WO2010000816A1 - Système de régulation pour une installation de transformation de céréales - Google Patents

Système de régulation pour une installation de transformation de céréales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010000816A1
WO2010000816A1 PCT/EP2009/058351 EP2009058351W WO2010000816A1 WO 2010000816 A1 WO2010000816 A1 WO 2010000816A1 EP 2009058351 W EP2009058351 W EP 2009058351W WO 2010000816 A1 WO2010000816 A1 WO 2010000816A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
units
control system
unit
local
plant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/058351
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mukul Agarwal
Andreas Kuhn
René Zimmermann
Original Assignee
Bühler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bühler AG filed Critical Bühler AG
Priority to EP09772516A priority Critical patent/EP2318142A1/fr
Priority to CN200980129390XA priority patent/CN102105228A/zh
Publication of WO2010000816A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010000816A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
    • B02C9/04—Systems or sequences of operations; Plant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for processing of cereals, in particular for crushing, transporting, fractionating and conditioning grain and to a method for controlling such a process in such a plant.
  • grain mills are very extensive and include comminution units for crushing cereal grains or cereal debris to flours and grain by-products, i. to various cereal particles and conveyor lines between the crushing units. Furthermore, such plants may contain fractionation units for fractionating the cereal particles taking into account at least one property of the particles. Before processing, i. Before entering the facility, the grain is subjected to conditioning that can take from several hours to several days.
  • the process of crushing and fractionating requires numerous process stages, which are carried out in a plurality of said units, and some of the units can also be run through by the product stream several times. To make matters worse, the quality of the grain used as starting material for the process can vary within the product stream. Nevertheless, the end product should always meet certain standards and standards, i. the flour, semolina and bran fractions must meet given product parameters.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to always optimally drive the process in a plant for processing grain.
  • an inventive plant for processing of cereals which comprises:
  • ⁇ at least one comminuting unit for crushing cereal grains or cereal fragments into cereal particles
  • Most of the units of the plant extends; and / or> at least one local regulatory system associated with at least one respective entity and at most a majority of the entities.
  • the inventive method for controlling a process for processing grain especially in the inventive system is carried out using
  • the plant according to the invention preferably also has:
  • At least one fractionation unit for fractionating cereal particles taking into account at least one property of the particles;
  • ⁇ at least one mixing unit for mixing cereal grains or cereal particles
  • At least one conditioning unit for the conditioning of cereal grains, cereal fragments or cereal particles with a relatively long pre-storage period (several minutes to several days) outside the plant or before undergoing the process and postconditioning during the period Can run through the process.
  • the following residence times or throughput times of the cereal particles are preferred in the context of the present invention: comminution: ⁇ 20 s, preferably ⁇ 10 s; ⁇ Promotion: ⁇ 5 s, preferably ⁇ 2 s;
  • Post-conditioning ⁇ 1 min, preferably ⁇ 20 s, in particular ⁇ 10 s.
  • the individual units are connected to one another in a network-like manner, in particular via conveyor lines, wherein the network-type connections can preferably be changed during operation.
  • a system according to the invention comprising both a global and a local control strategy, the product return in units of the grain processing plant is made possible, and the desired ground products and their properties can be achieved very well.
  • the coordination of several output and / or input streams of products from / to individual units as well as the online redirection of product streams from / to the individual units can be designed surprisingly reliable and with good quality of the final product.
  • the uncontrollability of milling product properties assumed in the prior art when using product recirculations can be overcome with the methods and apparatus described in detail below.
  • At least part of the units can be coupled to one another in terms of product flow and / or regulation in the system. Coupling in this sense means a return of product and / or information of the control system.
  • the global control system suitably uses a set of global guidelines, preferably including less than 50 principles and more particularly less than 20 principles.
  • the global control system can specify local specifications for a local control system of the respective units of the plant.
  • the guiding principles may be rules of a fuzzy logic system.
  • a (global) guiding principle comprises at least one effect and at least one action (which may also be the at least partial retention of previous settings); eg:> cause:
  • the global control system and / or a local control system expediently output manipulated variables to actuators for acting on units of the system.
  • the response times (response times) of the actuators are preferably ⁇ 5 s and more preferably ⁇ 1 s.
  • Coupling is understood as meaning both a coupling of the product streams between the units and a coupling of the information flows (data streams) between the units.
  • neural networks are provided which extend across the global and local control systems.
  • blurring logic systems can be provided.
  • the units have a product conveying direction in which the grain particles pass through the units.
  • some of the conveyor lines are formed as product loops connecting the exit of a unit with the entrance of this unit or the exit of a unit with the Join the entrance of an upstream unit. It is advantageous if a part of the loops is arranged as coupled loops or intermeshing loops.
  • Preferred residence times or throughput times through the loops are in the range ⁇ 100 s per pass, preferably ⁇ 10 s per pass.
  • the preferred number of passes through the loops is ⁇ 5 passes, preferably ⁇ 3 passes.
  • the couplings and loops can be turned on or off or turned off or closed as needed during the process.
  • the local control system uses a set of local policies, preferably including less than 30 policies, and more particularly less than 10 policies.
