WO2010013400A1 - 難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010013400A1 WO2010013400A1 PCT/JP2009/003293 JP2009003293W WO2010013400A1 WO 2010013400 A1 WO2010013400 A1 WO 2010013400A1 JP 2009003293 W JP2009003293 W JP 2009003293W WO 2010013400 A1 WO2010013400 A1 WO 2010013400A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/302—Polyurethanes or polythiourethanes; Polyurea or polythiourea
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition mainly comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and an ethylene (co) polymer, and in particular, a thermoplastic resin composition excellent in compatibility, workability and flame retardancy thereof, And an electric wire or cable using the same.
- Thermoplastic polyurethane-based elastomers have been used in various fields such as hoses, belts, electric wires, cables, pipes, shoe soles, various molded products, etc., taking advantage of their excellent mechanical strength and wear resistance.
- an ethylene copolymer such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer are alloyed to improve resin moldability and water resistance and use.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers consist of a long-chain part called a soft segment, which is easy to move, and a part with extremely high crystallinity called a hard segment, and is not compatible with other resins.
- the compatibility with the ethylene polymer or the ethylene copolymer is insufficient.
- thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and an ethylene copolymer has a drawback of poor flame retardancy. This defect is improved by adding a metal hydrate such as magnesium hydroxide (Patent Document 2).
- a metal hydrate such as magnesium hydroxide
- a resin composition in which flame retardancy is imparted by adding a compound containing nitrogen and / or phosphorus such as melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, and condensed phosphate ester to a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is also known.
- Patent Document 3 the flame retardant mechanism in this case does not exhibit flame retardancy by forming a surface expansion layer (Intumescent) at the time of combustion, and suppressing the diffusion and heat transfer of decomposition products. There is no description suggesting that the compatibility of the resin composition is improved.
- Patent Document 4 an invention in which a specific phosphate compound and a phosphate ester flame retardant are added in combination to a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is also disclosed (Patent Document 4).
- the present invention relates to a fireproof sealant that is completely different from applications such as electric wires and cables, and is compatible and flame retardant of a resin composition mainly composed of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and an ethylene-based copolymer. There is no description that suggests improving the performance.
- chlorine-containing flame retardant resins and molecules are used as coating materials for electric / electronic equipment, electric wires, insulated wires, cables, cabtire cables, optical cords, optical fiber cables, etc. It is well known to use a resin composition mainly composed of an ethylene copolymer, which contains a so-called halogen flame retardant containing a bromine atom or a chlorine atom.
- a resin composition mainly composed of an ethylene copolymer which contains a so-called halogen flame retardant containing a bromine atom or a chlorine atom.
- the flame retardant resin or the resin containing the flame retardant as described above is discarded without appropriate treatment, not only the heavy metal stabilizer mixed in the coating material may be eluted, but also combustion In such a case, the corrosive gas may be discharged.
- antimony trioxide when used to make the chlorine-containing resin more flame retardant, antimony trioxide contains lead and arsenic derived from the raw ore as impurities. It is also a problem that it will contain simultaneously. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a demand for the development of a technique for coating an electric wire with a halogen-free non-halogen flame retardant material that does not cause the elution of harmful heavy metals or the generation of halogen-based gases.
- the non-halogen flame retardant material is a material that exhibits flame retardancy by blending a flame retardant containing no halogen with a resin.
- the flame retardant include metal hydrates such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. used.
- the flame retardancy of these flame retardants is not sufficient, when used as a flame retardant, it must be blended in large quantities. When such large-scale use is unavoidable, the compatibility and dispersibility of the flame retardant with the resin becomes a problem, and the workability tends to be inferior, so the physical properties required for electric wires and cables are insufficient. There was a drawback of becoming something.
- the resulting resin composition may be used for manufacturing electric wires or the like.
- attempts have been made to improve the processability by using a lubricant in combination, because of the poor processing and the poor dispersion of each component blended in the composition.
- the flame retardancy is lowered, so even in the incompatible system as described above, flame retardancy having good processability and dispersibility without impairing the flame retardancy.
- Development of a functional resin composition has been demanded.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and an ethylene copolymer as main components, which are excellent in compatibility, dispersibility, processability and flame retardancy.
- the second object of the present invention is to provide an electric wire or cable excellent in flame retardancy, surface properties and physical properties.
- the inventors of the present invention use two specific types of (poly) phosphate compounds as flame retardants, as well as thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers and ethylene copolymers.
- a compatibility / dispersibility improver that improves the compatibility and dispersibility of other additives in the composition, good results can be obtained by using a phosphate ester compound in combination.
- this invention mix
- n in the formula (1) represents a number of 1 to 100
- X 1 is ammonia or a triazine derivative represented by the following general formula (2)
- p satisfies a relationship of 0 ⁇ p ⁇ n + 2. Is a number.
- Z 1 and Z 2 in the formula (2) may be the same or different, and —NR 5 R 6 group [wherein R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a carbon number of 1 to 6 Linear or branched alkyl group or methylol group], hydroxyl group, mercapto group, linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl group And a group selected from the group consisting of vinyl groups.
- r in the formula (3) represents a number of 1 to 100
- Y 1 is [R 1 R 2 N (CH 2 ) mNR 3 R 4 ], a piperazine or a diamine containing a piperazine ring
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same group.
- M may be different
- m is an integer of 1 to 10
- q is a number satisfying a relationship of 0 ⁇ q ⁇ r + 2.
- R 7 , R 8 , R 10 and R 11 in the formula (4) may be the same or different and are represented by an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or the following general formula (5) Represents an aromatic group.
- R 9 represents a divalent aromatic group represented by the following general formula (6) or (7), and s is a number from 0 to 30.
- a 1 and A 2 in the above general formula each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a 3 , A 4 , A 5 , A 6 , A 7 and A 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group, a halogen atom or Represents a cyano group.
- G represents a direct bond, a divalent sulfur atom, a sulfone group, an alkylidene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkylene group.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention preferably further contains zinc oxide as the component (F).
- component (C) n in the general formula (1) is 2, and p is 2, It is preferable to use melamine pyrophosphate in which X 1 is melamine (Z 1 and Z 2 in the general formula (2) are —NH 2 ).
