WO2010058710A1 - プレス機械のダイクッション装置 - Google Patents
プレス機械のダイクッション装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010058710A1 WO2010058710A1 PCT/JP2009/069036 JP2009069036W WO2010058710A1 WO 2010058710 A1 WO2010058710 A1 WO 2010058710A1 JP 2009069036 W JP2009069036 W JP 2009069036W WO 2010058710 A1 WO2010058710 A1 WO 2010058710A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- die cushion
- pressure
- slide
- press machine
- hydraulic cylinder
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
- B21D24/02—Die-cushions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
- B21D24/10—Devices controlling or operating blank holders independently, or in conjunction with dies
- B21D24/14—Devices controlling or operating blank holders independently, or in conjunction with dies pneumatically or hydraulically
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a die cushion device for a press machine, and more particularly, to a die cushion device for a press machine that can cope with a higher speed of the press machine and can be reduced in size and cost.
- This die cushion device generates a required die cushion pressure by providing a proportional valve on the lower chamber side of the hydraulic cylinder that supports the cushion pad, and controlling the degree of opening of the proportional valve to an appropriate degree of opening. is there.
- the die cushion pressure can be controlled by using a proportional valve, etc., and can be transformed as necessary, and because it can be used at relatively high pressures, the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to promote downsizing of the apparatus such as pitless.
- the discharge port of the hydraulic pump / motor is directly connected to the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder that supports the cushion pad, and the electric motor connected to the rotary shaft of the hydraulic pump / motor is torque controlled.
- the pressure in the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (die cushion pressure) can be arbitrarily controlled.
- This die cushion device has the advantage that the energy required for the die cushion action received by the cushion pad during the die cushion action of the press machine is regenerated as electric energy via the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic pump / motor and the electric motor, and is energy efficient. There is. Further, even if the slide speed is low, the die cushion pressure can be controlled well, and there is an advantage that the pressure controllability is better than that of the hydraulic (servo) type die cushion device.
- the disadvantage is that a large-capacity electric motor that can cover all the work required for the die cushion action at the same time as the die cushion action is required. If the capacity of the electric motor is increased, the size of the apparatus is increased and the power receiving equipment is also increased in capacity, which inevitably increases the complexity and cost of the system. Therefore, the electric servo die cushion device is inefficient in terms of capital investment even though it is energy efficient.
- the present invention is to consolidate many advantages by overcoming and eliminating the disadvantages of the hydraulic servo-type die cushion device described in Patent Document 1 that controls throttle with a proportional valve and the electric servo-type disclosed in Patent Document 2. .
- the object of the present invention is to improve the controllability of the die cushion pressure regardless of the slide speed without the action of surge pressure, and also to improve the energy efficiency with the energy regeneration function and to reduce the size of the apparatus.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a die cushion device for a press machine that can realize a reduction in price.
- a die cushion device for a press machine includes a hydraulic cylinder that supports a cushion pad and generates a die cushion pressure when the slide of the press machine is lowered, and the liquid A proportional valve and a hydraulic pump / motor connected in parallel between the lower chamber of the pressure cylinder and the low pressure source, an electric motor connected to the rotary shaft of the hydraulic pump / motor, and a preset die A die cushion pressure commander that outputs a cushion pressure command, a pressure detector that detects a pressure in a lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, a die cushion based on the die cushion pressure command and the pressure detected by the pressure detector.
- the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a hydraulic servo-type control function that performs throttle control with a proportional valve and an electric servo-type control function that uses a hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric motor).
- a hydraulic servo-type control function that performs throttle control with a proportional valve and an electric servo-type control function that uses a hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric motor).
- the die cushion pressure becomes a pressure corresponding to the die cushion pressure command.
- the amount of liquid pushed away from the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder during the die cushion action can be discharged to the low pressure source side via the proportional valve and the hydraulic pump / motor.
- the capacity of the electric motor can be reduced as compared with the case where the die cushion pressure is controlled alone, and as a result, the apparatus can be reduced in size and price.
- the amount of liquid discharged from the proportional valve is the same installation space (equipment of the device) with respect to the liquid displacement of the hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric motor).
- the size is also several times larger (3 to 10 times).
- the energy required for the die cushion action received by the hydraulic cylinder during the die cushion action of the press machine is: It has the regeneration part which regenerates as electric energy via the hydraulic pump / motor and the electric motor.
- energy efficiency can be improved as compared with a hydraulic servo type (proportional valve alone) in which all energy consumed for the die cushion action is converted into heat.
- the hydraulic servo type device For high-speed press operation, the hydraulic servo type device is smaller and the price (initial cost) is lower. However, if the die cushion device is configured with only the hydraulic servo type, energy is lost due to the pressure loss of the proportional valve. Inefficiency, heat generation, and results in increased running costs. From this viewpoint of energy efficiency, an electric servo system using a hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric motor) is used in combination to regenerate the energy required for the die cushion action as electric energy, thereby improving energy efficiency. .
- a die cushion device for a press machine according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, further comprising slide speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the slide, wherein the controller includes the controller Based on the speed detected by the slide speed detecting means, when the die cushion of the press machine operates, the proportional valve is controlled when the speed is greater than a certain value, and the pressure fluid that is pushed away from the hydraulic cylinder is controlled. The part is opened to the low pressure source through the proportional valve.
- various means can be adopted as the slide speed detecting means.
