WO2010022667A1 - 距离检测感应装置 - Google Patents

距离检测感应装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010022667A1
WO2010022667A1 PCT/CN2009/073578 CN2009073578W WO2010022667A1 WO 2010022667 A1 WO2010022667 A1 WO 2010022667A1 CN 2009073578 W CN2009073578 W CN 2009073578W WO 2010022667 A1 WO2010022667 A1 WO 2010022667A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receiving
distance detecting
circuit board
lens
sensing device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/073578
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汤乔梅
黄洪昌
Original Assignee
上海科勒电子科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海科勒电子科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海科勒电子科技有限公司
Priority to US13/061,096 priority Critical patent/US8729477B2/en
Priority to EP09809252A priority patent/EP2325599A1/en
Publication of WO2010022667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010022667A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
    • G01C3/02—Details
    • G01C3/06—Use of electric means to obtain final indication
    • G01C3/08—Use of electric radiation detectors
    • G01C3/085—Use of electric radiation detectors with electronic parallax measurement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/0275—Control or determination of height or distance or angle information for sensors or receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/04—Systems determining the presence of a target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/46—Indirect determination of position data
    • G01S17/48—Active triangulation systems, i.e. using the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
    • G01S7/4813—Housing arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an infrared sensing device, and more particularly to a distance sensing sensor (PSD, Position Sensitive Detector) used in a sanitary automation field such as an automatic sensing faucet and an automatic flushing urinal.
  • PSD Position Sensitive Detector
  • a distance sensing sensor PSD, Position Sensitive Detector
  • Infrared sensors have been widely used in sanitary equipment such as automatic faucets, automatic flushing urinals, toilet flushing equipment, toilet seat cups for spraying hot water, hand dryers, and toilets equipped with hot air fans.
  • the infrared emitter emits infrared rays of a certain wavelength, and after being reflected by the human body, after receiving through the infrared receiver, the intensity of the reflected signal is judged to realize automatic sensing judgment.
  • some substances with low infrared reflectance such as black clothes, hair, etc.
  • the infrared light of the infrared emitter is reflected by the substances, only a very small amount of infrared light is received by the infrared receiver. Since the intensity of the reflected signal is insufficient, the sensor cannot judge whether or not there is a target, thereby causing the sensor to malfunction.
  • a distance detection sensing device is introduced into the field of sanitary automation.
  • the PSD sensor is an optoelectronic device that is sensitive to the position of the incident light. That is, when the incident illumination is at different positions on the photosensitive surface of the device, the PSD will output different electrical signals.
  • the PSD sensor is an automatic sensing judgment that utilizes the principle of triangulation to accurately measure the distance.
  • the light emitted from the light source is focused by the lens L1 and then directed to the surface of the object to be tested.
  • the reflected light is focused by lens L2 onto a one-dimensional PSD to form a spot.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device controls the working state of the sanitary ware to perform water discharge, flushing, and the like.
  • the distance detecting sensing device determines the distance between the target and the distance detecting sensing device to achieve automatic sensing, instead of determining the strength of the transmitted signal, the effective transmission can be effectively solved.
  • Infrared sensing has the defect of "induction failure due to insufficient intensity of the reflected signal".
  • the use of the distance detecting sensing device requires high positioning accuracy of each component, so how to ensure the positioning accuracy of the sensing device needs to be solved.
  • a distance detecting and sensing device comprising: a housing, a focusing lens, a circuit board, an infrared emitting device, a receiving device for inducing reflected light, and a shielding cover for shielding.
  • the housing includes a main body portion and two circular openings on a top surface of the main body portion.
  • the lens includes an emitting lens and a receiving lens disposed at a position of the opening of the housing.
  • the circuit board is mounted in the main body of the casing and is provided with a plurality of electronic components for processing the signals.
  • the transmitting device which is a light emitting diode, is mounted on the circuit board and emits infrared light to the emitting lens.
  • the receiving device is a distance detecting sensing module mounted on the circuit board to sense reflected light focused from the receiving lens; and the shielding cover is installed around the transmitting device and the receiving device to prevent electromagnetic interference.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device further includes a positioning bracket fixedly coupled with the housing, the positioning bracket receiving the transmitting device and the receiving device, and accurately positioning the transmitting device and the receiving device, including the transmitting positioning bracket and the receiving positioning bracket.
  • the launch positioning bracket includes a boss on both sides of the launch positioning device, and the housing is provided with a positioning slot that cooperates with the projection bracket of the launch positioning bracket.
  • the launch positioning bracket further includes a circular hole at an upper end of the positioning bracket at a position of the transmitting lens, and a receiving portion for receiving the transmitting device at a lower end of the positioning bracket.
  • a through hole is defined in the circuit board, and the receiving portion of the positioning bracket passes through the through hole of the circuit board to position the transmitting device on the lower side of the circuit board.
  • a gap is formed on both sides of the receiving portion to facilitate the soldering of the transmitting device to protrude and solder with the circuit board.
  • a support column that abuts the positioning bracket and the circuit board is further extended on both sides of the launch positioning bracket.
