WO2010060316A1 - 一种素食型肉味酵母抽提物、其制备方法以及其应用 - Google Patents

一种素食型肉味酵母抽提物、其制备方法以及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010060316A1
WO2010060316A1 PCT/CN2009/073705 CN2009073705W WO2010060316A1 WO 2010060316 A1 WO2010060316 A1 WO 2010060316A1 CN 2009073705 W CN2009073705 W CN 2009073705W WO 2010060316 A1 WO2010060316 A1 WO 2010060316A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
yeast extract
flavor
thermal reaction
vegetarian
dry matter
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PCT/CN2009/073705
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
俞学锋
李知洪
余明华
姚鹃
刘政芳
李库
李沛
唐冠群
Original Assignee
安琪酵母股份有限公司
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Application filed by 安琪酵母股份有限公司 filed Critical 安琪酵母股份有限公司
Publication of WO2010060316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060316A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/26Meat flavours
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/21Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing amino acids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a yeast extract having a meat flavor, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof, and more particularly, to a vegetarian type Meaty yeast extract, its preparation and its application.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Yeast extracts are obtained by degrading proteins in yeast cells into amino acids and polypeptides, degrading nucleic acids into nucleotides, and extracting them from yeast cells together with other active ingredients such as B vitamins, stimulating elements, and the like. It is proposed that the prepared human body can directly absorb the concentrate of the utilization, soluble nutrients and flavor substances.
  • yeast extracts are widely used in the food and beverage industry to adjust the desired flavor, acidity, chew, etc., which may create opportunities to reduce ingredient costs or enhance flavor.
  • the global market for yeast extract is estimated at $1.5 billion.
  • Some food additive companies in Europe, such as DSM, have stood at the forefront of this field, offering two-thirds of the market. Growth in this market remains strong, reflecting the need for natural and effective flavor enhancers.
  • vegetarian food has many benefits in terms of health. Vegetarians can reduce the incidence of vascular disease; vegetarians can reduce kidney load; in principle, vegetarians generally do not eat animal protein. Because it does not eat meat, it can reduce and regulate cholesterol in the body, and does not take too much uric acid due to eating meat, increasing the incidence of kidney failure and kidney stones.
  • a yeast extract is usually used as a main raw material, and hydrolyzed vegetable protein, reducing sugar, vitamins and amino acids are added, and a Maillard reaction is carried out to obtain a product having a unique flavor.
  • the yeast extract has the scent of the broth, but the characteristic flavor is not obvious.
  • the thermal reaction technique according to the method of the present invention can enhance the aroma and mouthfeel of the yeast extract, improve the characteristic aroma and application effect, and can effectively improve the obtained yeast extract product when added to various dishes and flame materials.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the obtained yeast extract does not contain meat components, and has a stronger aroma and mouthfeel, and can be used in vegetarian foods.
  • the present invention solves the above problems in the prior art. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a meat flavored yeast extract for vegetarian use, and more particularly to a yeast extraction method comprising the steps of: (1) extracting yeast And the auxiliary material is added to the reactor and mixed; and (2) the mixture obtained in the step (1) is thermally reacted in the reactor at a pH of 5.0-7.0 at a temperature of 105-135 ° C for 15-60 minutes. .
  • auxiliary materials added are mainly hydrolyzed vegetable protein (HVP), amino acids (glycine, alanine, hemi-methionine), vitamin B1 , reducing sugar (xylose, glucose), taste nucleotide disodium (inosinic acid disodium salt + guanylate disodium salt).