- a means for directly detecting the slide speed by a sensor can be adopted, or the angular speed of the crankshaft for moving the slide is detected by an angular speed detector and calculated based on the detected angular speed signal.
- the die cushion device can be operated only by the electric servo system using a hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric motor) in accordance with the case where the slide speed is larger than a certain value during the die cushion action (very short high speed period). If configured, it will probably lead to an increase in price and an increase in equipment (excess specifications). Therefore, in addition to the hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric servo motor) that operates in the majority of molding, a die-cushion device is used in combination with a hydraulic servo type that controls the opening of the proportional valve according to an extremely short high-speed period. As a result, relatively high efficiency and high speed can be achieved with a small space and low price.
- the controller includes the die cushion pressure command, a pressure detected by the pressure detector, Based on the speed detected by the slide speed detecting means, the opening degree of the proportional valve is controlled during the die cushion action of the press machine.
- a slide speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the slide, and the hydraulic pump /
- An angular velocity detector that detects an angular velocity of the motor or the electric motor
- the controller includes the die cushion pressure command, the pressure detected by the pressure detector, and the velocity detected by the slide velocity detecting means. Based on the angular velocity detected by the angular velocity detector, controlling the torque of the electric motor so that the die cushion pressure becomes a pressure corresponding to the die cushion pressure command when the die cushion of the press machine operates. It is a feature.
- the die cushion device in the die cushion device for a press machine according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, includes a slide position detector that detects the position of the slide.
- the pressure command device outputs a die cushion pressure command based on the slide position detected by the slide position detector.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is the die cushion device for a press machine according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, comprising a die cushion position detector for detecting the position of the cushion pad,
- the controller uses the die cushion position signal detected by the die cushion position detector as a position feedback signal when the hydraulic cylinder is moved up and down during a product knockout operation or independently for controlling the electric motor. It is a feature.
- the position of the hydraulic cylinder (cushion pad) can be controlled and the ascending operation (product knockout operation) can be performed during a period other than the press working (during the die cushion operation).
- the knockout operation refers to an operation of removing the product from the mold.
- An eighth aspect of the present invention is the die cushion device for a press machine according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, wherein a plurality of the hydraulic cylinders are arranged in parallel with respect to the cushion pad.
- the proportional valve and the hydraulic pump / motor are connected to a lower chamber of each hydraulic cylinder via a common pipe.
- the hydraulic pump / motor branches from a lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. It consists of a plurality of hydraulic pumps / motors to which pressure fluid is supplied via piping, and the electric motor is connected to the plurality of hydraulic pumps / motors, respectively, and consists of a plurality of electric motors that are torque controlled respectively. It is characterized by that. Thereby, even if it is a large sized press machine, a general purpose thing with comparatively small capacity can be used as one hydraulic pump / motor and an electric motor.
- the proportional valve is connected to a lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder via a branch pipe. It is characterized by comprising a plurality of proportional valves which are respectively supplied with pressurized liquid and whose opening degree is controlled.
- An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the die cushion device for a press machine according to any one of the first to third, sixth, ninth and tenth aspects of the present invention, wherein the hydraulic cylinder, the proportional valve, the liquid A plurality of pressure pumps / motors, the electric motor, and the pressure detector are provided for one cushion pad.
- a die cushion device can be configured by a plurality of parallel devices, and the capacity of each device (proportional valve, hydraulic motor, electric motor, etc.) can be reduced, or each system can be pressure controlled independently. You can do it.
- a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the die cushion device for a press machine according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, comprising a slide speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the slide, wherein the controller is configured to provide the die cushion pressure. Based on the command, the pressure detected by the pressure detector, and the speed detected by the slide speed detecting means, the opening degree of the proportional valve for each hydraulic cylinder is controlled during the die cushion action of the press machine. It is characterized by doing.
- a slide speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the slide and the hydraulic pump / motor or
- a plurality of angular velocity detectors for detecting respective angular velocities of the electric motor
- the controller detects the die cushion pressure command, the velocity detected by the slide velocity detecting means, and the plurality of pressure detectors.
- the die cushion pressures in the plurality of hydraulic cylinders are converted into the die cushion pressure command during the die cushion action of the press machine.
- the torque of each of the plurality of electric motors is controlled so that the pressure corresponds to It is characterized by a door.
- the die cushion position detector for detecting the position of the cushion pad is set to each hydraulic pressure.
- a plurality of cylinders are provided corresponding to the cylinders, and the controller moves the hydraulic cylinders up and down individually during product knockout operation or individually for each die cushion position signal detected by the plurality of die cushion position detectors.
- Each position feedback signal is used for controlling an electric motor that drives each corresponding hydraulic cylinder.
- a plurality of hydraulic cylinders can be individually controlled, so that even when an eccentric load is applied to the cushion pad, a die cushion pressure corresponding to the eccentric load is generated.
- the position of the cushion pad can be controlled in parallel regardless of the load at the time of product knockout or single lift.
- a hydraulic servo proportional valve and an electric servo hydraulic pump / motor (+ electric motor) are provided between the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder that generates the die cushion pressure and the low pressure source.
