WO2010003353A1 - 一种用于储存危险化学品的泄漏自救容器 - Google Patents

一种用于储存危险化学品的泄漏自救容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010003353A1
WO2010003353A1 PCT/CN2009/072635 CN2009072635W WO2010003353A1 WO 2010003353 A1 WO2010003353 A1 WO 2010003353A1 CN 2009072635 W CN2009072635 W CN 2009072635W WO 2010003353 A1 WO2010003353 A1 WO 2010003353A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
self
rescuing
leakage
liquefied gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/072635
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
靳跃春
张俊博
靳川
Original Assignee
北京天擎化工有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京天擎化工有限责任公司 filed Critical 北京天擎化工有限责任公司
Priority to CA2729820A priority Critical patent/CA2729820A1/en
Priority to BRPI0915743A priority patent/BRPI0915743A2/pt
Priority to EP09793828.6A priority patent/EP2311756B1/en
Priority to US13/002,856 priority patent/US20110308976A1/en
Priority to AU2009267648A priority patent/AU2009267648B2/en
Priority to JP2011516954A priority patent/JP5190538B2/ja
Publication of WO2010003353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010003353A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/82—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for poisons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B65D90/50—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D5/00—Devices using endothermic chemical reactions, e.g. using frigorific mixtures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a container for storing dangerous chemicals, and more particularly to a leak self-rescuing container for storing dangerous chemicals.
  • the present invention relates to a leak self-rescuing container for storing hazardous chemicals, comprising:
  • the first container which contains substantially harmless liquefied gas and has an opening that is controllably open to the outside environment.
  • the temperature in the first container can be lowered by releasing the liquefied gas in the second container of the present invention, thereby Reduce the pressure in the first container, avoid leakage or explosion due to overpressure, or increase the viscosity of dangerous chemicals by increasing the leakage rate after the leak has occurred, and strive for a valuable day for more effective rescue.
  • the leak self-rescuing container of the present invention can be used for storage Hazardous chemicals that are flammable, explosive, toxic, corrosive, radioactive, chemically contaminated, and especially useful for storing more dangerous gases and liquids, especially low-boiling liquids.
  • the hazardous chemicals include, but are not limited to, phosphorus oxychloride, gasoline, bromine, liquid ammonia, liquid chlorine, liquid hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, methyl isocyanate, ethylene epoxide, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, Alcohol, chloroform, etc.
  • the first container for storing hazardous chemicals can be selected depending on the nature of the stored chemicals, and various containers conventionally used in the art for storing hazardous chemicals can be used.
  • the leak self-rescuing container of the present invention may be a stand-alone container or a container for all vehicle loads.
  • a second container is installed in the first container.
  • the second container carries a substantially harmless liquefied gas.
  • a substantially harmless liquefied gas is released in gaseous form by opening the vent valve on the second container. The release of the liquefied gas absorbs the heat in the surrounding environment, that is, the first container, lowers the temperature of the container, thereby reducing the pressure in the first container, avoiding leakage or explosion due to overpressure, or passing through the leak.
  • the second container may be secured in the first container by any means known to those skilled in the art.
  • the relative position of the second container and the first container is preferably such that the center of the second container is close to the center of the first container, and the second container is not in direct contact with the first container, such that The second container primarily exchanges heat with the interior of the first container without heat exchange with the outside environment through the walls of the first container.
  • the liquefied gas in the second container may be selected from any gas whose critical temperature is above normal temperature and which is substantially harmless to the environment and the human body.
  • the liquefied gas is a gas at normal temperature and normal pressure, and is a liquid under normal temperature and pressure.
  • the second container is in a pressurized state to maintain the gas in a liquid state; and in use, the second container is in communication with the outside, and the liquefied gas is vaporized to absorb ambient heat.
  • the liquefied gas is preferably a readily available, inexpensive liquid carbon dioxide.
  • the second container is a rigid pressure vessel, preferably a steel tank or a steel cylinder.
  • the shape of the second container may be any shape that can withstand pressure, such as a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, a serpentine shape, or the like.
  • the second container of the present invention has
  • the opening may have one or more.
  • the opening is a manual vent valve.
  • the opening is Automatically vent the valve.
  • the second container has a manual vent valve and an automatic vent valve.
  • the first container is further provided with a leak detection
  • the leak detection device detects the leakage of the dangerous chemical
  • the leakage signal is transmitted to the control system, and the automatic vent valve is automatically turned on by the control system, and an alarm signal is issued.
  • the first container is further provided with
  • a temperature sensor when the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, transmitting a signal of the abnormal temperature to the control system, and controlling the
  • the automatic vent valve opens automatically and an alarm signal is issued.
  • the container of the present invention can be used as a storage container for all production, storage, transportation and use of flowable hazardous chemicals, which can effectively reduce flowable hazardous chemicals, especially more dangerous gases and liquids, especially low boiling points. Safety risks in the production, storage, transportation and use of liquid hazardous chemicals.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the number in is 101, the number in Figure 2 is 201, and so on.
  • a second container 103 is secured to the inside of the first container 101 storing the hazardous chemicals 102 by a bracket 104.
  • the second container 103 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the liquefied gas 105 is carried inside the second container 103.
  • a level sensor (not shown) may be installed in the second container 103 to detect the amount of liquefied gas in the second container 103 with the helium and to replenish it if necessary.
  • the second container 103 has a vent valve 106 that is controllably in communication with the outside environment.
  • the vent valve 106 can be one or more.
  • the liquefied gas 105 may be injected or replenished into the second vessel 103 through the vent valve 106, and the liquefied gas 105 may be injected or replenished into the second vessel 103 through an additional feed port (not shown).
  • the vent valve 106 is opened to release the liquefied gas 105 in the second container 103, and the liquefied gas 105 absorbs the surrounding environment, that is, the first container 101 during the release process.
  • the medium heat lowers the temperature in the first container 101, thereby lowering the pressure in the first container 101, avoiding leakage or explosion of the first container 101 due to overpressure, or increasing the viscosity of the hazardous chemical 102 after leakage has occurred. , to achieve the purpose of reducing the speed of leakage.
  • a schematic view of another embodiment of the invention A second container 203 in the shape of a serpentine tube is fixed inside the first container 201 storing the hazardous chemicals 202.
  • the liquefied gas 205 is carried inside the second container 203.
  • the second container 203 has a vent valve 206 that is controllably in communication with the outside environment and a feed valve 207 that injects the liquefied gas 205. Both the vent valve 206 and the feed valve 207 may be one or more.
  • the first container 201 has a leak detector or temperature sensor 208.
  • the leak detection device or temperature sensor 208 detects a leak in the first container 201 or is threatened by a high temperature
  • the detected signal is transmitted to the control system 209.
  • the control system 209 controls the venting valve 206 to be opened or partially opened to release the liquefied gas 205 in the second container 203.
  • the liquefied gas 205 absorbs the heat in the surrounding environment, that is, the first container 201, and reduces the first container 201.
  • the temperature thereby reducing the pressure in the first container 201, avoids the leakage or explosion of the first container 201 due to overpressure, or the purpose of reducing the leakage rate by increasing the viscosity of the hazardous chemical 202 after leakage has occurred.

