Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/008—Preparations for oily skin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
  • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
  • A61K8/9728—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
  • A61K8/99—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from microorganisms other than algae or fungi, e.g. protozoa or bacteria
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/08—Antiseborrheics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/10—Anti-acne agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin

Definitions

• Cosmetic use of microorganisms for the treatment of oily skin The present invention relates to the field of cosmetic and/or dermatological products, more particularly for use in the care of oily skin.
• the present invention aims to propose the use of a new active agent for treating and/or preventing disorders associated with oily skin, in particular through an action where sebum secretion is reduced.
• Sebum normally constitutes a hydrating agent for the epidermis. It is the natural product of the sebaceous gland which constitutes an annexe of the pilosebaceous unit. It is essentially a more or less complex mixture of lipids. Conventionally, the sebaceous gland produces squalene, triglycerides, aliphatic waxes, cholesterol waxes and, possibly free cholesterol (Stewart, M. E., Semin Dermatol 11, 100- 105(1992)). The action of bacterial lipases converts a varying part of the triglycerides formed so as to give free fatty acids.
• the sebocyte constitutes the competent cell of the sebaceous gland. Sebum production is associated with a programme of terminal differentiation of this cell. During this differentiation, the metabolic activity of the sebocyte is essentially focused on lipid biosynthesis (lipogenesis) and more specifically on fatty acid neosynthesis.
• Hyperseborrhoeic oily skin is characterized by exaggerated secretion and excretion of sebum. Conventionally, a sebum level of greater than 200 ⁇ g/cm 2 measured on the forehead is considered to be characteristic of such oily skin.
• Such skin is also often associated with a desquamation defect, a glistening complexion and a thick skin grain, manifestations which are felt to be skin imperfections or aesthetic disorders.
• Acne is a multifactor disease which affects skin rich in sebaceous glands (face, shoulder area, arms and intertrigenal areas). It is the most common form of dermatosis. In its mildest form, this dermatosis affects almost each human being. Its frequency is at a maximum during puberty, but it can manifest itself for the first time from 7 to 9 years of age and up to ages exceeding 40. It moreover affects both men and women.
• comedonal acne commonly known as juvenile acne, papulopustular and/or nodular acne, acne conglobata and "exogenous" acne which appears as a reaction to inflammatory external factors.
• acne is a disease of the sebaceous gland follicle.
• the following five pathogenic factors play a determining role in the formation of acne:
• the clinical manifestations may be of open or closed comedone type (microcyst, microcomedone, whitehead).
• the inflammatory lesions derived from the retentional lesions may be of papule or pustule type, with hardened nodules, abscesses, f ⁇ stulae, scarring.
• acneic and acne-prone individuals most commonly have oily skin, skin with an oily tendency or combination skin. Their skin is most commonly shiny, with numerous imperfections inter alia of the face (microcysts, microcomedones, whiteheads, papules, pustules, with hardened nodules, abscesses, fistulae, scarring).
• the imperfections may also be of the type such as dull, muddy skin, dyschromia, redness, or rough skin with patches of dry skin. Cutaneous hyperkeratosis is observed, on the face the pores are dilated, with the skin often being rough with a thick stratum corneum, giving the appearance of areas of dry skin in patches (epidermal atrophy and slight desquamation).
• hyperseborrhoea is clearly a biological phenomenon that it appears to be important to control effectively in order to prevent the manifestation of associated skin disorders.
• the invention relates to the cosmetic use of an effective amount of at least one probiotic microorganism, especially of the Lactobacillus sp. and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus, of a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, as an active agent for treating and/or preventing oily skin or skin with an oily tendency and the associated disorders.
• microorganism is found to be effective for the treatment and/or prevention of disorders associated with oily skin and/or skin with an oily tendency.
• skin is intended to mean the skin of the face or of the body.
• the term "effective amount”, is intended to mean an amount sufficient to obtain the expected effect.
• the term "prevent” is intended to mean the fact of reducing the risk of occurrence of the manifestation of the disorder under consideration.
• microorganisms in particular probiotic microorganisms, for skin care has already been described.
• compositions dedicated to the treatment of sensitive skin using, as active agent, a combination of a Lactobacillus paracasei or casei microorganism and of a Bifidobacterium longum or Bifidobacterium lactis microorganism.
• FR 2 872 047 describes, for its part, a combination of a probiotic microorganism with a divalent inorganic cation.
• FR 2 889 057 it discloses a topical composition comprising a probiotic microorganism in combination with a polyunsaturated fatty acid and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid ester, that is of use in the treatment of sensitive skin.
• WO 02/28402 describes the use of probiotic microorganisms for regulating hypersensitivity reactions of the skin, such as inflammatory and allergic reactions.