  • the receiving positioning bracket includes a positioning beam, and the housing is provided with a positioning groove that cooperates with a free end of the beam. Further, the receiving and positioning bracket further includes an receiving portion that extends horizontally from the beam and positions the receiving device. Further, the receiving device is mounted on a lower side of the circuit board, the circuit board is provided with a through hole, and the receiving portion is provided with an opening, and the receiving lens receives the light through the through hole of the circuit board and the opening of the receiving portion to reach the receiving device . Further, a gap is formed on both sides of the receiving portion to facilitate the soldering of the transmitting device to protrude and solder with the circuit board. Further, the distance detecting and sensing device further includes a seal mounted between the receiving lens and the receiving device.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device further includes a wire arranging device fixed to the casing by screws. Further, the distance detecting and sensing device further includes an indicator light for displaying an operating state or an abnormal condition, and the indicator positioning bracket is further provided with an indicator light display hole. Further, the shielding cover is divided into first and second shielding covers that are welded to each other, wherein the first shielding cover is fixed to the housing by screws and is in contact with the circuit board, and the second shielding cover passes through the buckle structure and the housing. Fixed, the transmitting and receiving device is mounted between the shield and the circuit board. Further, the housing is made of a conductive material. Compared with the prior art, the distance detecting and sensing device of the invention has higher positioning accuracy and improves the sensing performance of the whole machine.
  • FIG. 1a is a perspective view of a distance detecting and sensing device of the present invention.
  • Figure lb is another perspective view of the distance detecting sensing device of the present invention.
  • 2 is an exploded perspective view of the distance detecting and sensing device of the present invention.
  • 3 is an exploded perspective view of the distance detecting sensing device of the present invention from another angle.
  • 4a is a partially assembled, isometric view of the distance detecting sensing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4b is another perspective view of Figure 4a.
  • Figure 4c is an exploded perspective view of the structure shown in Figure 4b.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the housing of the distance detecting sensing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a view of the launch positioning bracket of the distance detecting sensing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7a is an exploded view of the receiving device of the distance detecting sensing device of the present invention and its positioning bracket.
  • Figure 7b is another perspective view of Figure 7a.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along line AA of Figure la.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the prior art distance detecting sensing device.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention is mainly installed in various types of automated sanitary equipment, such as a sensor urinal, a sensor toilet, and a sensor faucet.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention mainly comprises: a housing 1, a focusing lens 2, a circuit board 3 provided with a plurality of electronic components, a transmitting device 4 for emitting infrared light, a receiving device 5 for receiving reflected light and sensing, and Shielding cover 6 for electromagnetic shielding.
  • the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 are mounted on the same side of the circuit board 3. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 are soldered to the circuit board 3 by solder fillets.
  • the lens 2 is fixed to the casing 1, and includes an emitting lens 21 that focuses and emits infrared light rays, and a receiving lens 22 that focuses the reflected light onto the receiving device 5. Since the distance between the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 and the position of the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 and the lens 2 need to have a certain precision, the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention further includes The positioning bracket 7 of the transmitting device 4 is fixed, and the positioning bracket 8 of the receiving device 5 is fixed. The transmitting and receiving positioning brackets 7, 8 receive the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5, and are positioned and cooperated with the housing 1, thereby ensuring the positional accuracy of the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5.
  • the shield 6 is shielded from the periphery of the circuit board on the side where the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 are mounted to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the surrounding environment to the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5.
  • the housing 1 includes a vertically long main body portion 10 and first and second circular openings 11 and 12 provided on the top surface of the main body portion 10.
  • the lens 2, the circuit board 3 provided with a plurality of electronic components, the transmitting device 4, the receiving device 5, and the shielding cover 6 are all located in the main body portion 10 of the casing 1.
  • the emitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22 of the lens 2 are respectively mounted in the first and second circular openings 11, 12.
  • the housing 1 is made of an insulating material (such as ordinary plastic, etc.).
  • the housing 1 can be made of a conductive material (such as metal or conductive plastic) to achieve the desired. Anti-electromagnetic interference effect.
  • the emitting lens 21 of the lens 2 and the receiving lens 22 are mounted in the first and second circular openings 11, 12 of the housing 1 by injection molding.
  • the lens 2 and the housing 1 are mounted by two injection moldings, that is, the lens 2 is injection molded, and then the injection molded lens 2 is placed in the mold of the housing 1 and molded integrally with the housing 1.
  • the injection molding method not only solves the sealing problem between the lens 2 and the outer casing 1, but also ensures the relative position of the lens 2 at the center and the outer casing 1.
  • the lower portions of the transmitting and receiving lenses 21, 22 are formed in two cylindrical shapes to facilitate positioning accuracy during injection molding with the casing 1.
  • the transmitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22 are connected by a connecting portion 23.
  • the transmitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22 are separately provided, but there is a certain precision requirement between the lens 2 and the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 between the transmitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22, which are separately provided. It is not easy to accurately control the position of the design, and it is obviously difficult to meet the accuracy requirements. Therefore, by connecting the transmitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22 through a connecting portion 23, as a whole, positioning accuracy can be ensured.