- the component (D) it is preferable to use piperazine polyphosphate in which q in the general formula (3) is 1 and Y 1 is piperazine, and it is particularly preferable to use piperazine pyrophosphate.
- the ethylene copolymer that is the component (B) used in the present invention it is preferable to use an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent compatibility, dispersibility, processability, and flame retardancy, mainly composed of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and an ethylene copolymer. Therefore, it is particularly suitable as a coating material for electric wires or cables.
- thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) as the component (A) used in the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is generally prepared using a polyol, a diisocyanate, and a chain extender.
- the polyol include polyester polyol, polyester ether polyol, polycarbonate polyol, and polyether polyol.
- polyester polyol examples include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid; aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid.
- At least one selected from alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as hexahydrophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, and hexahydroisophthalic acid; or acid esters or acid anhydrides thereof; and ethylene glycol 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5 -Pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-octane
- a polyester polyol obtained by an esterification reaction with at least one selected from a polyol, 1,9-nonanediol, and the like; and a polylactone diol obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a lactone monomer such as ⁇ -caprolactone Etc.
- polyester ether polyol examples include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid; aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; At least one selected from alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as hexahydrophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, and hexahydroisophthalic acid; or acid esters or acid anhydrides thereof; and diethylene glycol or propylene oxide Examples thereof include a compound obtained by an esterification reaction with at least one selected from glycols such as adducts.
- aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and
- examples of the polycarbonate polyol include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1, One or more polyhydric alcohols such as 6-hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, diethylene glycol, and diethylene
- the polycarbonate polyol obtained by making carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc. react is mentioned. Further, it may be a copolymer of polycaprolactone polyol (PCL) and polyhexamethylene carbonate (PHL).
- examples of the polyether polyol include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, and the like obtained by polymerizing cyclic ethers such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and tetrahydrofuran, and copolyethers thereof.
- diisocyanate examples include tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate (NDI), tolidine diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI).
- TDI tolylene diisocyanate
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- NDI 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate
- HDI 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate
- IPDI Isophorone diisocyanate
- XDI xylylene diisocyanate
- hydrogenated XDI triisocyanate, tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), 1,6,11-undecane triisocyanate, 1,8-diisocyanate methyloctane, lysine ester Triisocyanate, 1,3,6-hexamethylene triisocyanate, bicycloheptane triisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI HMDI), and the like.
- MDI 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- HDI 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate
- a low molecular weight polyol is used as the chain extender used for the preparation of the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU).
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
- the low molecular weight polyol include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6 -Aliphatic polyols such as hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, glycerol, And aromatic glycols such as 1,4-dimethylolbenzene, bisphenol A, and ethylene oxide or propylene oxide adducts
- ester (lactone) polyurethane copolymers include Elastollan C80A10 (manufactured by BASF Japan), Elastollan C80A50 (manufactured by BASF Japan), and Resamine P-4000 series (Daiichi Seisen).
- ester (adipate) polyurethane copolymers include Pandex T-5000V (D IC Bayer Polymer Co., Ltd.), Pandex TR-3080 (DIC Bayer Polymer Co., Ltd.), Resamine P-1000 Series (Daiichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Resamine P-7000 Series (Daiichi Seika) (Manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd.), etc .; specific commercial products of ether-based polyurethane copolymers include Tran 1180A50 (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), Pandex T-8180 (manufactured by DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd.), Pandex T-8283 (manufactured by DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd.), Pandex T-1190 (Dee ICS Bayer Polyurethane copolymers).
- the blending amount of the component (A) is preferably 5 to 80% by mass, more preferably 10 to 60% by mass, most preferably 100% by mass of the sum of the components (A) and (B). Is 20 to 40% by mass. If the blending amount is less than 5% by mass, the scratch resistance and mechanical strength characteristic of the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer tend to be insufficient. If the blending amount exceeds 80% by mass, the compatibility, workability, and resin surface It tends to be insufficient in terms of sex.
- the ethylene polymer as the component (B) used in the present invention is a polymer having a structure in which ethylene is polymerized. Specific examples thereof include high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low A density polyethylene (LLDPE) etc. are mentioned.
- HDPE high-density polyethylene
- LDPE low-density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low A density polyethylene
- Examples of the ethylene-based copolymer (B) used in the present invention include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer. And ethylene-based copolymers such as ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer. Further, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymer obtained by saponifying an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer by a known method or grafting ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol by a known method, An ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or the like can also be used.
- ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer used as the component (B) described above, from the viewpoint of dispersibility and a remarkable improvement in oil resistance when mixed with a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
- the content of vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 25 to 85% by mass (10 to 65% by mol), more preferably about 30 to 85% by mass (12 to 65% by mol). Most preferably, it is about 40 to 85 mass% (18 to 65 mol%).
- these ethylene polymers and ethylene copolymers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the type, blending ratio, type of polymerization catalyst and the like may be appropriately selected.
- the blending amount of the component (B) is preferably 20 to 95% by mass, more preferably 40 to 90% by mass, most preferably 100% by mass of the sum of the components (A) and (B). Is 60 to 80% by mass. If the blending amount is less than 20% by mass, it tends to be unsatisfactory in terms of compatibility, workability, and resin surface properties. If it exceeds 95% by mass, not only scratch resistance and mechanical strength but also compatibility, It tends to be unsatisfactory in terms of processability and resin surface properties.
- component and (D) component which are used for the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of this invention are demonstrated.
- Component (C) and component (D) are flame retardant components, and are components that exhibit flame retardancy by forming a surface expansion layer (Intumescent) during combustion of the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention.
- the (poly) phosphate compound represented by the following general formula (1) used as the component (C) in the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is a salt of phosphoric acid and ammonia or a triazine derivative. .
- n in the formula (1) represents a number of 1 to 100
- X 1 is ammonia or a triazine derivative represented by the following general formula (2)
- p is a number satisfying 0 ⁇ p ⁇ n + 2.