• WO 03/070260 relates to the use of probiotic microorganisms for the purposes of photoprotection of the skin. Consequently, none of these documents describes the use of probiotic microorganisms according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus, and in particular of the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, as an active agent that is of use in the treatment and/or prevention of oily skin or skin with an oily tendency and associated skin disorders.
• a subject of the invention is also the cosmetic, preferably topical, use of an effective amount of at least one probiotic microorganism according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus and in particular of the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, as an active agent for treating and/or preventing seborrhoeic dermatosis associated with oily skin or skin with an oily tendency.
• the present invention is also directed towards the cosmetic use of the abovementioned microorganism, as an active agent for treating and/or preventing the lesions and/or imperfections of oily skin and/or skin with an oily tendency, and in particular the retentional lesions of open or closed comedone type (microcysts, microcomedones, whiteheads) and/or the imperfections of the type such as dull, glistening or muddy skin, dyschromia, redness, or rough skin, with, as appropriate, patches of dry skin.
• open or closed comedone type microcysts, microcomedones, whiteheads
• imperfections of the type such as dull, glistening or muddy skin, dyschromia, redness, or rough skin, with, as appropriate, patches of dry skin.
• a subject of the invention is the use of the abovementioned microorganism, for the preparation of a composition, in particular a dermato logical composition, for treating and/or preventing oily skin or skin with an oily tendency and the associated disorders, such as for example, dermatosis, especially of seborrhoeic type, and in particular acne.
• the invention is in particular directed towards the use of such a microorganism for the preparation of a composition, in particular a dermatological composition, for use in the treatment or prevention of acne, and in particular of comedonal, papulopustular and/or nodular acne, acne conglobata and exogenous acne.
• Such forms of dermatosis may be the result of a benign condition caused by the excessive proliferation of a fungus and/or of yeast and in particular of yeast of the Malassezia genus.
• the inventors have in particular characterized the ability of a microorganism in accordance with the present invention to stimulate the synthesis of a surprising number of proteins capable of promoting and reinforcing the antimicrobial defences of the epidermis.
• the inventors have demonstrated that a microorganism of the
• Lactobacillus paracasei genus makes it possible to stimulate the synthesis of a surprising number of proteins capable of promoting and reinforcing the antimicrobial defences of the epidermis.
• ribonuclease 7 Uniref Accession No. Q9H1E1
• dermcidin P81605
• prolactin-inducible protein P12273
• SlOO A8 and A9 proteins P05109 and P06702
• histone protein Q5R2W0
• this stimulation of the abovementioned proteins has the advantage of effectively opposing a colonization of the epidermis by the microorganisms Malassezia furfur and Propionibacterium acnes, responsible for the skin disorders associated with oily skin and/or skin with an oily tendency.
• This decrease obtained by means of said microorganism according to the invention therefore contributes to re-establishing a balanced eco flora with, as a consequence, a decrease in inflammatory conditions of the skin and regulation of seborrhoea.
• the imperfections are reduced, the complexion becomes brighter and more homogeneous, without areas of dyschromia, or of dryness.
• a treatment in accordance with the invention may prove to be all the more effective on acne and the imperfections of the face if said microorganism combines, with its properties of stimulating the epidermal defence mechanisms, properties of stimulating the synthesis of proteases involved in the desquamation phenomenon KLK7 (Ref. P49862), KLK5 (Q9Y337), cathepsin L2 (O60911)) as attested to by the increase in fragments of corneodesmosome proteins DSGl (Q02413), DSCIa (Q9HB01), Cdsn (Q 15517), induced by the microorganism used according to the present invention.
• the keratin plug of the comedone can, it appears, then be rapidly eliminated through the action of these proteolytic enzymes, preventing the creation of a closed environment suitable for bacterial development and subsequent inflammation.
• the present invention is also directed towards the use of a microorganism in accordance with the invention, for the preparation of a composition, in particular a dermatological composition, for regulating seborrhoea.
• the present invention is also directed towards the cosmetic use of an effective amount of at least one probiotic microorganism according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus and, in particular, of the Lactobacillus paracasei STl 1 strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof as an active agent for maintaining and/or restoring skin homeostasis.
• a use in accordance with the invention may also comprise the use of at least a first probiotic microorganism according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus and, in particular, of the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, in combination with an effective amount of at least a second, ancillary microorganism, in particular a probiotic microorganism, distinct from the first microorganism.
• a use in accordance with the present invention may also comprise the use of at least one probiotic microorganism according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus and, in particular, of the Lactobacillus paracasei STl 1 strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, in combination with an effective amount of at least one active agent for decreasing and/or correcting excessive sebum secretion, for example an antiseborrhoeic active agent, in particular as described hereinafter.