  • the connecting portion 23 further has at least one bent portion, which prevents the emitted light from being directly transmitted from the transmitting lens 21 to the receiving lens 22 along the connecting portion 23, causing unnecessary internal light reflection and refraction, thereby affecting PSD detection accuracy.
  • the connecting portion is formed by bending a plurality of times and is substantially Z-shaped. Considering the combination of cost and effect, in this way, the light from the emitting lens 21 to the receiving lens 22 requires After two reflections, the optical path is more complicated, so that it is possible to more effectively prevent the emitted light from entering the receiving lens 22 directly from the transmitting lens 21. It is true that the bend can also be increased or decreased depending on the actual application.
  • the lens 2 and the housing 1 can also be assembled and assembled.
  • the circuit board 3 is integrated with a plurality of electronic components, and the first through hole 31 and the second through hole 32 are disposed on the transmitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22.
  • the first through hole 31 allows the launching positioning bracket 7 to pass therethrough.
  • the circuit board 3 processes the signals and transmits the processed data to the main controller to further control the sanitary equipment (not shown).
  • the transmitting device 4 is an infrared light emitting diode (IR LED), is mounted on the circuit board 3, and is located on the lower side of the circuit board 3 (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the side of the circuit board 3 facing the lens 2 is an upper side, The other side is the lower side of the board 3).
  • IR LED infrared light emitting diode
  • the transmitting device 4 is further provided with an indicator light 41 for indicating the function of detecting the operating state of the sensing device 100 or an abnormal situation such as insufficient battery power.
  • the receiving device 5 is a distance sensing module (PSD Sensing Module), is mounted on the circuit board 3, and is also located on the lower side of the circuit board 3.
  • the shielding cover 6 is mounted on the bottom of the casing 1 by screws 101 and 102, and shields the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5, and includes a first shielding cover 61 and a second shielding cover 62.
  • the first shielding cover 61 is first fixed to the casing 1 and is grounded by the screws 101 and 102 contacting the grounding line of the circuit board 3.
  • the second shielding cover 62 is fixed to the casing 1 by means of a buckle, and is in welding contact with the first shielding cover 61 and is grounded. This arrangement prevents a single mask from being set separately and is not suitable for mounting and fixing.
  • the launch positioning bracket 7 is mounted on the housing 1 and includes a large circular hole 71 at the top end of the bracket and matched with the transmitting lens 21, and a receiving portion 72 at the bottom end of the bracket for receiving the transmitting device 4.
  • the diameter of the large circular hole 71 is substantially equal to the emitting surface of the emitting lens 21.
  • the launch positioning bracket 7 further includes a square boss 74 on both sides of the bracket, the square boss 74 mating with the positioning groove 13 on the inner top surface of the housing 1 to position the launch positioning bracket 7 and the housing 1. It is true that the square boss 74 can also be other shapes mounted on other locations of the launch positioning bracket 7, such as a cylindrical boss.
  • the receiving portion 72 of the launch positioning bracket 7 passes through the first through hole 301 of the circuit board 3 from above the circuit board 3, and the transmitting device 4 is received and positioned on the lower side of the circuit board 3.
  • the soldering legs of the transmitting device 4 are bent and bent by the notches (not labeled) on both sides of the receiving portion 72, and are soldered to the circuit board 3.
  • the launch positioning bracket 7 is made of an insulating material, and may of course be made of a conductive material. When it is made of a conductive material, it can be used as a shield against electromagnetic interference.
  • the launch positioning bracket 7 further includes a small circular hole 75 close to the receiving portion 72 of the transmitting device 4 and an indicator display hole 76 of the indicator light 41. As shown in FIG.
  • the emission small circular hole 75 and the large circular hole 71 form a tapered infrared light emitting channel, which is arranged such that light is emitted from the die of the emitting device 4 through the small circular hole 75, passes through the large circular hole 71, and passes through the emitting lens. 21 shot and shot. Therefore, it is ensured that the emitted light does not hit other areas in the casing 1, affecting efficiency and generating light interference, and is not affected by the reflection and refraction of the internal light to the receiving device 5, thereby affecting the detection effect. At the same time, the emitted light has a large halo due to the large die of the launching device.
  • the infrared rays emitted from the emitter of the emitter housed in the housing portion 72 are emitted only through the small circular holes 75.
  • the small circular hole 75 is smaller than the light emitting surface of the emitting device, and the unnecessary portion is blocked. This setting can also effectively reduce the effect of the halo on the detection signal, which can make the detection accuracy higher.
  • the launch positioning bracket 7 at this time serves as a light guiding means for emitting light.
  • the receiving positioning bracket 8 includes a beam 81 mounted to the housing and a receiving portion 82 that is coupled to the beam 81 to receive the receiving device 5.
  • the accommodating portion 82 has a housing space 821 that houses the receiving device 5.
  • the top surface of the receiving portion 82 is provided with a rectangular opening 820 aligned with the second through hole 32 of the circuit board to facilitate receiving light into the receiving surface of the receiving device 5.