- Z 1 and Z 2 in the formula (2) may be the same or different, and —NR 5 R 6 group [wherein R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a carbon number of 1 to 6 Linear or branched alkyl group or methylol group], hydroxyl group, mercapto group, linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl group And a group selected from the group consisting of vinyl groups.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by Z 1 and Z 2 in the general formula (2) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tertiary Butyl, isobutyl, amyl, isoamyl, tert-amyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, isoheptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, tert-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, decyl, etc.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkoxy group of ⁇ 10 include groups derived from these alkyl groups.
- triazine derivative examples include melamine, acetoguanamine, benzoguanamine, acrylic guanamine, 2,4-diamino-6-nonyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxy-1 , 3,5-triazine, 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diamino- 6-ethoxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6-propoxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6-isopropoxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2 , 4-diamino-6-mercapto-1,3,5-triazine, 2-amino-4,6-dimercapto-1,3,5-triazine and the like.
- Examples of the (poly) phosphate compound preferably used as the component (C) in the present invention include a salt of phosphoric acid and melamine, or an ammonium polyphosphate compound.
- Examples of the salt of phosphoric acid and melamine that are preferably used include melamine orthophosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, and melamine polyphosphate. In the present invention, among these, it is particularly preferable to use melamine pyrophosphate in which n in the general formula (1) is 2, p is 2, and X 1 is melamine.
- the salt of phosphoric acid and melamine can be obtained by the following method.
- hydrochloric acid is added to and reacted with a mixture of sodium pyrophosphate and melamine having an arbitrary reaction ratio, and neutralized with sodium hydroxide to obtain melamine pyrophosphate.
- the ammonium polyphosphate compound is a compound containing ammonium polyphosphate alone or ammonium polyphosphate as a main component. A commercial item can be used as this ammonium polyphosphate simple substance.
- a compound containing ammonium polyphosphate as a main component can also be used.
- such compounds include those in which ammonium polyphosphate is coated or microencapsulated with a thermosetting resin, those in which the surface of ammonium polyphosphate is coated with a melamine monomer or other nitrogen-containing organic compound, a surfactant or silicon.
- a melamine monomer or other nitrogen-containing organic compound such as a melamine monomer or other nitrogen-containing organic compound, a surfactant or silicon.
- those that have been made slightly soluble by adding melamine or the like in the process of producing ammonium polyphosphate can be mentioned.
- Exolit-462 manufactured by Clariant Co.
- Sumisafe-PM manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Terrage-C60 manufactured by Chisso Co., Ltd.
- Terrage-C70 For example, Terrage-C80.
- the (poly) phosphate compound represented by the following general formula (3) used as the component (D) in the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is a salt of phosphoric acid and diamine or piperazine.
- r represents 1 to 100
- Y 1 is [R 1 R 2 N (CH 2 ) mNR 3 R 4 ], a piperazine or a diamine containing a piperazine ring
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same group or different.
- M is an integer of 1 to 10
- q is a number satisfying 0 ⁇ q ⁇ r + 2.
- diamine represented by Y 1 in the general formula (3) include N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyldiaminomethane, ethylenediamine, N, N′-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N′— Diethylethylenediamine, N, N-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N-diethylethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-diethylethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, 1, 2-propanediamine, 1,3-propanediamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane Piperazine, trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 1,
- Examples of the (poly) phosphate compound preferably used as the component (D) include salts of phosphoric acid and piperazine.
- Specific examples of the salt of phosphoric acid and piperazine include piperazine orthophosphate, piperazine pyrophosphate, and piperazine polyphosphate.
- piperazine polyphosphate particularly piperazine pyrophosphate, in which q in the above general formula (3) is 1 and Y 1 is piperazine.
- the salt of phosphoric acid and piperazine can be obtained by a known method.
- piperazine pyrophosphate piperazine and pyrophosphoric acid can be easily reacted with water or an aqueous methanol solution to obtain a hardly water-soluble precipitate.
- piperazine polyphosphate it may be a salt obtained from orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, tripolyphosphoric acid, a mixture of other polyphosphoric acids and piperazine, and the composition of the starting polyphosphoric acid is particularly limited. It is not something.
- the blending amount of the component (C) is preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 35 parts per 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin composition containing the components (A) and (B) as main components. Part by mass.
- the blending amount of the component (D) is preferably 10 to 90 parts by mass, more preferably 15 to 50 parts per 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of the components (A) and (B). Part by mass.
- the total blending amount of the component (C) and the component (D) that are flame retardant components is preferably 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin composition containing the components (A) and (B) as the main components.
- the amount is 15 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 25 to 85 parts by mass. If it is less than 15 parts by mass, a sufficient flame retarding effect may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 150 parts by mass, the properties as a resin may be reduced.
- the component (E) used in the present invention improves the compatibility of the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer of the component (A) and the ethylene copolymer of the component (B) used in the present invention. It is a component that acts as a compatibilizer / dispersant that improves the compatibility and dispersibility of the component D) as well as other additive components in the composition.
- the (E) component condensed phosphate ester is represented by the following general formula (4).
- R 7 , R 8 , R 10 and R 11 in the formula (4) may be the same or different and are represented by an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or the following general formula (5) Represents an aromatic group.
- R 9 represents a divalent aromatic group represented by the following general formula (6) or (7), and s represents a number from 0 to 30.
- a 1 and A 2 in the formula (5) each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- a 3 in the formulas (6) and (7), A 4 , A 5 , A 6 , A 7 and A 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group, a halogen atom or a cyano group.
- G represents a direct bond, a divalent sulfur atom, a sulfone group, an alkylidene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkylene group.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 10 , R 11 , A 1 and A 2 in the general formulas (4) to (7) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, Examples include isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl, amyl, tertiary amyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-octyl, nonyl, decyl and the like.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , A 6 , A 7 and A 8 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl and tertiary butyl.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group include cyclohexyl and the like.
- Examples of the aryl group include phenyl, cresyl, xylyl, 2,6-xylyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, butylphenyl, nonylphenyl and the like.
- Examples of the alkoxy group include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and the like.
- Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom.
- Examples of the aromatic group represented by the general formula (5) include phenyl, cresyl, xylyl, 2,6-xylyl, butylphenyl, nonylphenyl and the like.
