WO2010025618A1 - 一种有机硅组合物乳液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种有机硅组合物乳液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2010025618A1
WO2010025618A1 PCT/CN2009/000908 CN2009000908W WO2010025618A1 WO 2010025618 A1 WO2010025618 A1 WO 2010025618A1 CN 2009000908 W CN2009000908 W CN 2009000908W WO 2010025618 A1 WO2010025618 A1 WO 2010025618A1
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parts
emulsion
silicone composition
integer
emulsifier
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PCT/CN2009/000908
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French (fr)
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曹治平
吴飞
钟翔
许勇
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南京四新科技应用研究所有限公司
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Priority to US12/733,905 priority Critical patent/US8258192B2/en
Publication of WO2010025618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010025618A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/06Preparatory processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/03Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/03Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
    • C08J3/07Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from polymer solutions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2383/04Polysiloxanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a silicone composition emulsion and a process for the preparation thereof, and more particularly to a method for improving the stability of a high viscosity silicone composition emulsion dispersion, which relates to the preparation of a fine chemical additive, Belongs to the technical field of fine chemical preparations.
  • Silicone dispersions ie emulsions
  • High viscosity silicones are an important component in shampoos.
  • the combination of silica and high viscosity silicones has important applications in sealing, lubrication, insulation, and rust prevention. It also has excellent foam-inhibiting properties in foam control.
  • silicone emulsions There are two main types of silicone emulsions, water-in-oil (W/0) and oil-in-water (o/w).
  • the silicone emulsion used in textiles, cosmetics and other fields is basically 0/W type.
  • the preparation of the 0/W type silicone emulsion is prepared by the following two methods. The first one is formed by a polymerization method, and the silicone monomer is polymerized under the action of a catalyst, an initiator and a surfactant.
  • Such as hydroxy silicone oil emulsion is prepared by mechanical methods, the various components of the preparation of the emulsion, including oil phase components, emulsifiers, water, stabilizers, etc., by heating, mechanical shearing, colloid grinding , homogenizer and other methods are dispersed.
  • the function of the silicone emulsion is related to many properties of the emulsion itself, such as temperature stability, shear resistance, dilution stability and storage stability of the emulsion.
  • Patent US6001887 also introduces some test methods for the stability of the emulsion. In the case of defoamers, if a silicone defoamer emulsion with poor stability is used to eliminate harmful foam on cotton, chemical fiber, etc., it will form "silicon spots" on the cloth, which seriously affects the efficiency of dyeing. And the quality of the final product. Therefore, the stability of the silicone emulsion Qualitative is very important.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found through extensive experimentation that it has been found that the addition of a low molecular weight polysiloxane to such a composition in the dispersion of a high viscosity silicone composition greatly contributes to the preparation of a stable emulsion.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for emulsifying a high viscosity silicone composition which solves the problem that the high viscosity silicone composition is difficult to emulsify and disperse in water.
  • the method for preparing a silicone composition emulsion according to the present invention is a method for dispersing a high viscosity silicone composition in water, characterized in that a low molecular weight polysiloxane is added to the high viscosity silicone composition and Emulsifier component, the method well solves the problem of difficulty in emulsification of the high-viscosity silicone composition, and the viscosity of the high-viscosity silicone described in the method is 100,000 m ⁇ 1, 000, OOOPa ⁇ s.
  • the aforementioned low molecular weight polysiloxane has the following molecular structure:
  • /7 and s are polymerization degrees, an integer of 1 to 1,000, /3 is an integer of 1 to 500, and s is an integer of 1 to 1,000.
  • the values of m, /7 and s ensure that the viscosity of the low molecular weight polysiloxane is 50 to 3, 000 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 100 to 1, OOO mPa ⁇ s.
  • R is a fluorenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and is linear or branched, and includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and tertiary.
  • R is preferably a methyl group for reasons of cost and availability of raw materials.
