WO2009157191A1 - 空気調和装置および空気調和装置の冷媒量判定方法 - Google Patents

空気調和装置および空気調和装置の冷媒量判定方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009157191A1
WO2009157191A1 PCT/JP2009/002888 JP2009002888W WO2009157191A1 WO 2009157191 A1 WO2009157191 A1 WO 2009157191A1 JP 2009002888 W JP2009002888 W JP 2009002888W WO 2009157191 A1 WO2009157191 A1 WO 2009157191A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
heat source
heat exchanger
value
cooling
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2009/002888
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山口貴弘
山田拓郎
山田昌弘
Original Assignee
ダイキン工業株式会社
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Application filed by ダイキン工業株式会社 filed Critical ダイキン工業株式会社
Priority to CN2009801248088A priority Critical patent/CN102077041B/zh
Priority to EP09769901.1A priority patent/EP2320169B1/de
Priority to US12/999,677 priority patent/US20110107780A1/en
Priority to ES09769901T priority patent/ES2833226T3/es
Priority to AU2009263631A priority patent/AU2009263631B8/en
Publication of WO2009157191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009157191A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0312—Pressure sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0313—Pressure sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/19—Refrigerant outlet condenser temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/21—Refrigerant outlet evaporator temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a function for determining the suitability of the amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner, in particular, in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner in which the heat source unit and the utilization unit are connected via a refrigerant communication pipe. It is related with the function which determines the suitability of the refrigerant
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-23072
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-23072
  • the refrigerant amount determination operation is performed for the first time (for example, when the air conditioner is installed) and periodically (for example, every year from the time of installation). Etc.).
  • control is performed so that the degree of superheat and the evaporation pressure of the evaporator are constant in the cooling operation state, and the degree of supercooling of the condenser is measured.
  • the refrigerant amount determination operation it is determined whether or not the refrigerant is leaking based on the difference between the degree of supercooling measured at that time and the degree of supercooling measured at the first time or before.
  • the heat source is affected by disturbances such as dirt from the outdoor heat exchanger, installation conditions of the outdoor unit, and wind and rain.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the side heat exchanger may change, and the measured degree of supercooling may vary.
  • the determination based on the degree of supercooling is performed in the refrigerant amount determination operation, it may be determined that the refrigerant amount has changed even if the amount of refrigerant charged does not change much.
  • the subject of this invention is providing the air conditioning apparatus which reduces the determination error of the appropriateness
  • the air conditioner pertaining to the first invention comprises a refrigerant circuit, mode switching means, detection means, supercooling degree correction means, and refrigerant quantity suitability determination means.
  • the refrigerant circuit includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, an expansion mechanism, a liquid refrigerant communication pipe and a gas refrigerant communication pipe.
  • the heat source unit includes a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, and cooling heat source adjusting means.
  • the compressor can adjust the operating capacity.
  • the cooling heat source adjusting means can adjust the cooling action of the cooling heat source with respect to the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the utilization unit has a utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the liquid refrigerant communication pipe and the gas refrigerant communication pipe connect the heat source unit and the utilization unit.
  • the refrigerant circuit is a cooling operation in which the heat source side heat exchanger functions as a condenser for refrigerant compressed in the compressor, and the use side heat exchanger functions as an evaporator for refrigerant condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger. Can be performed at least.
  • the mode switching means starts the cooling operation from the normal operation mode in which each device of the heat source unit and the utilization unit is controlled according to the operation load of the utilization unit, and the superheat degree of the refrigerant at the outlet of the utilization side heat exchanger becomes a positive value. It switches to the refrigerant
  • the detection means detects, as a first detection value, an operating state quantity that varies according to the degree of refrigerant subcooling or the degree of subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the supercooling degree correction means corrects the supercooling degree or the operating state quantity by at least one of the outside air temperature, the condensation temperature, and the value obtained by quantifying the cooling action, and derives the first supercooling degree correction value.
  • the refrigerant amount appropriateness determination means determines whether or not the refrigerant amount filled in the refrigerant circuit is appropriate as the refrigerant amount appropriateness determination based on the first supercooling degree correction value.
  • the heat source unit and the utilization unit are connected via a refrigerant communication pipe to constitute a refrigerant circuit, and this is a method performed in a separate type air conditioner capable of at least cooling operation.
  • “at least” is because the air conditioner to which the present invention can be applied includes one that can perform another operation such as a heating operation in addition to the cooling operation.
  • this air conditioner it is possible to switch between a normal operation such as a cooling operation (hereinafter referred to as a normal operation mode) and a refrigerant amount determination operation mode in which the use unit is forcibly cooled.
  • the operating state quantity that fluctuates according to the degree of refrigerant subcooling or the degree of subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger is detected, and the detected subcooling degree or operating state quantity is determined based on the outside air temperature and the condensation temperature.
  • the first supercooling degree correction value includes, for example, a relative supercooling degree value obtained by dividing the supercooling degree by a function of the outside air temperature and the condensation temperature, and the relative supercooling degree value includes the outside air temperature and the condensation temperature.