- Examples of the alkylidene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by G include ethylidene and isopropylidene.
- Examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms include methylene, ethylene, trimethylene and tetramethylene.
- s is 0 to 30, preferably 1 to 10.
- the phosphoric acid ester compound used as the component (E) in the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention include the following compound Nos.
- the compound No. 1-6 is particularly preferable because the compatibility / dispersibility improvement effect is high. It is preferred to use 2 compounds.
- the blending amount of the component (E) in the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is preferably 0 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of the components (A) and (B). 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and most preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass. If it is less than 0.01 part by mass, the effect of improving the compatibility and dispersibility may not be obtained, and if it is 15 parts by mass or more, it may be economically disadvantageous.
- the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention further contains zinc oxide, which is a flame retardant aid, as the component (F).
- the zinc oxide may be surface-treated.
- commercially available zinc oxide can be used. Examples of commercially available zinc oxide include, for example, one type of zinc oxide (manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), partially coated zinc oxide (manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and Nanofine 50 (average particle size of 0.02 ⁇ m).
- the blending amount of zinc oxide as the component (F) is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of the components (A) and (B). The amount is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises a component (C), a component (D) and a component (E) with respect to the thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of the component (A) and the component (B).
- blending is essential, it is preferable to further contain the component (F).
- the timing of blending the components (C) to (F) into the thermoplastic resin composition There is no particular limitation on the timing of blending the components (C) to (F) into the thermoplastic resin composition.
- two or more types selected from the components (C) to (F) may be pre-packed into a thermoplastic resin composition containing the components (A) and (B) as main components.
- the individual components may be blended with the thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of the component (A) and the component (B).
- each of the components (A) to (F) may be blended to form a flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition.
- each component When making one pack, each component may be pulverized and mixed, or mixed and then pulverized. Moreover, you may mix
- MFR melt flow rate
- fluorine-based anti-drip agent examples include, for example, fluorine-based resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyhexafluoropropylene, sodium perfluoromethanesulfonate, and perfluoro-n-butanesulfonic acid.
- fluorine-based resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyhexafluoropropylene, sodium perfluoromethanesulfonate, and perfluoro-n-butanesulfonic acid.
- Perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid alkali metal salt compound such as potassium salt, perfluoro-t-butanesulfonic acid potassium salt, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid sodium salt, perfluoro-2-ethylhexanesulfonic acid calcium salt or perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid Examples include alkaline earth metal
- the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention may be blended with silicone oil in order to suppress secondary aggregation at the time of blending and improve water resistance. It is preferable to use a silicone oil having a siloxane structure. Silicone oil having a methylpolysiloxane structure consists of a dimethylpolysiloxane structure alone, a structure containing both a dimethylpolysiloxane structure and a methylhydrogenpolysiloxane structure, and a methylhydrogenpolysiloxane structure only. Things can be raised.
- the silicone oil may be epoxy-modified, carboxyl-modified, carbinol-modified and / or amino-modified.
- silicone oil examples include: KF-99 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) for a 100% methyl hydrogen structure, and HMS-151 (some for a methyl hydrogen structure). Gelest), HMS-071 (Gelest), HMS-301 (Gelest), DMS-H21 (Gelest) and the like, and epoxy modified products include, for example, X-22-2000 (Shin-Etsu).
- KF-102 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- carboxyl modified products for example, X-22-4015 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- carbinol modified products for example, Examples of X-22-4015 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and amino-modified products include KF-393 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- a synthetic resin other than the components (A) and (B) may be blended as the resin component.
- synthetic resins include ⁇ -olefin polymers such as polypropylene, polybutene, poly-3-methylpentene, and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, Polyvinylidene fluoride, rubber chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride-vinyl acetate terpolymer, vinyl chloride- Halogen-containing resins such as acrylic ester copolymers, vinyl chloride-maleic ester copolymers, vinyl chloride-cyclohexyl maleimide copolymers, petroleum resins, coumarone resins, poly
- Linear polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides such as polyphenylene oxide, polycaprolactam and polyhexamethylene adipamide, polycarbonate, polycarbonate / ABS resin, branched polycarbonate, polyacetal, polyphenylene sulfide, polyurethane, and fibrous resin
- Thermoplastic resins such as these and their blends or phenol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated It can be exemplified thermosetting resins such as Riesuteru resin. Further, it may be an elastomer such as isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber.
- a lubricant with the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of this invention as needed.
- Such lubricants include pure hydrocarbon lubricants such as liquid paraffin, natural paraffin, micro wax, synthetic paraffin and low molecular weight polyethylene; halogenated hydrocarbon lubricants; fatty acid lubricants such as higher fatty acids and oxy fatty acids; fatty acid amides , Fatty acid amide-based lubricants such as bis-fatty acid amides; ester-based lubricants such as lower alcohol esters of fatty acids, polyhydric alcohol esters of fatty acids such as glycerides, polyglycol esters of fatty acids, fatty alcohol esters of fatty acids (ester waxes); metal soaps , Fatty alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, polyglycol, polyglycerol, partial ester of fatty acid and polyhydric alcohol, fatty acid and polyglycol, partial ester based lubricant of poly
- the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention may be added with a phenolic antioxidant, a phosphorus antioxidant, a thioether antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a hindered amine light stabilizer, etc., as necessary. It is preferable to stabilize.
- a phenolic antioxidant include 2,6-ditert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, distearyl (3,5-ditert-butyl-4).
- Examples of the phosphorus antioxidant include trisnonylphenyl phosphite, tris [2-tert-butyl-4- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenylthio) -5-methylphenyl].
- Phosphite tridecyl phosphite, octyl diphenyl phosphite, di (decyl) monophenyl phosphite, di (tridecyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, di (nonylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4-di Tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4,6-tritert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite Phosphite, bis (2,4-dicumylphenyl) pe Taerythritol diphosphite, tetra (tridecyl) isopropylidene diphenol diphosphit
- thioether-based antioxidant examples include dialkylthiodipropionates such as dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, and pentaerythritol tetra ( ⁇ -alkylmercaptopropionate). These are 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin composition containing the components (A) and (B) as main components. Part by mass is used.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, and 5,5′-methylenebis (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone).
