WO2009104323A1 - 酸性水溶性標的物質吸着ポリマー及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
酸性水溶性標的物質吸着ポリマー及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
- B01J20/267—Cross-linked polymers
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F290/065—Polyamides; Polyesteramides; Polyimides
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/20—Chemical modification of a polymer leading to a crosslinking, either explicitly or inherently
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer that selectively adsorbs an acidic water-soluble target substance, a polymer having a specific recognition site for the acidic water-soluble target substance, a production method thereof, and an adsorbent for the acidic water-soluble target substance.
- the selective separation technology of the target substance based on the structure and characteristics of the target substance is an indispensable technique for various industries and chemical and biological research.
- the molecular imprinting method is one of the most important methods (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- a molecularly imprinted polymer obtained by a molecular imprinting method (molecularly imprinted polymer, hereinafter also referred to as MIP) polymerizes a polymerizable molecule having a functional group in the presence of a template molecule, and then removes the template molecule. Thus, it has a characteristic of having a specific binding site complementary to the template molecule.
- MIP has been used as an alternative to biological antibodies, for example, chromatographic separation of medical substances, solid phase extraction for pretreatment of environmental or biological samples, artificial antibodies in immunoassays, and biosensors for detecting structure specificity
- biological antibodies for example, chromatographic separation of medical substances, solid phase extraction for pretreatment of environmental or biological samples, artificial antibodies in immunoassays, and biosensors for detecting structure specificity
- MIP is prepared using an interaction by hydrogen bonding in an organic solvent. Therefore, it is difficult to prepare MIP for water-soluble compounds in an organic solvent.
- MIP prepared in an organic solvent is used in an aqueous solution, there is a problem that the specific recognition ability of MIP for the template molecule is reduced due to the shrinkage of the polymer.
- water molecules are characterized by dissociating hydrogen bonds between substances, preparation and use of MIP in water is very difficult. Further, in an aqueous solution, non-selective adsorption to the polymer matrix surface tends to occur due to hydrophobic interaction.
- Non-Patent Document 1 MIP is produced using an excess of functional monomer, so that the recognition site for the MIP template molecule is considered to be non-homogeneous.
- the manufacturing method of patent document 1 since an ionic interaction is formed in an organic solvent and MIP is manufactured, it is thought that the distance between functional groups in an organic solvent differs from the distance between functional groups in aqueous solution. . Therefore, it is considered that the imprint effect is not sufficient by these methods. In addition, these methods have a problem that they cannot be used for water-soluble compounds having no hydrophobic skeleton such as aromatics.
- the hollow fiber membrane wall is made so that fine pores with a diameter of about 10 to 100 nm penetrate, and harmful substances migrate from the blood side to the dialysate side due to the osmotic pressure difference.
- low molecular weight substances 500 daltons or less
- medium molecular weight substances 500 to 5000 daltons
- molecular weights of 10,000 daltons or more Low molecular weight proteins can be removed from patients with chronic renal failure by dialysis.
- hollow fiber membranes capable of removing pathogens having a large molecular weight tend to remove too much hormones, vitamins, amino acids and water essential for the living body from the engineering grounds of membrane structure and permeability. Therefore, long-term use of artificial dialysis causes various complications such as bone / joint disorders, anemia, and blood pressure reduction.
- the present invention is a polymer that selectively adsorbs acidic water-soluble target substances such as uric acid and creatine, such as nitrogen metabolism waste substances, nucleosides, and amino acids, and a polymer having a specific recognition site for acidic water-soluble target substances, and a polymer having a specific recognition site for acidic water-soluble target substances. It is an object of the present invention to provide a production method thereof, and an adsorbent for an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- acidic water-soluble target substances such as uric acid and creatine, such as nitrogen metabolism waste substances, nucleosides, and amino acids
- the present inventor conducted a two-step reaction in which a polymer having an amino group and / or imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent are subjected to a Michael addition reaction and then radical polymerization is performed. It has been found that a polymer having a crosslinked structure can selectively adsorb an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- a polymer prepared by combining a polymer having an amino group and / or imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent after a Michael addition reaction and radical polymerization and a molecular imprinting method is an acidic water-soluble polymer.
- the present inventors have found that an acidic water-soluble target substance can be specifically recognized and adsorbed with high affinity for a target substance. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- a two-stage reaction in which at least one acidic water-soluble target substance is selectively adsorbed and is radically polymerized after Michael addition reaction between an amino group and / or imino group-containing polymer and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent A polymer characterized by having a cross-linked structure.
- the functional group that can interact with the acidic water-soluble target substance is any one of a diaminotriazine derivative, a diaminopyridazine derivative, a guanidine derivative, an imidazole derivative, a porphyrin derivative, and a cyclodextrin derivative. Polymer. 6).