  • a (local) guiding principle typically also includes at least one effect and at least one action (which may also be at least partially maintaining previous settings); e.g .:
  • the at least one local control system has one or more of the following controls: P controller, I controller, PI controller, ID controller, PD controller, PID controller, or other common controllers.
  • P controller P controller
  • I controller I controller
  • PI controller PI controller
  • ID controller ID controller
  • PD controller PID controller
  • regulators that use neural networks and / or fuzzy logic are also used.
  • the global and / or the local control system are designed as adaptive systems.
  • the local control system is designed so that it can receive specifications for operating parameters of the unit assigned to it.
  • the scope (“diversity”) of the plant is preferably limited to:
  • ⁇ has a maximum of seven different fractionation units
  • the scope of the system is also preferably limited by having a maximum of 15 different units controllable by the local control systems and by the global control system.
  • a baffle device and in particular an impact dissolver is used as a type of crushing unit.
  • a screening device is used as a sort of fractionating unit.
  • an air classifier is used as a sort of fractionating unit.
  • one type of fractionating unit used is a centrifugal-type device and in particular a cyclone.
  • some of the units and conveyor lines each contain sensors of their respective local control system.
  • all units Preferably, all units contain a sensor.
  • the response times (response times) of the sensors are preferably ⁇ 1 min and more preferably ⁇ 10 s.
  • At least some of the crushing units, fractionating units, conveying lines, mixing units and conditioning units contain actuators of their respective local control system and / or actuators of the global control system.
  • This allows, as required, the adjustment of a unit via a local control system or directly, and thus more quickly, through the global control system.
  • the global control system allows faster control because it can be easier to adjust settings on upstream units, which manifest themselves only in properties of products downstream units. Such follow-up Correcting impacts through a chain of local hiring changes would be much more time-consuming.
  • Each comminution unit, fractionation unit, conveying section, mixing unit and conditioning unit preferably contains at least one sensor of its respective local control system and / or at least one actuator of its respective local control system.
  • At least a majority of the crushing units, fractionating units, conveying lines, mixing units and conditioning units contain at least one sensor of the global control system and / or at least one actuator of the global control system.
  • the global control strategy uses a set of global policies, with the global control strategy in particular outputting local defaults for a local control strategy.
  • the operator may enter defaults for the global control strategy and / or for the local control strategy.
  • the local control strategy preferably receives specifications for operating parameters of the unit assigned to it.
  • the global control strategy operates continuously, with metrics constantly being collected, especially before, during, and after their change.
  • the global control strategy may involve concurrent / coupled rules of multiple parameters.
  • the local control strategy operates discretely or discontinuously, with measurement are detected before and after their change, in particular only in a first stationary state before and in a second stationary state after its change.
  • the local control strategy can also include the simultaneous / coupled control of several parameters.
  • the local control strategy includes passing on information relating to at least one unit to the global control system, which information may include the degree of satisfaction of local defaults from the global control strategy to the local control strategy.
  • the global control strategy and / or the local control strategy preferably include passing on information to a plant operator (Obermüller).
  • the detection accuracy is adapted to the current needs of the control strategy.
  • first approximation of a parameter variety it is possible to work with a lower resolution, but with smaller data quantities, while during the subsequent closer approximation to the state (second approximation of the parameter values).
  • Diversity with a higher resolution, but can work with larger amounts of data. This saves computational effort and thus time.
  • a sensor of a local control system may receive a start signal or a wait signal from the global control system, from another local control system or from an actuator.
  • the time histories of the global control strategy and local control strategies are logged and recorded.
  • entire "libraries" with specific patterns of parameter diversity and appropriate rule strategies can be created and consulted later.
  • optimal operating states ie an optimal variety of values for a variety of parameters, but also non-optimal operating states stored. This is particularly useful, for example, if the system is to be restarted on Monday in order to continue a process interrupted in the previous week, if a sudden product change is required or if the raw material suddenly changes, ie if an unexpected change occurs Quality change is present.
  • measured values and / or other sensor information are used to detect or even diagnose a system malfunction or a system error.
  • special measures are taken by the global control system and / or the local control system upon detection and, if appropriate, diagnosis of a system malfunction or a system error. Depending on the extent of the plant malfunction or plant failure, these may be the following measures for at least part of the plant: ⁇ further regulation of the faulty plant part or of the entire plant, taking into account the fault; ⁇ only taxes of the plant; ⁇ Stopping the system.
  • the embodiments according to the invention enable autonomous process control, flexible plant configuration and automatic adaptation to new situations (operating conditions, raw material properties, new end product specifications, etc.).
  • Individual processing units of the plant is assigned a local control system.
  • a baffle, a screen or a wind sifter various controllers can be used, namely P controller, I controller, PI controller, ID controller, PD controller, PID controller.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first variant of a local control
  • Fig. 2 shows a second variant of a local control