  • HVP hydrolyzed vegetable protein
  • amino acids glycine, alanine, hemi-methionine
  • vitamin B1 reducing sugar
  • xylose, glucose reducing sugar
  • taste nucleotide disodium inosinic acid disodium salt + guanylate disodium salt
  • the content of the yeast extract, the hydrolyzed vegetable protein, the amino acid, the reducing sugar, and the vitamin in the reaction raw material in the step (1) is expressed by mass percentage (wt%) as follows: 60-80 wt%, hydrolyzed vegetable protein 8-15 wt%, xylose 1-2 wt%, glucose l-4 wt%, glycine l-3 wt%, alanine 0.5-2.0 wt%, cysteine Acid 0.3-1.0 wt%, vitamin B1 0.1-0.5 wt%, taste nucleotide disodium (J ⁇ -glycol disodium salt + guanylate disodium salt) 0.5-1.0 wt%, and water 6-20 wt %.
  • the thermal reaction pH in the step (2) is preferably 5.5 to 6.5, the temperature is preferably 115 to 125 ° C, and the thermal reaction time is preferably 30 to 40 minutes.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a yeast extract prepared by thermal reaction. According to the process of the present invention, a brown, viscous paste-like semi-fluid having a characteristic flavor can be obtained, wherein the dry matter content is between 55 and 70 wt%, preferably between 60 and 65, based on the total mass of the product.
  • the wt%, wherein the protein is based on the dry matter mass is greater than 35 wt%, preferably 60-70 wt%.
  • the present invention relates to a method for preparing a yeast extract having a meat flavor by thermal reaction using yeast extracts and excipients, and more particularly, to make yeast extracts and excipients at a certain pH and temperature.
  • a method of preparing a product having a meat flavor by performing a thermal reaction comprising the steps of: (1) adding a yeast extract and an auxiliary material to a reactor and mixing; and (2) obtaining the obtained in the step (1)
  • the mixture is at a pH of 5.0-7.0, 105-135.
  • the reaction is thermally reacted in the reactor at a temperature of C for 15-60 minutes.
  • the auxiliary material to be added is mainly hydrolyzed vegetable protein (HVP), ⁇ acid (glycine, alanine, cysteine), vitamin Bl, reducing sugars (xylose, glucose), nucleotides (dosaltidine disodium salt, guanylate disodium salt).
  • HVP hydrolyzed vegetable protein
  • ⁇ acid glycine, alanine, cysteine
  • vitamin Bl reducing sugars
  • nucleotides diosaltidine disodium salt, guanylate disodium salt.
  • the content of the yeast extract, the hydrolyzed vegetable protein, the amino acid, the reducing sugar, and the vitamin in the reaction raw material in the step (1) is expressed by mass percentage (wt%) as follows: 60-80 wt%, hydrolyzed vegetable protein 8-15 wt%, xylose 1-2 wt%, glucose l-4 wt%, glycine l-3 wt%, alanine 0.5-2.0 wt%, cysteine Acid 0.3-1.0 wt%, vitamin B1 0.1-0.5 wt%, taste nucleotide disodium (J ⁇ -glycol disodium salt + guanylate disodium salt) 0.5-1.0 wt%, and water 6-20 wt %.
  • the thermal reaction pH in the step (2) is preferably 5.5 to 6.5, the temperature is preferably 115 to 125 ° C, and the thermal reaction time is preferably 30 to 40 minutes.
  • the material in step (2), is raised from room temperature to 105-135 in 30-40 minutes. C, after 15 to 60 minutes, preferably 30 minutes, the material is from 105 to 135 in one hour. C drops to 30. Below C; preferably by steam heating, cooling water cooling.
  • the thermal reaction employed in the present invention is a Maillard Reaction.
  • the Maillard reaction is a reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids and is the most important source of food flavor. Free amino acids and reducing sugars in foods are important players in the Maillard reaction.
  • the factors influencing the Maillard reaction are: temperature/time, water activity/moisture content, P H value and reactant composition.
  • the present invention achieves the desired product flavor by controlling the amount of components and reaction conditions involved in the reaction.
  • the taste nucleotide disodium (I + G) is a nucleotide food freshener, which is composed of 5"-J ⁇ -disodium citrate (IM) and 5,--guanosine disodium (GMP).