  • the accommodating portion 82 is horizontally extended from the middle portion of the beam 81, so that the welding legs of the receiving device 5 can be easily extended from the notches (not shown) on both sides of the accommodating portion 82 to facilitate welding.
  • the two free ends of the beam 81 are engaged with the positioning grooves 14 on the two side walls of the main body portion 10 of the housing 1 for effective positioning.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention further includes a wire arranging device 9 which can efficiently organize the wires (not shown) on the circuit board 3 and is fixed in the casing 1 by screws 103.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention further includes a sealing member 104 between the lens 2 and the circuit board 3 for sealing.
  • the seal 104 prevents leakage of the epoxy into the receiving device 5, such as through the second through hole 32, into the receiving device 5; on the other hand, it prevents interference light from entering the housing 1 or entering the receiving device 5.
  • the sealing member 104 is made of silicone rubber, and may of course be made of other sealing materials.
  • the infrared light emitted from the emitting device 4 is incident on the emitting lens 21 through the first through hole 31 due to the first and second through holes 31, 32 formed in the circuit board 3.
  • the emitting lens 21 focuses the infrared emitting light to the target area, and when a human body or moving object enters the target area, the infrared light is reflected.
  • the receiving lens 22 receives the reflected infrared light and focuses the received reflected light through the second through hole 32 to the receiving device 5.
  • the receiving device 5 measures the distance of the target according to the triangulation principle of the PSD, and finally controls the sanitary equipment.
  • This arrangement is such that the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 can be mounted on the lower side of the circuit board 3 (i.e., the side of the circuit board 3 facing the lens 2 is the upper side, and the other side of the circuit board 3 is the lower side). Since the focal length required for the lens 2 of the distance detecting sensing device 100 of the present invention is constant, such a setting can make full use of the thickness of the circuit board 3 as a part of the focal length. At the same time, since other electronic components need to be disposed on the circuit board 3, the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 are mounted between the electronic components, and the space inside the casing 1 and the upper and lower sides of the circuit board 3 can be fully utilized.