- a method for producing a polymer that selectively adsorbs at least one acidic water-soluble target substance, the polymer having at least one amino group and / or imino group capable of interacting with the acidic water-soluble target substance A method for producing a polymer, characterized in that a crosslinked copolymer is obtained by a two-stage reaction in which radical polymerization is carried out after Michael addition reaction between an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent. 13.
- a method for producing a polymer having a specific recognition site for at least one acidic water-soluble target substance, wherein the specific recognition site is formed in an aqueous solution by a molecular imprinting method including the following steps (1) and (2):
- a template molecule is liberated and removed from the crosslinked copolymer obtained in step (1) to form a specific recognition site for the template molecule.
- Step 14 the polymer having an amino group and / or imino group is a polymer having one or more functional groups capable of partially binding to an acidic water-soluble target substance in addition to the amino group and / or imino group.
- a method for producing the polymer described. 15.
- An acidic water-soluble target substance adsorbent comprising the polymer according to any one of 1 to 11 above. 16.
- the polymer of the present invention has an excellent adsorptivity to acidic water-soluble target substances, and develops the ability to selectively adsorb only acidic water-soluble target substances even in a living body-like environment. It is possible to quickly eliminate only the acidic water-soluble target substance without removing. Therefore, the adsorbent of the acidic water-soluble target substance mainly composed of the polymer of the present invention has a lower burden of blood nutrients that cause complications and a burden of social activities than conventional hemodialysis. Since it can be reduced, it is extremely useful as an alternative to dialysis therapy.
- Example 1-1 shows the rate of uric acid adsorption by the polymer of Example 1-1.
- 1 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of DAT-PALA.
- the present invention provides a polymer that selectively adsorbs an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- the “acidic water-soluble target substance” in the present invention is a water-soluble compound containing an acidic functional group.
- the acidic functional group include a phosphoric acid group, a sulfone group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an imino group, an amide group, an ester group, and a urethane group.
- the acidic water-soluble target substance examples include nitrogen metabolism waste substances such as uric acid, creatinine and bilirubin (spent products generated by metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds), metabolites such as hippuric acid, uridine, cytidine, adenosine and guanosine.
- nitrogen metabolism waste substances such as uric acid, creatinine and bilirubin (spent products generated by metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds), metabolites such as hippuric acid, uridine, cytidine, adenosine and guanosine.
- nucleosides nucleotides 5'-monophosphorylated to nucleosides, polynucleotides and oligonucleotides that are nucleotide copolymers, nucleosides diphosphates 5'-diphosphorylated to nucleosides, and 5'-three to nucleosides.
- Phosphorylated nucleoside triphosphates amino acids such as aspartic acid, tyrosine, serine and alanine, polypeptides composed of amino acid residues, oligopeptides, bile acids such as cholic acid, agricultural chemicals such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, And endocrine disruption of bisphenol A, etc. Quality, and the like.
- the pseudo-molecule of the acidic water-soluble target substance refers to a molecule having the same or similar main skeleton and the same or similar skeleton containing a functional group that interacts with other molecules.
- UMP uridine 5′-monophosphate
- AMP adenosine 5′-monophosphate
- the acidic water-soluble target substance is preferably a nitrogen metabolism waste substance, preferably uric acid.
- selective adsorb refers to preferentially adsorbing a target substance.
- the selective adsorption of the acidic water-soluble target substance by the polymer of the present invention can be measured by measuring absorbance with a spectrophotometer, elution rate by high performance liquid chromatography, or the like.
- the polymer that selectively adsorbs the acidic water-soluble target substance of the present invention is a radical after Michael addition reaction (first stage reaction) of a polymer having an amino group and / or imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent. It is a structure crosslinked by a two-stage reaction that undergoes polymerization (reaction in the second stage). By crosslinking the polymer having an amino group and / or imino group and the unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent by the two-step reaction, a crosslinked copolymer having a strong and high-performance specific recognition site can be obtained.
- Michael addition reaction In the Michael addition reaction which is the first stage reaction, a reaction component such as a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent and a template molecule are dissolved in a polymerization solvent, and then the amino group and / or Alternatively, a polymer having an imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent are subjected to an addition reaction to obtain a crosslinked copolymer.
- a reaction component such as a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent and a template molecule are dissolved in a polymerization solvent, and then the amino group and / or Alternatively, a polymer having an imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent are subjected to an addition reaction to obtain a crosslinked copolymer.
- the Michael addition reaction is usually performed by combining a polymer solution in which a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group is dissolved in a polymerization solvent with a crosslinking agent solution in which an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent is dissolved in the polymerization solvent. After stirring, the reaction is allowed to stand in the dark.
- the stirring method and time are not particularly limited, and the purpose is to achieve complete mixing.
- the reaction temperature of the Michael addition reaction is preferably 4 to 90 ° C, more preferably 4 to 35 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 hour or longer, more preferably 12 hours or longer (usually 48 hours or shorter).