Description

说明书 一种用于储存危险化学品的泄漏自救容器
[I] 技术领域
[2] 本发明涉及一种用于储存危险化学品的容器， 特别是一种用于储存危险化学品 的泄漏自救容器。
[3] 背景技术
[4] 工业生产和人民生活离不开化学品， 而有相当大部分化学品是危险化学品， 其 中又有很大部分是可流动的， 包括气体和液体， 尤其是低沸点液体。 在危险化 学品生产、 储存、 运输和使用过程中， 偶有因容器老化、 高温和事故而发生泄 漏问题， 给环境带来危害， 甚至引发灾难性后果。 及吋而有效的自救， 将为救 援赢得更多的宝贵吋间， 从而为减轻危害、 避免灾难性后果提供更大的可能性
[5] 发明内容
[6] 当可流动的危险化学品发生泄漏吋， 如何降低储存容器的压力和增加危险品的 粘度是降低泄漏速度、 减少泄漏污染总量、 减少救援难度、 赢得更多救援吋间 的关键。
[7] 本发明涉及一种用于储存危险化学品的泄漏自救容器， 其包括：
[8] 第一容器， 用于储存危险化学品；
[9] 第二容器，
安装并固定于所述第一容器内部， 其内载有基本无害的液化气体， 并具有可控 地开放于外界环境的开口。
[10] 一旦所述第一容器中的危险化学品因事故发生泄漏或者受到高温威胁吋， 能够 通过释放本发明所述第二容器中的液化气体来降低所述第一容器中的温度， 从 而降低第一容器中的压力， 避免因超压造成泄漏或爆炸， 或者在已发生泄漏吋 通过增加其中的危险化学品的粘度， 达到降低泄漏速度的目的， 为更有效的救 援争取宝贵的吋间。
[I I] 本发明的泄漏自救容器可用于储存 易燃、 易爆、 有毒、 腐蚀、 放射、 化学污染的危险化学品， 并且尤其可用于储 存更加危险的气体和液体， 尤其是低沸点液体等危险化学品。 所述危险化学品 包括但不限于： 三氯氧磷， 汽油， 溴， 液氨， 液氯， 液态硫化氢， 氢氰酸， 异 氰酸甲酯， 环氧乙垸， 天然气、 液化石油气， 酒精， 氯仿， 等等。
[12] 用于储存危险化学品的所述第一容器可根据所储存的化学品的性质而选择， 并 可以使用本领域常规用于储存危险化学品的各种容器。 本发明的泄漏自救 容器可以是独立容器， 也可以是一切交通工具负载的容器。
[13] 在所述第一容器中安装有第二容器。 所述第二容器内载有基本无害的液化气体 。 在第一容器因故发生危险化学品泄漏或受到高温威胁吋， 通过打开第二容器 上的放空阀门， 以气态形式放出基本无害的液化气体。 所述液化气体的释放会 吸收周围环境即第一容器中的热量， 降低容器温度， 从而降低第一容器中的压 力， 避免因超压造成泄漏或爆炸， 或者在已发生泄漏吋通过
提高危险化学品的粘度， 而降低危险物的泄漏速度， 为救援赢得吋间。
[14] 所述第二容器可以通过本领域技术人员公知的任何方式固定在所述第一容器中 。 所述第二容器与所述第一容器的相对位置优选为所述第二容器的中心接近于 所述第一容器的中心， 并且所述第二容器与所述第一容器不直接接触， 使得第 二容器主要与第一容器内部发生热交换， 而不通过第一容器的器壁与外界环境 发生热交换。
[15] 第二容器中的液化气体可选自任何临界温度在常温以上， 且对环境和人身基本 无害的气体。 所述液化气体在常温常压下为气体， 而在常温加压下为液体。 当 本发明所述泄漏自救容器闲置吋， 第二容器处于加压状态， 使所述气体保持液 态； 而在使用中， 使第二容器与外界连通， 所述液化气体气化， 吸收环境热量 。 所述液化气体优选为易得、 廉价的液态二氧化碳。
[16] 所述第二容器为刚性耐压容器， 优选钢罐或钢瓶。 所述第二容器的形状可以是 任何可耐压的形状， 如圆柱状、 球状、 蛇管状等。
[17] 本发明的所述第二容器具有