  • such an arrangement can reduce the height of the entire distance detecting sensing device 100 and reduce the volume.
  • the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 are disposed between the circuit board 3 (which also functions as a shielding effect) and the shielding cover 6, and can effectively shield external interference.
  • the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 of the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention are fixed by the positioning brackets 7, 8 to ensure the positional accuracy of the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5.
  • the positioning brackets 7, 8 are secured to the housing 1 to ensure the relative position of the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 to the housing 1.
  • the transmitting device 4 and the receiving device 5 are mounted to the corresponding receiving portions of the positioning brackets 7, 8 and then soldered and fixed, thereby ensuring that the positional accuracy is not affected by the installation, thereby effectively preventing the welding device 4 and the receiving device 5 from being welded.
  • the mounting accuracy is insufficient due to problems such as the mounting process, and the distance detecting sensing device 100 is not satisfactory, and even has the disadvantage of failure.
  • the distance detecting and sensing device 100 of the present invention has a low production cost and is advantageous for popularized applications.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)

Description

距离检测感应装置
【技术领域】 本发明有关一种红外感应装置， 尤其是指应用于自动感应水龙头、 自动冲水小便 斗等卫浴自动化领域内的距离检测感应装置 （PSD， Position Sensitive Detector )。 【背景技术】 红外感应器已经广泛应用于自动水龙头、 自动冲水小便斗、 抽水马桶冲洗设备、 喷射热水的马桶坐圈、 手干燥器和装有热风风扇的抽水马桶等卫生设备中。 传统的红外感应器大部分采用主动式红外感应方式， 即红外发射器发射一定波长 的红外线， 经人体反射后， 通过红外接收器接收后， 判断该反射信号强度， 来实现自 动感应判断。 然而， 一些对红外线反射率低的物质 （如黑色衣服、 头发等）， 就很难实 现自动感应判断。 红外发射器的红外光经过该些物质反射后， 只有极少数的红外光线 被红外接收器接收。 由于反射信号的强度不够， 而导致感应器无法判断是否有目标物 存在， 因而导致感应失灵。 为了解决上述传统红外感应洁具感应失灵的问题， 将距离检测感应装置 （PSD ) 引入卫浴自动化领域内。 如图 9所示， PSD传感器是一种对入射光位置敏感的光电器 件。 即当入射光照在器件感光面的不同位置时， PSD将输出不同的电信号。 PSD传感 器是利用三角测量原理， 能够精确测量距离的特点来实现的自动感应判断。 如图 9所 示， 光源发出的光经透镜 L1聚焦后投向待测体的表面。 反射光由透镜 L2聚焦到一维 PSD上， 形成一个光点。 若透镜 L1与 L2间的中心距离为 b， 透镜 L2到 PSD表面之 间的距离 （即透镜 L2的焦距） 为 f， 聚焦在 PSD表面的光点距离透镜 L2中心的距离 为 x， 则根据相似三角形 PAB和 BCD的性质， 可得出待测距离 DIS为： DIS = bf/x。 因此， 只要测出 PSD的光点位置坐标 X的值， 即可测出待测体的距离。 当检测到待测体的距离位于预先设定的范围内时， 距离检测感应装置控制卫生洁 具的进行出水、 冲水等工作状态。 由于距离检测感应装置判断目标物与距离检测感应 装置的距离来实现自动感应的目的， 而不是判断发射信号的强度， 从而可有效解决传 统红外感应所存在"因反射信号的强度不够而导致感应失灵"的缺陷。 然而， 利用该距离检测感应装置需要各部件具有较高的定位精度， 因此如何保证 感应装置的定位精度需要解决。