- the polymer of the present invention can interact with an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- an allylamine-based polymer using an allylamine having a primary and / or secondary amino group as a monomer for example, polyallylamine and an amino group partially acetylated.
- alkylated polyallylamine alkyleneimine polymers, vinylamine polymers, lysine polymers, chitosan, and polymers having a plurality of primary and / or secondary amino groups or imino groups Can be mentioned.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably 20,000 or less, preferably 18 which allows Michael addition reaction to be efficiently performed and to efficiently develop an electrostatic interaction with an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- 1,000 or less (usually 1000 or more) polyallylamine is preferably used.
- the polymer having an amino group and / or imino group may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a polymer having an amino group and / or imino group is dissolved in a polymerization solvent and used as a polymer solution, and the polymer solution is combined with a crosslinking agent solution in which an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent is dissolved in the polymerization solvent.
- a Michael addition reaction solution is preferred.
- the polymer concentration in the polymer solution is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass. When the polymer concentration is higher than 40% by mass, the solution viscosity becomes high and handling becomes difficult.
- the concentration of the polymer having an amino group and / or imino group in the Michael addition reaction solution is preferably 2 to 15% by mass, more preferably 3 to 6% by mass.
- the polymer of the present invention crosslinks an amino group and / or imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent by a Michael addition reaction to form a specific recognition site for an acidic water-soluble target substance, as well as specific recognition.
- Amino groups and / or imino groups that are not required for the site can be capped. This makes it possible to suppress non-selective adsorption due to excess functional groups.
- the unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent is preferably a compound having two or more unsaturated carbonyl groups.
- the unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent include N, N′-bisacryloylpiperazine, N, N′-ethylenebisacrylamide, N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di ( And (meth) acrylate and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
- An unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent may be used independently or may be used in combination of multiple types.
- the compounding ratio of the amino group and / or imino group and the unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, but a molar ratio of (amino group and / or imino group) / (unsaturated carbonyl group of unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent). Is preferably 0.15 to 1.35, more preferably 0.25 to 0.66.
- the amino group and / or imino group When the molar ratio of (amino group and / or imino group) / (unsaturated carbonyl group of unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent) is greater than 1.35, the amino group and / or imino group sufficiently reacts with the unsaturated carbonyl group. The residual amino group and / or imino group tend to increase the adsorption of essential biological components. When the molar ratio is less than 0.15, the number of amino groups and / or imino groups that can form specific recognition sites in the polymer is reduced, and selective adsorption of acidic water-soluble target substances can be exerted. It tends to be impossible.
- an unsaturated carbonyl compound other than the unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent may be reacted at the same time or later, if necessary, in order to improve the adsorption selectivity of the resulting polymer of the present invention.
- unsaturated carbonyl compounds include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycerol (meth) acrylate, N-vinylpyrrolidone, acrylamide, and alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- polymerization solvent examples include water, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and organic solvents such as dimethylformamide. Of these, water is preferable.
- aqueous solution By using an aqueous solution as a solvent, a highly hydrophilic polymer can be obtained, and non-selective adsorption due to hydrophobic interaction can be suppressed.
- a polymerization solvent may be used independently or may be used in combination of multiple types.
- the concentration of the polymerization solvent in the Michael addition reaction solution is not particularly limited, but the above (total amount of polymerization solvent used in the polymer solution and the crosslinking agent solution) / (polymer having an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent and an amino group and / or imino group) Is preferably 1 to 9. If the total amount ratio of the polymerization solvent is large, the adsorption of essential biological components tends to increase.
- the polymerization solvent contains a polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it is a radical polymerization initiator that activates a vinyl group to generate radicals.
- These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the mixing ratio of the polymerization initiator and the unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain a polymer with a sufficient polymerization rate, the molar ratio of the polymerization initiator / unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent is 0.0025 to 0. 0.02 is preferable, and in order to obtain a stronger and higher performance crosslinked copolymer, 0.004 to 0.01 is preferable.
- the radical polymerization reaction can be carried out by a known method, for example, by heating to 40 to 120 ° C. or by irradiating active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- ultraviolet rays are preferable.
- the reaction When radical polymerization is performed by UV irradiation, the reaction is allowed to stand in a dark place after UV irradiation.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 4 to 90 ° C, more preferably 4 to 15 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 12 hours or longer, and more preferably 18 hours or longer (usually 36 hours or shorter).
- the cross-linked copolymer obtained as described above may be pulverized by a method such as a ball mill, a hammer mill, a jet mill, or a mortar, and then recovered in a specific size.
- the shape of the cross-linked copolymer is not particularly specified, and the pulverized product may be recovered, or a known particle production method such as a suspension polymerization method or a dispersion polymerization method is applied. By doing so, it may be previously polymerized into a specific particle shape.