  • is one of an alkyl group, an amino group-containing hydrocarbon group, a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, and the alkyl group is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, which may be different from R-like; the halogen atom includes fluorine, chlorine, A bromine or iodine atom is preferably a chlorine atom.
  • the ammonia-containing hydrocarbon group includes - NH 2 ,
  • it contains an amino group or a methyl group or a hydroxyl group.
  • the high-viscosity silicone composition is 100 parts by weight based on the usual parts by mass, and the number of parts of the low molecular weight polysiloxane is 5 to 50 parts, preferably 10 to 30 parts.
  • the aforementioned emulsifiers are surfactants, including anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and nonionic surfactants.
  • nonionic surfactants are nonylphenol ethoxylates, octylphenol ethoxylates, lauric acid polyoxyethylene ethers, oleic acid polyoxyethylene ethers, lauryl ethoxylates, cetyl alcohol polyoxyethylenes.
  • anionic surfactants are nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfur Acid salts, mercapto phosphates, and the like.
  • cationic surfactants are mercaptobenzylammonium salts, lauric acid imidazolines, oleoyl imidazolines, hexadecanolamine salts, and the like.
  • amphoteric surfactants are alkyltrimethylammonium caprolactone type, phosphate type amphoteric surfactants.
  • Nonionic surfactants are preferred, and the nonionic surfactants used are mixtures of one or more, preferably a plurality of mixtures.
  • the high viscosity silicone composition is 100 parts by weight based on the usual parts by mass, and the total amount of the emulsifier is selected from 40 to 150 parts, preferably 60 to 110 parts.
  • Thickeners may be added according to the viscosity requirements of the emulsion.
  • the thickeners include polyacrylamide, carbomer, xanthan gum, polyacrylate, cellulose ethers, and the amount of the thickener is adjusted according to the viscosity of the emulsion.
  • fungicides and preservatives such as sodium hypochlorite, potassium sorbate, s-triazine, and kaisong.
  • the preparation method of the emulsion includes "agent in oil method”, “agent in water method” and “primary soap method”, etc., and the present inventors selected “agent in oil method” to prepare water-dispersed emulsion of high viscosity silicone composition.
  • the specific method is as follows:
  • the high-viscosity silicone composition and the low-molecular-weight silicone siloxane are thoroughly mixed for 5 to 60 minutes under strong stirring, so that the high-viscosity silicone composition is sufficiently mixed and infiltrated with the low-molecular-weight silicone siloxane, preferably for 20 to 40 minutes, and then Adding emulsifier, stirring for 5 ⁇ 60min, preferably 15 ⁇ 45min; after completion, raising the temperature of the above system to 55 ⁇ 85 ⁇ , then maintaining the temperature of the system, slowly adding water, increasing the stirring speed to make it from W/0 type
  • the emulsion becomes a 0/W emulsion phase inversion, and the addition of water to the desired mass concentration is generally carried out, typically 20-60%, preferably 30-50%; the emulsion is further emulsified by a colloid mill; finally diluted with water to the desired emulsion concentration.
  • a silicone composition emulsion prepared by the above method comprising a high viscosity silicone composition,
  • the emulsion further comprises a low molecular weight polysiloxane and an emulsifier, the low molecular weight polysiloxane having a molecular structure of:
  • R is a fluorenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an amino group or a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, wherein the amino group is an NH 2 and an NH 2 2
  • the amount of the low molecular weight polysiloxane is 5 to 50 parts, based on 100 parts, of CH 2 NH 2 , NHC 2 H4NHC 2 H4NH 2 or a high viscosity silicone composition;
  • the emulsifier comprises an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a high viscosity silicone composition in an amount of 100 parts by weight, and an emulsifier in an amount of 40 to 150 parts.
  • the performance of the high viscosity silicone composition emulsion prepared by the method of the present invention is mainly evaluated from the following aspects:
  • silicone emulsion One part of the silicone emulsion was added to 99 parts of water, and the dispersion was checked to observe the liquid level of the water dilution.