• at least one probiotic microorganism according to the invention especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus and, in particular, of the Lactobacillus paracasei STl 1 strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, in combination with an effective amount of at least one active agent for decreasing and/or correcting excessive sebum secretion, for example an antiseborrhoeic active
• the present invention relates to a cosmetic composition and/or dermatological composition that is of use for treating and/or preventing oily skin or skin with an oily tendency and the associated aesthetic disorders, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable carrier, at least one probiotic microorganism according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus, and in particular of the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof in combination with an effective amount of at least one antiseborrhoeic active agent, in particular as described hereinafter.
• a probiotic microorganism especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus, and in particular of the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof in combination with an effective amount of at least one antiseborrhoeic active agent, in particular as described herein
• the subject of the invention is a method, in particular a cosmetic method, for treating and/or preventing oily skin or skin with an oily tendency and the associated disorders, in particular aesthetic disorders, in an individual, comprising at least one step of administering, to said individual, at least one probiotic microorganism according to the invention, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus and, in particular, of the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof.
• a microorganism according to the invention may be used orally. According to another variant embodiment of the invention, the microorganism according to the invention may be used topically.
• topical products act, by definition, locally on the areas to be treated, on which areas they may be unequally distributed, and require careful and repeated applications. They may also, in certain cases, be responsible for side reactions on the skin, or even discomfort.
• oral administration has the advantage of acting globally on the entire skin, in its deep layers (dermis, hypodermis), by means of a rapid and relatively non-restrictive mode of administration.
• the metabolites and other active nutriments are in particular distributed within the dermal matrix by means of the bloodstream.
• Oral administration or administration via a patch also has the advantage of a rapid and relatively non-restrictive mode of administration.
• the cosmetic use according to the invention is therefore carried out orally and the method according to the invention comprises the oral administration of said effective amount of the microorganism under consideration according to the invention, or a fraction thereof.
• compositions containing said microorganism are formulated so as to be compatible with the mode of administration selected.
• a microorganism suitable for the invention is a probiotic microorganism, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus.
• the term "probiotic microorganism” is intended to mean a living microorganism which, when it is consumed in appropriate amount, has a positive effect on the health of its host ("Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotic in Food Including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria, 6 October 2001"), and which can in particular improve the intestinal microbial balance.
• this microorganism is used in an isolated form, i.e. not mixed with one or more compound(s) that may be associated with said microorganism in its environment of origin.
• the term "metabolite” denotes any substance derived from the metabolism of the microorganisms under consideration according to the invention and which is also effective in the treatment of oily skin or skin with an oily tendency.
• the term "fraction” denotes more particularly a fragment of said microorganism which is effective in the treatment of oily skin or skin with an oily tendency, by analogy with said whole microorganism.
• the microorganisms suitable for the invention may be chosen in particular from ascomycetes such as Saccharomyces, Yarrowia, Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Debaromyces, Candida, Pichia, Aspergillus and Penicillium, bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Melissococcus, Propionibacterium, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Staphylococcus, Peptostrepococcus, Bacillus, Pediococcus, Micrococcus, Leuconostoc, Weissella, Aerococcus, Oenococcus and Lactobacillus, and mixtures thereof.
• Yarrowia lipolitica and Kluyveromyces lactis, and likewise Saccharomyces cereviseae, Torulaspora, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Candida and Pichia.
• probiotic microorganisms suitable for the invention are Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCFB 1748,); Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus casei (Shirota), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (strain GGA Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii (subsp bulgaricus, lactis), Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus johnsonii
• Lactobacillus sake Lactococcus lactis, Enterococcus (faecalis, faecium), Lactococcus lactis (subsp lactis or cremoris), Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp dextranicum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Sporolactobacillus inulinus, Streptococcus salvarius subsp.
• thermophilus Streptococcus thermophilus, Staphylococccus carnosus, Staphylococcus xylosus, Saccharomyces (cerevisiae or else boulardii), Bacillus (cereus var toyo or subtilis), Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis, Escherichia coli strain nissle, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, and mixtures thereof.
• probiotic microorganisms derived from the group of lactic acid bacteria such as, in particular, Lactobacillus anal ox Bifidobacterium.
• Lactobacillus johnsonii Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus casei or Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and mixtures thereof.
• the species most particularly suitable are Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus paracasei, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium longum, respectively deposited according to the Treaty of Budapest with the Institut Pasteur (28 rue du Dondel Roux, F-75024 Paris cedex 15) on 30/06/92, 12/01/99, 15/04/99 and 15/04/99 under the following designations: CNCM 1-1225, CNCM 1-2116, CNCM 1-2168 and CNCM 1-2170, and the Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb 12) (ATCC27536) or Bifidobacterium longum (BB536) genus.
• the Bifidobacterium lactis (ATCC27536) strain can be obtained from Hansen (Chr. Hansen AJS, 10-12 Boege AlIe, P.O. Box 407, DK- 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark).