- the present invention also provides a polymer having a specific recognition site for an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- the “specific recognition site” is a site corresponding to the template of the acidic water-soluble target substance to be recognized by the polymer, and is a porous part complementary to the acidic water-soluble target substance to be the target substance. Means.
- the specific recognition site is formed by a molecular imprinting method as described later.
- the specific recognition site has high affinity for the acidic water-soluble target substance even in a biologically similar environment, and the polymer having the specific recognition site for the acidic water-soluble target substance of the present invention has a specific acidic water-solubility.
- the target substance recognition ability can be expressed.
- the polymer having a specific recognition site for the acidic water-soluble target substance of the present invention has very good compatibility with an aqueous medium, and can rapidly achieve adsorption with a specific acidic water-soluble target substance. .
- the polymer having a specific recognition site for the acidic water-soluble target substance of the present invention has a specific recognition site (1) a step of obtaining a crosslinked copolymer by a two-step reaction of Michael addition reaction and radical polymerization, and (2) It is formed in an aqueous solution by a molecular imprinting method including a step of forming a specific recognition site for a template molecule.
- the “molecular imprinting method” means that a polymerizable molecule having a functional group is polymerized in the presence of a template molecule, and then the template molecule is removed to complement the template molecule. It is a method for preparing a polymer having a specific binding site.
- the molecular imprinting method is performed in an aqueous solution.
- the polymerization solvent can dissolve each polymerization component without impairing the interaction between the polymer having an amino group and / or imino group and the acidic water-soluble target substance that is a template molecule, and is porous. What can become the solvent (porogen) for making it into is preferable.
- polymerization solvent examples include, as described above, water, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and organic solvents such as dimethylformamide. Among them, water is used from the viewpoint of the environment during use such as blood and body fluids. preferable.
- a polymerization solvent may be used independently or may be used in combination of multiple types.
- a step of obtaining a cross-linked copolymer by a two-step reaction of Michael addition reaction and radical polymerization This step comprises at least one kind capable of interacting with the template molecule in the presence of at least one kind of template molecule.
- a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group and an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent are subjected to a Michael addition reaction followed by radical polymerization to obtain a crosslinked copolymer by a two-stage reaction.
- the “template molecule” refers to an acidic water-soluble target substance.
- Examples of the “interaction” include intermolecular interactions such as ionic bond, hydrogen bond, van der Waals force, coordination bond, electrostatic interaction, dipole interaction, and ⁇ - ⁇ stacking. .
- the amino group and / or imino group in the polymer can function as an interaction point of a specific binding site by interacting with the template molecule. Further, by reacting the amino group and / or imino group with an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent capable of Michael addition reaction, an amino group and / or imino group that is not required for a specific recognition site can function as a crosslinking point. For this reason, the polymer having a specific recognition site for the acidic water-soluble target substance of the present invention not only suppresses non-selective adsorption but also can exhibit high selective adsorption ability for the acidic water-soluble target substance.
- the polymer may have one or more functional groups capable of interacting with the acidic water-soluble target substance in addition to the amino group and / or imino group. As a result, it becomes possible to interact with the target substance in a multipoint manner and specifically, and can exhibit a stronger selective adsorption ability for the target substance than when only the amino group and / or imino group is used. .
- the functional group that can partially bind to the acidic water-soluble target substance is not particularly limited as long as it can interact with the target substance.
- a diaminotriazine derivative, a diaminopyridine derivative, a guanidine derivative, an imidazole derivative, a porphyrin derivative examples include cyclodextrin derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrrole derivatives, indole derivatives, purine derivatives and amide derivatives.
- the functional group may be a substituent having a skeleton of the corresponding compound, and among these, a diaminotriazine derivative [the following formula (1)], a diaminopyridine derivative [the following formula (2)], a guanidine derivative [the following formula ( 3)], imidazole derivatives [formula (4)], porphyrin derivatives [formula (5)] and cyclodextrin derivatives [formula (6)] are preferred, and diaminotriazine derivatives capable of interacting with imide groups in multiple ways (For example, 2,4-diamino-s-triazine derivative) is more preferable.
- the acidic water-soluble target substance / (amino group and / or imino group) molar ratio is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.075 to 0.125.
- the molar ratio is less than 0.05, the number of specific recognition sites in the polymer is decreased, and the selective adsorption of the acidic water-soluble target substance tends not to be exhibited.
- step (2) Step of forming specific recognition site for template molecule
- the template molecule is released and removed from the crosslinked copolymer obtained in step (1) to form a specific recognition site for the template molecule. It is a process to do.
- Examples of the method for liberating and removing the acidic water-soluble target substance as a template molecule from the crosslinked polymer include a method of washing with a hydrophilic solvent.
- the hydrophilic solvent include an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, pyridine, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetone and water. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a method for liberating and removing the acidic water-soluble target substance from the crosslinked polymer for example, a method including the following steps (a) and (b) can be mentioned.