- 2-Hydroxybenzophenones such as 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-ditert-butylphenyl) -5-chloro Benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-tert-butyl-5′-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-tert.
- Octylphenyl) benzotriazole 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-dicumylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2 2- (methylenebis (4-tert-octyl-6- (benzotriazolyl) phenol), 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-tert-butyl-5′-carboxyphenyl) benzotriazole and the like 2- ( 2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazoles; phenyl salicylate, resorcinol monobenzoate, 2,4-ditertiarybutylphenyl-3,5-ditertiarybutyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 2,4-ditertiary amylphenyl Benzoates such as 3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and hexadecyl-3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; 2-ethyl-2′-ethoxyoxanilide, 2-ethoxy Substitute
- hindered amine light stabilizer examples include 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 2,2, 6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylbenzoate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) Sebacate, bis (1-octoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) -1,2,3,4 -Butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis (2,2 , 6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) -di (tridec
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention p-tert-butylaluminum benzoate, aromatic phosphate metal salt, dibenzylidene sorbitols and the like are included as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Nucleating agent, antistatic agent, metal soap, hydrotalcite, triazine ring-containing compound, metal hydroxide, inorganic phosphorus flame retardant, silicon flame retardant, other inorganic flame retardant aid, other organic may add a flame retardant, a filler, a pigment, a foaming agent, etc.
- triazine ring-containing compound examples include melamine, ammelin, benzguanamine, acetoguanamine, phthalodiguanamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine pyrophosphate, butylenediguanamine, norbornene diguanamine, methylene diguanamine, ethylene dimelamine, trimethylene Dimelamine, tetramethylene dimelamine, hexamethylene dimelamine, 1,3-hexylene dimelamine and the like can be mentioned.
- metal hydroxide examples include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, Kismer 5A (magnesium hydroxide: manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- Examples of the other inorganic flame retardant aids include inorganic compounds such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, hydrotalcite, and surface-treated products thereof.
- inorganic compounds such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, hydrotalcite, and surface-treated products thereof.
- TIPAQUE R-680 titanium oxide: manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- Kyowa Mag 150 magnesium oxide: manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- DHT-4A hydrotalcite: manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Alkamizer 4 Various commercially available products such as (Zinc-modified hydrotalcite: manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention includes additives that are usually used in synthetic resins as necessary, for example, crosslinking agents, antistatic agents, antifogging agents, plate-out preventing agents, surface treatments.
- additives that are usually used in synthetic resins as necessary, for example, crosslinking agents, antistatic agents, antifogging agents, plate-out preventing agents, surface treatments.
- a flame-retardant synthetic resin molding can be obtained by molding the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention by a known method.
- the molding method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include extrusion molding, calendering molding, injection molding, roll molding, compression molding, and blow molding.
- extrusion molding calendering molding
- injection molding roll molding
- compression molding compression molding
- blow molding blow molding
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention and the molded product thereof are electric / electronic / communication, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, mining, construction, food, textile, clothing, medical, coal, petroleum, rubber, leather, automobile, It can be used in a wide range of industrial fields such as precision equipment, wood, building materials, civil engineering, furniture, printing, and musical instruments. More specifically, printers, personal computers, word processors, keyboards, PDAs (small information terminals), telephones, copiers, facsimiles, ECRs (electronic cash registers), calculators, electronic notebooks, cards, holders, stationery, etc.
- AV equipment such as liquid crystal displays, connectors, relays, capacitors, switches, printed boards, coil bobbins, semiconductor sealing materials, LED sealing materials, electric wires, cables, transformers, deflection yokes, distribution boards, watches, etc. It is used for applications such as communication equipment.
- the flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition and the molded product thereof include a seat (filling, outer material, etc.), belt, ceiling, compatible top, armrest, door trim, rear package tray, carpet, mat, sun visor, Foil cover, mattress cover, airbag, insulation material, suspension hand, suspension band, electric wire coating material, electrical insulation material, paint, coating material, upholstery material, flooring, corner wall, carpet, wallpaper, wall covering, Exterior materials, interior materials, roofing materials, deck materials, wall materials, pillar materials, floorboards, eaves materials, frames and repetitive shapes, window and door shapes, slabs, siding, terraces, balconies, soundproofing plates, heat insulation plates Automobiles, vehicles, ships, aircraft, buildings, housing and building materials, civil engineering materials, clothing, curtains, sheets, plywood, synthetic fibers, carpets, doormats, sheets, buckets, hoses, containers , Glasses, bags, cases, goggles, skis, rackets, tents, household goods of the musical instrument or the like, and is used in sporting
- Example 1 to Comparative Example 1 to 20 parts by mass of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (Daiichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Resamine P-1078F) and 40 parts by mass of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (manufactured by Tosoh Co., Ltd .: Ultrasen 635) were mixed with calcium stearate ( Lubricant) 0.1 parts by mass, tetrakis [3- (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate methyl] methane (phenolic antioxidant) 0.1 parts by mass, Tris (2,4 -Di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (phosphorus antioxidant) 0.1 part by mass, glycerin monostearate (lubricant) (manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd .: S-100) 0.3 part by mass, and silicone A thermoplastic resin composition obtained by blending
- test piece was obtained in the same manner using 40 parts by mass of low-density polyethylene (manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd .: PES-120) instead of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer used in the preparation of the test piece.
- low-density polyethylene manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd .: PES-120
- the workability test, the flame retardance test, and the compatibility test were done and evaluated on the following conditions. The results are shown in Table 1.
- ⁇ Processability test evaluation> The processability was evaluated by visually checking the surface of the strand during the extrusion process and evaluating it according to the following criteria. ⁇ : The surface of the strand is smooth and excellent in smoothness. ⁇ : Some irregularities are observed on the surface of the strand. X: The surface of the strand has irregularities and is not smooth.