  • Fig. 3 shows a third variant of a local control
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the inventive system global control and local control.
  • FIG. 6 shows a summary of a method according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show different variants of a local control for a local process.
  • a local process takes place in one unit of the plant. This can e.g. the process be in a roll mill, sifter or conditioner.
  • the following controller sizes are shown:
  • the first variant of the local control shown in FIG. 1 uses two lxl PI controllers with two independent loops and four adjustable parameters. This allows a one-time and subsequently fixed setting by trial and error.
  • the second variant of the local control shown in FIG. 2 uses a 2x2 PI controller with two coupled loops and eight adjustable parameters. This also allows a fixed setting by trial and error (trial and error).
  • the third variant of the local control shown in FIG. 3 uses an adaptive 2x2 controller with two coupled loops and four adjustable parameters. This allows a continuous automatic adjustment. In the case of an operating point change, the gradient underlying the control is continuously adjusted.
  • the interaction of global control and local control is shown schematically.
  • the operator or supervisor may specify certain end product targets and ancillary targets to the plant or system. These then determine the global regulation strategy.
  • end product targets are e.g. the end product properties, end product yield, or product throughput through the plant.
  • secondary goals include the energy required for the technical process, the wear and tear, the utilization, in particular remainder mixture and residual utilization, as well as the flexibility and overall cost-effectiveness of the process and the plant.
  • the global control acts on the processing units directly or via one or more local controls using actuators (eg roller mills, screens, etc.) of the system.
  • the processing units of the system are shown schematically as a "grinding processor".
  • the processing units in the grinding processor are provided with sensors that are supplied to the local regulations, the global control and the operator (Obermüller), where the operator is also a special alarm (eg optical, acoustic) is provided.
  • the sensor information supplied to the operator can be prepared by a module for error detection and error diagnosis and, if appropriate, fed to the operator together with an alarm.
  • the regulation takes into account the plant configuration as well as product recipes.
  • the plant configuration represents the total number of units, the number of units of each type and the number of different types of units (“diversity") of the units in the plant.
  • the product recipes include the raw material specifications as well as the process parameters.
  • the global control gives the local regulations intermediate product setpoints.
  • the operator can also specify raw material information as well as the available system scope (number / variety constellation of the system).
  • the sensors can record the properties of the raw material before or at the beginning of the process, the properties of the intermediates in the plant or during the process and the properties of the final products after the plant or at the end of the process.
  • the process according to the invention can also be used advantageously in the development of a plant according to the invention.
  • an optimal elaborate number / diversity constellation to achieve a given end product requirement.
  • the process according to the invention can also be used in an analogous manner for the design and simulation of a plant according to the invention.
  • the individual parameters of this parameter variety are assigned different importance. This is preferably done by ranking and / or weighting individual parameters. Preferably, the individual parameters are also given limits for their values. For this purpose, setpoints, minimum values, maximum values and permissible value ranges are used for the individual parameters.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a schematic representation of the system according to the invention with global control and local control.
  • the global control (GR) runs on a computer, eg a PC, with an interface to a control system (LS).
  • the units of the system according to the invention are shown schematically, wherein each illustrated unit is representative of one or more units of a particular sort of units. The number of different represented units, ie number of different types of units, is thus identical to the "diversity" of the system mentioned above.
  • FIG. GR global control
  • LS control system
  • FIG. 5 shows a conditioning and grinding machine group (KoMa) with a conditioning unit (Ko) and a size reduction unit (Ma), and a fractionation / sorting machine group 10 with three fractionating units and a sorting unit ,
  • KoMa conditioning and grinding machine group
  • Ko conditioning unit
  • Ma size reduction unit
  • ZS cyclone separator
  • Representative of the one sorting unit is a whole grain sorter (SX) shown.
  • a switch assembly 9 or a multiplexer (MUX) representative of a product flow multiplexer for the multiplexing of product streams is shown schematically.
  • FIG. 6 shows a summary of a method according to the invention, as described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation de transformation de céréales. L'installation selon l'invention comprend une unité de broyage destinée à broyer des grains de céréales ou des fragments de céréales en particules de céréales telles que la farine ou la semoule, une voie de transport entre au moins deux unités de broyage, un système de régulation générale s'étendant sur au moins une grande partie des unités de l'installation et/ou au moins un système de régulation locale, associé à au moins une unité respective et au maximum à une grande partie des unités. Selon l'invention, la régulation de l'installation s'effectue par application d'une stratégie de régulation générale pour au moins une grande partie des unités de l'installation et d'une stratégie de régulation locale pour au moins une unité respective et au maximum une grande partie des unités de l'installation.
PCT/EP2009/058351 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Système de régulation pour une installation de transformation de céréales WO2010000816A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09772516A EP2318142A1 (fr) 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Système de régulation pour une installation de transformation de céréales
CN200980129390XA CN102105228A (zh) 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 谷物加工设备的调节系统