  • the first detection value is likely to be different between the first time and the second time due to a change in the outside air temperature. Even if the condensing temperature conditions are different (even if it varies depending on the contamination of the outdoor heat exchanger, the installation conditions of the outdoor unit, disturbances such as wind and rain), the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit If there is almost no change, it can be almost constant. As described above, by using the first supercooling degree correction value as an index for determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount, the suitability of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit is hardly affected by the above-described disturbance. Therefore, it is possible to determine the suitability of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit with almost no error.
  • An air conditioner according to a second aspect is the air conditioner according to the first aspect, wherein the supercooling degree correction means is associated with at least one of an outside air temperature, a condensation temperature, and a value obtained by quantifying the cooling action.
  • the first supercooling degree correction value is derived by correcting the detected degree of supercooling or the operating state quantity using the map or function.
  • the supercooling degree or the operating state quantity is corrected by a map or function associated with at least one of the outside air temperature, the condensation temperature, and the value obtained by quantifying the cooling action. Yes. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the detection error of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit due to the influence of disturbance such as dirt on the outdoor heat exchanger, outdoor unit installation conditions, and wind and rain.
  • An air conditioner according to a third aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the supercooling degree correction means uses at least one of an outside air temperature, a condensation temperature, and a value obtained by quantifying the cooling action as a variable.
  • a value obtained by dividing the degree of supercooling or the amount of operating state by a function including the value is derived as a first supercooling degree correction value.
  • the first supercooling degree correction value is corrected by dividing the supercooling degree or the operating state quantity by a function including at least one of the outside air temperature, the condensation temperature, and the value obtained by quantifying the cooling action as a variable. is doing. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the detection error of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit due to the influence of disturbance such as dirt on the outdoor heat exchanger, outdoor unit installation conditions, and wind and rain.
  • An air conditioner according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to any of the first to third aspects of the present invention, wherein the refrigerant amount suitability determining means periodically makes a refrigerant amount suitability determination.
  • the air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention by performing the operation in the refrigerant amount determination operation mode regularly (for example, once every year), it is possible to accurately determine whether the refrigerant amount filled in the refrigerant circuit is appropriate. If the amount of refrigerant has changed, it can be discovered quickly.
  • An air conditioner according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to any of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, wherein the compressor is driven by a motor controlled by an inverter, and the refrigerant amount determination operation mode The motor is operated so that the rotational speed by the motor is always a predetermined rotational speed. Therefore, in the air conditioning apparatus of the present invention, the operating capacity of the compressor can be controlled with high definition.
  • An air conditioner according to a sixth aspect of the invention is the air conditioner according to any of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, wherein the heat source side heat exchanger is an air-cooled heat exchanger whose cooling heat source is an air heat source. .
  • the present invention is applied to an air conditioner that cools a heat source side heat exchanger by blowing air. Therefore, the first supercooling degree correction is used as an index for determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount even for an air conditioner in which such a cooling heat source employs an air-cooled heat exchanger of an air heat source as a heat source side heat exchanger. Since the value is adopted, it is possible to accurately determine the appropriateness of the refrigerant amount without being significantly affected by disturbances such as dirt on the heat source side heat exchanger, installation status of the heat source unit, and wind and rain.
  • An air conditioner according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, wherein the cooling heat source adjusting means is a blower fan that can vary the amount of air blown to the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the detection means is configured to calculate an operating state amount that varies according to a degree of refrigerant subcooling or a degree of subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger in a state in which the airflow of the blower fan is maximized. It detects as a 2nd detection value.
  • the supercooling degree correction means corrects the second detection value by at least one of an outside air temperature, a condensation temperature, and a value obtained by quantifying the cooling action, and derives the second detection value as a second supercooling degree correction value.
  • the refrigerant quantity suitability determining means performs the refrigerant quantity suitability determination based on the second supercooling degree correction value.
  • the present invention is applied to an air conditioner that cools a heat source side heat exchanger by blowing air with a blower fan that can vary the amount of air to be blown.
  • the air flow of the blower fan is maximized, and the refrigerant quantity varies depending on the degree of refrigerant subcooling or the degree of supercooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the operating state quantity to be detected is detected, and the suitability of the refrigerant quantity charged in the refrigerant circuit is determined.
  • An air conditioner according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, wherein the cooling heat source adjusting means is a water spray device that sprays water onto the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the detection means is configured to calculate an operation state amount that varies depending on a degree of refrigerant subcooling or a degree of subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger in a state where water is sprayed from the water spray device. It detects as a 3rd detection value.
  • the supercooling degree correction means corrects the third detection value by at least one of the condensation temperature and the value obtained by quantifying the cooling action, and derives the third detection value as a third supercooling degree correction value.
  • the refrigerant quantity suitability determination unit performs the refrigerant quantity suitability determination based on the third supercooling degree correction value.
  • the present invention utilizes a cooling action due to sensible heat of water and a cooling action due to latent heat of water by spraying water onto a water spray device using a heat source side heat exchanger employing an air-cooled heat exchanger as an air heat source. It is applied to an air conditioner that performs heat exchange.
  • the suitability of the refrigerant amount can be accurately determined without being significantly affected by disturbances such as dirt on the heat source side heat exchanger, installation status of the heat source unit, and wind and rain.