• a probiotic microorganism suitable for the invention may in particular be a microorganism of the Lactobacillus sp. genus.
• a microorganism of the Lactobacillus sp. genus suitable for the invention may be chosen from the species Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Lactobacillus casei, and mixtures thereof.
• a microorganism suitable for the invention may be a Lactobacillus paracasei.
• a microorganism suitable for the invention may in particular be the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l strain deposited according to the Treaty of Budapest with the Institut Pasteur (28 rue du Dondel Roux, F-75024 Paris cedex 15) on 12/01/99 under the designation CNCM 1-2116, and/or a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof.
• the invention relates to the use, in addition to a first probiotic microorganism, as defined above, especially of the Lactobacillus and/or Bifidobacterium sp. genus, of at least an effective amount of at least a second microorganism, in particular of probiotic type, and/or a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof, distinct from said first microorganism.
• This second microorganism may be chosen in particular from ascomycetes such as Saccharomyces, Yarrowia, Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Debaromyces, Candida, Pichia, Aspergillus and Penicillium, bacteria of the Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Melissococcus, Propionibacterium, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Staphylococcus, Peptostrepococcus, Bacillus, Pediococcus, Micrococcus, Leuconostoc, Weissella, Aerococcus, Oenococcus, Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium genus, and mixtures thereof.
• ascomycetes such as Saccharomyces, Yarrowia, Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Debaromyces, Candida, Pichia,
• probiotic microorganisms are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus alimentarius, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus delbruckii subsp. lactis,
• Lactobacillus gasseri Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lactobacillus GG), Lactobacillus sake, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Staphylococccus carnosus, Staphylococcus xylosus, and mixtures thereof.
• the following bacterial and yeast genera are preferentially used as second microorganism: - lactic acid bacteria, which produce lactic acid by fermentation of sugar.
• Lactobacillus species Lactobacillus acidophilus, amylovorus, casei, rhamnosus, brevis, crispatus, delbrueckii (subsp bulgaricus, lactis), fermentum, helveticus, gallinarum, gasseri, johnsonii, plantarum, reuteri, salivarius, alimentarius, curvatus, casei subsp. casei, sake, and
• Gocci Enterococcus (faecalis, faecium), Lactococcus lactis (subsp lactis or cremoris), Leuconostoc mes enter oides subsp dextranicum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Sporolactobacillus inulinus, Streptococcus salvarius subsp.
• thermophilus Streptococcus thermophilus, Staphylococccus carnosus, Staphylococcus xylosus, - bifidobacteria or Bifidobacterium species: Bifidobacterium adolescentis, animalis, bifidum, breve, lactis, longum, infantis, pseudocatenulatum,
• Saccharomyces (cerevisiae or else boulardii)
• Bacillus (cereus var toyo or subtilis), Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis, Escherichia coli strain nissle, Propionibacterium freudenreichii,
• the second microorganism may be one of the probiotic microorganisms proposed above, by way of specific example of probiotic microorganisms for the first microorganism.
• the species most particularly suitable are Lactobacillus johnsonii,
• the probiotic microorganism is of the Lactobacillus species genus, in particular of the species Lactobacillus johnsonii, a fraction thereof and/or a metabolite thereof.
• Lactobacillus johnsonii respectively deposited according to the Treaty of Budapest with the Institut Pasteur (28 rue du Dondel Roux, F-75024 Paris cedex 15) on 30/06/92, under the designation CNCM 1-1225.
• a microorganism of the invention may be formulated in a composition in a proportion of at least 0.0001% (expressed by dry weight), in particular in a proportion of from 0.0001% to 20%, and more particularly in a proportion of from 0.001% to 15% by weight, in particular from 0.01% to 10% by weight, and especially from 0.1% to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• a composition according to the invention may comprise, for living microorganisms, from 10 to 10 15 cfu/g, in particular from 10 5 to 10 15 cfu/g, and more particularly from 10 7 to 10 12 cfu/g of microorganisms per gram of carrier, or at equivalent doses calculated for inactive or dead microorganisms or for microorganism fractions or for metabolites produced.
• the concentration of each microorganism and/or corresponding fraction and/or metabolite can be adjusted so as to correspond to doses (expressed as microorganism equivalent) ranging from 5 x 10 5 to 10 13 cfu/d, and in particular from 10 8 to 10 11 cfu/d.
• a composition for topical application according to the invention may generally comprise from 10 3 to 10 12 cfu/g, in particular from 10 5 to 10 10 cfu/g, and more particularly from 10 7 to 10 9 cfu/g of microorganisms.
• a composition comprises metabolites
• the contents of metabolites in the compositions correspond substantially to the contents capable of being produced by 10 3 to 10 15 cfu, in particular 10 5 to 10 15 cfu, and more particularly 10 7 to 10 12 cfu of living microorganisms per gram of carrier.
