いた。
洗浄液Bが供されたシリコンウェハの評価方法として、以下の(1)~(4)の評価を行った。
撥水化されたウェハ表面上に純水約2μlを置き、水滴とウェハ表面とのなす角(接触角)を接触角計(協和界面科学製:CA-X型)で測定した。ここでは撥水化された表面状態の接触角が50~120°の範囲であったものを合格(表中で○と表記)とした。
下式を用いてPを算出し、毛細管力(Pの絶対値)を求めた。
ここで、γは表面張力、θは接触角、Sはパターン寸法を示す。なお、線幅:45nm、アスペクト比:6のパターンでは、ウェハが気液界面を通過するときの洗浄液が水の場合はパターンが倒れやすく、2-プロパノールの場合はパターンが倒れ難い傾向がある。パターン寸法:45(nm)、ウェハ表面:酸化ケイ素の場合、洗浄液が、2-プロパノール(表面張力:22mN/m、酸化ケイ素との接触角:1°)では毛細管力は0.98MN/m2となる。一方、水銀を除く液体の中で表面張力が最も大きい水(表面張力:72mN/m、酸化ケイ素との接触角:2.5°)では毛細管力は3.2MN/m2となる。そこで、中間の2.1MN/m2を目標とし、水が保持されたときの毛細管力が2.1MN/m2以下になれば合格(表中で○と表記)とした。
以下の条件でメタルハライドランプのUV光をサンプルに2時間照射した。照射後に水滴の接触角が30°以下となったものを合格(表中で○と表記)とした。
・照度:下記条件における測定値が128mW/cm2
・測定装置:紫外線強度計(ミノルタ製、UM-10)
・受光部:UM-360
(受光波長:310~400nm、ピーク波長:365±5nm)
・測定モード:放射照度測定
原子間力顕微鏡(セイコ-電子製:SPI3700、2.5μm四方スキャン)によって表面観察し、中心線平均面粗さ:Ra(nm)を求めた。なお、Raは、JIS B 0601で定義されている中心線平均粗さを測定面に対し適用して三次元に拡張したものであり、「基準面から指定面までの偏差の絶対値を平均した値」として次式で算出した。撥水化された表面状態を除去した後のウェハのRa値が1nm以下であれば、洗浄によってウェハ表面が侵食されていない、および、洗浄液Bの残渣がウェハ表面にないとし、合格(表中で○と表記)とした。
(1)洗浄液Bの調製
先ず、撥水性化合物としてヘキシルトリメトキシシラン〔C6H13Si(OCH3)3〕;1.0g、アルコール溶媒として2-プロパノール;96.6gを混合し、約5分間撹拌した。次いで、0.1N硝酸水溶液(pH1.0);2.4gを添加し、約24時間室温で撹拌した。以上の方法により、洗浄液Bの総量に対する撥水性化合物の濃度(以降「撥水性化合物濃度」と記載する)が1.0質量%の洗浄液Bを得た。
平滑な熱酸化膜付きシリコンウェハ(表面に厚さ1μmの熱酸化膜層を有するSiウェハ)を1質量%のフッ酸水溶液に2min浸漬し、次いで純水に1min浸漬した。
上記「(1)洗浄液Bの調製」で調製した洗浄液Bを60℃に加温し、この洗浄液にシリコンウェハを48時間浸漬させた。その後、シリコンウェハを純水に1min浸漬した。最後に、シリコンウェハを純水から取出し、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の水分を除去した。
ヘキシルトリメトキシシランの濃度を3質量%とした以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は76°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は0.8MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
シリコンウェハを洗浄液Bに96時間浸漬させた以外はすべて実施例2と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は88°となり、優れた撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は0.1MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
撥水性化合物にデシルトリメトキシシラン〔C10H21Si(OCH3)3〕を用いた以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。結果、物性は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は70°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.1MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
撥水性化合物にオクタデシルトリメトキシシラン〔C18H37Si(OCH3)3〕を用いた以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は74°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は0.9MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
撥水性化合物にオクタデシルトリメトキシシラン〔C18H37Si(OCH3)3〕を用い、且つ、酸性水溶液に1N酢酸水溶液(pH2.0)を用いた以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は70°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.1MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
撥水性化合物にトリフルオロプロピルトリメトキシシラン〔CF3CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3〕を用いた以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は68°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.2MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
撥水性化合物にトリデカフルオロオクチルトリメトキシシラン〔C6F13CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3〕を用いた以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は74°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は0.9MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
撥水性化合物にヘキシルトリメトキシシラン〔C6H13Si(OCH3)3〕とトリデカフルオロオクチルトリメトキシシラン〔C6F13C2H4Si(OCH3)3〕を質量比で50:50とし、撥水性化合物濃度を3質量%とした以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は76°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は0.8MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
上記「(3)シリコンウェハ表面への洗浄液Bによる表面処理」でシリコンウェハを洗浄液Bに浸漬した後、シリコンウェハを2-プロパノールに1min浸漬し、次いで、純水に1min浸漬し、最後にシリコンウェハを純水から取出し、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の水分を除去して表面処理したウェハを得た以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は66°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.3MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
上記「(3)シリコンウェハ表面への洗浄液Bによる表面処理」でシリコンウェハを洗浄液Bに浸漬した後、シリコンウェハを2-プロパノールに1min浸漬し、最後にシリコンウェハを2-プロパノールから取出し、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の2-プロパノールを除去して表面処理したウェハを得た以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は66°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.3MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
上記「(3)シリコンウェハ表面への洗浄液Bによる表面処理」でシリコンウェハを洗浄液Bから取出した後、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の洗浄液Bを除去した。次に、シリコンウェハを2-プロパノールに1min浸漬し、次いで、純水に1min浸漬し、最後にシリコンウェハを純水から取出し、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の水分を除去して表面処理したウェハを得た以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は68°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.2MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