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008040095.5 2008-07-02
DE200810040095 DE102008040095A1 (de) 2008-07-02 2008-07-02 Regelsystem für Getreide-Verarbeitungsanlage

Publications (1)

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WO2010000816A1 true WO2010000816A1 (fr) 2010-01-07

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CN (1) CN102105228A (fr)
DE (1) DE102008040095A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010000816A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013135308A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Bühler AG Dispositif et procédé pour un processus optimisé de mouture de céréales, ainsi que produit de programme par ordinateur correspondant pour la commande du dispositif
WO2018036978A1 (fr) * 2016-08-22 2018-03-01 Bühler AG Dispositif de surveillance et de commande pour auto-optimisation de l'emprise de mouture d'un système de cylindres et procédé correspondant
US20210252520A1 (en) * 2018-05-25 2021-08-19 Bühler AG Cereal mill and roll stand with several milling passages for optimised milling of milling material and corresponding process

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10646877B2 (en) * 2017-03-13 2020-05-12 General Electric Technology Gmbh System and method for adjusting a material bed depth in a pulverizer mill
JP7358765B2 (ja) * 2019-04-04 2023-10-11 株式会社サタケ 製粉設備の監視システム
CN111780149B (zh) * 2020-06-01 2022-12-27 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 火力发电厂制粉系统设备状态远程诊断方法
CN115327886A (zh) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-11 东北大学 高压辊磨工序料重过程的智能pid控制器、控制方法及系统

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DE102006019417A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-15 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Mühlensystems

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EP0013023B1 (fr) * 1978-12-22 1982-10-20 Bühler AG Procédé et installation pour la mouture de céréales
US6055483A (en) * 1997-05-05 2000-04-25 Honeywell, Inc. Systems and methods using bridge models to globally optimize a process facility
DE102006019417A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-15 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Mühlensystems

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013135308A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Bühler AG Dispositif et procédé pour un processus optimisé de mouture de céréales, ainsi que produit de programme par ordinateur correspondant pour la commande du dispositif
WO2018036978A1 (fr) * 2016-08-22 2018-03-01 Bühler AG Dispositif de surveillance et de commande pour auto-optimisation de l'emprise de mouture d'un système de cylindres et procédé correspondant
JP2019532796A (ja) * 2016-08-22 2019-11-14 ビューラー アーゲー ローラシステムの粉砕ラインの自動最適化のための監視及び制御装置と対応する方法
US11065626B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2021-07-20 Buhler Ag Monitoring and control device for the automated optimization of the grinding line of a roller system and corresponding method
US20210252520A1 (en) * 2018-05-25 2021-08-19 Bühler AG Cereal mill and roll stand with several milling passages for optimised milling of milling material and corresponding process
US11618033B2 (en) * 2018-05-25 2023-04-04 Bühler AG Cereal mill and roll stand with several milling passages for optimised milling of milling material and corresponding process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102105228A (zh) 2011-06-22
DE102008040095A1 (de) 2010-01-07
EP2318142A1 (fr) 2011-05-11

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