- B Replacing the solution with ultrapure water, repeatedly changing the solution until the pH of the supernatant is 7 or less, desalting, and then freeze-drying to obtain an acidic water-soluble target substance-specific recognition polymer.
- an acidic water-soluble target substance for example, uric acid
- uric acid is usually 75 mmol / l or more, preferably 100 mmol / l or more, and polyallylamine as a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group.
- the polymer solution is usually prepared by dissolving at a concentration of 5 to 40% by mass, preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
- the polymer of the present invention can partially bind to the acidic water-soluble target substance through a specific recognition site.
- the ability to partially bind to an acidic water-soluble target substance enables the polymer of the present invention to be designed so that it can also bind to two or more acidic water-soluble target substances, and more efficiently adsorbs acidic water-soluble target substances. can do.
- the present invention provides an acidic water-soluble target substance adsorbent containing the polymer of the present invention.
- the adsorbent of the present invention is mainly composed of a polymer that selectively adsorbs the acidic water-soluble target substance of the present invention or a polymer having a specific recognition site for the acidic water-soluble target substance. It may be mixed with one or more adsorbents that can be adapted to the above. Examples of the adsorbent include activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, carbon black, silica gel, activated alumina, and zeolite.
- the adsorbent of the present invention is used for acidic water-soluble target substance adsorption
- the adsorbent is used as a filler for an adsorber, and the filler contains an acidic water-soluble target substance. In order to selectively separate or remove only the acidic water-soluble target substance.
- adsorbent added to the solution containing the acidic water-soluble target substance, filter or decant, remove the adsorbent adsorbed by the acidic water-soluble target substance, and select the acidic water-soluble target substance from the solution Can also be separated or removed.
- Example 1-1 Preparation of polymer solution
- an aqueous polyallylamine solution having a molecular weight of 15,000 prepared to 10% by mass (total amount of amino groups per gram is 17.5 mmol) (manufactured by Nittobo) (PALA15) 1.2 ml (amino group 2 .14 mmol) was added with 36.0 mg (0.21 mmol) of uric acid (Sigma Aldrich) to dissolve uric acid. Thereafter, nitrogen gas was bubbled for 5 minutes to prepare a polymer solution.
- the bulk crosslinked copolymer was pulverized by a ball mill and then sufficiently washed with a 0.5 mol / l sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in order to remove uric acid used. Subsequently, it was washed with water until pH 7 was reached. After collecting the supernatant by centrifugation (6000 rpm, 15 minutes), the precipitate was freeze-dried to obtain particles of an acidic water-soluble target substance (uric acid) selective adsorption polymer.
- uric acid uric acid
- Example 1-2 Polymer particles were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that uric acid was not blended.
- the cross-linked copolymer subjected to only the first cross-linking reaction by the Michael addition reaction was pulverized by a ball mill, and then sufficiently washed with a 0.5 mol / l sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in order to remove used uric acid. Subsequently, it was washed with water until pH 7 was reached. After collecting the supernatant by centrifugation (6000 rpm, 15 minutes), the precipitate was freeze-dried to prepare polymer particles.
- Comparative Example 1-2 Polymer particles were prepared in the same manner as Comparative Example 1-1 except that uric acid was not blended.
- Examples 1-1 and 1-2, Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2, and Reference Example 1-1 were added to 1 ml of 1 mmol / l saline containing 0.2 mmol / l uric acid (Sigma Aldrich). 10 mg of each particle was added. After incubation at room temperature for 16 hours, centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature) was carried out to obtain an accelerating liquid. For each of the liquids thus obtained, the residual uric acid was quantified by measuring the characteristic 290 nm absorption of uric acid with a spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, DU800), and the uric acid adsorption amount was calculated from the results. did. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the polymer of Example 1-1 was formed by forming a specific recognition site for uric acid in the polymer by a molecular imprinting method and a two-step reaction (Michael addition reaction and radical polymerization reaction).
- the adsorption performance of uric acid was higher than that of the polymer of Example 1-2 in which the polymer was prepared by a two-step reaction without using the molecular imprinting method with the same resin composition.
- Comparative Example 1-1 in which the polymer was prepared by the molecular imprinting method and the Michael addition reaction was also compared with Comparative Example 1-2 in which the polymer was prepared only by the Michael addition reaction without performing the molecular imprinting method with the same composition. It showed high adsorption performance for uric acid. From these results, it was found that a polymer exhibiting high adsorption performance with respect to the acidic water-soluble target substance can be obtained by preparing the polymer by the molecular imprinting method.
- the polymers of Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 in which the polymer having an amino group was crosslinked with an unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent only in the first-stage Michael addition reaction of the two-stage reactions, the Michael addition reaction, radical polymerization, The adsorption amount of uric acid was lower than that of the polymers of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 crosslinked by the two-stage reaction. From this, it was found that a polymer exhibiting high adsorption performance with respect to the acidic water-soluble target substance can be obtained by crosslinking by the two-step reaction.
- Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 were added to 1 ml of 1 mmol / l saline containing 0.2 mmol / l of vitamin B 3 (nicotinamide) (Sigma Aldrich), which is an essential component for living bodies. 10 mg of each particle of 1 and 1-2 and Reference Example 1-1 was added. After incubation at room temperature for 16 hours, centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature) was carried out to obtain an accelerating liquid. The obtained target insurance solution, a characteristic 260nm absorption of vitamin B 3 spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, DU 800) by measuring at, to quantify the residual vitamin B 3, vitamin B from the result 3 Adsorption amount was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 1-1 and 1-2 were added to 1 ml of 1 mmol / l saline containing 0.08 mmol / l of vitamin B 2 (riboflavin) (Sigma Aldrich), which is an essential component for living bodies and has a structure similar to uric acid. Then, 10 mg of each particle of Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Reference Example 1-1 was added. After incubation at room temperature for 16 hours, centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature) was carried out to obtain an accelerating liquid.
- riboflavin riboflavin
- Example 1-1 crosslinked by a two-step reaction of Michael addition reaction and radical polymerization was compared with the polymers of Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 crosslinked only by the first-stage Michael addition reaction. It has been shown that low adsorptivity and high selective adsorption performance can be imparted by two-step crosslinking.
- the polymers of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 are highly specific for acidic water-soluble target substances compared to the polymers of Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Reference Example 1-1. It was found to have performance. That is, it was found that a polymer prepared by crosslinking by a two-step reaction has high specific recognition performance for acidic water-soluble target substances.
- Example 1-1 crosslinked by a molecular imprinting method and a two-stage reaction showed higher uric acid adsorption than the polymer of Example 1-2 crosslinked by only a two-stage reaction. . From this, it was found that high specific recognition performance for acidic water-soluble target substances is further improved by combining the molecular imprinting method and the two-step reaction.
- the adsorption of the acidic water-soluble target substance was saturated within 1 hour by the polymer of Example 1-1. From this fact, it is expected that the polymer of the present invention can exhibit rapid adsorption performance considering that it is necessary for general hemodialysis treatment for 3 hours or more once.
- Examples 2-1 to 2-9 Polymer having amino group and / or imino group
- a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group a polyallylamine aqueous solution having a molecular weight of 3000 (total amount of amino groups per gram is 17.5 mmol) (manufactured by Nittobo) (hereinafter abbreviated as PALA03), a polymer having a molecular weight of 15,000 Polyalkylene having an allylamine aqueous solution (total amount of amino groups per gram is 17.5 mmol) (manufactured by Nittobo) (hereinafter abbreviated as PALA15) and 2,4-diamino-s-triazine groups (hereinafter abbreviated as DAT groups) Allylamine (hereinafter abbreviated as DAT-PALA) was used. DAT-PALA was synthesized as follows.
- the above solution was cooled to room temperature, and insoluble matters were removed by filtration.
- the obtained filtrate was desalted by passing through 60 ml of strongly acidic cation exchange resin (Amberlite, IR120, H type) and 60 ml of strongly basic anion exchange resin (Amberlite, IRA400, OH type).
- the filtrate was lyophilized to obtain DAT-PALA.
- DAT-PALA The structure of the obtained DAT-PALA was confirmed by IR and 1 H-NMR. DAT groups were introduced into 20 mol% of the total amount of amino groups of the polyallylamine used for the synthesis of DAT-PALA, and the total amount of amino groups per gram of DAT-PALA was 15.2 mmol.
- Polymerization initiator As the polymerization initiator, 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (Sigma Aldrich) was used.
- Polymerization solvent As a polymerization solvent, ultrapure water was used.
- each acidic water-soluble target substance hereinafter abbreviated as UMP
- adenosine 5′-monophosphate hereinafter abbreviated as AMP
- ZAsp N-carbobenzoxy-L-aspartic acid
- uric acid Sigma Aldrich
- Each polymer having the composition shown in Table 2 was prepared by the following procedure. (Preparation of polymer solution) In a glass threaded test tube, a template molecule was added and dissolved in a polymer solution having an amino group and / or imino group prepared in a 10% by mass aqueous solution (DAT-PALA was 13.3% by mass). Thereafter, nitrogen gas was bubbled for 5 minutes to prepare a polymer solution.
- DAT-PALA 10% by mass aqueous solution
- the bulk crosslinked copolymer was pulverized by a ball mill and then sufficiently washed with a 0.5 mol / l sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in order to remove the template molecules used. Subsequently, it was washed with ultrapure water until the pH reached 7. After centrifugation (6000 rpm, 10 minutes) and collecting the supernatant, the precipitate was lyophilized to obtain polymer particles having specific recognition sites for each acidic water-soluble target substance.