  • IM 5"-J ⁇ -disodium citrate
  • GMP 5,--guanosine disodium
  • the ratio of 1 : 1 is mixed and can be directly added to the food to enhance the fresh effect.
  • the more economical and best effect of the flavor enhancer is the instant noodle seasoning package.
  • Condiments such as chicken essence, chicken powder and fresh soy sauce are one of the main flavor ingredients; mixed with sodium glutamate (MSG), the amount is about 2% -5% of MSG, known as "strong MSG”.
  • Nucleotide is a component of ribonucleic acid in a fine package. The 5"-monthly acid and 5"-guanylic acid in the nucleotide are widely found in various meats and mushrooms in nature. , a special and strong flavor. Today's science and technology can produce these two substances in high purity through large-scale industrialization for use by convenience food manufacturers.
  • IMP sodium chloride
  • GMP disodium guanylate cartridge
  • the two can be uniformly mixed into a taste nucleotide disodium (“IMP+GMP", the tube is called “I+G”) in a ratio of 1:1.
  • the thermal reaction technology according to the method of the invention can enhance the aroma and mouthfeel of the yeast extract, and when the prepared yeast extract product is added to various vegetarian diets, the mouthfeel of the end product can be effectively improved and enhanced. Flavor, improve nutritional value.
  • Example 1-7 Production of Yeast Extract Example 1 First, 60% by weight of yeast extract, 12% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetable protein,
  • 1.5 wt% xylose, 4 wt% glucose, 3 wt% glycine, 0.8 wt% alanine, 0.9 wt% cysteine, 0.4 wt% vitamin Bl, 0.8 wt% taste core Disodium gluconate, and 16.6 wt% water were mixed in one reactor. The mixture was then allowed to cool rapidly to 30 at 105 ° C, pH 5.0, and after 15 minutes of thermal reaction. Below C, to obtain the final yeast extract product.
  • a yeast extract product having the following characteristics can be obtained: the product can enhance the aroma and mouthfeel of the yeast extract, enhance the characteristic flavor and application effect, and add the obtained yeast extract product to various dishes, When it is in the flame, it can effectively improve the taste of the end product, enhance the flavor, and improve the nutritional value.
  • the advantage is that the obtained yeast extract does not contain meat components, and has a stronger aroma and mouthfeel, and can be used in vegetarian foods.
  • the inventors changed the operating condition parameters and the amounts of the respective raw materials using the above similar operations, and found that the present invention can be basically carried out under the conditions listed below, and the products produced by the preferred conditions have the products of the first embodiment. Basically the same effect. Using the same procedure as above, the operations of Examples 2-6 were carried out in accordance with the process conditions listed in Table 1. Table 1
  • Examples 7-10 Use of Yeast Extract Prepared According to the Method of the Invention in Vegetarian Diet
  • the product prepared by the present invention is added to a vegetarian diet, such as a spicy tofu, in a certain weight ratio.
  • the yeast extracts in amounts of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% obtained in Example 4 were respectively tested in Examples 7-10 shown in Table 2, and the results showed that When the addition amount is 1.0% by weight, the aroma of the product can be enhanced, the mouthfeel of the end product can be effectively improved, the flavor can be enhanced, and the nutritional value of the food can be improved.
  • the test-risk results using the addition amount of the yeast extract in other ratios are shown in Table 2 below.
  • the selection of different categories of people for tasting the vegetarian diet e.g., spicy tofu
  • the vegetarian diet e.g., spicy tofu
  • the yeast extract prepared according to the method of the present invention is considered to have a good meaty taste.
  • Comparative Example 1 The aroma, taste, flavor, and nutritional value of the vegetarian extract without the yeast extract was not added to the yeast extract, such as spicy tofu, the aroma was general, the mouthfeel was slightly, the flavor was insufficient, and the nutritional value was general.
  • the spicy tofu of the yeast extract is weak and weak.