- the die cushion pressure becomes a pressure corresponding to the die cushion pressure command.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a die cushion device including a controller and a power regeneration unit.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing details of the controller of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing changes in each physical quantity associated with the die cushion pressure action when the slide of the press machine is subjected to one cycle as a basic action example of the present invention. The position, speed, and load (pressure) are shown in FIG. It is a waveform diagram.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a die cushion
- FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing the change in the oil amount accompanying the die cushion pressure action when the slide of the press machine is subjected to one cycle as a basic action example of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a controller of the die cushion device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit 50 surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- the press machine shown in FIG. 1 includes a frame (column) 100, a slide 101, a bolster (bed) 102, and the like.
- the slide 101 is guided by a guide portion provided on the frame 100 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. .
- the slide 101 is moved up and down in FIG. 1 by a crank mechanism including a crankshaft 103 to which a rotational driving force is transmitted by a driving means (not shown).
- a slide position detector 25 that detects the position of the slide 101 is provided on the bolster 102 side of the press machine, and an angular velocity detector 24 that detects an angular velocity of the crankshaft 103 is provided on the crankshaft 103.
- the upper mold 201 is mounted on the slide 101, and the lower mold 202 is mounted on the bolster 102.
- the molds (upper mold 201 and lower mold 202) in this example are for molding a hollow cup-shaped (drawer-shaped) product 301 closed on top.
- the lower side is supported by the cushion pad 2 via a plurality of cushion pins 1, and the material is set (contacted) on the upper side.
- the cushion pad 2 is supported by a hydraulic cylinder 3, and a die cushion position detector 23 for detecting the position of the cushion pad 2 is installed on the cushion pad 2 (or a portion interlocked with the hydraulic cylinder / piston).
- the slide 101 descends in a state where the material (circular plate in this example) is set on the presser foot holding plate 203 supported by the cushion pin 1 and waiting at a predetermined initial position.
- the material circular plate in this example
- the product is pressed (drawing).
- the material is plastically processed between the upper mold 201 and the lower mold 202 and, at the same time, cushioned with a necessary setting force in order to suppress wrinkles and cracks generated in the radial direction of a circular material that is likely to occur during drawing.
- the material is supported while being pressed from below via the pin 1 and the hook pressing plate 203.
- the force at this time is the die cushion pressure and always acts during the drawing process.
- the die cushion device mainly includes a hydraulic cylinder 3 that supports the cushion pad 2, a cushion pressure generation side pressurizing chamber (hereinafter referred to as “lower chamber”) 3 c of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and a low pressure source 6.
- the piston rod 3 a of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the cushion pad 2.
- a pressure detector 21 a for detecting the pressure in the lower chamber 3 c is connected to the pipe connected to the lower chamber 3 c of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and via a forced open drive type check valve 8.
- the proportional valve 10 and the hydraulic pump / motor 4 are connected.
- a safety valve (relief valve) 7 is connected between the lower chamber 3c of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the low pressure source 6.
- the safety valve 7 is used for preventing damage to hydraulic equipment when abnormal pressure occurs (when the die cushion pressure control is impossible and suddenly abnormal pressure occurs).
- the pressure accumulator used for the low pressure source 6 is set to a pressure of about 0.5 to 1 Mpa and plays the role of a tank.
- the pressure of the low pressure source 6 is detected by a pressure detector 21c.
- the pipe connected to the lowering pressure chamber (hereinafter referred to as “upper chamber”) 3 b of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the pressure accumulator 9.
- the pressure of the pressure accumulator 9 is detected by the pressure detector 21b.
- the pressure oil accumulated in the pressure accumulator 9 opens and closes the two-way valve 10a of the proportional valve 10 composed of the two-way valve 10a and the electromagnetic proportional flow control valve 10b via the electromagnetic proportional flow control valve 10b.
- Control (drive) a forced open drive check valve 8 that is used as a pilot pressure to prevent the hydraulic cylinder 3 (cushion pad 2 interlocked with it) from dropping due to its own weight during non-control (non-drive) It is sometimes used as a pilot pressure for forcibly opening, and by further acting constantly on the upper chamber 3b (rod side volume) of the hydraulic cylinder 3, the vertical movement of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is facilitated (only torque operation of the electric motor 5) To be able to do that).
- the proportional valve 10 is provided with a spool position detector 26 for detecting the opening degree of the proportional valve 10, and the angular velocity detector 22 for detecting the angular velocity of the electric motor 5 is provided on the motor shaft of the electric motor 5. Is arranged. Further, between the pressure accumulator 9 and the low pressure source 6, a relief valve 7 'and an electromagnetic direction switching valve (de-pressure valve) 14 are connected, respectively.
- the die cushion pressure by the hydraulic cylinder 3 is controlled by controlling the pressure in the lower chamber 3c of the hydraulic cylinder 3, that is, the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 connected to the lower chamber 3c of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and the hydraulic pump. / Generated by controlling the torque of the motor 4.
- the hydraulic pump / motor 4 While maintaining the die cushion pressure by the proportional valve 10, the oil amount is released (the opening degree is controlled), and at the same time, the hydraulic pump / motor 4 is operated by the hydraulic pump by the die cushion pressure, and is generated in the hydraulic pump / motor 4.
- the rotation shaft torque resists the drive torque of the electric motor 5
- the electric motor 5 is rotated (regenerative action), and the pressure rise is suppressed.
- the die cushion pressure is determined according to the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 and the driving torque of the electric motor 5.