• microorganism(s) may be included in a composition according to the invention in a live, semi-active or inactivated, or dead form.
• these microorganisms are used in a live form. They may also be included in the form of cell component fractions or in the form of metabolites.
• the microorganism(s), metabolite(s) or fraction(s) may also be introduced in the form of a lyophilized powder, of a culture supernatant and/or where appropriate, in a concentrated form.
• the compositions may also contain a divalent inorganic cation.
• topical compositions it may be advantageous to use these microorganisms in inactivated or even dead form.
• compositions according to the invention may be in any of the galenical forms usually available for the method of administration selected.
• the microorganism of the invention may advantageously be combined with at least one other active agent.
• a topical or oral composition according to the invention may also contain at least one antiseborrhoeic active agent.
• antiseborrhoeic active agent is intended to mean a compound capable of regulating sebaceous gland activity.
• An antiseborrhoeic active agent suitable for the invention may in particular be chosen from retinoic acid, benzoyl peroxide, sulphur, vitamin B6 (or pyridoxine), selenium chloride, sea fennel; mixtures of extract of cinnamon, of tea and of octanoylglycine, such as Sepicontrol A5 TEA ® from Seppic; the mixture of cinnamon, sarcosine and octanoylglycine sold in particular by the company SEPPIC under the trade name Sepicontrol A5 ® ; zinc salts such as zinc gluconate, zinc pyrrolidonecarboxylate (or zinc pidolate), zinc lactate, zinc aspartate, zinc carboxylate, zinc salicylate, zinc cysteate; copper derivatives, and in particular copper pidolate such as Cuivridone ® from Solabia; extracts of plants of the species Arnica montana, Cinchona succirubra, Eugenia cary
• the antiseborrhoeic active agent is, for example, present in a content ranging from 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 5% by weight, and preferentially from 0.5% to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• compositions according to the invention may also contain several other active agents commonly used and/or permitted.
• active agents that are conventionally used, mention may be made of vitamins B3, B5, B6, B8, C, D, E, or PP, niacin, carotenoids, polyphenols, minerals and trace elements, phytoestrogens, proteins and amino acids, monosaccharides and polysaccharides, amino sugars, phytosterols and triterpenic alcohols of plant origin.
• the minerals and trace elements particularly used are zinc, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, iodine, manganese, selenium, and chromium(III).
• polyphenols from grape, from tea, from olive, from cocoa, from coffee, from apple, from blueberry, from elderberry, from strawberry, from cranberry and from onion are also in particular selected.
• isoflavones in free or glycosylated form are selected, such as genistein, daidzein, glycitein or else lignans, in particular those from flax and from Schizandra chinensis.
• the lipids preferably belong to the group of oils containing monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha- lino lenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, long-chain fish omega-3 fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA, or conjugated fatty acids derived from plants or from animals, such as CLAs (conjugated linoleic acids).
• monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha- lino lenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, long-chain fish omega-3 fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA, or conjugated fatty acids derived from plants or from animals, such as CLAs (conjugated linoleic acids).
• an antioxidant complex comprising vitamins C and E, and at least one carotenoid, in particular a carotenoid chosen from ⁇ -carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein, flavonoids, such as catechins, hesperidin, proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins, lipoic acid and coenzyme QlO.
• a carotenoid chosen from ⁇ -carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein, flavonoids, such as catechins, hesperidin, proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins, lipoic acid and coenzyme QlO.
• the ancillary active agent may also be at least one prebiotic or a mixture of prebiotics. More particularly, these prebiotics may be chosen from oligosaccharides, produced from glucose, galactose, xylose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, starch, xylan, hemicellulose or inulin, gums of acacia type for example, or a mixture thereof. More particularly, the oligosaccharide comprises at least one fructooligosaccharide. More particularly, this prebiotic may comprise a mixture of fructo- oligosaccharide and inulin.
• hydrophilic active agents of proteins or protein hydrolyzates, amino acids, polyols, in particular C 2 to C 10 polyols such as glycerol, sorbitol, butylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, urea, allantoin, sugars and sugar derivatives, water-soluble vitamins, starch, bacterial extracts or plant extracts such as those of Aloe Vera.
• retinol vitamin A
• tocopherol vitamin E
• ceramides essential oils and unsaponifiable materials (tocotrienol, sesamine, gamma-oryzanol, phytosterols, squalenes, waxes and terpenes).
• active agents for promoting desquamation such as the reference hydrating active agents in cosmetics: glycerol, hyaluronic acid, urea and its derivatives, and also active agents for promoting desquamation and peeling, such as chelating agents, jasmonic acid and its derivatives, in particular ER2412, reducing compounds, sulfonic derivatives and in particular Hepes, amino acids, AHA and BHA, most particularly glycolic acid and ER195, and certain detergents.