  • the liquid emulsion is placed on a horizontal shaker at 6 Cni amplitude, frequency of 100 times / miri oscillation 30min, according to the method (1), compare the level of dilution water conditions.
  • LPS low molecular weight polysiloxane
  • Example 2 Preparation of a high viscosity silicone composition
  • Example 2 50 parts of the high-viscosity silicone composition of Example 2 and 8 parts of LPS-2 were dispersed in a high-speed disperser for 30 minutes, and then 10 parts of sorbitan monooleate and 12 parts of polyoxyethylene (20 parts) were added thereto. ) sorbitan monooleate, 10 parts N-90 and 10 parts N-28 (polyoxyethylene ether modified silicone, self-produced by Nanjing Sixin Technology Application Research Institute Co., Ltd.), at a frequency of 50 Hz The mixture was stirred for 35 minutes to thoroughly mix the silicone composition and the emulsifier.
  • the temperature of the above mixture was raised to 75 Torr, 40 parts of water was slowly added thereto, and the rotation speed was increased to 65 Hz at the time of phase shift, so that the W/0 type emulsion was converted into a 0/W type emulsion, and then 60 parts of water was continuously added.
  • the concentration of the crude emulsion is 50%, and further emulsified by a homogenizer until the milk The particle size of the liquid reaches 10 ⁇ 30 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the sodium hypochlorite preservative is added to the emulsion.
  • the emulsion is diluted with 800 parts of acrylic acid thickening water to a concentration of 10%.
  • the performance evaluation is shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 50 parts of the high-viscosity silicone composition of Example 2 was taken, and then 10 parts of LPS-3 was added thereto in a high-speed disperser for 25 minutes, 15 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether, and 10 parts of octylphenol.
  • Example 2 Take 50 parts of the high-viscosity silicone composition of Example 2, and then add 15 parts of LPS-4 in a high-speed disperser to disperse 20rair and mix well, and then add 5 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) to the above system.
  • Ether 3 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (3) ether, 12 parts of N-23, 6 parts of N-90 and 9 parts of N-28, and stirred at a frequency of 50 Hz, 35 ⁇ , so that the system was uniformly mixed.
  • Comparative example 1 50 parts of the high viscosity silicone composition of Example 2 was taken, and then 15 parts of an emulsifier octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and 15 parts of N-90 (polyoxypropylene ether modified polysiloxane) were added thereto.
  • an emulsifier octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and 15 parts of N-90 (polyoxypropylene ether modified polysiloxane) were added thereto.
  • N-90 polyoxypropylene ether modified polysiloxane
  • Example 2 Taking 50 parts of the high-viscosity silicone composition of Example 2, and then adding 10 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether, 8 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (3) ether, and 12 parts of hydrazine- 23, ⁇ -90 11 parts and 9 parts of ⁇ - 28, and at a frequency of 50Hz was stirred 35mi n, so that the mixed system.
  • octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether 8 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (3) ether
  • 12 parts of hydrazine- 23, ⁇ -90 11 parts and 9 parts of ⁇ - 28, and at a frequency of 50Hz was stirred 35mi n, so that the mixed system.
  • the stability and shear resistance of the dispersion of the high viscosity silicone composition can be significantly improved by the addition of the low molecular weight polysiloxane.
  • the addition of amino silicone oil contributes more to the stability of the emulsion.