- ⁇ Compatibility test> The cross section of the test piece was confirmed using an electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd .: JSM-6390LA). Cross-sectional photographs are shown in FIGS. From the photograph, compatibility was judged according to the following criteria. ⁇ : Compatible and excellent in compatibility and dispersibility. ⁇ : Slightly incompatible part, slightly incompatible and dispersible. X: Incompatible and inferior in compatibility and dispersibility.
- (C) component and (D) component which were described in Table 1 were manufactured with the following method.
- [Production Example 1] (C) Component: Melamine pyrophosphate Pyrophosphate and melamine were reacted at 1: 1.
- [Production Example 2] (D) Component: Piperazine pyrophosphate Pyrophosphate and piperazine were reacted at 1: 1.
- Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention achieved V-0 in the UL-94V test and were excellent in workability, compatibility, and dispersibility.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 V-0 was achieved in the UL-94V test, but it was confirmed that the processability, compatibility, and dispersibility were inferior.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is composed of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer excellent in mechanical strength and abrasion resistance and a thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of an ethylene-based copolymer.
- a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer excellent in mechanical strength and abrasion resistance
- a thermoplastic resin composition mainly composed of an ethylene-based copolymer.
- it since it is excellent in compatibility, dispersibility, workability and flame retardancy, it is particularly suitable as a coating material for electric wires or cables.
- halogen since halogen is not used, it is excellent in environmental suitability and is extremely useful in industry.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第2の目的は、難燃性、表面性及び物性に優れた電線又はケーブルを提供することにある。
すなわち本発明は、下記、(A)成分及び(B)成分を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物に対して、下記(C)成分、(D)成分及び(E)成分を配合してなることを特徴とする難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物、及び、それを用いた電線又はケーブルである。
(B)成分:エチレン重合体及び/又はエチレン系共重合体
(C)成分:下記一般式(1)で表される(ポリ)リン酸塩化合物
(D)成分:下記一般式(3)で表される(ポリ)リン酸塩化合物
(E)成分:下記一般式(4)で表されるリン酸エステル化合物
但し、(1)式中のnは1~100の数を表し、X1はアンモニア又は下記一般式(2)で表されるトリアジン誘導体であり、pは、0<p≦n+2の関係を満たす数である。
但し、(2)式中のZ1及びZ2は同一でも異なっていてもよく、-NR5R6基〔ここでR5及びR6はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~6の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基もしくはメチロール基〕、水酸基、メルカプト基、炭素原子数1~10の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10の直鎖又は分岐のアルコキシ基、フェニル基及びビニル基からなる群より選ばれる基である。
但し、(3)式中のrは1~100の数を表し、Y1は〔R1R2N(CH2)mNR3R4〕、ピペラジン又はピペラジン環を含むジアミンであり、R1、R2、R3及びR4はそれぞれ、水素原子、炭素原子数1~5の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基であり、R1、R2、R3及びR4は同一の基であっても異なってもよく、mは1~10の整数であり、qは0<q≦r+2の関係を満たす数である。
但し、(4)式中のR7、R8、R10及びR11は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、又は下記一般式(5)で表される芳香族基を表す。R9は下記一般式(6)又は(7)で表される2価の芳香族基を表し、sは0~30の数である。
但し、上記一般式中のA1及びA2は、各々独立に水素原子、ヒドロキシ基又は炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基を表す。A3、A4、A5、A6、A7及びA8は各々独立に水素原子、炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子又はシアノ基を表す。Gは直接結合、2価のイオウ原子、スルホン基又は炭素原子数1~5のアルキリデン基もしくはアルキレン基を表す。
また本発明で使用する前記(B)成分であるエチレン系共重合体としては、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体を使用することが好ましい。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物で用いる(A)成分の熱可塑性ポリウレタン系エラストマー(TPU)は、一般に、ポリオール、ジイソシアネート、及び鎖延長剤を用いて調製される。ポリオールとしては、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリエステルエーテルポリオール、ポリカーボネートポリオール及びポリエーテルポリオールが挙げられる。
また、ポリカプロラクトンポリオール(PCL)とポリヘキサメチレンカーボネート(PHL)との共重合体であっても良い。
これらの熱可塑性ポリウレタン系エラストマー(TPU)は、単独で用いても、組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本発明で使用する(B)成分であるエチレン重合体は、エチレンが重合した構造を持つ高分子であり、具体例としては、高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)、低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)、線状低密度ポリエチレン(LLDPE)などが挙げられる。
(B)成分の配合量は、(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計を100質量%として、20~95質量%であることが好ましく、より好ましくは40~90質量%であり、最も好ましくは60~80質量%である。配合量が20質量%未満では、相溶性、加工性、樹脂の表面性の点で不満足なものとなる傾向があり、95質量%を超えると、耐傷性や機械強度のみならず、相溶性、加工性、及び樹脂の表面性の点で不満足なものとなる傾向がある。