  • the characteristics of the product in terms of aroma, mouthfeel, flavor, and nutritional value are shown in Table 2 below when compared to the spicy tofu of the yeast extract.
  • yeast extract prepared by adding the method according to the present invention to vegetarian food such as spicy tofu can enhance the aroma and mouthfeel of the yeast extract and improve the characteristics as compared with the control sample without the yeast extract. Aroma and application effects, and can enhance nutritional value. Table 2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
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一种素食型肉味酵母抽提物、 其制备方法以及其应用 技术领域 本发明涉及一种具有肉风味的酵母抽提物、 其制备方法以及其应用 , 更 具体而言, 涉及一种素食型肉味酵母抽提物、 其制备方法以及其应用。 背景技术 酵母抽提物是通过将酵母细胞内蛋白质降解成氨基酸和多肽,核酸降解 成核苷酸, 并将它们和其它有效成分, 如 B族维生素、 ^啟量元素等一起从酵 母细胞中抽提出来, 所制得的人体可直接吸收利用、 可溶性营养及风味物质 的浓缩物。 酵母抽提物被广泛应用于餐饮业, 用它可以调节所需的风味、 酸度、 嚼 感等, 可能创造降低配料成本或增强风味的机会。 全球对酵母抽提物市场的 估计为 15亿美元。 欧洲的一些食品添加剂企业, 如 DSM, 已站在了这一领 域的前端, 它们提供了这一市场三分之二的产品。这一市场的增长依然强劲 , 反映了对天然有效的风味增味剂的需求。 研究指出, 人类的消化系统和牛、 马、 羊一样, 比较适合素食。 因为肉 食中的动物脂肪含有大量的饱和脂肪酸, 长期食用容易引起胆固醇过高及心 脏血管方面的疾病, 同时也有致癌的可能性, 而素食可以净化血液、 预防便 秘及痔疮的产生、 养颜美容, 并且安定情绪。 与肉食相比, 素食在养生方面益处多多。 素食可减少血管疾病的发生; 素食可减轻肾脏负荷; 原则上, 吃素泛指不吃动物性蛋白质。 由于不吃肉, 因此可降低并调节体内胆固醇, 并且不会因吃肉类而摄进过高的尿酸, 增高 肾衰竭及肾结石的发生率。 现有技术中通常以酵母抽提物为主要原料,添加水解植物蛋白、还原糖、 维生素和氨基酸, 进行美拉德反应, 获得具有独特风味的产品。 酵母抽提物具有肉汤的香味, 但是特征风味不明显。 美国、 日本、 德国 等国进行过肉香味风味料的热反应研究, 但这些国家目前尚没有特征风味明 显的酵母抽提物相关产品的研究报道。 我国已经有相关的肉香味风味料的研 究, 但在这些风味料的组成中均含有肉类成分, 不能用于素食食品中。 根据本发明方法的热反应技术能够增强酵母抽提物的香气和口感,提高 特征香味和应用效果, 将所得到的酵母抽提物产品添加到各种菜肴、 焰料中 时, 可以有效地改善终端产品的口感、 增强风味, 提高营养价值。 本发明的 优点在于获得的酵母抽提物不含有肉类成分,同时具有更强烈的香气和口感 , 可用于素食食品中。 发明内容 本发明解决了现有技术中的上述问题。