上記「(3)シリコンウェハ表面への洗浄液Bによる表面処理」でシリコンウェハを洗浄液Bから取出した後、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の洗浄液Bを除去した。次に、シリコンウェハを2-プロパノールに1min浸漬し、最後にシリコンウェハを2-プロパノールから取出し、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の2-プロパノールを除去して表面処理したウェハを得た以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は68°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.2MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
上記「(3)シリコンウェハ表面への洗浄液Bによる表面処理」でシリコンウェハを洗浄液Bから取出した後、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の洗浄液Bを除去した。次に、シリコンウェハを純水に1min浸漬し、最後にシリコンウェハを純水から取出し、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の水分を除去して表面処理したウェハを得た以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は68°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.2MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
上記「(3)シリコンウェハ表面への洗浄液Bによる表面処理」でシリコンウェハを洗浄液Bから取出した後、エアーを吹き付けて、表面の洗浄液Bを除去して表面処理したウェハを得た以外はすべて実施例1と同じとした。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、表面処理後の接触角は68°となり、撥水性付与効果を示した。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は1.2MN/m2であり、毛細管力は小さかった。また、UV照射後の接触角は10°未満であり撥水化された表面状態は除去できた。さらに、UV照射後のウェハのRa値は0.5nm未満であり、洗浄時にウェハは侵食されず、さらにUV照射後に洗浄液Bの残渣は残らないことが確認できた。
シリコンウェハに洗浄液Bを供さなかった以外は、実施例1と同じとした。すなわち、本比較例では、撥水化された表面状態ではないシリコンウェハを評価した。評価結果は表1に示すとおり、ウェハの接触角は3°と低かった。また、水が保持されたときの毛細管力は3.2MN/m2であり、毛細管力は大きかった。
2 シリコンウェハ表面の微細な凹凸パターン
3 パターンの凸部
4 パターンの凹部
5 凹部の幅
6 凸部の高さ
7 凸部の幅
8 凹部4に保持された洗浄液
9 凹部4に保持された水系洗浄液
10 撥水性化合物により撥水化された表面状態
Claims (4)
- 表面に微細な凹凸パターンを有するシリコンウェハ用洗浄剤であり、該洗浄剤は、洗浄液A、洗浄液Bを含み、
前記洗浄液Aは水系溶液からなり、
洗浄液Bは凹凸パターンの凹部を撥水化するものであり、
前記洗浄液BはシリコンウェハのSiと化学的に結合可能なユニットを生じせしめる加水分解性部位、疎水性基を含む撥水性化合物とアルコール溶媒を含むアルコール溶液、および、水または酸性水溶液が混合されてなるものであり、該撥水性化合物は、洗浄液Bの総量100質量%中に0.2~20質量%となるように混合されてなる撥水性洗浄液とすることで、洗浄液Bにより撥水化されたシリコンウェハ表面の凹部に水が保持されたと仮定したときの毛細管力を2.1MN/m2以下とせしめるものであることを特徴とするシリコンウェハの洗浄剤。 - 洗浄液Bにおいて、シリコンウェハのSiと化学的に結合可能なユニットを生じせしめる加水分解性部位と疎水性基を含む撥水性化合物が、
CmH2m+1SiRsX3-s (m=1~18)と
CnF2n+1CH2CH2SiRtY3-t (n=1~8)と
からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシリコンウェハ用洗浄剤。
ここで、前記式中のsとtは、0~2の整数であり、Rは、水素原子、または、1価の炭化水素基であり、XおよびYは加水分解性部位である。 - 表面に微細な凹凸パターンを有するシリコンウェハの洗浄過程中に凹凸パターンの少なくとも凹部を撥水化するための撥水性洗浄液であり、該撥水性洗浄液は、シリコンウェハのSiと化学的に結合可能なユニットを生じせしめる加水分解性部位、疎水性基を含む撥水性化合物と、アルコール溶媒を含むアルコール溶液、および、水または酸性水溶液が混合されてなるものであり、該撥水性化合物は、撥水性洗浄液の総量100質量%中に0.2~20質量%となるように混合されてなるものであることを特徴とするシリコンウェハの洗浄過程中に使用される撥水性洗浄液。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の洗浄剤を用いるシリコンウェハ表面の洗浄方法であり、該方法は、
洗浄液をシリコンウェハ表面から取り除いた後にシリコンウェハ表面を光照射又はシリコンウェハを加熱する工程
を有することを特徴とするシリコンウェハ表面の洗浄方法。
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JP2013258214A (ja) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-26 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co Ltd | リソグラフィー用洗浄液及び配線形成方法 |
US8828144B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2014-09-09 | Central Grass Company, Limited | Process for cleaning wafers |
CN111420948A (zh) * | 2020-04-25 | 2020-07-17 | 重庆三联管道设备有限公司 | 一种金属膨胀节清洗装置 |
WO2022213043A1 (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-10-06 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Method for suppressing collapse of three-dimensional structure |
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US8828144B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2014-09-09 | Central Grass Company, Limited | Process for cleaning wafers |
JP2013258214A (ja) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-26 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co Ltd | リソグラフィー用洗浄液及び配線形成方法 |
US9920286B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2018-03-20 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Cleaning liquid for lithography and method for forming wiring |
CN111420948A (zh) * | 2020-04-25 | 2020-07-17 | 重庆三联管道设备有限公司 | 一种金属膨胀节清洗装置 |
CN111420948B (zh) * | 2020-04-25 | 2022-03-11 | 重庆三联管道设备有限公司 | 一种金属膨胀节清洗装置 |
WO2022213043A1 (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-10-06 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Method for suppressing collapse of three-dimensional structure |
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