• active agents for promoting desquamation such as the reference hydrating active agents in cosmetics: glycerol, hyaluronic acid, urea and its derivatives
• active agents for promoting desquamation and peeling such as chelating agents, jasmonic acid and its derivatives, in particular ER2412, reducing compounds, sulfonic derivatives and in particular Hepes, amino acids, AHA and BHA, most particularly glycolic acid and ER195, and certain detergents.
• compositions according to the invention may be in any of the galenical forms normally available for the method of administration selected.
• the carrier may be of diverse nature depending on the type of composition under consideration.
• the compositions for topical administration may be aqueous, aqueous-alcoholic or oily solutions, dispersions of the solution type or dispersions of the lotion or serum type, emulsions of liquid or semi- liquid consistency, of the milk type, suspensions or emulsions of the cream type, aqueous or anhydrous gels, microemulsions, microcapsules, microparticles, or vesicular dispersions of ionic and/or nonionic type.
• These compositions are prepared according to the usual methods.
• compositions may constitute in particular cleansing, peeling, treatment or care creams for the face, for the hands, for the feet, for the major anatomical folds or for the body (for example, day creams, night creams, makeup removing creams, foundation creams, antisun creams), makeup products such as fluid foundations, makeup-removing milks, protective or care body milks, aftersun milks, skincare lotions, gels or mousses, such as cleansing or disinfecting lotions, antisun lotions, artificial tanning lotions, or bath compositions.
• compositions according to the invention may also consist of solid preparations constituting cleansing soaps or bars.
• the proportion of the fatty phase may range from 5% to 80% by weight, and preferably from 5% to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• the oils, the emulsifiers and the coemulsifiers used in the composition in emulsion form are chosen from those conventionally used in the cosmetics and/or dermatological field.
• the emulsifier and the coemulsifier may be present, in the composition, in a proportion ranging from 0.3% to
• the fatty phase may represent more than 90% of the total weight of the composition.
• the galenical forms for topical administration may also contain adjuvants that are customary in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical and/or dermato logical field, such as hydrophilic or lipophilic gelling agents, hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents, preservatives, antioxidants, solvents, fragrances, fillers, screens, bactericides, odour absorbers and dyestuffs.
• the amounts of these various adjuvants are those conventionally used in the field under consideration, and are, for example, from 0.01% to 20% of the total weight of the composition. Depending on their nature, these adjuvants may be introduced into the fatty phase and/or into the aqueous phase.
• mineral oils such as, for example, hydrogenated polyisobutene and liquid petroleum jelly
• plant oils such as, for example, a liquid fraction of shea butter, sunflower oil and apricot kernel oil
• animal oils such as, for example, perhydrosqualene
• synthetic oils in particular Purcellin oil, isopropyl myristate and ethylhexyl palmitate
• unsaturated fatty acids and fluoro oils such as, for example, perfluoropolyethers.
• Use may also be made of fatty alcohols, fatty acids such as, for example, stearic acid and such as, for example, waxes, in particular paraffin wax, carnauba wax and beeswax.
• fatty acids such as, for example, stearic acid and such as, for example, waxes, in particular paraffin wax, carnauba wax and beeswax.
• silicone compounds such as silicone oils and, for example, cyclomethicone and dimethicone, and silicone waxes, resins and gums.
• emulsif ⁇ ers that can be used in the invention, mention may, for example, be made of glyceryl stearate, polysorbate 60, the mixture of cetylstearyl alcohol/oxyethylenated cetylstearyl alcohol comprising 33 mol of ethylene oxide, sold under the name Sinnowax AO ® by the company Henkel, the mixture of PEG-6/PEG- 32/glycol stearate sold under the name Tefose ® 63 by the company Gattefosse, PPG-3 myristyl ether, silicone emulsif ⁇ ers such as cetyl dimethicone copolyol and sorbitan monostearate or tristearate, PEG-40 stearate, or oxyethylenated sorbitan monostearate (20 EO).
• glyceryl stearate polysorbate 60
• cetylstearyl alcohol/oxyethylenated cetylstearyl alcohol comprising 33 mol
• a composition of the invention may also advantageously contain a spring and/or mineral water, in particular chosen from Vittel water, waters from the Vichy basin, and Ia Roche Posay water.
• hydrophilic gelling agents mention may be made of carboxylic polymers such as carbomer, acrylic copolymers such as acrylate/alkyl acrylate copolymers, polyacrylamides, and in particular the mixture of polyacrylamide, C 13- 14 isoparaffin and Laureth-7 sold under the name Sepigel 305 ® by the company SEPPIC, polysaccharides, for instance cellulosic derivatives such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses, and in particular hydroxypropylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose, natural gums such as guar, carob and xanthan, and clays.