  • An air conditioner according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, wherein the cooling heat source adjustment means is directed to the blower fan capable of adjusting the amount of air blown to the heat source side heat exchanger and the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the detection means is configured to maximize the air volume of the blower fan and spray water from the water spray device, and change the degree of refrigerant subcooling or subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger. The amount of operation state that varies according to is detected as the third detection value.
  • the supercooling degree correction means corrects the third detection value by at least one of the condensation temperature and the value obtained by quantifying the cooling action, and derives the third detection value as a third supercooling degree correction value.
  • the refrigerant quantity suitability determination unit performs the refrigerant quantity suitability determination based on the third supercooling degree correction value.
  • the present invention is an air conditioner that employs a heat source side heat exchanger that uses a cooling action by air blowing using a blower fan and a cooling action by spraying water using a water spray device as a cooling heat source. Applied to the device.
  • the effect of the cooling heat source is maximized by spraying water. Therefore, the suitability of the refrigerant amount can be accurately determined without being significantly affected by disturbances such as dirt on the heat source side heat exchanger, the installation status of the heat source unit, and wind and rain.
  • a refrigerant amount determination method for an air conditioner includes a compressor capable of adjusting the operating capacity, a heat source side heat exchanger, and a cooling heat source adjustment means capable of adjusting the cooling action of the cooling heat source for the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • a heat source unit a utilization unit having a utilization side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, a liquid refrigerant communication pipe and a gas refrigerant communication pipe connecting the heat source unit and the utilization unit, and compressing the heat source side heat exchanger
  • An air conditioner having a refrigerant circuit capable of at least a cooling operation for functioning as a condenser for a refrigerant to be compressed in a machine and functioning as an evaporator for a refrigerant to be condensed in a heat source side heat exchanger
  • a refrigerant amount determination method for determining whether or not a refrigerant amount in a refrigerant circuit is appropriate in the apparatus, comprising: a mode switching step, a detection step, a detection value correction step, and a refrigerant amount suitability And a constant step.
  • the mode switching step from the normal operation mode in which the heat source unit and each device of the usage unit are controlled according to the operating load of the usage unit, the cooling operation is performed and the superheat degree of the refrigerant at the outlet of the usage side heat exchanger becomes a positive value. It switches to the refrigerant
  • the detection step in the refrigerant quantity determination operation mode, an operating state quantity that varies according to the degree of refrigerant subcooling or the degree of subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger is detected as a first detection value.
  • the first detection value is corrected by at least one of an outside air temperature, a condensation temperature, and a value obtained by quantifying the cooling action, and is derived as a first supercooling degree correction value.
  • the refrigerant quantity propriety determination step in the refrigerant quantity judgment operation mode, the propriety of the refrigerant quantity charged in the refrigerant circuit is determined based on the first supercooling degree correction value.
  • a heat source unit and a utilization unit are connected via a refrigerant communication pipe to form a refrigerant circuit, and at least a separate type air conditioner capable of cooling operation is used.
  • a separate type air conditioner capable of cooling operation is used.
  • “at least” is because the air conditioner to which the present invention can be applied includes one that can perform another operation such as a heating operation in addition to the cooling operation.
  • this air conditioner it is possible to switch between a normal operation such as a cooling operation (hereinafter referred to as a normal operation mode) and a refrigerant amount determination operation mode in which the use unit is forcibly cooled.
  • the operating state quantity that fluctuates according to the degree of refrigerant subcooling or the degree of subcooling at the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger is detected, and the detected subcooling degree or operating state quantity is determined based on the outside air temperature and the condensation temperature.
  • the first supercooling degree correction value includes, for example, a relative supercooling degree value obtained by dividing the supercooling degree by a function of the outside air temperature and the condensation temperature, and the relative supercooling degree value includes the outside air temperature and the condensation temperature.
  • the first detection value is likely to be different between the first time and the second time due to a change in the outside air temperature. Even if the condensing temperature conditions are different (even if it varies depending on the contamination of the outdoor heat exchanger, the installation conditions of the outdoor unit, disturbances such as wind and rain), the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit If there is little change, it can be almost constant. As described above, by using the first supercooling degree correction value as an index for determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount, the suitability of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit is hardly affected by the above-described disturbance. Therefore, it is possible to determine the suitability of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit with almost no error.
  • the air conditioner according to the first aspect of the present invention by using the first supercooling degree correction value as an index for determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount, the suitability of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit is hardly affected by disturbance. Thus, it is possible to determine the suitability of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit with almost no error.
  • the detection error of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit due to the influence of disturbance such as dirt on the outdoor heat exchanger, the installation status of the outdoor unit, and wind and rain can be reduced.
  • the air conditioner according to the third aspect of the invention it is possible to reduce the detection error of the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit due to the influence of disturbance such as dirt on the outdoor heat exchanger, the installation condition of the outdoor unit, and wind and rain.
  • the propriety of the refrigerant amount charged in the refrigerant circuit is accurately determined by performing the operation in the refrigerant amount determination operation mode periodically (for example, once every year). If the amount of refrigerant has changed, it can be quickly discovered.