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  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Description

一种有机硅组合物乳液及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种有机硅组合物乳液及其制备方法, 更准确地说本发明涉及 到一种提高高粘度有机硅组合物乳状分散液稳定性的方法, 它涉及精细化学品 添加剂的制备, 因此隶属于精细化工制剂技术领域。
技术背景
有机硅分散液, 即乳液, 有着很宽的应用范围, 可以用于纺织后整理剂、 织 物柔软剂、 抗汗剂、 消泡剂、 脱模剂等等。 高粘度聚硅氧烷是洗发香波中的重 要组分。 白炭黑和高粘度聚硅氧垸的组合物在密封、 润滑、 绝缘、 防锈上有着 重要的应用, 在泡沫控制上, 它也有着优良的抑制泡沫产生的性能。
有机硅乳液的类型主要有两种, 油包水型 (W/0) 和水包油型 (o/w), 作为 纺织品、化妆品等领域中用的有机硅乳液基本是 0/W型的。 0/W型有机硅乳液的 制备不外乎以下两种方法制备, 第一种是通过聚合的方法形成的, 将有机硅单 体在催化剂和引发剂以及表面活性剂等作用下聚合而成, 如羟基硅油乳液; 第 二种是通过机械的方法制备, 将制备乳液的各种组分, 包括油相组分、 乳化剂、 水、 稳定剂等等, 通过加热搅拌、 机械剪切、 胶体磨、 均质机等方式分散制得。
要将高粘度的有机硅组合物乳化分散在水中是比较困难的, 这在专利
CN1807512中也有说明。有机硅乳液的功能与乳液自身的许多性质有关, 例如乳 液的耐温稳定性、 抗剪切性能、 稀释稳定性和储存稳定性, 专利 US6001887 也 针对乳液的稳定性介绍了一些测试方法。 就消泡剂而言, 如果将稳定性不好的 有机硅消泡剂乳液用在棉、 化纤等染色上消除有害泡沫的话, 就会在布匹上形 成 "硅斑", 严重影响到染色的效率和最终产品的质量。 因此, 有机硅乳液的稳 定性是非常重要的。
美国专利 US4853474通过交联的硅聚醚来提高乳液的耐低温性能,但是这种 方法难以控制硅聚醚自身的交联程度, 因此, 乳液的稳定性很难保证一致性; US5451692介绍的垸基硅聚醚在油包水型乳液制备中的应用, 通过烷基的引入, 提高了与油相组分之间的相容性。 EP-A-163541在研究消泡剂时介绍高粘度的聚 硅氧烷的乳液制备比较困难, 需要很高的成本, 而且效果不佳。
本专利发明人经过大量的实验摸索,发现在分散高粘度有机硅组合物时向这 种组合物中加入低分子量聚硅氧垸对制备稳定的乳液有很大的帮助。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种乳化高粘度有机硅组合物的方法, 解决高粘度的有 机硅组合物在水中乳化分散比较困难的问题。
技术方案:
本发明所述的一种有机硅组合物乳液的制备方法是一种分散高粘度有机硅 组合物于水中的方法, 其特征在于向高粘度有机硅组合物中加入了低分子量聚 硅氧垸和乳化剂组分, 该方法很好的解决了高粘度有机硅组合物乳化困难的问 题, 本方法所述的高粘度有机硅的粘度为 100, 000m〜l, 000, OOOPa · s。
前述的低分子量聚硅氧垸, 其分子结构如下:
Figure imgf000003_0001
其中 /7和 s为聚合度, 为 1〜1,000的整数, /3为 1〜500的整数, s为 1〜1,000的整数。 m、 /7和 s的取值保证低分子量聚硅氧烷的粘度为 50〜3, 000 mPa · s, 优选 100〜1, OOOmPa · s。
1?和 1^为取代基。 R为碳原子数为 1〜20的垸基, 为直链或支链的, 包括甲 基、 乙基、 丙基、 异丙基、 丁基、 异丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 叔戊基、 辛基、 异 辛基、 仲辛基、 十二碳烷基、 十四碳垸基、 十六碳垸基或十八碳垸基。 出于成 本和原材料易得的考虑, 优选 R为甲基。 ^为烷基、 含氨烃基、羟基或卤原子中 的一种, 烷基为碳原子数为 1〜18的烷基, 它和 R—样, 也可以不一样; 卤原 子包括氟、 氯、 溴、 碘原子, 优选氯原子。 含氨烃基包括— NH2