- the die cushion pressure P in order to stably control the die cushion pressure value as set in advance, the die cushion pressure P, the motor angular speed ⁇ , and the cushion pad speed v (or press machine slide speed) generated by being pressed by the press. Is used for compensation for determining the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 and the torque of the electric motor 5. Further, the die cushion position is detected to control the product knockout operation, and the slide position is detected and used to obtain the die cushion action start timing.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a die cushion device including a controller 70 for controlling the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 and the torque of the electric motor 5 and a power regeneration unit 80
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing details of the controller 70.
- the controller 70 includes a die cushion pressure controller 72, a die cushion position controller 74, and a selector 76.
- the die cushion pressure controller 72 is further proportional to the electric motor controller 72a.
- a valve controller 72b is further proportional to the electric motor controller 72a.
- the die cushion pressure command device 60 is preset with a die cushion pressure value corresponding to the position of the slide 101, and the die cushion pressure command device 60 is based on the slide position signal detected by the slide position detector 25.
- the die cushion pressure command is output to the electric motor controller 72a and the proportional valve controller 72b.
- a signal indicating the die cushion position (cushion pad position) is added to the die cushion position commander 62 from the die cushion position detector 23 for use in generating an initial value in position command value generation.
- the cushion position commanding device 62 performs a product knockout operation after the slide 101 reaches the bottom dead center and completes the die cushion pressure control, and also waits the cushion pad 2 at the initial position, Die cushion position command to control position) is output.
- a slide position signal and a motor angular velocity signal are added to the die cushion pressure controller 72 and the die cushion position controller 74 from the slide position detector 25 and the angular velocity detector 22, respectively, and detected by the angular velocity detector 24.
- a slide speed signal of the slide 101 calculated from the angular speed signal of the crankshaft 103 is added.
- an angular velocity signal indicating the angular velocity of the electric motor 5 is applied from the angular velocity detector 22 to the electric motor controller 72a, and the spool position (opening) of the proportional valve 10 is transmitted from the spool position detector 26 to the proportional valve controller 72b.
- a proportional valve opening signal indicating the degree) is added.
- the controller 70 outputs an opening degree command for controlling the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 to the proportional valve 10 based on the various input signals, and sends a torque command for controlling the torque of the electric motor 5 via the servo amplifier 82. And output to the electric motor 5 (see FIG. 3).
- the power of the slide 101 is used to mold / cushion holding plate 203 / cushion pin 1 / cushion pad.
- the pressure oil that is generated in the hydraulic cylinder 3 via 2 and pushed away from the hydraulic cylinder 3 on the other hand causes the hydraulic pump / motor 4 to act as a hydraulic motor to push away and rotate.
- the electric motor controller 72a receives the input die cushion pressure command, the die cushion pressure signal detected by the pressure detector 21a, the slide speed signal detected and calculated by the angular velocity detector 24 of the crankshaft 103, and the electric motor controller 72a.
- the torque of the electric motor 5 is applied to the pressurizing side to generate pressure (die cushion action), and at the same time, the rotating shaft generated in the hydraulic pump / motor 4.
- the electric motor 5 is rotated (regenerative action).
- the electric power generated by the electric motor 5 is regenerated to the AC power supply 30 via a servo amplifier 82 and a servo power supply 84 with a power regeneration function.
- the pressure oil pushed away from the hydraulic cylinder 3 is opened to the low pressure source 6 (tank) via the proportional valve 10 on the other side.
- the proportional valve controller 72b receives the input die cushion pressure command, the die cushion pressure signal detected by the pressure detector 21a, the slide speed signal detected and calculated by the crankshaft angular velocity detector 24, and the spool position detector.
- the opening degree is controlled based on the proportional valve opening degree signal detected at 26, and the die cushion pressure is generated.
- the period during which the die cushion pressure control by the torque control of the electric motor 5 by the electric motor controller 72a and the die cushion pressure control by the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 by the proportional valve controller 72b are performed simultaneously depends on both.
- the electric motor controller 72a and the proportional valve controller 72b respectively adjust the torque of the electric motor 5 and the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 so that the die cushion pressure to be cooperatively controlled becomes the die cushion pressure indicated by the die cushion pressure command. Control.
- the controller 70 is switched from the die cushion pressure control state to the die cushion position (holding) control state.
- the die cushion position controller 74 of the controller 70 receives the die cushion position command input from the die cushion position commander 62, the die cushion position signal of the die cushion position detector 23, and the angular velocity detector.
- the torque command value calculated using the angular velocity signal 22 is output to the electric motor 5 via the selector 76.
- the die cushion position controller 74 stops the die cushion device for a certain period of time after the slide 101 starts to rise, and the slide 101, the product 301, and the die cushion device interfere with each other so that the product 301 is damaged.
- the hydraulic cylinder 3 (cushion pad 2) is raised, the molded product that is in close contact with the lower mold 202 is knocked out, returned to the initial position (standby position), and prepared for the next cycle.
- the proportional valve 10 is not used (opening fully closed state).
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are waveform diagrams showing changes in physical quantities associated with the die cushion pressure action when the slide of the press machine is subjected to one cycle as a basic action example of the present invention.
- the die cushion (the heel pressing plate 203, the cushion pad 2) is in the initial position (FIG. A): Waiting at 200 mm).
- the die cushion position controller 74 of the controller 70 uses a standby die cushion position command, a die cushion position signal of the die cushion position detector 23, a motor angular velocity signal of the angular velocity detector 22, and the like.
- the position (holding) control is performed by outputting the calculated electric motor torque command to the electric motor 5.