  • the operating capacity of the compressor can be controlled with high definition.
  • an air conditioner that employs an air-cooled heat exchanger whose cooling heat source is an air heat source as a heat source side heat exchanger is the 1 Since the supercooling degree correction value is adopted, it is possible to accurately determine the appropriateness of the refrigerant amount without being significantly affected by disturbances such as dirt on the heat source side heat exchanger, installation status of the heat source unit, and wind and rain. .
  • the heat source side heat exchanger is contaminated, the heat source unit, even for an air conditioner that employs an air-cooled heat exchanger whose cooling heat source is an air heat source as the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the suitability of the refrigerant amount can be accurately determined without being greatly affected by disturbances such as installation conditions and wind and rain.
  • the air-cooled heat exchanger of the air heat source is adopted as the heat source side heat exchanger, and the effect of the cooling heat source is maximized by spraying water, so that the refrigerant amount is appropriate. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the appropriateness of the refrigerant amount without being significantly affected by disturbances such as dirt on the heat source side heat exchanger, the installation status of the heat source unit, and wind and rain.
  • the air heat source air-cooled heat exchanger is adopted as the heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the suitability of the refrigerant amount can be accurately determined without much influence from disturbances such as dirt on the heat source side heat exchanger, the installation status of the heat source unit, and wind and rain. Can be determined.
  • the first supercooling degree correction value is used as an index for determining whether or not the refrigerant amount is appropriate, so that the refrigerant circuit is hardly affected by disturbance. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether or not the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is appropriate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic refrigerant circuit diagram of an air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the refrigerant
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner 1 is a device used for indoor air conditioning such as a building by performing a vapor compression refrigeration cycle operation.
  • the air conditioner 1 mainly includes one outdoor unit 2, an indoor unit 4, a liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and a gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 that connect the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 4. That is, the vapor compression refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment is configured by connecting the outdoor unit 2, the indoor unit 4, the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7. ing.
  • the indoor unit 4 is installed by embedding or hanging in a ceiling of a room such as a building or by hanging on a wall surface of the room.
  • the indoor unit 4 is connected to the outdoor unit 2 via a liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and a gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 and constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
  • the indoor unit 4 mainly has an indoor refrigerant circuit 11 that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
  • This indoor refrigerant circuit 11 mainly has an indoor heat exchanger 41 as a use side heat exchanger.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 41 is a cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger composed of heat transfer tubes and a large number of fins, and functions as a refrigerant evaporator during cooling operation. It is a heat exchanger that cools indoor air and functions as a refrigerant condenser during heating operation to heat indoor air.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 41 is a cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger, but is not limited thereto, and may be another type of heat exchanger.
  • the indoor unit 4 sucks indoor air into the unit, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 41, and then supplies the indoor fan 42 as a blower fan to be supplied indoors as supply air.
  • the indoor fan 42 is a fan capable of changing the air volume supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 41.
  • the indoor fan 42 is a centrifugal fan or a multiblade fan driven by a motor 42m such as a DC fan motor.
  • the indoor unit 4 is provided with an indoor temperature sensor 43 that detects the temperature of indoor air flowing into the unit (that is, the indoor temperature) on the indoor air inlet side of the indoor unit 4.
  • the room temperature sensor 43 is a thermistor.
  • the indoor unit 4 has an indoor side control unit 44 that controls the operation of each part constituting the indoor unit 4.
  • the indoor side control part 44 has the microcomputer, memory, etc. which were provided in order to control the indoor unit 4, and is with the remote control (not shown) for operating the indoor unit 4 separately. Control signals and the like can be exchanged between them, and control signals and the like can be exchanged with the outdoor unit 2 via the transmission line 8a.
  • the outdoor unit 2 is installed outside a building or the like, and is connected to the indoor unit 4 via a liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and a gas refrigerant communication pipe 7, and constitutes a refrigerant circuit 10 together with the indoor unit 4. .
  • the outdoor unit 2 mainly has an outdoor refrigerant circuit 12 that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
  • the outdoor refrigerant circuit 12 mainly includes a compressor 21, a four-way switching valve 22, an outdoor heat exchanger 23 as a heat source side heat exchanger, an outdoor expansion valve 33 as an expansion mechanism, an accumulator 24, A liquid side closing valve 25 and a gas side closing valve 26 are provided.
  • the compressor 21 is a compressor whose operating capacity can be varied.
  • the compressor 21 is a positive displacement compressor driven by a motor 21m whose rotation speed is controlled by an inverter.
  • the compressor 21 is only one unit, it is not limited to this, Two or more compressors may be connected in parallel according to the number of connected indoor units or the like. .
  • the four-way switching valve 22 is a valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is used as a refrigerant condenser compressed by the compressor 21 and the indoor heat exchanger 41.
  • Connects the accumulator 24) and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 side (cooling operation state: refer to the solid line of the four-way switching valve 22 in FIG. 1), and compresses the indoor heat exchanger 41 by the compressor 21 during heating operation.
  • the discharge side of the compressor 21 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 side are Connect It is possible to connect the gas side of the suction side and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 of the compressor 21 together with the (heating operation state: see the broken lines of the four-way switching valve 22 in FIG. 1).