【发明内容】 本发明的目的在于提供一种具有较高定位精度的距离检测感应装置。 本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的： 一种距离检测感应装置， 包括： 壳体、 聚焦用的透镜、 电路板、 红外线发射装置、 感应反射光线的接收装置以及起屏蔽作用 的遮蔽罩。 其中壳体包括主体部以及位于主体部顶面上的两圆形开孔。 透镜包括设置 于壳体开孔位置处的发射透镜和接收透镜。 电路板， 安装于壳体主体部内， 设有若干 电子元器件， 对信号进行处理。 发射装置， 为发光二极管， 安装在电路板上， 发射红 外光线到发射透镜。 接收装置， 为距离检测感应模块， 安装在电路板上， 感应从接收 透镜聚焦下来的反射光线； 遮蔽罩， 安装于发射装置与接收装置的周围， 防止电磁干 扰。 该距离检测感应装置还包括与壳体配合固定的定位支架， 该定位支架收容发射装 置与接收装置， 并将发射装置与接收装置准确定位， 包括发射定位支架与接收定位支 架。 进一步地， 所述发射定位支架包括位于发射定位装置两侧的凸台， 而所述壳体内 设有与该发射定位支架凸台配合的定位槽。 进一步地， 所述发射定位支架还包括位于该定位支架上端位于发射透镜位置处的 圆孔以及位于该定位支架下端的收容发射装置的收容部。 进一步地， 电路板上开设有通孔， 所述定位支架的收容部穿过该电路板通孔而将 发射装置收容定位在电路板的下侧面。 进一步地， 所述收容部两侧设有缺口， 以利于发射装置的焊接脚伸出而与电路板 焊接。 进一步地，所述发射定位支架两侧还延伸设有将定位支架与电路板抵接的支撑柱。 进一步地， 所述接收定位支架包括一定位横梁， 而所述壳体上设有与该横梁自由 端配合的定位凹槽。 进一步地， 所述接收定位支架还包括自横梁水平延伸并将接收装置收容定位的收 容部。 进一步地， 所述接收装置安装在电路板的下侧面， 电路板上开设有通孔， 收容部 上设有开口， 所述接收透镜接收到光线通过电路板通孔以及收容部开口到达接收装置 上。 进一步地， 所述收容部两侧设有缺口， 以利于发射装置的焊接脚伸出而与电路板 焊接。 进一步地，距离检测感应装置还包括一安装于接收透镜与接收装置之间的密封件。 进一步地， 距离检测感应装置还包括一通过螺钉固定在壳体上的排线整理装置。 进一步地， 距离检测感应装置还包括显示工作状态或异常情况的指示灯， 而所述 发射定位支架上还设置有指示灯显示孔。 进一步地， 遮蔽罩分为相互焊接的第一、 第二遮蔽罩， 其中第一遮蔽罩通过螺钉 与壳体固定并与电路板接触而实现接地， 而第二遮蔽罩通过卡扣结构与壳体固定的， 所述发射和接收装置被安装于遮蔽罩与电路板之间。 进一步地， 壳体为导电材料制成。 与现有技术相比， 本发明距离检测感应装置具有较高的定位精度， 提高整机感应 性能。
【附图说明】 图 la是本发明距离检测感应装置的立体视图。 图 lb是本发明距离检测感应装置另一角度立体视图。 图 2是本发明距离检测感应装置的分解示意图。 图 3是本发明距离检测感应装置另一角度的分解示意图。 图 4a是本发明距离检测感应装置部分立体组装图。 图 4b是图 4a另一角度视图。 图 4c是 4b所示结构的分解示意图。 图 5是本发明距离检测感应装置的壳体视图。 图 6是本发明距离检测感应装置的发射定位支架视图。 图 7a是本发明距离检测感应装置的接收装置及其定位支架分解视图。 图 7b是图 7a另一角度视图。 图 8是图 l a沿 A-A线的剖面视图。 图 9是现有技术距离检测感应装置工作原理图。 【具体实施方式】 下面参照附图具体介绍本发明的各种实施例， 图中相同的结构或功能用相同的数 字标出。 应该指出的是， 附图的目的只是便于对本发明具体实施例的说明， 不是一种 多余的叙述或是对本发明范围的限制， 此外， 附图没有必要按比例画出。 如图 1至图 7所示， 本发明距离检测感应装置 100， 主要安装于各类自动化的卫 浴设备中， 如感应小便斗、 感应便器以及感应水龙头等。 本发明距离检测感应装置 100主要包括： 壳体 1、 聚焦用透镜 2、 设置有若干电子 元器件的电路板 3、 发射红外光线的发射装置 4、 接收反射光线并感应的接收装置 5 以及起到电磁屏蔽功能的遮蔽罩 6。 其中， 发射装置 4与接收装置 5安装于电路板 3同一侧上。 在本发明所示的实施 方式中， 发射装置 4与接收装置 5通过焊脚焊接到电路板 3上。 透镜 2固定在壳体 1 上，包括将红外发射光线聚焦发射出去的发射透镜 21和将反射光线聚焦照射到接收装 置 5的接收透镜 22。 由于距离检测感应装置 100对发射装置 4和接收装置 5之间的位置以及发射装置 4与接收装置 5与透镜 2的位置需要具备一定的精度， 因此， 进一步， 本发明距离检 测感应装置 100还包括固定发射装置 4的定位支架 7、 固定接收装置 5的定位支架 8。 所述发射和接收定位支架 7、 8收容发射装置 4与接收装置 5， 并通过与壳体 1配合定 位， 从而保证发射装置 4与接收装置 5的位置精度。 另外， 遮蔽罩 6遮蔽在安装有发射装置 4和接收装置 5的那一侧电路板外围， 以 防止周围环境对发射装置 4和接收装置 5的电磁干扰 （EMI)。 其中， 壳体 1包括纵长型的主体部 10以及设于主体部 10顶面的第一、 第二圆形 开孔 11、 12。 所述透镜 2、 设置有若干电子元器件的电路板 3、 发射装置 4、 接收装置 5及遮蔽罩 6都位于壳体 1主体部 10内。 对应的， 透镜 2的发射透镜 21与接收透镜 22分别安装于所述第一、 第二圆形开孔 11、 12内。 所述壳体 1 由绝缘材料 （如普通 塑料等） 制成， 诚然在本发明另一优选的实施方式中， 壳体 1可以是导电材料 （如金 属或导电塑料等） 制成， 以达到理想的防电磁干扰效果。 在本发明优选的实施方式中， 透镜 2的发射透镜 21 以及接收透镜 22通过注塑成 型安装于壳体 1的第一、 第二圆形开孔 11、 12内。 具体来讲， 透镜 2与壳体 1的安装 方式为两次注塑而成， 即先将透镜 2注塑成型， 而后将注塑成型后的透镜 2放入壳体 1的模具中与壳体 1一体注塑而成。采用注塑成型的方式， 不但解决了透镜 2与外壳 1 之间的密封问题， 而且还可保证透镜 2中心与外壳 1上的相对位置精确。 其中， 所述 发射与接收透镜 21、 22的下部做成两个圆柱形， 以利于在与壳体 1注塑成型的过程中 保证定位精度。 特别的， 发射透镜 21 以及接收透镜 22之间通过连接部 23连接。 