- the die cushion device changes from the die cushion position (holding) control state to the die cushion pressure control state.
- the slide speed when the slide position reaches the initial position (150 mm) is about 850 mm / s (FIG. 5B), and the amount of oil pushed away from the hydraulic cylinder 3 Is larger than the displacement of the hydraulic pump / motor 4 + electric motor 5, and therefore, until the slide 101 further descends and the slide speed falls below 500 mm / s (up to about 2.15 s), a proportional valve is used as shown in FIG. 10 and the hydraulic pump / motor 4 are used in parallel, and as shown in FIG. 3, a part of the oil displaced by the hydraulic cylinder 3 is moved to the low pressure side while the die cushion pressure is secured (throttling) with the proportional valve 10. Open and part (remainder) with the electric motor 5 while securing the die cushion pressure (while causing the torque to act against the rotational direction) ), It opens displacement to the low pressure side through the hydraulic pump / motor 5.
- the proportional valve 10 and the electric motor 5 are further configured based on the slide speed (or the speed of the hydraulic cylinder 3), the die cushion pressure command, and the die cushion pressure signal, respectively.
- the electric motor 5 is further controlled based on the motor angular velocity signal.
- the die cushion pressure is controlled while mutually compensating each other.
- the pressure oil is throttled and opened by the proportional valve 10, it can handle an exceptionally large volume with a small size (compact appearance), compared to when it is pushed away by the hydraulic pump / motor 4 and the die cushion pressure control. Even if the slide speed at the start time greatly exceeds (850 mm / s) in this example, the die cushion pressure control can be performed without any problem.
- FIG. 6A shows changes in one cycle of the amount of oil displaced by the hydraulic cylinder 3, the amount of oil passed (released) by the proportional valve 10 (A), and the amount of oil displaced by the hydraulic pump / motor 4 (B).
- FIG. 6B is a waveform diagram, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
- the maximum displacement oil amount (l / min) of the hydraulic pump / motor 4 is about half of the maximum displacement oil amount (l / min) of the hydraulic cylinder 3,
- the difference amount of oil passes through the proportional valve 10.
- the proportional valve 10 is controlled to be opened in advance at the time of impact, and most of the oil amount pushed away from the hydraulic cylinder 3 at the time of impact is discharged from the proportional valve 10.
- the hydraulic pump / motor 4 + electric motor 5 rotation of inertia
- the electric motor 5 generates a die cushion pressure by the hydraulic motor action of the hydraulic pump / motor 4, so that torque is applied in the direction opposite to the rotation direction (power generation action). The energy of time is regenerated to the power source.
- the die cushion pressure control is switched to the die cushion position (holding) control.
- the die cushion position control outputs a torque command calculated using a die cushion position command, a die cushion position signal of the die cushion position detector 23, and the like to the electric motor 5 in the same way as in the initial position standby, and the product knockout and cushion pad 2 Position control for returning the position to the initial position (standby position) is performed (FIG. 5A).
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a hydraulic circuit 52 surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 7 and 8, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the die cushion device of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 mainly uses two hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ instead of the one hydraulic cylinder 3 of the first embodiment. Is different.
- two hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ are arranged in parallel with respect to the cushion pad 2.
- the lower chambers 3 c and 3 c ′ of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ are connected by a common pipe 54, and the upper chambers 3 b and 3 b ′ of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ are connected by a common pipe 56.
- a proportional valve 10 ' is composed of a four-way valve 10a' and an electromagnetic proportional flow control valve 10b '.
- the proportional valve only needs to be opened while reducing the pressure oil from the high pressure side to the low pressure side.
- the two-way valve 10a shown in FIG. The (general) one is a four-way valve 10a ', and since it is produced in large numbers, the pressure oil ports are arranged in parallel (for example, as shown in FIG. P ⁇ B + A ⁇ T).
- the die cushion device according to the second embodiment has different pressures acting on the upper chambers 3b and 3b '(rod side) of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3'.
- the pressure accumulator 9 While the accumulated relatively high pressure is acting, the low pressure of the low pressure source 6 is acting in the second embodiment.
- the press machine according to the second embodiment has a large mass interlocking with the cushion pad 2, so that the power for lowering the cushion pad 2 is covered by gravity. *
- the motive power for lowering the cushion pad 2 is always applied during normal operation, eliminating the need to switch the valve to change the operation between lowering and rising. This is made possible by operating only the torque of the motor 4.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the hydraulic circuit 130 surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- symbol is attached
- the die cushion device includes three hydraulic pumps / motors 4-1 via a branch pipe between the lower chamber 3c of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the low pressure source 6. , 4-2, 4-3 are arranged in parallel, and the electric motors 5-1, 5-2, 5-3 is connected, and angular velocity detectors 22-1, 22-2, and 22-3 are disposed on the rotation shafts of the electric motors 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3, respectively.
- the torque control of the electric motors 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 is performed in the same manner as the torque control of the single electric motor 5 of the first embodiment.
- the capacity of -2 and 5-3 can be reduced to one third of the capacity of the single electric motor 5.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the hydraulic circuit 140 surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- symbol is attached
- a branch pipe is provided between the common pipe 54 connecting the lower chambers 3 c and 3 c ′ of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ and the low pressure source 6.
- the second embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that two proportional valves 10-1 and 10-2 are arranged in parallel.