可控地开放于外界环境的开口。 所述开口可以有一个或多个。 在一实施方案中 ， 该开口为手动放空阀门。 在另一实施方案中， 该开口为 自动放空阀门。 在另一实施方案中， 所述第二容器同吋具有手动放空阀门和自 动放空阀门。
[18] 在一实施方案中， 所述第一容器上还设有检漏
装置， 当所述检漏装置检测到所述危险化学品泄漏吋， 则将该泄漏信号传递给 控制系统， 通过控制系统控制所述自动放空阀门自动开启， 并发出警报信号。
[19] 在另一实施方案中， 所述第一容器上还设有
温度传感器， 当所述温度传感器检测到环境温度超过预定温度吋， 则将该温度 异常的信号传递给控制系统， 通过控制系统控制所述
自动放空阀门自动开启， 并发出警报信号。
[20] 当本发明所述的液化气体选择液态二氧化碳吋， 本领域技术人员了解如何设置 所述第二容器的所述开口以防止液态二氧化碳气化过程中形成的干冰堵塞所述 开口。
[21] 本发明的容器可作为一切生产、 储存、 运输和使用可流动危险化学品的储存容 器， 其能够有效地降低可流动危险化学品、 尤其是更加危险的气体和液体， 尤 其是低沸点液体危险化学品生产、 储存、 运输和使用的安全风险。
[22] 附图说明
[23] 图 1为本发明一实施方案的示意图。
[24] 图 2为本发明另一实施方案的示意图。
[25] 具体实施方式
[26] 下面结合附图给出的优选实施例对本发明的技术内容作进一步的详细说明， 然 而应当理解， 附图所示内容仅为说明本发明之用， 而并非对本发明的限制。
[27] 在每一附图中， 相同的组件使用相同的编号， 如第一容器在图 1
中的编号为 101， 在图 2中的编号为 201， 以此类推。
[28] 图 1为本发明一实施方案的示意图。 在储存危险化学品 102的第一容器 101 内部通过支架 104固定有第二容器 103。 第二容器 103的形状为圆柱形。
[29] 在第二容器 103内部载有液化气体 105。 可在第二容器 103中安装液位传感器（ 未示出）， 以随吋检测第二容器 103中液化气体的量并在需要吋进行补充。
[30] 第二容器 103具有可控地与外界环境连通的放空阀门 106。 放空阀门 106可以是 一个或多个。
[31] 可通过放空阀门 106向第二容器 103中注入或补充液化气体 105， 也可以通过另 外的进料口（未示出）向第二容器 103中注入或补充液化气体 105。
[32] 当第一容器 101因事故发生泄漏或受到高温威胁吋， 打开放空阀门 106， 使第二 容器 103中的液化气体 105释放， 释放过程中液化气体 105会吸收周围环境即第一 容器 101中热量， 降低第一容器 101中的温度， 从而降低第一容器 101中的压力， 避免因超压造成第一容器 101的泄漏或爆炸， 或者在已发生泄漏吋通过增加危险 化学品 102的粘度， 达到降低泄漏速度的目的。
[33] 图 2
为本发明另一实施方案的示意图。 在储存危险化学品 202的第一容器 201内部固 定有蛇形管形状的第二容器 203。 在第二容器 203内部载有液化气体 205。
[34] 第二容器 203具有可控地与外界环境连通的放空阀门 206以及注入液化气体 205 的进料阀门 207。 放空阀门 206和进料阀门 207均可以是一个或多个。
[35] 第一容器 201具有检漏装置或温度传感器 208。 当检漏装置或温度传感器 208检 测到第一容器 201发生泄漏或受到高温威胁吋， 将检测到的信号传递给控制系统 209。 控制系统 209则控制放空阀门 206开启或部分开启， 使第二容器 203中的液 化气体 205释放， 释放过程中液化气体 205会吸收周围环境即第一容器 201中的热 量， 降低第一容器 201中的温度， 从而降低第一容器 201中的压力， 避免因超压 造成第一容器 201的泄漏或爆炸， 或者在已发生泄漏吋通过增加危险化学品 202 的粘度， 达到降低泄漏速度的目的。