以往 的设计过程中， 发射透镜 21与接收透镜 22是单独设置的， 但是发射透镜 21与接收透 镜 22之间， 透镜 2与发射装置 4、 接收装置 5之间存在一定的精度要求， 单独设置的 设计不容易精确控制位置， 显然较难满足精度的要求。 因此， 通过将发射透镜 21与接 收透镜 22通过一连接部 23连接， 作为一个整体安装， 可保证定位精度。 更进一步的， 该连接部 23还具有至少一弯折部， 可防止发射光线直接沿着连接部 23从发射透镜 21 传导到接收透镜 22，发生不必要的内部光反射和折射的现象， 从而影响 PSD的检测精 度。 在图 2和图 3所示的实施方式中， 该连接部为经过多次弯折而成， 大致呈 Z形。 从成本与效果综合考虑， 这样设计， 光线从发射透镜 21 要到达接收透镜 22， 需要经 过两次反射， 光路更加复杂， 从而可以更加有效的防止发射光线直接从发射透镜 21 进入接收透镜 22。 诚然， 该弯折部也可根据实际应用情况增加或减少。 在本发明另一 实施方式中， 所述透镜 2与壳体 1之间也可采用装配组装的安装方式。 其中， 电路板 3集成有若干电子元器件， 正对发射透镜 21 以及接收透镜 22设有 第一通孔 3 1与第二通孔 32。 其中第一通孔 3 1容许发射定位支架 7穿过。 电路板 3对 信号进行处理， 并将处理后的数据传输给主控制器， 从而进一步控制卫浴设备 （未图 示）。 其中， 发射装置 4为红外发光二极管 （IR LED ) , 安装于电路板 3上， 且位于电 路板 3的下侧面 （如图 2、 3所示， 电路板 3面向透镜 2的一面为上侧面， 另一面则为 电路板 3 的下侧面）。 发射装置 4的一边还设有用以起指示作用的指示灯 41， 为反应 距离检测感应装置 100工作状态或如电池电量不足等异常情况的指示窗口。 其中， 接收装置 5为距离检测感应模块 （PSD Sensing Module ) , 安装于电路板 3 上， 且也位于电路板 3的下侧面。 其中， 遮蔽罩 6通过螺钉 101、 102安装在壳体 1底部， 将发射装置 4、 接收装置 5遮蔽起来， 包括第一遮蔽罩 61与第二遮蔽罩 62。 其中第一遮蔽罩 61先与壳体 1固 定并通过螺钉 101、 102与电路板 3的接地线路接触而实现接地。 而第二遮蔽罩 62则 通过卡扣的形式固定在壳体 1上，而与第一遮蔽罩 61焊接接触并实现接地。这样设置， 可以防止单独设置一整块遮蔽罩而不利于安装固定。 其中， 发射定位支架 7与壳体 1安装， 包括位于支架顶端且与发射透镜 21配合的 大圆孔 71 以及位于支架底端用以收容发射装置 4的收容部 72。该大圆孔 71的直径与 发射透镜 21 的发射面大致相当。 所述发射定位支架 7两侧还延伸设有支撑柱 73， 以 将定位支架 7抵接在电路板 3上， 使得电路板 3给予定位支架 7足够的支撑力， 防止 定位支架 7在安装过程中掉出壳体 1等问题的发生。 特别的， 发射定位支架 7还包括 位于支架两侧的方形凸台 74， 该方形凸台 74与壳体 1 内部顶面上的定位槽 13配合， 以将发射定位支架 7与壳体 1定位。诚然， 该方形凸台 74也可以是安装在发射定位支 架 7其他位置上的其他形状， 如圆柱形凸台。所述发射定位支架 7的收容部 72从电路 板 3的上方穿过电路板 3的第一通孔 3 1，在电路板 3的下侧面将发射装置 4收容定位。 所述发射装置 4的焊接脚通过收容部 72两侧的缺口 （未标号）伸出弯折后与电路板 3 焊接连接。 该发射定位支架 7为绝缘材料制成， 当然也可以是导电材料制成。 当其用 导电材料制成时， 可以作为防电磁干扰的遮蔽体。 如图 6所示， 发射定位支架 7还包括靠近发射装置 4收容部 72的小圆孔 75以及 指示灯 41 的指示灯显示孔 76。 如图 8所示， 发射小圆孔 75和大圆孔 71形成锥形红 外光发射通道， 这样设置可使得光线从发射装置 4的管芯通过小圆孔 75射出、通过大 圆孔 71后经过发射透镜 21聚焦后射出。 从而可以保证发射光线不会射到壳体 1 内的 其他区域， 影响效率以及产生光干扰， 更不会通过内部光的反射及折射到接收装置 5 上而影响检测效果。 同时， 由于发射装置的管芯较大导致发出的光有很大的光暈。 这 对于要求精确信号的接收装置来说是非常不利的一个因素， 会影响检测感应的结果。 在本实施方式中， 收容在收容部 72内的发射装置管芯发出的红外光线， 只通过小圆孔 75 向外发射。 小圆孔 75 比发射装置的发光面小， 不需要的部分被挡住。 这样设置， 同样可有效减少光暈对检测信号的影响， 可以使检测精度更高。 此时的发射定位支架 7充当发射光线导引装置。 结合如图 7a、 图 7b所示， 接收定位支架 8包括安装到壳体上的横梁 81 以及与横 梁 81连接在一起收容接收装置 5的收容部 82。 收容部 82有容纳接收装置 5的收容空 间 821。 且收容部 82的顶面设有长方形开口 820与电路板第二通孔 32对齐， 以利于 接收光线进入接收装置 5的接收面上。 收容部 82为横梁 81的中部水平延伸而成， 可 以让接收装置 5的焊接脚很方便的从收容部 82的两侧的缺口（未标号）伸出并利于焊 接。 同时， 横梁 81的两自由端与壳体 1主体部 10两侧壁上的定位凹槽 14卡持配合， 以起到有效定位的目的。 本发明距离检测感应装置 100还包括一排线整理装置 9， 该装置 9可将电路板 3 上的线 （未图示） 有效整理并通过螺钉 103被固定在壳体 1 内。 本发明距离检测感应装置 100还包括位于透镜 2与电路板 3之间， 起密封作用的 密封件 104。 该密封件 104—方面可防止环氧进入接收装置 5内， 如通过第二通孔 32 进入到接收装置 5 内； 另一方面也可防止干扰光线进入到壳体 1或进入到接收装置 5 内。 在本实施方式中， 该密封件 104为硅橡胶制成， 当然也可以是其他密封材料制成。 诚然， 在条件允许的情况下， 发射透镜 21与发射装置 4之间也可设置类似的密封件结 构。 结合图 8所示， 由于电路板 3上开设的第一、 第二通孔 31、 32, 发射装置 4的红 外发射光线通过第一通孔 31射向发射透镜 21。发射透镜 21聚焦红外发射光线到目标 区域， 当有人体或移动目标物进入该目标区域内时， 红外光线被反射。 而接收透镜 22 则接收该反射红外光线，并聚焦后将接收到的反射光线通过第二通孔 32照射到接收装 置 5上。 