- each proportional valve 10-1, 10-2 is performed in the same manner as the control of the opening degree of the single proportional valve 10 'of the second embodiment.
- the amount of oil flowing through 10-2 is half that of a single proportional valve 10 '.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of a die cushion device for a press machine according to the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of the hydraulic circuit 150 surrounded by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- symbol is attached
- the die cushion device connects the lower chambers 3c and 3c ′ of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ disposed on the left and right with respect to the cushion pad 2 through a common pipe 54.
- the opening degree of the proportional valve 10 'and the torque of the electric motor 5 are controlled.
- the left and right hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ are individually controlled, and are different from the second embodiment of one system in that they are two systems of left and right die cushion devices.
- a hydraulic pump / motor two hydraulic pumps / motors 4-1L and 4-2L in parallel
- a proportional valve 10L are arranged in parallel between the lower chamber 3c of one hydraulic cylinder 3 and the low pressure source 6.
- a hydraulic pump / motor two hydraulic pumps / motors 4-1R and 4-2R in parallel
- a proportional valve 10R are provided between the lower chamber 3c ′ of the other hydraulic cylinder 3 ′ and the low pressure source 6. They are arranged in parallel.
- Electric motors 5-1L, 5-2L, 5-1R, 5-2R are connected to the rotary shafts of the hydraulic pumps / motors 4-1L, 4-2L, 4-1R, 4-2R, Angular velocity detectors 22-1 L, 22-2 L, 22-1 R, and 22-2 R are disposed on the rotation shafts of the electric motors 5-1 L, 5-2 L, 5-1 R, and 5-2 R, respectively.
- die cushion position detectors 23 and 23 ′ for detecting the left and right positions of the cushion pad 2 are installed corresponding to the left and right hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′, and further below the left and right hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′.
- Pressure detectors 21a and 21a ′ for detecting the pressures in the chambers 3c and 3c ′ are provided.
- the pressures of the left and right hydraulic cylinders 3, 3 ' are controlled by driving the electric motors 5-1L, 5-2L and 5-1R, 5-2R and the proportional valves 10L and 10R for the respective hydraulic cylinders.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a controller of the die cushion device having the above configuration.
- the controller 70 ′ includes a die cushion pressure controller 72 ′, a die cushion position controller 74 ′, and selectors 76-1L, 76-2L, 76-1R, and 76-2R.
- the controller 72 ′ further includes an electric motor controller 72a ′ and a proportional valve controller 72b ′, and has the same configuration as the controller 70 shown in FIG.
- the controller 70 shown in FIG. 4 inputs one motor angular velocity signal, die cushion pressure signal, proportional valve opening signal, and die cushion position signal, respectively, and one electric motor torque command and proportional valve opening command, respectively.
- the controller 70 ′ shown in FIG. 12 has four motor angular velocity signals 1L, 1R, 2L, 2R, two die cushion pressure signals 1 (L), 2 (R). Input two proportional valve opening signals 1 (L) and 2 (R) and two die cushion position signals 1 (L) and 2 (R), and input four electric motors 5-1L and 5-2L.
- Separate electric motor torque commands 1L, 2L1R, and 2R are generated and output for 5-1R and 5-2R, respectively, and individual proportional valve opening commands 1 (L for the two proportional valves 10L and 10R are output. ), 2 (R) is generated and output.
- the die cushion device independently controls the left and right hydraulic cylinders 3 and 3 ′ disposed on the cushion pad 2, for example, even if the cushion pad is long to the left and right, it is parallel. (Moving up and down) can be performed.