• carboxylic polymers such as carbomer, acrylic copolymers such as acrylate/alkyl acrylate copolymers, polyacrylamides, and in particular the mixture of polyacrylamide, C 13- 14 iso
• lipophilic gelling agents mention may be made of modified clays such as bentones, metal salts of fatty acids, such as aluminium stearates and hydrophobic silica, or else ethylcellulose and polyethylene.
• an ingestible carrier is preferred.
• the ingestible carrier may be of diverse nature depending on the type of composition under consideration. Tablets or lozenges, oral supplements in dry form and oral supplements in liquid form are thus in particular suitable for use as pharmaceutical or food carriers.
• the microorganism according to the invention may be incorporated into any other form of food supplement or enriched food, for example food bars or compacted or non-compacted powders.
• the powders may be diluted in water, soda, milk products or soya bean derivatives, or be incorporated into food bars.
• the microorganism may, moreover, be formulated with the excipients and components that are customary for such oral compositions or food supplements, i.e. in particular, fatty and/or aqueous components, humectants, thickeners, preservatives, texturing agents, flavour enhancers and/or coating agents, antioxidants, preservatives and dyes that are customary in the food sector.
• excipients and components that are customary for such oral compositions or food supplements, i.e. in particular, fatty and/or aqueous components, humectants, thickeners, preservatives, texturing agents, flavour enhancers and/or coating agents, antioxidants, preservatives and dyes that are customary in the food sector.
• a microorganism in accordance with the invention may, moreover, be formulated with the excipients and components that are customary for such oral compositions or food supplements, i.e. in particular, fatty and/or aqueous components, humectants, thickeners, preservatives, texturing agents, flavour enhancers and/or coating agents, antioxidants, preservatives and dyes that are customary in the food sector.
• excipients and components that are customary for such oral compositions or food supplements, i.e. in particular, fatty and/or aqueous components, humectants, thickeners, preservatives, texturing agents, flavour enhancers and/or coating agents, antioxidants, preservatives and dyes that are customary in the food sector.
• compositions and in particular for food supplements, are known in this field and will not be the subject of a detailed description herein. Many embodiments of oral compositions and in particular of food supplements are possible for ingestion.
• the formulation thereof is carried out by means of the usual methods for producing sugar-coated tablets, gel capsules, gels, hydrogels for controlled release, emulsions, tablets or capsules.
• the ancillary microorganisms under consideration according to the invention may be formulated in compositions in an encapsulated form so as to significantly improve their survival time.
• the presence of a capsule in particular may delay or prevent the degradation of the microorganism in the gastrointestinal tract.
• the cosmetic treatment method of the invention may be carried out in particular by orally and/or topically administering at least an effective amount of at least one microorganism in accordance with the invention.
• Topical administration comprises the external application, to the skin, of cosmetic and/or dermatological compositions according to the customary technique for using these compositions.
• the cosmetic method according to the invention may be carried out by topical application, for example daily, of the microorganism in accordance with the invention, which may, for example, be formulated in the form of creams, gels, sera, lotions, emulsions, milks for removing makeup or aftersun compositions.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a single application.
• the application is repeated, for example, 2 to 3 times a day, for one day or more, and generally for a sustained period of at least 4, or even 1 to 15, weeks.
• Oral administration comprises ingesting, in one or more intakes, an oral composition as defined above.
• the cosmetic method comprises at least one step of orally administering an effective amount of at least one microorganism according to the invention, or of a fraction thereof, and at least one step of topically administering an effective amount of at least one microorganism according to the invention or of a fraction thereof.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a single administration.
• the administration is repeated, for example, 2 to 3 times a day, for one day or more and generally for a sustained period of at least 4 weeks, or even 4 to 15 weeks, with, where appropriate, one or more periods of interruption.
• combinations of treatment with, optionally, oral or topical forms may be envisaged in order to supplement or reinforce the activity of the microorganism as defined by the invention.
• a topical treatment with a composition containing a microorganism in accordance with the invention, combined with an oral or topical composition optionally containing another microorganism, in particular a probiotic microorganism, or other probiotics in dead, live or semi-active form could be imagined.
• the ingredients are mixed, before they are formulated, in the order and under conditions readily determined by those skilled in the art.
• cfu denotes "colony forming unit”. This is the unit of measurement used to quantify live bacteria.
• Lactobacillus paracasei used in the compositions of the examples hereinafter is Lactobacillus paracasei STl 1 NCC 2461 (CNCM 1-2116).
• compositions for oral administration are examples of compositions for oral administration
• Example 1 Powder stick
• One stick can be taken per day.