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is a cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger composed of heat transfer tubes and a large number of fins, and functions as a refrigerant condenser during cooling operation. It is a heat exchanger that functions as a refrigerant evaporator during heating operation.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 has a gas side connected to the four-way switching valve 22 and a liquid side connected to the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is a cross-fin fin-and-tube heat exchanger, but is not limited to this, and may be another type of heat exchanger.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 33 is configured to perform outdoor heat exchange in the refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit 10 during the cooling operation in order to adjust the pressure, flow rate, and the like of the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor refrigerant circuit 12.
  • This is an electric expansion valve disposed downstream of the vessel 23 (in this embodiment, connected to the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23), and can also block the passage of the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor unit 2 has an outdoor fan 27 as a blower fan for sucking outdoor air into the unit, exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 23, and then discharging the air outside.
  • the outdoor fan 27 is a fan capable of changing the air volume supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
  • the outdoor fan 27 is a propeller fan or the like driven by a motor 27m such as a DC fan motor.
  • the accumulator 24 is connected between the four-way selector valve 22 and the compressor 21 and is a container capable of storing surplus refrigerant generated in the refrigerant circuit 10 in accordance with fluctuations in the operating load of the indoor unit 4. It is.
  • the liquid side shutoff valve 25 and the gas side shutoff valve 26 are valves provided at connection ports with external devices and pipes (specifically, the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7).
  • the liquid side closing valve 25 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
  • the gas side closing valve 26 is connected to the four-way switching valve 22.
  • the outdoor unit 2 is provided with various sensors.
  • the outdoor unit 2 includes an evaporating pressure sensor 28 that detects the pressure of the gas refrigerant flowing from the indoor heat exchanger 41 and a condensing pressure sensor that detects the condensing pressure condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 23. 29, a suction temperature sensor 30 for detecting the suction temperature of the compressor 21, and a liquid side temperature sensor 31 for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant in the liquid state or the gas-liquid two-phase state on the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23. Is provided.
  • An outdoor temperature sensor 32 that detects the temperature of the outdoor air flowing into the unit (that is, the outdoor temperature) is provided on the outdoor air inlet side of the outdoor unit 2.
  • the suction temperature sensor 30, the liquid side temperature sensor 31, and the outdoor temperature sensor 32 are composed of thermistors.
  • the outdoor unit 2 includes an outdoor side control unit 34 that controls the operation of each unit constituting the outdoor unit 2.
  • the outdoor control unit 34 includes a microcomputer provided for controlling the outdoor unit 2, a memory, an inverter circuit for controlling the motor 21m, and the like. Control signals and the like can be exchanged between them. That is, the control part 8 which performs operation control of the whole air conditioning apparatus 1 is comprised by the transmission line 8a which connects between the indoor side control part 44, the outdoor side control part 34, and the control parts 34 and 44.
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting the indoor-side refrigerant circuit 11, the outdoor-side refrigerant circuit 12, and the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7.
  • the air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment performs the operation by switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation by the four-way switching valve 22, and each of the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 4 according to the operation load of the indoor unit 4. The device is controlled.
  • movement of an air conditioning apparatus Next, operation
  • the operation mode of the air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment the normal operation mode for controlling each device of the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 4 according to the operation load of the indoor unit 4 and the cooling of all the indoor units 4 are performed.
  • the normal operation mode includes a cooling operation and a heating operation
  • the refrigerant amount determination operation mode includes a refrigerant leakage detection operation.
  • the degree of refrigerant supercooling at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is determined by using the refrigerant pressure (condensation pressure) value on the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 detected by the condensation pressure sensor 29 as the saturation temperature value of the refrigerant. And is detected by subtracting the refrigerant temperature value detected by the liquid side temperature sensor 31 from the saturation temperature value of the refrigerant.
  • the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become high-pressure gas refrigerant. Thereafter, the high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 via the four-way switching valve 22 and is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 27. Become.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 33 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and is sent to the indoor unit 4 via the liquid-side closing valve 25 and the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 33 controls the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 so that the degree of supercooling at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 becomes a predetermined value
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is controlled.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in step 1 has a predetermined degree of supercooling.
  • the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the indoor unit 4 is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 41, where it is evaporated by exchanging heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 41 to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant. .
  • required in the air-conditioning space in which the indoor unit 4 was installed flows through the indoor heat exchanger 41.
  • This low-pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 and flows into the accumulator 24 via the gas-side closing valve 26 and the four-way switching valve 22. Then, the low-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the accumulator 24 is again sucked into the compressor 21.
  • the operating load of the indoor unit 4 for example, when the operating load of the indoor unit 4 is small or when it is stopped, excess refrigerant is accumulated in the accumulator 24.
  • the distribution state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 during the cooling operation in the normal operation mode is as follows. As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant is in the liquid state (the hatched portion in FIG.
  • the gas-liquid The two-phase states (lattice hatched portions in FIG. 2) and gas states (hatched hatched portions in FIG. 2) are distributed and distributed.
  • the portion from the vicinity of the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 to the outdoor expansion valve 33 is filled with a liquid refrigerant.