Figure imgf000004_0001
一 NHC2H4 HC2H4NH2及一 0Cs¾NH2。 !^优选含氨烃基或甲基或羟基。
按通常质量份数计, 所述的高粘度有机硅组合物为 100份, 则低分子量聚硅 氧烷的份数选择为 5〜50份, 优选 10〜30份。
前述的乳化剂属于表面活性剂,包括阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、 非离子表面活性剂。
非离子表面活性剂的例子是壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、 月桂酸 聚氧乙烯醚、 油酸聚氧乙烯醚、 月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、 十六醇聚氧乙烯醚、 十八 醇聚氧乙烯醚、 失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、 失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、 失水山梨醇 单硬脂酸酯、 失水山梨醇单油酸酯、 失水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、 失水山梨醇三油 酸酯、 聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、 聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、 聚 氧乙烯失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、 聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯、 聚氧乙烯失水 山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、 聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇三油酸酯、 聚氧垸烯改性聚硅氧垸形 成的硅聚醚以及诸如此类。
阴离子表面活性剂的例子为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫 酸盐、 垸基磷酸盐以及诸如此类的表面活性剂。
阳离子表面活性剂的例子为垸基苄基铵盐、 月桂酸咪唑啉、 油酰基咪唑啉、 十六垸基胺的盐以及诸如此类表面活性剂。
两性表面活性剂的例子为烷基三甲铵己内脂类型、磷酸酯类型的两性表面活 性剂。
优选非离子表面活性剂, 使用的非离子表面活性剂为一种或多种的混合物, 优选多种混合物。
按通常质量份数计,所述的高粘度有机硅组合物为 100份, 则乳化剂的总量 选择为 40〜: 150份, 优选 60〜110份。
根据对乳液粘度的要求, 可加入增稠剂, 增稠剂包括聚丙烯酰胺、 卡波姆、 汉生胶、 聚丙烯酸酯、 纤维素醚类, 增稠剂的加量根据乳液的粘度调整。 长期 储存时需要加入杀菌剂和防腐剂, 如次氯酸钠、 山梨酸钾、 均三嗪、 凯松等。
制备乳液的方法有 "剂在油中法"、 "剂在水中法"和 "初生皂法"等等, 本发明人选用 "剂在油中法"制备高粘度有机硅组合物的水分散乳液, 具体方 法如下:
将高粘度有机硅组合物和低分子量聚硅氧垸在强烈搅拌下充分混合 5〜 60min, 使得高粘度有机硅组合物与低分子量聚硅氧垸充分混合浸润, 优选搅拌 时间 20〜40min, 然后再加入乳化剂, 再搅拌 5〜60min, 优选 15〜45min; 完成 后将上述体系的温度升高至 55〜85Ό , 然后, 保持体系温度, 缓慢地加水, 提 高搅拌速度使其由 W/0型乳液变为 0/W型乳液转相, 继续加水至所需要的质量 浓度, 一般为 20-60%, 优选 30- 50%; 乳液通过胶体磨进一步乳化; 最后用水稀 释到所需要的乳液浓度。