• Example 3 Formulation of sugar-coated tablet type
• This type of sugar-coated tablet can be taken 1 to 3 times per day.
• Example 4 Formulation of sugar-coated tablet type
• This type of sugar-coated tablet can be taken 1 to 3 times per day.
• compositions for topical application are examples of compositions for topical application.
• Example 7 Face care gel
• Example 8 Scalp care milk
• Example 9 Face care cream
• Example 10 Face care gel
• Example 11 Effect of a food supplement comprising a microorganism in accordance with the invention on acne and facial imperfections in adult women
• the Lactobacillus paracasei STI l NCC 2461 (CNCM 1-2116) strain was tested alone, in a randomized double-blind study.
• the principle criterion for judging effectiveness is defined by the number of superficial inflammatory lesions (papules and pustules, without distinction) and the number of retentional lesions (open and closed comedones, without distinction).
• the counts are performed by the investigator at each consultation (Dl, D 15, D29, D43 and D57) over the entire face (including the chin, but not on the T zone) by visual counting, according to the ECLA scale:
• Factor F 1 type and intensity of the acne on the entire face with scores of
• Non-inflamed lesions Open and closed comedones with scores of 0 to 5 (corresponding to a lesion count) (0; ⁇ 5; 5 to 9; 10 to 19; 20 to 40; > 40).
• - Inflamed lesions a) Superficial: papules and pustules with scores of 0 to 5 (corresponding to a lesion count (0; ⁇ 5; 5 to 9; 10 to 19; 20 to 40; > 40), and information on the size (from 0.1 cm to 0.5 cm) b) Deep: nodules and cysts with scores of 0 to 5 (corresponding to a lesion count (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), and information on the size (0.5 cm or more).
• Factor F 2 extension and intensity of the acne beyond the face
• Factor F 3 scars Absent (0) or present ( 1 ) .
• the result of this evaluation is that the food supplement tested makes it possible to significantly reduce the number of superficial inflammatory lesions and the number of retentional lesions, compared with the placebo composition.
• a strip of synthetic material which becomes transparent in contact with absorbed lipids, is applied to the measurement zone for precisely 30 seconds. The transparency of said strip then increases proportionally to the amount of sebum of the hydro lipid film with which it is in contact.
• the swab is closed and stored at +4°C before transfer to the bacteriology department.
• the two swabs are combined in 3 ml of PBS containing 0.1% of Triton X, and vigorously agitated for at least 30 seconds.
• This suspension represents the stock solution (SS) from which two successive ten- fold dilutions (1/10 th - dl and d2) will be carried out.
• 0.1 ml of SS will be plated out at the surface of the agar in order to search for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
• 0.1 ml of SS, 0.1 ml of dl and 0.1 ml of d2 will be plated out at the surface of the agar for the total flora, the anaerobic flora, the gram+ cocci and the corynebacteria.
• Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, the total flora, the gram+ cocci and the corynebacteria are incubated at 35-37°C under aerobic conditions for 48 h.
• the anaerobic flora is incubated at 35-37°C under anaerobic conditions for 5 to 6 days.
• a blood medium is used (8 days at 37°C under anaerobic conditions) for counting Propionibacterium, essentially P. acnes, for the skin flora.
• the counting indicates that the anaerobic flora (and in particular Propionibacterium acnes and corynebacteria) is reduced in patients having followed the treatment with the food supplement containing the active agent under consideration, thus contributing to the reestablishment of homeostasis of the skin.
• Corneodiscs are adhesive discs made of a flexible, transparent polyester film coated with an adhesive, which is itself transparent, that are relatively insensitive to oxidation and to dust and provide good contact with the stratum corneum. This technique makes it possible to analyse the composition of certain proteins of the horny layer.
• a rectangle of 1x2 cm is delimited on a zone of the forehead.
• the corneodisc is placed on the mini-zone.
• the corneodisc is then folded in half, back on itself, with adhesion of the white border and placed in a Nunc tube.
• 3 corneodiscs are thus recovered successively from the same zone, and the three Nunc tubes are then introduced into liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 0 C before the quantitative analysis of defensins (more particularly beta-defensin type 2, LL-37, elaf ⁇ n) and of the inflammatory markers (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8). Sampling is carried out on the forehead at times Dl, D29, and D57 by corneodisc, so as to sample only a part of the stratum corneum, i.e. a maximum of 4 to 5 layers of stratum corneum.
• reducing inflammatory cytokines also participates in the reduction of skin disorders associated with oily skin and/or skin with an oily tendency.
• a reduction contributes to re-establishing a balanced ecoflora, the consequence of which is a decrease in inflammatory conditions of the skin and regulation of seborrhoea. Consequently, the imperfections are reduced, and the complexion becomes brighter and more homogeneous, without areas of dyschromia and of dryness.

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