  • the intermediate portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the portion between the outdoor expansion valve 33 and the vicinity of the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 are filled with the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the portion from the middle portion of the indoor heat exchanger 41 to the portion excluding a part of the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 and the accumulator 24 and the vicinity of the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 via the compressor 21 is in a gas state.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit 10 in the cooling operation.
  • the heating operation in the normal operation mode will be described.
  • the four-way switching valve 22 is in the state indicated by the broken line in FIG. 1, that is, the discharge side of the compressor 21 is connected to the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger 41, and the suction side of the compressor 21 is the outdoor heat. It is connected to the gas side of the exchanger 23.
  • the degree of opening of the outdoor expansion valve 33 is adjusted so as to reduce the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 23 to a pressure at which the refrigerant can evaporate in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 (that is, evaporation pressure). .
  • the liquid side closing valve 25 and the gas side closing valve 26 are opened.
  • the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant, and the four-way switching valve 22 and the gas side closing are performed. It is sent to the indoor unit 4 via the valve 26 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor unit 4 is condensed by exchanging heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 41, and then becomes high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then passes through the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6. Sent to the outdoor unit 2.
  • the indoor expansion valves 41 and 51 control the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the indoor heat exchanger 41 so that the degree of supercooling at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 becomes a predetermined value, indoor heat exchange is performed.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in the vessel 41 has a predetermined degree of supercooling.
  • required in the air-conditioning space in which the indoor unit 4 was installed flows through the indoor heat exchanger 41.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure by the outdoor expansion valve 33 via the liquid-side closing valve 25 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
  • the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 27 to evaporate into a low-pressure gas refrigerant, and the four-way switching valve 22. And flows into the accumulator 24.
  • the low-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the accumulator 24 is again sucked into the compressor 21.
  • the operation load of the indoor unit 4 for example, when an excess refrigerant amount is generated in the refrigerant circuit 10, such as when one operation load of the indoor unit 4 is small or stopped.
  • excess refrigerant accumulates in the accumulator 24.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection operation is performed, and the operation that is performed only after the air conditioner 1 is installed (hereinafter referred to as the initial setting operation) and the second and subsequent operations ( Hereinafter, the method of driving is different from the determination driving). For this reason, the first setting operation and the determination operation will be described below separately.
  • step S1 when an instruction to start the initial setting operation is made, the refrigerant circuit 10 is in a state where the four-way switching valve 22 of the outdoor unit 2 is shown by a solid line in FIG. 1, and the compressor 21 and the outdoor fan 27 are turned on. When activated, all the indoor units 4 are forcibly cooled (see FIG. 2). At this time, the rotational speed of the motor 27m is maximized in the outdoor fan 27 so that the air volume is maximized.
  • step S1 since the air volume of the outdoor fan 27 is maximized in the cooling operation, the heat transfer efficiency on the air side of the heat exchange efficiency performed by the outdoor heat exchanger 23 can be maximized, and the influence of disturbance is reduced. Can be made.
  • the “disturbance” referred to here includes contamination of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, the installation status of the outdoor unit 2, presence of wind and rain, and the like. Therefore, if the air volume of the outdoor fan 27 is the maximum, when the air volume of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and this outdoor fan 27 becomes the maximum, the process proceeds to the next step S2.
  • step S2 temperature reading- In step S2, the indoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 43 and the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor are read.
  • step S3 Judgment whether or not it is in the detectable range- In step S3, it is determined whether or not the detected indoor temperature and outdoor temperature are within a predetermined temperature range suitable for a preset refrigerant amount determination operation mode. If it is determined in step S3 that the room temperature and the outdoor temperature are within the predetermined temperature range, the process proceeds to the next step S4. If the room temperature and the outdoor temperature are not within the predetermined temperature range, the cooling operation in step S1 is continued. It will be.
  • step S4 Determination of whether or not the relative degree of supercooling is a predetermined value or more
  • a relative supercooling degree value is derived, and it is determined whether or not the relative supercooling degree value is a predetermined value or more.
  • the “relative supercooling value” refers to a value obtained by dividing the supercooling value at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 by the value obtained by subtracting the outdoor temperature from the condensation temperature value. The “relative supercooling degree value” will be described in detail later.
  • condensation temperature value a value obtained by converting the pressure (condensation pressure) value on the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 detected by the condensation pressure sensor 29 into the saturation temperature of the refrigerant is used. If it is determined in step S4 that the relative supercooling value is less than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to the next step S5, and if it is determined that the relative subcooling value is less than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S6.
  • step S5 control of relative supercooling- In step S5, since the relative supercooling degree value is less than the predetermined value, the rotational frequency of the compressor 21 and the superheating degree at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 are set so that the relative supercooling degree value is equal to or greater than the predetermined value.
  • the cooling operation in step S1 is performed with the rotational frequency of the compressor 21 being 40 Hz and the degree of superheat at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 being 5 ° C., and whether or not the relative supercooling degree value is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. judge.
  • the rotational frequency of the compressor 21 is increased from 40 Hz to, for example, 50 Hz
  • the superheat degree of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 is lowered to 5 ° C.
  • the relative supercool degree value is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. It is determined whether or not.