本发明的一个目的是提供一种制 备用于素食的具有肉风味的酵母抽提物的方法, 更具体而言, 涉及使酵母抽 法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: ( 1 ) 将酵母抽提物和辅料加入到反应器中并混 合; 以及 ( 2 ) 使步骤( 1 ) 中所得的混合物在反应器中在 5.0-7.0的 pH下、 105-135°C的温度下热反应 15-60分钟。 根据本发明的酵母抽提物的制备方法, 其中在步骤 ( 1 ) 中, 所添加的 辅料主要是水解植物蛋白 (HVP )、 氨基酸类(甘氨酸、 丙氨酸、 半月光氨酸)、 维生素 Bl、 还原糖类 (木糖、 葡萄糖)、 呈味核苷酸二钠 (肌苷酸二钠盐 + 鸟苷酸二钠盐)。 在本发明的具体实施方式中, 在步骤( 1 ) 中的反应原料酵母抽提物、 水解植物蛋白、氨基酸、还原糖类以及维生素类的含量按质量百分比计( wt% ) 如下: 酵母抽提物 60-80 wt%、 水解植物蛋白 8-15 wt%、 木糖 1-2 wt%、 葡 萄糖 l-4 wt%、 甘氨酸 l-3 wt%、 丙氨酸 0.5-2.0 wt%、 半胱氨酸 0.3-1.0 wt%、 维生素 B1 0.1-0.5 wt%、 呈味核苷酸二钠 ( J ^苷酸二钠盐 +鸟苷酸二钠盐) 0.5- 1.0 wt%、 以及水 6-20 wt%。 在本发明的具体实施方式中, 步骤(2 ) 中的热反应 pH优选为 5.5-6.5、 温度优选为 115-125°C, 而热反应时间优选为 30-40分钟。本发明的另一个目 的是提供一种通过热反应制备的酵母抽提物。 采用才艮据本发明的方法能够制得棕褐色的具有特征风味的粘稠膏状半 流体, 其中以产品总质量为基, 干物质含量在 55-70 wt%之间、 优选为 60-65 wt%, 其中蛋白质以干物质质量为基的含量大于 35 wt%、优选为 60-70 wt%。 具体实施方式 本发明涉及一种利用酵母抽提物和辅料通过热反应来制备具有肉风味 的酵母抽提物的方法, 更具体而言, 涉及使酵母抽提物和辅料在一定 pH和 温度下进行热反应而制备具有肉类风味的产品的方法, 所述方法包括以下步 骤: ( 1 )将酵母抽提物和辅料加入到反应器中并混合; 以及(2 )使步骤( 1 ) 中所得的混合物在 5.0-7.0的 pH下、 105-135。C的温度下在反应器中热反应 15-60分钟。 根据本发明的酵母抽提物的制备方法, 其中在步骤 ( 1 ) 中, 所添加的 辅料主要是水解植物蛋白 (HVP )、 ^^酸(甘氨酸、 丙氨酸、 半胱氨酸)、 维生素 Bl、 还原糖类 (木糖、 葡萄糖)、 核苷酸(月凡苷酸二钠盐、 鸟苷酸二 钠盐)。 在本发明的具体实施方式中, 在步骤 ( 1 ) 中的反应原料酵母抽提物、 水解植物蛋白、氨基酸、还原糖类以及维生素类的含量按质量百分比计( wt% ) 如下: 酵母抽提物 60-80 wt%、 水解植物蛋白 8-15 wt%、 木糖 1-2 wt%、 葡 萄糖 l-4 wt%、 甘氨酸 l-3 wt%、 丙氨酸 0.5-2.0 wt%、 半胱氨酸 0.3-1.0 wt%、 维生素 B1 0.1-0.5 wt%、 呈味核苷酸二钠 ( J ^苷酸二钠盐 +鸟苷酸二钠盐) 0.5- 1.0 wt%、 以及水 6-20 wt%。 在本发明的具体实施方式中, 步骤(2 ) 中的热反应 pH优选为 5.5-6.5、 温度优选为 115-125°C, 而热反应时间优选为 30-40分钟。 在本发明的具体实施方式中, 在步骤(2 ) 中, 在 30-40分钟内将物料 由室温升至 105-135。C, 保持 15-60分钟、 优选为 30分钟后, 在 1小时内将 物料由 105-135。C降至 30。C以下; 优选采用蒸汽加热, 冷却水冷却。 本发明采用的热反应是一种美拉德反应 ( Maillard Reaction )。 美拉德反 应是在还原糖与氨基酸之间进行的反应 , 是食品风味的最主要的来源。 