- individual devices hydroaulic pump / motor, electric motor, proportional valve, etc. in one system on the left and right can be configured with small devices.
- the hydraulic cylinders disposed on the cushion pad are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be disposed at, for example, two places before and after the cushion pad, or four places before and after the right and left.
- AC power supply 54, 56 ... Common piping, 60 ... Die cushion pressure commander, 62 ... Die cushion position commander , 70, 70 '... controller, 72, 72' ... die cushion pressure controller, 72a, 72a '... electric motor controller, 72b, 72b' ... proportional valve controller, 74, 74 '... die cushion position Controller, 76, 76-1L, 76-2L, 76-1R, 76-2R ... Selector, 80 ... Power regeneration unit, 82 ... Servo amplifier, 84 ... Servo power supply, 100 ... Frame (column), 101 ... Slide , 102 ... Bolster, 201 ... Upper mold, 202 ... Lower mold, 203 ... ⁇ holding plate, 301 ... Product
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Presses And Accessory Devices Thereof (AREA)
- Control Of Presses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
比例弁で絞り制御する油圧サーボ式のダイクッション装置としては、特許文献1に記載のものがある。
電動サーボ式ダイクッション装置としては、特許文献2に記載のものがある。
<一般的な絞り加工に関して>
図1は本発明に係るプレス機械のダイクッション装置の第1の実施の形態を示す構成図であり、図2は図1中の一点鎖線で囲んだ油圧回路50の拡大図である。
プレス加工が開始される時はスライド101が材料(及び皺押さえ板203)に衝突する(衝撃的に当たる)ために、クッションパッド2には衝撃力(油圧シリンダ3ではサージ圧)が発生し易く、衝撃力は所定のダイクッション圧力を上回るため、成形品を破断させたり、金型を破損させたり、機械自身の耐久寿命にも悪影響を及ぼす(ダイクッション装置自体が破損する事故が生じる場合もある。)。
ダイクッション装置は、主として上記クッションパッド2を支持する油圧シリンダ3と、油圧シリンダ3のクッション圧発生側加圧室(以下「下室」と称す)3cと低圧力源6との間にそれぞれ並列に接続された比例弁10及び油圧ポンプ/モータ4と、油圧ポンプ/モータ4の回転軸に接続された電動(サーボ)モータ5と、ダイクッション圧力指令器60(図4参照)と、油圧シリンダ3の下室3cの圧力を検出する圧力検出器21aと、比例弁10の開度及び電動モータ5のトルクを制御する制御器70(図3、図4参照)とから構成されている。
前述した油圧シリンダ3によるダイクッション圧力は、油圧シリンダ3の下室3cの圧力を制御することにより、即ち、油圧シリンダ3の下室3cにそれぞれ接続された比例弁10の開度、及び油圧ポンプ/モータ4のトルクを制御することにより発生する。
油圧シリンダ3のダイクッション圧力発生側体積:V
ダイクッション圧力:P
電動モータ5のトルク:T
電動モータ5の慣性モーメント:I
電動モータ5の粘性抵抗係数:DM
電動モータ5の摩擦トルク:fM
油圧ポンプ/モータ4の押し退け容積:Q
スライド101から油圧シリンダ3のピストンロッド3aに加わる力:F
プレスに押されて発生するクッションパッド速度:v
油圧シリンダ3のピストンロッド+クッションパッドの慣性質量:M
油圧シリンダ3の粘性抵抗係数:DS
油圧シリンダ3の摩擦力:fS
圧油に押されて回転するサーボモータ角速度:ω
作動油の体積弾性係数:K
比例定数:k1、k2
比例弁による開放油量:qv
比例弁指令量:R
比例弁流量係数:Cv
とすると、静的な挙動は(1)及び(2)式で表すことができる。
qv=R・Cv√P ……(2)
T=k2・PQ/(2π) ……(3)
また、動的な挙動は(1)、(2)式に加えて(4)、(5)式で表すことができる。
T-k2・PQ/(2π)=I・dω/dt+DM・ω+fM ……(5)
上記(1)~(5)式が意味するもの、即ち、スライド101からクッションパッド2を介して油圧シリンダ3のピストンロッド3aに伝わった力は、油圧シリンダ3の下室3cを圧縮し、ダイクッション圧力を発生させる。
図3は前記比例弁10の開度及び電動モータ5のトルクを制御する制御器70、及び電力回生部80を含むダイクッション装置の概略図であり、図4は制御器70の詳細を示すブロック図である。
図5及び図6は、本発明の基本的な作用例としてプレス機械のスライドを1サイクルさせた場合のダイクッション圧力作用に伴う各物理量の変化を示した波形図である。
図7は本発明に係るプレス機械のダイクッション装置の第2の実施の形態を示す構成図であり、図8は図7中の一点鎖線で囲んだ油圧回路52の拡大図である。尚、図7及び図8において、図1及び図2に示した第1の実施の形態と共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
図9は本発明に係るプレス機械のダイクッション装置の第3の実施の形態を示す構成図である。図13は図9中の一点鎖線で囲んだ油圧回路130の拡大図である。尚、図1に示した第1の実施の形態と共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
図10は本発明に係るプレス機械のダイクッション装置の第4の実施の形態を示す構成図である。図14は図10中の一点鎖線で囲んだ油圧回路140の拡大図である。尚、図7に示した第2の実施の形態と共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
図11は本発明に係るプレス機械のダイクッション装置の第5の実施の形態を示す構成図である。図15は図11中の一点鎖線で囲んだ油圧回路150の拡大図である。尚、図7に示した第2の実施の形態と共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
この実施の形態では、ダイクッション装置の作動液として油を使用した場合について説明したが、これに限らず、水やその他の液体を使用してもよい。即ち、本願実施例においては、油圧シリンダ、油圧ポンプを使用した形態で説明したが、これらに限定されるものではなく、水やその他の液体を使用した液圧シリンダ、液圧ポンプを本願発明において使用できることは言うまでもない。また、本発明に係るダイクッション装置は、クランクプレスに限らず、機械式プレスを筆頭に、あらゆる種類のプレス機械に適用することができる。
Claims (14)
- クッションパッド(2)を支持し、プレス機械のスライドの下降時にダイクッション圧力を発生させる液圧シリンダ(3)と、
前記液圧シリンダ(3)の下室と低圧力源(6)の間にそれぞれ並列に接続された比例弁(10)及び液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)と、
前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)の回転軸に接続された電動モータ(5)と、
予め設定されたダイクッション圧力指令を出力するダイクッション圧力指令器(60)と、
前記液圧シリンダ(3)の下室の圧力を検出する圧力検出器(21a)と、
前記ダイクッション圧力指令と前記圧力検出器(21a)によって検出された圧力とに基づいてダイクッション圧力が前記ダイクッション圧力指令に対応する圧力になるように前記比例弁(10)の開度及び前記電動モータ(5)のトルクを制御する制御器(70)と、
を備えたことを特徴とするプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記プレス機械のダイクッション作用時に前記液圧シリンダ(3)が受けるダイクッション作用に要したエネルギを、前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)及び電動モータ(5)を介して電気エネルギとして回生する回生部(80)を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。
- 前記スライドの速度を検出するスライド速度検出手段を備え、