- Examples 2-10 to 2-15 As shown in Table 2, polymer particles having the composition shown in Table 2 were obtained by the same method as in Examples 2-1 to 2-9 unless a template molecule was blended.
- Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-4 polymers having the compositions shown in Table 3 were prepared by a molecular imprinting method using a functional monomer, which is generally performed.
- Comparative Examples 2-3 and 2-4 conventional crosslinked copolymer particles having the compositions shown in Table 3 were prepared by the same method as in Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2, unless a template molecule was blended. Obtained.
- a functional monomer, a crosslinking agent, a polymerization initiator and a template molecule were dissolved in a polymerization solvent, and nitrogen gas was bubbled for 5 minutes to prepare a raw material mixture. Then, a strong bulk polymer was obtained by carrying out a crosslinking reaction by irradiating ultraviolet rays with black light at 4 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Example 2-1 having a specific recognition site for UMP is more effective against UMP than the polymers of Examples 2-2, 2-4 and 2-10 having the same resin composition.
- High adsorption performance was shown. From this, it was found that by preparing a polymer by the molecular imprinting method, it is possible to obtain a higher adsorption improvement effect on the acidic water-soluble target substance.
- the polymer of Example 2-2 having a specific recognition site for AMP and the polymer of Example 2-3 having a specific recognition site for uric acid are those of Example 2-10 not using the molecular imprinting method.
- the adsorption performance with respect to UMP of the same level as the above was shown. From this, it was found that by designing a specific recognition site by the molecular imprinting method, the polymer exhibits high selective adsorption performance for acidic water-soluble target substances.
- AMP adsorption performance evaluation 10 mg of each particle of Example 2-2 and 2-10 was put into two 2 ml microtubes, and 1 ml of 1 mmol / l saline containing AMP 0.01 mmol / l was added thereto. After incubation at room temperature for 16 hours, centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature) was carried out to obtain an accelerating liquid. About the obtained liquid to be aspirated, residual AMP was quantified by measuring the characteristic 260 nm absorption of AMP with a spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, DU800), and the AMP adsorption amount was calculated from the result. .
- the polymer of Example 2-2 having a specific recognition site for AMP showed higher adsorption performance for AMP than the polymer of Example 2-10 having the same resin composition. From this, it was found that by preparing a polymer by the molecular imprinting method, it is possible to obtain a higher adsorption improvement effect on the acidic water-soluble target substance.
- Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 10 mg of each particle of Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 was put in two 2 ml microtubes, and 1 ml of 1 mmol / l saline containing ZAsp 0.2 mmol / l was added thereto. After incubation at room temperature for 16 hours, centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature) was carried out to obtain an accelerating liquid. The amount of residual ZAsp in the obtained liquid to be tested was measured using liquid chromatography under the following conditions, and the amount of ZAsp adsorption was calculated from the result.
- Example 2-3 having a specific recognition site for ZAsp showed higher adsorption performance of ZAsp than the polymer of Example 2-10 having the same resin composition. From this, it was found that by preparing a polymer by the molecular imprinting method, it is possible to obtain a higher adsorption improvement effect on the acidic water-soluble target substance.
- the obtained uric acid was quantified for residual uric acid by measuring the characteristic absorption of uric acid at 290 nm with a spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, DU800), and the amount of uric acid adsorbed was calculated from the result. .
- the polymers of Examples 2-4 to 2-9 having specific recognition sites for uric acid showed higher adsorption performance for uric acid than the comparative polymer having the same resin composition.
- the polymer of Example 2-1 having a specific recognition site for UMP showed higher adsorption performance for UMP as compared to the polymer of Example 2-4 as shown in Table 4, but for uric acid, Showed low adsorption performance.
- the polymer prepared by the method of the present invention has specific recognition sites complementary to the respective target substances, and exhibits high selective adsorption performance for acidic water-soluble target substances by the specific recognition sites. I understood that.
- the crosslinked copolymers of Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-3 prepared by a molecular imprinting method using a functional monomer did not exhibit specific adsorption performance for uric acid.
- the polymer prepared by the method of the present invention can interact efficiently with the template molecule at many points by using a polymer having an amino group and / or an imino group, and the polymer can be efficiently and uniquely identified in the polymer. It was found that a target recognition site can be formed.
- the molar ratio of uric acid / functional monomer which is a template molecule, is 0.02 at maximum due to poor solubility of uric acid, and it is difficult to further increase the number of specific recognition sites in the polymer. there were.
- Example 2-4 in which the molar ratio of (amino group and / or imino group) / (unsaturated carbonyl group of unsaturated carbonyl crosslinking agent) was 0.5 was Example 2 in which the molar ratio was 0.25. Compared with -6, the effect of improving uric acid adsorption was reduced. From this, it was found that the formation of specific recognition sites was promoted by a strong cross-linked structure, and that non-selective adsorption could be suppressed by reducing amino groups / imino groups per unit weight of the polymer.