采用上述方法制备的有机硅组合物乳液, 包括高粘度有机硅组合物, 其特 征在于该乳液还包括低分子量聚硅氧烷和乳化剂, 所述低分子量聚硅氧垸, 其 分子结构为:
Figure imgf000006_0001
其中 ZZ7、/2和 S为聚合度, Λ?为 1〜1000的整数,77为 1〜500的整数, S为 1〜
1000的整数; R为碳原子数为 1〜20的垸基; 为碳原子数为 1〜18烷基或氨 烃基或羟基或卤原子, 其中所述的氨烃基为一 NH2、 一 NHCH2CH2NH2、 NHC2H4NHC2H4NH2或一 高粘度有机硅组合物按 100份计, 低分子量聚硅氧 烷用量为 5〜50份;
所述乳化剂, 包括阴离子表面活性剂、 阳离子表面活性剂、 非离子表面活 性剂, 高粘度有机硅组合物按 100份计, 乳化剂用量为 40〜150份。
本发明方法制备的高粘度有机硅组合物乳液的性能主要从以下几个方面进 行评估:
( 1 )水稀释液的稳定性:
按照 1份的有机硅乳液加入到 99份的水中, 分散均勾后, 观察水稀释液的 液面状况。
( 2 ) 水稀释液的高温稳定性: 按照 1份的有机硅乳液加入到 99份的水中, 升温后观察水稀释液的液面状 况。
(3) 乳液的抗剪切性能:
常温下, 将乳液原液放置在水平振荡器上以 6Cni的振幅, 100次 /miri的频 率振荡 30min, 按照(1) 的方法, 比较水稀释液的液面状况。
(4)乳液消抑泡性能:
配制 0.5%十二垸基苯磺酸钠的水溶液做起泡液, 用 lOOmL摇瓶加入配制好 的 50mL起泡液加入 3 乳液, 将体系升温至 60Ό, 摇瓶 10次测试消泡性能, 继续摇瓶 200次测试抑泡性能。
具体实施方式
实施例 1:
低分子量聚硅氧烷 (LPS)的具体结构如下:
LPS- 1:R为 CH3,R1为 ¾,3=10,111=50,^10,该聚硅氧烷的粘度为701 3 · s; LPS- 2: R为 CH3, R1为 0H, s=250, m=300, n=2, 该聚硅氧烷的粘度为 800mPa · s;
LPS-3:R为 CH3,R1为 0H, s=10,m=30, n = 2,该聚硅氧垸的粘度为 50mPa · s; LPS- 4: R为 CH3, Rl为 NH2, s=15, m=100, n = 50, 该聚硅氧垸的粘度为 350mPa · s。
实施例 2: 高粘度有机硅组合物制备
参考 US4639489中例 1的制备方法制备高粘度有机硅组合物: 将 378g粘度 为 100, OOOmPa · s的聚二甲基硅氧垸和 180g粘度为 10, OOOmPa · s的两端羟基 的聚硅氧垸以及 18g正硅酸乙酯投入到反应釜瓶中, 加热到 130〜140°C, 然后 向其中加入 3g催化剂 (催化剂的制备: 90g粘度为 1, OOOmPa · s的聚二甲基硅 氧垸和 lOgKOH在 120°C反应 15min), 搅拌, 继续加热。 然后, 向其中加入 30g 比表面积为 200m2/g的白炭黑用均质机均质化。 反应组合物加热到 180'C, 并维 持 4h, 冷却到室温得到粘稠液体为高粘度有机硅组合物, 粘度为 400, 000 mPa · S o
实施例 3:
取 50份例 2 中的高粘度有机硅组合物和 5份 LPS- 1在高速分散机中分散 20min, 均匀后向其中加入 15份辛基酚聚氧乙烯 (10) 醚、 10份 N- 90 (聚氧丙 烯醚改性聚硅氧烷, 南京四新科技应用研究所有限公司自产) 壬基酚聚氧乙烯 ( 3 )醚、 12份失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯和 8份聚氧乙烯 (20 ) 失水山梨醇单硬脂 酸酯, 升温至 60'C, 以 50Hz的频率搅拌 30min, 使得有机硅组合物和乳化剂充 分混合均匀。 然后向其中缓慢加入 50 份水, 在转相时提高转速为 65Hz, 使得 W/0型乳液充分转变成 0/W型乳液,然后继续加 50份水,此时粗乳液浓度为 50%, 通过均质机, 进一步乳化, 直到乳液的粒径达到 10〜30 μ πι。 然后快速降温至常 温, 并用 800份丙烯酸增稠水溶液稀释成浓度为 10%的乳液, 加入 0. 2%次氯酸 钠防腐剂。 性能评估如表 1所示。