  • the degree of relative supercooling is controlled to be equal to or higher than a predetermined value by repeatedly increasing the degree of superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 by 5 ° C. again. And if a relative supercooling degree value becomes more than predetermined value, it will transfer to Step S6.
  • Control of the degree of superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 is controlled by narrowing the outdoor expansion valve 33 from the open state. ing. Further, the control of the degree of superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 is not limited to this, and may be performed by controlling the air volume of the indoor fan 42, or the control of the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 33. And control of the air volume of the indoor fan 42 may be performed in combination.
  • the degree of superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 41 is converted from the refrigerant temperature value detected by the suction temperature sensor 30 to the evaporation pressure value detected by the evaporation pressure sensor 28 into the saturation temperature value of the refrigerant.
  • the detected value is detected by subtracting.
  • step S6 Since the degree of superheat is controlled to be a positive value in step S5, as shown in FIG. 4, the accumulator 24 is in a state where no excess refrigerant is accumulated, and the refrigerant accumulated in the accumulator 24 is subjected to outdoor heat exchange. It will move to the container 23. -Step S6, memorize relative degree of supercooling- In step S6, the relative supercooling degree value that is equal to or greater than the predetermined value in step S4 or step S6 is stored as the initial relative supercooling degree value, and the process proceeds to the next step S7.
  • step S7 parameter storage- In step S7, the rotational frequency of the compressor 21, the rotational frequency of the indoor fan 42, the outdoor temperature Ta, and the indoor temperature Tb in the operating state at the supercooling degree value stored in step S6 are stored. End the initial setting operation.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart at the time of determination operation.
  • the relative supercooling degree is expressed as relative SC for simplification.
  • the operation is switched to the determination operation which is one of the refrigerant amount determination operation modes periodically (for example, once a month, when no load is required in the air-conditioned space).
  • the determination operation which is one of the refrigerant amount determination operation modes periodically (for example, once a month, when no load is required in the air-conditioned space).
  • a case will be described as an example in which it is detected whether or not the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit has leaked to the outside due to unforeseen causes.
  • Step S11 Judgment whether normal operation mode has passed for a certain period of time- First, it is determined whether or not the operation in the normal operation mode such as the cooling operation or the heating operation described above has passed for a certain period of time (every month, etc.). The process proceeds to step S12.
  • -Step S12 cooling the indoor unit-
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 and the four-way switching valve 22 of the outdoor unit 2 are in the state indicated by the solid line in FIG.
  • the compressor 21 and the outdoor fan 27 are activated, and the cooling operation is forcibly performed for all the indoor units 4 (see FIG. 2).
  • -Step S13 temperature reading- In step S13, the room temperature and the outdoor temperature are read in the same manner as in step S2 of the initial setting operation.
  • the process proceeds to the next step S14.
  • step S14 Determining whether or not Detectable Range-
  • step S14 whether or not the detected indoor temperature and outdoor temperature are within a predetermined temperature range suitable for the preset refrigerant amount determination operation mode, as in step S3 of the initial setting operation described above. judge.
  • step S14 if the room temperature and the outdoor temperature are within the predetermined temperature range, the process proceeds to the next step S15. If the room temperature and the outdoor temperature are not within the predetermined temperature range, the cooling operation in step S12 is continued. It will be.
  • step S15 Control to conditions in step S15, initial setting operation-
  • the compressor 21 and the indoor fan 42 are controlled based on the rotation frequency of the compressor 21 and the rotation frequency of the indoor fan 42 stored in step S7 of the initial setting operation.
  • coolant inside the refrigerant circuit 10 can be considered as the state similar to an initial setting driving
  • step S15 ends, the process proceeds to the next step S16.
  • step S16 Determination of Adequacy of Refrigerant Quantity-
  • the degree of relative supercooling is derived as in step S4 of the initial setting operation. Then, it is determined whether or not a value obtained by subtracting the relative supercooling degree from the initial relative supercooling degree (hereinafter referred to as a relative supercooling degree difference) is equal to or greater than a second predetermined value. If it is determined in step S16 that the relative subcooling degree difference is less than the second predetermined value, the determination operation is terminated, and if it is determined that the relative subcooling degree difference is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S17. To do.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the condensation temperature Tc and the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature Tl when the outdoor temperature Ta is constant with respect to the outdoor fan air volume. Referring to FIG. 6, under the condition where the outdoor temperature Ta is constant, the condensation temperature Tc and the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature Tl decrease as the outdoor fan air volume increases. The drop of the decrease is that the condensation temperature Tc is larger than the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature Tl. That is, it is understood that when the outdoor fan air volume increases, the degree of supercooling, which is the difference between the condensation temperature Tc and the outdoor heat exchanger outlet temperature Tl, decreases.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the distribution of the supercooling degree value with respect to the outdoor fan air volume, as the outdoor fan air volume increases, the supercooling degree value decreases.