(C)成分と(D)成分は難燃剤成分であり、本発明の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物の燃焼時に、表面膨張層(Intumescent)を形成して難燃性を発現する成分である。
本発明の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物において(C)成分として用いられる下記一般式(1)で表される(ポリ)リン酸塩化合物は、リン酸とアンモニアまたはトリアジン誘導体との塩である。
但し、(1)式中のnは1~100の数を表し、X1はアンモニアまたは下記一般式(2)で表されるトリアジン誘導体であり、pは、0<p≦n+2を満たす数である。
但し、(2)式中のZ1及びZ2は同一でも異なっていてもよく、-NR5R6基〔ここでR5及びR6はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~6の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基もしくはメチロール基〕、水酸基、メルカプト基、炭素原子数1~10の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10の直鎖又は分岐のアルコキシ基、フェニル基及びビニル基からなる群より選ばれる基である。
また、前記ポリリン酸アンモニウム化合物は、ポリリン酸アンモニウム単体若しくはポリリン酸アンモニウムを主成分とする化合物である。このポリリン酸アンモニウム単体としては、市販品を使用することができる。市販品としては、クラリアント社製のエキソリット-422、エキソリット-700、モンサント社製のフォスチェク-P/30、フォスチェク-P/40、住友化学(株)製のスミセーフ-P、チッソ(株)製のテラージュ-S10、テラージュ-S20等を挙げることができる。
上記のポリリン酸アンモニウムを主成分とする化合物の市販品としては、クラリアント社製のエキソリット-462、住友化学(株)製のスミセーフ-PM、チッソ(株)製のテラージュ-C60、テラージュ-C70、テラージュ-C80等が挙げられる。
但し、(3)式中のrは1~100を表し、Y1は〔R1R2N(CH2)mNR3R4〕、ピペラジンまたはピペラジン環を含むジアミンであり、R1、R2、R3及びR4は、それぞれ水素原子、炭素原子数1~5の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基であり、R1、R2、R3及びR4は同一の基であっても異なってもよく、mは1~10の整数であり、qは、0<q≦r+2を満足する数である。
本発明で使用する(E)成分は、本発明で使用する(A)成分の熱可塑性ポリウレタンエラストマーと(B)成分のエチレン系共重合体の相溶性を改良し、更に(C)成分と(D)成分のみならず、他の添加成分の組成物中における相溶性と分散性を改良する相溶化剤・分散剤として働く成分である。
(E)成分の縮合リン酸エステルは、下記一般式(4)で表される。
但し、(4)式中のR7、R8、R10及びR11は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、又は下記一般式(5)で表される芳香族基を表す。R9は下記一般式(6)又は(7)で表される2価の芳香族基を表し、sは0~30の数を表す。
また、(E)成分であるリン酸エステル化合物を表す、上記一般式(4)におけるsは0~30であり、好ましくは1~10である。
(F)成分としての酸化亜鉛の配合量は、(A)成分及び(B)成分を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.01~10質量部、さらに好ましくは0.1~5質量部である。
また、本発明の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物には、フッ素系のドリップ防止剤を配合してもよい。ただしこれらのフッ素系ドリップ防止剤を配合した場合には、樹脂のメルトフローレート(MFR)の低下を引き起こす傾向が顕著であるため、注意が必要である。
メチルポリシロキサン構造のシリコーンオイルには、ジメチルポリシロキサン構造のみからなるものと、ジメチルポリシロキサン構造とメチルハイドロジェンポリシロキサン構造の両者を含む構造からなるものと、メチルハイドロジェンポリシロキサン構造のみからなるものがあげられる。また、上記シリコーンオイルは、エポキシ変性、カルボキシル変性、カルビノール変性及び/又はアミノ変性されたものでもよい。
このような滑剤としては、流動パラフィン、天然パラフィン、マイクロワックス、合成パラフィン、低分子量ポリエチレン等の純炭化水素系滑剤;ハロゲン化炭化水素系滑剤;高級脂肪酸、オキシ脂肪酸等の脂肪酸系滑剤;脂肪酸アミド、ビス脂肪酸アミド等の脂肪酸アミド系滑剤;脂肪酸の低級アルコールエステル、グリセリド等の脂肪酸の多価アルコールエステル、脂肪酸のポリグリコールエステル、脂肪酸の脂肪アルコールエステル(エステルワックス)等のエステル系滑剤;金属石鹸、脂肪アルコール、多価アルコール、ポリグリコール、ポリグリセロール、脂肪酸と多価アルコールの部分エステル、脂肪酸とポリグリコール、ポリグリセロールの部分エステル系の滑剤や、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系共重合体、シリコーンオイル等が挙げられる。
滑剤の好ましい配合量は、(A)成分及び(B)成分を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物100質量部に対して、0.01~5質量部、好ましくは、0.1~1質量部である。
上記フェノール系酸化防止剤としては、例えば、2,6-ジ第三ブチル-p-クレゾール、2,6-ジフェニル-4-オクタデシロキシフェノール、ジステアリル(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)ホスホネート、1,6-ヘキサメチレンビス〔(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸アミド〕、4,4’-チオビス(6-第三ブチル-m-クレゾール)、2,2’-メチレンビス(4-メチル-6-第三ブチルフェノール)、2,2’-メチレンビス(4-エチル-6-第三ブチルフェノール)、4,4’-ブチリデンビス(6-第三ブチル-m-クレゾール)、2,2’-エチリデンビス(4,6―ジ第三ブチルフェノール)、2,2’-エチリデンビス(4-第二ブチル-6-第三ブチルフェノール)、1,1,3-トリス(2-メチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-第三ブチルフェニル)ブタン、1,3,5-トリス(2,6-ジメチル-3-ヒドロキシ-4-第三ブチルベンジル)イソシアヌレート、1,3,5-トリス(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)イソシアヌレート、1,3,5-トリス(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)-2,4,6-トリメチルベンゼン、2-第三ブチル-4-メチル-6-(2-アクリロイルオキシ-3-第三ブチル-5-メチルベンジル)フェノール、ステアリル(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート、テトラキス〔3-(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸メチル〕メタン、チオジエチレングリコールビス〔(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕、1,6-ヘキサメチレンビス〔(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕、ビス〔3,3-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-第三ブチルフェニル)ブチリックアシッド〕グリコールエステル、ビス〔2-第三ブチル-4-メチル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-第三ブチル-5-メチルベンジル)フェニル〕テレフタレート、1,3,5-トリス〔(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニルオキシエチル〕イソシアヌレート、3,9-ビス〔1,1-ジメチル-2-{(3-第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオニルオキシ}エチル〕-2,4,8,10-テトラオキサスピロ〔5,5〕ウンデカン、トリエチレングリコールビス〔(3-第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオネート〕等が挙げられる。これらは、(A)成分及び(B)成分を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物100質量部に対して、0.001~10質量部、好ましくは、0.05~5質量部用いられる。
R-680(酸化チタン:石原産業(株)製)、キョーワマグ150(酸化マグネシウム:協和化学工業(株)製)、DHT-4A(ハイドロタルサイト:協和化学工業(株)製)、アルカマイザー4(亜鉛変性ハイドロタルサイト:協和化学工業(株)製)、などの種々の市販品を用いることができる。
これらの用途の中でも、特に、ノンハロゲンの電線、電線被覆材、ケーブル等の用途に適している。ハロゲンを使用しないので、廃棄が従来より容易になるという利点がある。