实施例 4:
取 50份的例 2中的高粘度有机硅组合物和 8份 LPS-2在高速分散机中分散 30min, 然后向其中加入 10份失水山梨醇单油酸酯、 12份聚氧乙烯 (20) 失水 山梨醇单油酸酯、 10份 N- 90和 10份 N-28 (聚氧乙烯醚改性聚硅氧垸, 南京四 新科技应用研究所有限公司自产), 以 50Hz的频率搅拌 35rain, 使得有机硅组合 物和乳化剂充分混合均匀。 然后将上述混合物温度升高到 75Ό , 向其中缓慢加 入 40份水, 在转相时提高转速为 65Hz, 使得 W/0型乳液转变成 0/W型乳液, 然 后继续加 60份水, 此时粗乳液浓度为 50%, 通过均质机, 进一步乳化, 直到乳 液的粒径达到 10〜30 μ πι。然后快速降温至常温, 并用 800份丙烯酸增稠水稀释 成浓度为 10%的乳液, 加入 0. 2%次氯酸钠防腐剂。 性能评估如表 1所示。
实施例 5:
取 50份的例 2中的高粘度有机硅组合物, 然后向其中加入 10份 LPS-3在 高速分散机中分散 25min, 15份辛基酚聚氧乙烯 (10) 醚、 10份辛基酚聚氧乙 烯 (3 ) 醚、 12 份 N- 23 (聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚改性聚硅氧垸, 南京四新科技应 用研究所有限公司自产) 和 8份 N-28, 以 45Hz的频率搅拌 35min, 使得上述有 机硅混合物和乳化剂充分混合均匀。 然后升高体系温度到 70°C, 向其中缓慢加 入 50份水, 在转相时提高转速为 60Hz, 使得 W/0型乳液转变成 0/W型乳液, 然 后继续加 50份水, 此时粗乳液浓度为 50%, 通过均质机进一步乳化, 直到乳液 的粒径达到 10〜30 μ πι。然后快速降温至常温, 并用 800份丙烯酸增稠水稀释成 浓度为 10%的乳液, 加入 0. 2%次氯酸钠防腐剂。 性能评估如表 1所示。
实施例 6:
取 50份例 2中的高粘度有机硅组合物, 然后向其中加入 15份 LPS- 4在高 速分散机中分散 20rair 充分混合, 然后向上述体系中加入 5份辛基酚聚氧乙烯 ( 10 ) 醚、 3份辛基酚聚氧乙烯 (3 ) 醚、 12份 N-23、 6份 N-90和 9份 N-28, 并以 50Hz的频率搅拌 35πΰη,使得体系混合均匀。然后升高体系的温度至 65°C, 并缓慢地向其中加入 60份水, 在转相时提高转速为 65Hz, 使得 W/0型乳液转变 成 0/W型乳液, 然后继续加 40份水, 此时粗乳液浓度为 50%, 通过均质机, 进 一步乳化, 直到乳液的粒径达到 10〜30 μ πι。 然后快速降温至常温, 并用 800份 丙烯酸增稠水稀释成浓度为 10%的乳液, 加入 0. 2%次氯酸钠防腐剂。 性能评估 如表 1所示。
对比例 1 : 取 50份例 2中的高粘度有机硅组合物, 然后向其中加入 15份的乳化剂辛 基酚聚氧乙烯 (10 ) 醚、 15份 N-90 (聚氧丙烯醚改性聚硅氧烷, 南京四新科技 应用研究所有限公司自产) 壬基酚聚氧乙烯(3 )醚、 12份失水山梨醇单硬脂酸 酯和 8份聚氧乙烯(20 )失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯, 升温至 60°C, 以 50Hz的频率 搅拌 30min, 使得有机硅组合物和乳化剂充分混合均匀。 然后向其中缓慢加入 50份水, 在转相时提高转速为 65Hz, 使得 W/0型乳液转变成 0/W型乳液, 然后 继续加 50份水, 此时粗乳液浓度为 50%, 通过均质机, 进一步乳化, 直到乳液 的粒径达到 10〜30 μ ίη。然后快速降温至常温, 并用 800份丙烯酸增稠水稀释成 浓度为 10%的乳液, 加入 0. 2%次氯酸钠防腐剂。 性能评估如表 1所示。
对比例 2:
取 50份例 2中的高粘度有机硅组合物, 然后向其中加入 10份辛基酚聚氧 乙烯 ( 10 )醚、 8份辛基酚聚氧乙烯 ( 3 )醚、 12份 Ν- 23、 11份 Ν-90和 9份 Ν- 28, 并以 50Hz的频率搅拌 35min,使得体系混合均匀。然后升高体系的温度至 65°C, 并缓慢地向其中加入 60份水, 在转相时提高转速为 65Hz, 使得 W/0型乳液转变 成 0/W型乳液, 然后继续加 40份水, 此时粗乳液的浓度为 50%, 通过均质机, 进一步乳化, 直到乳液的粒径达到 10〜30 μ πι。 然后快速降温至常温, 并用 800 份丙烯酸增稠水稀释成浓度为 10%的乳液, 加入 0. 2%次氯酸钠做防腐剂。 性能 评估如表 1所示。
通过低分子量聚硅氧烷的加入能明显改善高粘度有机硅组合物分散液的稳 定性和抗剪切性能。 相比较而言, 还是氨基硅油的加入对乳液稳定性的贡献大 些。 专利方法制备的乳液的性能
Figure imgf000011_0001

Claims

权利 要 求
1、 一种有机硅组合物乳液的制备方法, 其特征在于实现该方法的步骤为:
A、 将高粘度有机硅组合物和低分子量聚硅氧垸在强烈搅拌下充分混 合 20〜40min, 使得高粘度有机硅组合物与低分子量聚硅氧烷充 分混合浸润;
B、 加入乳化剂, 搅拌 15〜45min;
C 将体系的温度升高至 55〜85°C,然后保持体系温度,缓慢地加水, 提高搅拌速度使其由 W/0型乳液变为 0/W型乳液转相, 初步达到质量浓度 为 20〜議;
D、 乳液通过胶体磨后, 进一步乳化;
E、 最后用水稀释为所需浓度。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种有机硅组合物乳液的制备方法, 其特征在 于: 所述的低分子量聚硅氧烷的粘度为 50〜3, 000 mPa - S o
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种有机硅组合物乳液的制备方法, 其特 征在于: 所述的低分子量聚硅氧垸, 其分子结构为:
R. 一 Ri
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中 727、 /7和 S为聚合度, ZZ7为 1〜1000的整数, /7为 1〜500的整数, S 为 1〜1000的整数; R为碳原子数为 1〜20的垸基; 为碳原子数为 1〜 18 烷基或氨烃基或羟基或卤原子, 其中所述的氨烃基为一 NH2、 - NHCH2CH2NH2
Figure imgf000013_0001
高粘度有机硅组合物按 100份 计, 低分子量聚硅氧烷用量为 5〜50份。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的一种有机硅组合物乳液的制备方法, 其特征在 于: 所述的乳化剂为阴离子表面活性剂、 阳离子表面活性剂、 非离子表面 活性剂, 高粘度有机硅组合物按 100份计, 乳化剂用量为 40〜150份。
5、 采用权利要求 1所述方法制备的有机硅组合物乳液, 包括高粘度有 机硅组合物, 其特征在于: 该乳液还包括低分子量聚硅氧垸和乳化剂, 所 述低分子量聚硅氧垸, 其分子结构为-
Figure imgf000013_0002
其中 m、 /?和 s为聚合度, JTi为 1〜1000的整数, n为 1〜500的整数, s 为 1〜1000的整数; R为碳原子数为 1〜20的垸基; R,为碳原子数为 1〜 18 垸基或氨烃基或羟基或卤原子, 其中所述的氨烃基为一 NH2、 一 NHCH2CH2NH2、 — ( 21^¾(:2,2
Figure imgf000013_0003
高粘度有机硅组合物按 100份 计, 低分子量聚硅氧垸用量为 5〜50份;
所述乳化剂, 包括阴离子表面活性剂、 阳离子表面活性剂、 非离子表 面活性剂, 高粘度有机硅组合物按 100份计, 乳化剂用量为 40〜150份。
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