而接收装置 5则根据 PSD的三角测量原理， 测算出目标物的距离， 最终控制 卫浴设备。这样设置，使得发射装置 4和接收装置 5可以安装在电路板 3的下侧面（即 电路板 3向着透镜 2的一面为上侧面， 而电路板 3另外一面为下侧面）。 由于本发明距 离检测感应装置 100透镜 2需要的焦距一定， 因此这样设置可以充分利用电路板 3的 厚度来作为焦距的一部分。 同时， 由于电路板 3上需要设置其他电子元器件， 将发射 装置 4与接收装置 5安装在电子元器件之间，能充分利用壳体 1 内部以及电路板 3上、 下两侧面的空间。 综上所述， 这样设置可以降低整个距离检测感应装置 100的高度、 减小体积。 另外， 发射装置 4和接收装置 5安装后位于电路板 3 (也可起到屏蔽效果） 与遮 蔽罩 6之间， 可以有效屏蔽外部的干扰。 本发明距离检测感应装置 100的发射装置 4和接收装置 5通过定位支架 7、8固定， 确保发射装置 4和接收装置 5的位置精度。该定位支架 7、 8通过与壳体 1配合固定而 可保证发射装置 4和接收装置 5与壳体 1的相对位置。 将发射装置 4和接收装置 5安 装至定位支架 7、 8相应的收容部后再进行焊接固定， 而可保证其位置精度不受安装的 影响， 从而可以有效防止将发射装置 4和接收装置 5焊接在电路板 3上， 因为安装工 艺等问题而导致安装精度不够， 距离检测感应装置 100效果不理想， 甚至失效的缺点。 另外， 本发明距离检测感应装置 100生产成本较低， 利于普及应用。 虽然上面已经揭示了本发明的具体实施方式， 但是它们不是本发明范围的局限， 熟知本技术领域的人员对以上所述具体实施的修改和变化也包含在本发明的范围之 内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种距离检测感应装置， 包括： 壳体、 聚焦用的透镜、 电路板、 红外线发射装 置、 感应反射光线的接收装置以及起屏蔽作用的遮蔽罩， 其中壳体包括主体部以及位 于主体部顶面上的两圆形开孔； 透镜包括设置于壳体开孔位置处的发射透镜和接收透 镜； 电路板， 安装于壳体主体部内， 设有若干电子元器件， 对信号进行处理； 发射装 置， 为发光二极管， 安装在电路板上， 发射红外光线到发射透镜； 接收装置， 为距离 检测感应模块， 安装在电路板上， 感应从接收透镜聚焦下来的反射光线； 遮蔽罩， 安 装于发射装置与接收装置的周围， 防止电磁干扰； 其特征在于： 该距离检测感应装置 还包括与壳体配合固定的定位支架， 该定位支架收容发射装置与接收装置， 并将发射 装置与接收装置准确定位， 包括发射定位支架与接收定位支架。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述发射定位支架包括 位于发射定位装置两侧的凸台， 而所述壳体内设有与该发射定位支架凸台配合的定位 槽。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述发射定位支架还包 括位于该定位支架上端位于发射透镜位置处的圆孔以及位于该定位支架下端的收容发 射装置的收容部。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 电路板上开设有通孔， 所述定位支架的收容部穿过该电路板通孔而将发射装置收容定位在电路板的下侧面。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述收容部两侧设有缺 口， 以利于发射装置的焊接脚伸出而与电路板焊接。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述发射定位支架两侧 还延伸设有将定位支架与电路板抵接的支撑柱。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述接收定位支架包括 一定位横梁， 而所述壳体上设有与该横梁自由端配合的定位凹槽。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述接收定位支架还包 括自横梁水平延伸并将接收装置收容定位的收容部。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述接收装置安装在电 路板的下侧面， 电路板上开设有通孔， 收容部上设有开口， 所述接收透镜接收到光线 通过电路板通孔以及收容部开口到达接收装置上。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 所述收容部两侧设有 缺口， 以利于发射装置的焊接脚伸出而与电路板焊接。
11. 如权利要求 1 所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 距离检测感应装置还 包括一安装于接收透镜与接收装置之间的密封件。
12. 如权利要求 1 所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 距离检测感应装置还 包括一通过螺钉固定在壳体上的排线整理装置。
13. 如权利要求 1 所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 距离检测感应装置还 包括显示工作状态或异常情况的指示灯， 而所述发射定位支架上还设置有指示灯显示 孔。
14. 如权利要求 1 所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 遮蔽罩分为相互焊接 的第一、 第二遮蔽罩， 其中第一遮蔽罩通过螺钉与壳体固定并与电路板接触而实现接 地， 而第二遮蔽罩通过卡扣结构与壳体固定的， 所述发射和接收装置被安装于遮蔽罩 与电路板之间。
15. 如权利要求 1所述的距离检测感应装置， 其特征在于： 壳体为导电材料制成。
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US20120223233A1 (en) 2012-09-06

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