Claims

权利要求书
[1] 一种用于储存危险化学品的泄漏自救容器， 其包括：
第一容器， 用于储存危险化学品；
第二容器，
安装并固定于所述第一容器内部， 所述第二容器内载有基本无害的液化气 体， 并具有可控地开放于外界环境的开口。
[2] 如权利要求 1所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述第二容器为刚性耐压容器。
[3] 如权利要求 1或 2
所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述第二容器的形状为圆柱状、 球状或蛇管状
[4] 如权利要求 1至 3
中任一权利要求所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述第二容器与所述第一容器 的相对位置为所述第二容器的中心接近于所述第一容器的中心， 并且所述 第二容器与所述第一容器不直接接触。
[5] 如权利要求 1至 4中任一权利要求所述的泄漏
自救容器， 其中所述基本无害的液化气体为液态二氧化碳。
[6] 如权利要求 1至 5中任一权利要求所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述
开口为手动放空阀门。
[7] 如权利要求 1至 5中任一权利要求所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述
开口为自动放空阀门。
[8] 如权利要求 7
所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述第一容器上还设有检漏装置， 当所述检漏 装置检测到所述危险化学品泄漏吋， 则控制所述自动放空阀门自动开启。
[9] 如权利要求 7
所述的泄漏自救容器， 其中所述第一容器上还设有温度传感器， 当所述温 度传感器检测到环境温度超过预定温度吋， 则控制所述自动放空阀门自动 开启。
PCT/CN2009/072635 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 一种用于储存危险化学品的泄漏自救容器 WO2010003353A1 (zh)

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CA2729820A CA2729820A1 (en) 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 Leakage self-rescue container for stocking dangerous chemicals
BRPI0915743A BRPI0915743A2 (pt) 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 recipiente de auto-salvamento de vazamento de produtos químicos perigosos
EP09793828.6A EP2311756B1 (en) 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 Leakage self-help container for stocking hazardous chemical products
US13/002,856 US20110308976A1 (en) 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 Leakage self-rescue container for stocking danagerous chemicals
AU2009267648A AU2009267648B2 (en) 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 Leakage self-help container for stocking hazardous chemical products
JP2011516954A JP5190538B2 (ja) 2008-07-07 2009-07-06 危険化学物質を保管する漏出自己救済保管容器

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RU2466075C2 (ru) 2012-11-10
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CA2729820A1 (en) 2010-01-14
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BRPI0915743A2 (pt) 2018-05-22
EP2311756A4 (en) 2012-04-04
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US20110308976A1 (en) 2011-12-22
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