  • the variation in the degree of supercooling is greater when the outdoor fan air volume is smaller than when the outdoor fan air volume is large. This is because when the outdoor fan airflow is small, it is more susceptible to disturbances such as dirt from the outdoor heat exchanger, outdoor unit installation, and wind and rain, and when the outdoor fan airflow is large, it is more susceptible to disturbances. This is thought to be because it is difficult. For this reason, by maximizing the outdoor fan air volume, it is possible to suppress variations in the detected supercooling degree value and reduce detection errors.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the distribution of the supercooling degree value with respect to the outdoor fan air volume, as the outdoor fan air volume increases, the supercooling degree value decreases.
  • the variation in the degree of supercooling is greater when the outdoor fan air volume is smaller than when the outdoor fan air volume is large. This is because when the outdoor
  • the relative supercooling degree value is a value obtained by dividing the supercooling degree value by the value obtained by subtracting the outdoor temperature from the condensation temperature value. Referring to FIG. 8, it can be seen that regardless of the magnitude of the outdoor fan air volume, the value is approximately between 0.3 and 0.4, and there is little variation. Therefore, by using this relative supercooling degree value as an index when determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount, it is possible to determine the suitability of the refrigerant amount without being affected by disturbance as much as possible, and to suppress detection errors. Can do. Therefore, it is very useful to use the relative supercooling degree value for determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount.
  • the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 4 are connected via the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 to constitute the refrigerant circuit 10.
  • the air conditioner 1 can be operated by switching between a normal operation such as a cooling operation (hereinafter referred to as a normal operation mode) and a refrigerant amount determination operation mode in which the indoor unit 4 is forcibly cooled.
  • a normal operation mode such as a cooling operation
  • a refrigerant amount determination operation mode in which the indoor unit 4 is forcibly cooled.
  • the relative supercooling value is employed as an index in determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount, and the relative supercooling value is obtained by subtracting the outdoor temperature from the condensation temperature value, It is a value obtained by dividing the supercooling degree value.
  • the relative supercooling value is within the range of about 0.3 to 0.4 regardless of the magnitude of the outdoor fan air volume, and there is little variation.
  • the degree of refrigerant supercooling at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is the refrigerant pressure (corresponding to the condensation pressure) value on the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 detected by the condensation pressure sensor 29.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • an outdoor heat exchange sensor capable of detecting the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided to detect the condensation temperature value as the saturation temperature value of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant temperature value detected by the liquid-side temperature sensor 31 is the refrigerant temperature value. It may be detected by subtracting from the saturation temperature value.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 employs an air-cooled heat exchanger of an air heat source, and the heat transfer effect is promoted by the blower fan 27. Further, the water spray may be performed together with the ventilation of the blower fan 27, and the heat transfer effect may be promoted only by water spray by the water spray device without the blower fan 27. It may be anything.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 23 employs an air-cooled heat exchanger as an air heat source, but is not limited thereto, and a water-cooled heat exchanger as a water heat source may be employed.
  • the cooling operation in the refrigerant quantity determination operation mode is performed either in a state where the supply flow rate of the cooling water that is the water heat source is maximum, or in a state where the temperature of the cooling water that is the water heat source is minimized. It is performed in a state where these are used together.
  • the value obtained by dividing the supercooling degree value at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 by the value obtained by subtracting the outdoor temperature from the condensation temperature value and the relative supercooling degree are defined, but not limited thereto. Any value may be used as long as it is corrected by an expression based on at least one of the degree of supercooling, outdoor temperature, condensation temperature, and outdoor fan air volume.
  • the relative degree of supercooling in this case is desirably obtained by dividing the degree of supercooling by a function including at least one of the outdoor temperature, the condensation temperature, and the outdoor fan air volume as a variable. Further, the relative degree of supercooling may be corrected not only by these formulas but also by a map stored in advance.
  • the value obtained by adding the numerical value of the cooling effect by water spray is replaced with the above-described outdoor fan air volume.
  • the numerical value of the cooling action by the cooling water is replaced with the outdoor fan air volume described above.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be applied to a separate type air conditioner, and is a pair type.
  • the present invention may be applied to an air conditioner or an air conditioner dedicated to cooling.
  • Air conditioner Outdoor unit (heat source unit) 4 Indoor units (units used) 6 Liquid refrigerant communication pipe 7 Gas refrigerant communication pipe 10 Refrigerant circuit 21 Compressor 23 Outdoor heat exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger) 27 Outdoor fan (cooling heat source adjustment means) 33 Outdoor expansion valve (expansion mechanism) 41 Use side heat exchanger

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PCT/JP2009/002888 2008-06-27 2009-06-24 空気調和装置および空気調和装置の冷媒量判定方法 WO2009157191A1 (ja)

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CN2009801248088A CN102077041B (zh) 2008-06-27 2009-06-24 空调装置和空调装置的制冷剂量判定方法
EP09769901.1A EP2320169B1 (de) 2008-06-27 2009-06-24 Klimaanlage und verfahren zur bestimmung der darin enthaltenen kältemittelmenge
US12/999,677 US20110107780A1 (en) 2008-06-27 2009-06-24 Air conditioning apparatus and air conditioning apparatus refrigerant quantity determination method
ES09769901T ES2833226T3 (es) 2008-06-27 2009-06-24 Acondicionador de aire y método para determinar la cantidad de refrigerante en el mismo
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