前記制御器(70)は、前記スライド速度検出手段により検出された速度に基づいて、前記プレス機械のダイクッション作用時に、前記速度がある一定値より大きい場合に前記比例弁(10)を制御し、前記液圧シリンダ(3)から押し退けられる圧液の一部を、前記比例弁(10)を介して低圧力源(6)に開放することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記制御器(70)は、前記ダイクッション圧力指令と、前記圧力検出器(21a)によって検出された圧力と、前記スライド速度検出手段により検出された速度と、に基づいて、前記プレス機械のダイクッション作用時に、前記比例弁(10)の開度を制御することを特徴とする請求項3に記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。
- 前記スライドの速度を検出するスライド速度検出手段と、前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)あるいは前記電動モータ(5)の角速度を検出する角速度検出器とを備え、
前記制御器(70)は、前記ダイクッション圧力指令と前記圧力検出器(21a)によって検出された圧力と前記スライド速度検出手段により検出された速度と前記角速度検出器により検出された角速度とに基づいて、前記プレス機械のダイクッション作用時に、ダイクッション圧力が前記ダイクッション圧力指令に対応する圧力になるように前記電動モータ(5)のトルクを制御することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記スライドの位置を検出するスライド位置検出器(25)を備え、
前記ダイクッション圧力指令器(60)は、前記スライド位置検出器によって検出されるスライド位置に基づいてダイクッション圧力指令を出力することを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記クッションパッド(2)の位置を検出するダイクッション位置検出器(23)を備え、
前記制御器(70)は、前記ダイクッション位置検出器(23)によって検出されるダイクッション位置信号を、製品ノックアウト動作時又は単独で前記液圧シリンダ(3)を上下動させる場合の位置フィードバック信号として前記電動モータ(5)の制御に用いることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記液圧シリンダ(3)は、前記クッションパッド(2)に対して複数本並列に配設され、前記比例弁(10)と前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)は、各液圧シリンダ(3)の下室に共通配管を介して接続されることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。
- 前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)は、前記液圧シリンダ(3)の下室から分岐配管を介して圧液がそれぞれ供給される複数の液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)からなり、
前記電動モータ(5)は、前記複数の液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)にそれぞれ接続され、それぞれトルク制御される複数の電動モータ(5)からなることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記比例弁(10)は、前記液圧シリンダ(3)の下室から分岐配管を介して圧液がそれぞれ供給され、それぞれ開度が制御される複数の比例弁(10)からなることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。
- 前記液圧シリンダ(3)、前記比例弁(10)、前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)、前記電動モータ(5)及び前記圧力検出器(21a)は、1つの前記クッションパッド(2)に対して複数組設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、6、9、及び10のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。
- 前記スライドの速度を検出するスライド速度検出手段を備え、
前記制御器(70)は、前記ダイクッション圧力指令と前記圧力検出器(21a)によって検出された圧力と前記スライド速度検出手段により検出された速度とに基づいて、前記プレス機械のダイクッション作用時に、各液圧シリンダ(3)毎の比例弁(10)の開度をそれぞれ制御することを特徴とする請求項11に記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記スライドの速度を検出するスライド速度検出手段と、前記液圧ポンプ/モータ(4)あるいは前記電動モータ(5)のそれぞれの角速度を検出する複数の角速度検出器とを備え、
前記制御器(70)は、前記ダイクッション圧力指令と前記スライド速度検出手段により検出された速度と前記複数の圧力検出器(21a)によって検出されたそれぞれの圧力と前記複数の角速度検出器により検出されたそれぞれの角速度とに基づいて、前記プレス機械のダイクッション作用時に、前記複数の液圧シリンダ(3)におけるそれぞれのダイクッション圧力が前記ダイクッション圧力指令に対応する圧力になるように前記複数の電動モータ(5)のそれぞれのトルクを制御することを特徴とする請求項11又は12に記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。 - 前記クッションパッド(2)の位置を検出するダイクッション位置検出器(23)を各液圧シリンダ(3)ごとに備え、
前記制御器(70)は、前記複数のダイクッション位置検出器(23)によって検出されるそれぞれのダイクッション位置信号を、製品ノックアウト動作時又は単独で各液圧シリンダ(3)を上下動させる場合のそれぞれの位置フィードバック信号として、相応するそれぞれの液圧シリンダ(3)を駆動する電動モータ(5)の制御に用いることを特徴とする請求項11から13のいずれかに記載のプレス機械のダイクッション装置。
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EP09827491.3A EP2377629B1 (en) | 2008-11-18 | 2009-11-09 | Die cushion device for press machine |
ES09827491.3T ES2631508T3 (es) | 2008-11-18 | 2009-11-09 | Dispositivo de amortiguación de troquel para una máquina de prensa |
JP2010539202A JP5296806B2 (ja) | 2008-11-18 | 2009-11-09 | プレス機械のダイクッション装置 |
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JP2018140405A (ja) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-09-13 | アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 | ダイクッション装置 |
EP3524419A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-14 | Aida Engineering Ltd. | Press system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20110226141A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
JP5296806B2 (ja) | 2013-09-25 |
CN102215996A (zh) | 2011-10-12 |
US8757056B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
EP2377629B1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
EP2377629A1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
JPWO2010058710A1 (ja) | 2012-04-19 |
CN102215996B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
ES2631508T3 (es) | 2017-08-31 |
EP2377629A4 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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