食品 中的游离氨基酸和还原糖是美拉德反应的重要参与者。 美拉德反应的影响因 素有: 温度 /时间、 水分活度 /水分含量、 PH值和反应物组成等。 本发明通过 控制参与反应的组分含量和反应条件 , 达到预期的产品风味。 呈味核苷酸二钠 (I + G )是核苷酸类食品增鲜剂, 其由 5"-J ^苷酸二钠 ( IMP )和 5,,-鸟苷酸二钠( GMP )按 1 : 1的比例混合而成, 可直接加入到食 品中, 起增鲜作用。 较为经济且效果最好的鲜味增强剂, 是方便面调味包、 调味品如鸡精、 鸡粉和增鲜酱油等主要呈味成份之一; 与谷氨酸钠 (味精) 混合使用, 其用量约为味精的 2%-5%, 有"强力味精"之称。 核苷酸是细包中核糖核酸的组成成分,核苷酸中 5"-月凡苷酸和 5"-鸟苷酸 这两种物质广泛存在于自然界的各种肉类和菇类等食品中, 呈特殊而强烈的 鲜味。 现在的科学技术能够通过大规模工业化将这两种物质以很高的纯度生 产出来以供方便食品厂商使用。 这两种核苷酸以其钠氯化钠的形式生产, 5,,- 肌苷酸二钠筒称 "IMP" , 5,,-鸟苷酸二钠筒称 "GMP,,。 在本发明中, 可以将 两者按 1 : 1的比例均匀混合成呈味核苷酸二钠( "IMP+GMP" , 筒称 "I+G" )。 采用才艮据本发明的方法能够制得棕褐色的具有特征风味的粘稠膏状半 流体, 其中以产品总质量为基, 干物质含量在 55-70 wt%之间、 优选为 60-65 wt%, 其中蛋白质以干物质质量为基的含量大于 35 wt%、优选为 60-70 wt%。 而且, 在步骤 (1 ) 中的原料维生素 B1 可以采用其他维生素代替, 并 且均能获得与本发明的产品相同的技术效果。 本发明的优点在于:根据本发明方法的热反应技术能够增强酵母抽提物 的香气和口感, 当将所制得的酵母抽提物产品添加到各种素食中时, 可以有 效地改善终端产品的口感、 增强风味, 提高营养价值。 实施例
实施例 1-7 酵母抽提物的生产 实施例 1 首先, 使按质量百分比计 60%的酵母抽提物、 12 wt%的水解植物蛋白、
1.5 wt%的木糖、 4 wt%的葡萄糖、 3 wt%的甘氨酸、 0.8 wt%的丙氨酸、 0.9 wt% 的半胱氨酸、 0.4 wt%的维生素 Bl、 0.8 wt%的呈味核苷酸二钠、以及 16.6 wt% 的水在一个反应器中混合。 随后使混合物在 105°C, pH为 5.0下, 热反应 15 分钟后快速降温到 30。C以下, 以得到最终的酵母抽提物产品。 据此, 可以得到具有以下特征的酵母抽提物产品: 该产品能够增强酵母 抽提物的香气和口感, 提高特征香味和应用效果, 将所得到的酵母抽提物产 品添加到各种菜肴、 焰料中时, 可以有效地改善终端产品的口感、 增强风味, 提高营养价值。 其优点在于获得的酵母抽提物不含有肉类成分, 同时具有更 强烈的香气和口感, 可用于素食食品中。 发明人采用上面相似的操作 , 对操作条件参数和各原料的用量进行变 化, 发现采用以下所列出的条件基本能够实施本发明, 采用优选的条件所制 出的产品具有与实施例 1的产品基本相同的效果。 采用上述相同的步骤, 按照表 1 中所列出的工艺条件, 进行实施例 2-6 的操作。 表 1
Figure imgf000006_0001
实施例 7-10 根据本发明的方法制备的酵母抽提物在素食中的应用 将本发明所制备的产品以一定的重量比添加到素食, 如麻辣豆腐干中。 在表 2所示的实施例 7-10中分别采用了实施例 4中获得的按重量计为 0.5%、 1.0%、 1.5%和 2.0%的量的酵母抽提物进行了试验, 结果表明当采用按重量 计为 1.0%的添加量时, 能够增强产品的香气、 有效地改善终端产品的口感、 增强风味, 提高食品的营养价值等。 采用其它比例的酵母抽提物的添加量的 试 -险结果示于以下表 2中。 此外 ,选取不同类别的人群对添加根据本发明的方法制备的酵母抽提物 的素食(如, 麻辣豆腐干) 进行品尝, 均认为具有良好的肉味。 