熱可塑性ポリウレタン系エラストマー(大日精化工業(株)製:レザミンP-1078F)20質量部及びエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体(東ソー(株)製:ウルトラセン635)40質量部に、ステアリン酸カルシウム(滑剤)0.1質量部、テトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ第三ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸メチル]メタン(フェノール系酸化防止剤)0.1質量部、トリス(2,4-ジ-第三ブチルフェニル)ホスファイト(リン系酸化防止剤)0.1質量部、グリセリンモノステアレート(滑剤)(理研ビタミン(株)製:S-100)0.3質量部、及びシリコーンオイル(滑剤)(信越化学工業((株):KF-96)を配合して得られた熱可塑性樹脂組成物と、下記表1に記載した成分を配合した。次いで、下記の加工条件で押し出してペレットを製造し、これを使用して190℃で射出成型し、1.6mm×12.7mm×127mmの難燃性試験用試験片とし、相溶性を評価するための電子顕微鏡(SEM)用試験片を得た。
得られた各試験片について、下記条件で加工性試験、難燃性試験、及び相溶性試験を行って評価した。結果を表1に示す。
押し出し機:ラボプラストミル押出機(東洋精機(株)製)
温度:190℃
スクリュー:コニカル(二軸)
回転数:75rpm
ダイス:1mm×19mm
フィード:70~85g/分
加工性の評価は、上記押し出し加工時のストランドの表面を目視で確認し、以下の基準で評価することによって行った。
○:ストランドの表面が滑らかで、平滑性に優れる。
△:ストランドの表面に、少し凹凸が見られる。
×:ストランドの表面に、凹凸があり、平滑でない。
長さ127mm、幅12.7mm、厚さ1.6mmの試験片を垂直に保ち、下端にバーナーの火を10秒間接炎させた後で炎を取り除き、試験片に着火した火が消えるまでの時間を測定した。次に、火が消えると同時に2回目の接炎を10秒間行ない、1回目と同様にして着火した火が消えるまでの時間を測定した。また、落下する火種により試験片の下の綿が着火するか否かについても同時に評価した。
1回目と2回目の燃焼時間、及び綿着火の有無等から、UL-94V規格にしたがって燃焼ランクをつけた。燃焼ランクはV-0が最高のものであり、V-1、V-2となるにしたがって難燃性は低下する。但し、V-0~V-2のランクの何れにも該当しないものはNRとした。
電子顕微鏡(日本電子(株)製:JSM-6390LA)を用いて試験片の断面を確認した。断面の写真を図1~4に示す。
その写真から相溶性を以下の基準で判定した。
○:相溶しており、相溶性・分散性に優れている。
△:やや非相溶の部分があり、相溶性・分散性にやや劣る。
×:非相溶であり、相溶性・分散性に劣る。
〔製造例1〕
(C)成分:ピロリン酸メラミン
ピロリン酸とメラミンを1:1で反応させて製造した。
〔製造例2〕
(D)成分:ピロリン酸ピペラジン
ピロリン酸とピペラジンを1:1で反応させて製造した。
Claims (8)
- (A)成分である熱可塑性ポリウレタン系エラストマー及び(B)成分であるエチレン重合体及び/またはエチレン系共重合体を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物に対して、下記、(C)成分、(D)成分及び(E)成分を配合してなることを特徴とする難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物;
(C)成分:
下記一般式(1)で表される(ポリ)リン酸塩化合物。
但し、(1)式中のnは1~100の数を表し、X1はアンモニアまたは下記一般式(2)で表されるトリアジン誘導体であり、pは、0<p≦n+2を満たす数である。
但し、(2)式中のZ1及びZ2は同一でも異なっていてもよく、-NR5R6基〔ここでR5及びR6はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~6の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基もしくはメチロール基〕、水酸基、メルカプト基、炭素原子数1~10の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10の直鎖又は分岐のアルコキシ基、フェニル基及びビニル基からなる群より選ばれる基である。
(D)成分:
下記一般式(3)で表される(ポリ)リン酸塩化合物。
但し、(3)式中のrは1~100を表し、Y1は〔R1R2N(CH2)mNR3R4〕、ピペラジンまたはピペラジン環を含むジアミンであり、R1、R2、R3及びR4は、それぞれ水素原子、炭素原子数1~5の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基であり、R1、R2、R3及びR4は同一の基であっても異なってもよく、mは1~10の整数であり、qは、0<q≦r+2を満足する数である。
(E)成分:
下記一般式(4)で表されるリン酸エステル化合物。
但し、(4)式中のR7、R8、R10及びR11は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、または下記一般式(5)で表される芳香族基を表す。R9は下記一般式(6)または(7)で表される2価の芳香族基を表し、sは0~30の数である
但し、上式中のA1及びA2は各々独立に、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基または炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基を表す。A3、A4、A5、A6、A7及びA8は各々独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子又はシアノ基を表す。Gは直接結合、2価のイオウ原子、スルホン基または炭素原子数1~5のアルキリデン基又はアルキレン基を表す。 - (F)成分として、更に酸化亜鉛を配合してなる、請求項1に記載された難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(C)成分として、前記一般式(1)におけるnが2、pが2、X1がメラミン(前記一般式(2)におけるZ1及びZ2が-NH2)であるピロリン酸メラミンを用いる、請求項1又は2に記載された難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(D)成分として、前記一般式(3)におけるqが1、Y1がピペラジンであるポリリン酸ピペラジンを用いる、請求項1~3の何れかに記載された難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリリン酸ピペラジンがピロリン酸ピペラジンである、請求項4に記載された難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(B)成分であるエチレン系共重合体がエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体である、請求項1~5の何れかに記載された、難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(A)成分の配合量が、(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計100質量%中の5~80質量%である、請求項1~6の何れかに記載された難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7の何れかに記載された難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いてなる、電線またはケーブル。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5344742B2 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
EP2311908A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
CN102112539A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
EP2311908B8 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
US20110130491A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
CN102112539B (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
KR20110030651A (ko) | 2011-03-23 |
KR101584832B1 (ko) | 2016-01-12 |
EP2311908A4 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
EP2311908B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
JP2010037393A (ja) | 2010-02-18 |
US8735473B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
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