比较实施例 1 未加入酵母抽提物的素食的香气、 口感、风味、 以及营 养价值 未加入酵母抽提物的素食如麻辣豆腐干, 香气一般, 稍有涩口感, 风味 不足, 营养价值一般。 力口入酵母抽提物的麻辣豆腐干与未力。入酵母抽提物的麻辣豆腐干相比 , 产品在香气、 口感、 风味、 以及营养价值等方面的特征示于以下表 2中。 通过试验可知,在素食如麻辣豆腐干中加入根据本发明的方法所制备的 酵母抽提物与未加酵母抽提物的对照样品相比, 能够增强酵母抽提物的香气 和口感, 提高特征香味和应用效果, 并且能提高营养价值。 表 2
Figure imgf000007_0001
虽然已经通过具体实施例描述和说明了本发明 , 但应当理解 , 对本领域 技术人员来说, 在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下, 可以对本发明进行 各种修改和等同替换。 因此,本发明不限于已经在本文中描述的具体实施例。 更确切地, 本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求书限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种制备具有肉风味的酵母抽提物的方法, 包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 使酵母抽提物、 辅料以及水在反应器中混合 , 其中所述辅 料包括水解植物蛋白、 氨基酸类、 还原糖类、 呈味核苷酸二钠以及维 生素 B1 ; 以及
( 2 )使步骤( 1 )中所得的混合物在 5.0-7.0的 pH下、 105-135。C 的温度下热反应 15-60分 4中。
2. 根据权利要求 1的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述步骤( 1 ) 中的反应原料 酵母抽提物、 水解植物蛋白、 氨基酸类、 还原糖类、 呈味核苷酸二钠、 维生素 B1 以及水的含量按质量百分比计如下: 酵母抽提物为 60-80 wt%、 水解植物蛋白为 8-15 wt%、木糖为 l-2 wt%、 葡萄糖为 l-4 wt%、 甘氨酸为 1-3 wt%、 丙氨酸为 0.5-2.0 wt%、 半胱氨酸为 0.3-1.0 wt%、 呈味核苷酸二钠为 0.5-1.0 wt%、 维生素 B1为 0.1-0.5 wt%、 以及水为 6-20 wt%。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述热反应是在 pH 5.5-6.5 下进行的。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述热反应是在 115-125。C 的温度下进行的。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述热反应的时间为 30-40 分钟。
6. 一种根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的方法制备的酵母抽提物。
7. 才艮据权利要求 6所述的酵母抽提物, 其特征在于, 以产品总质量为基, 干物质含量在 55-70 wt%之间,其中蛋白质以干物质质量为基的含量大 于 35 wt%
8. 才艮据权利要求 7所述的酵母抽提物, 其特征在于, 以产品总质量为基, 所述干物质含量为 60-65 wt%。
. 根据权利要求 7的所述的酵母抽提物, 其特征在于, 所述蛋白质以干 物质质量为基的含量为 60-70 wt%。
10. 根据权利要求 1-5 中任一项所述的方法获得的酵母抽提物在制备具有 肉风味的素食食品中的应用。
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