- Example 2-9 using both amino groups and DAT groups showed higher adsorption performance for uric acid than the polymer of Example 2-15 having the same resin composition. From this, it was found that even a molecular imprinting method using a plurality of functional groups can provide high specific recognition performance.
- the polymer of Example 2-9 showed much higher uric acid adsorption improvement effect than the polymer of Example 2-4 using only amino groups. Therefore, by introducing a large number of functional groups capable of interacting with the acidic water-soluble target substance into the polymer, it becomes possible to interact with the acidic water-soluble target substance at multiple points and specifically. It was found that high adsorption performance can be demonstrated for substances.
- Example 2-4 10 mg of each particle of Example 2-4, Example 2-9, Comparative Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-6 was placed in a 2 ml microtube, and 10 mmol / l or 0.01 mmol / l containing 0.01 mmol / l of uric acid was added thereto. 1 ml each of l saline was added. After incubation at room temperature for 16 hours, centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature) was carried out to obtain an accelerating liquid.
- the obtained uric acid was quantified for residual uric acid by measuring the characteristic absorption of uric acid at 290 nm with a spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, DU800), and the amount of uric acid adsorbed was calculated from the result. .
- the polymer of Example 2-4 prepared using a polymer having only an amino group decreased in the effect of improving uric acid adsorption as the salt concentration in the test solution increased.
- the polymer of Example 2-9 prepared using a polymer having both an amino group and a DAT group capable of interacting with an imide structure showed a high effect of improving uric acid adsorption.
- the polymer prepared by the method of the present invention can interact with the acidic water-soluble target substance in many ways by introducing many functional groups capable of interacting with the acidic water-soluble target substance. As a result, it was found that strong specific adsorption performance can be exhibited for acidic water-soluble target substances.
- each uric acid-like molecule has a similar shape to uric acid, but the chemical structure and size of each uric acid-like molecule is substantially different from uric acid.
- the polymer of Example 2-9 having a specific recognition site for uric acid showed higher adsorption performance of uric acid than the polymer of Example 2-15 having the same resin composition. It showed very low adsorption performance for uric acid-like molecules (thymine, theobromine, theophylline and caffeine). From this, it was found that nonspecific adsorption can be suppressed by mainly using a DAT group for the formation of a specific recognition site of a polymer for a molecule having an imide structure such as uric acid.
- the polymer prepared by the method of the present invention has a specific recognition site complementary to the acidic water-soluble target substance by using many functional groups capable of interacting with the acidic water-soluble target substance. It was found that the recognition site showed high selective adsorption performance for acidic water-soluble target substances.
- the acidic water-soluble target substance-adsorbing polymer of the present invention even in a living body-like environment, the ability to selectively adsorb only the acidic water-soluble target substance is expressed. It is possible to exclude only acidic water-soluble target substances. Therefore, the adsorbent of the acidic water-soluble target substance mainly composed of the polymer of the present invention has a lower burden of blood nutrients that cause complications and a burden of social activities than conventional hemodialysis. It can be reduced and is extremely useful as an alternative to dialysis therapy.
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Abstract
Description
2.少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質に対する特異的認識部位を有するポリマーであって、該特異的認識部位が以下の(1)および(2)の工程を含む分子インプリンティング法により水溶液中で形成されることを特徴とするポリマー。
(1)少なくとも1種の鋳型分子の存在下で、該鋳型分子との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得る工程
(2)工程(1)で得られた架橋共重合体から鋳型分子を遊離除去して該鋳型分子に対する特異的認識部位を形成する工程
3.前記鋳型分子が、酸性水溶性標的物質、または該酸性水溶性標的物質の擬似分子である前項2に記載のポリマー。
4.前記アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーが、酸性水溶性標的物質と相互作用可能な1種以上の官能基で修飾されたポリマーである前項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
5.前記酸性水溶性標的物質と相互作用可能な官能基が、ジアミノトリアジン誘導体、ジアミノピリダジン誘導体、グアニジン誘導体、イミダゾール誘導体、ポルフィリン誘導体およびシクロデキストリン誘導体のいずれか1であることを特徴とする前項4に記載のポリマー。
6.前記酸性水溶性標的物質が窒素代謝老廃物質、ヌクレオチドおよびアミノ酸のいずれか1であることを特徴とする前項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
7.前記窒素代謝老廃物質が尿酸であることを特徴とする前項6に記載のポリマー。
8.前記不飽和カルボニル架橋剤が2つ以上の不飽和カルボニル基を有することを特徴とする前項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
9.前記アミノ基および/またはイミノ基と前記不飽和カルボニル基とのモル比が0.15~1.35であることを特徴とする前項8に記載のポリマー。
10.前記特異的認識部位により酸性水溶性標的物質と部分的に結合できることを特徴とする前項2~9のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
11.水溶液中で酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に吸着する前項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
12.少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に吸着するポリマーの製造方法であって、該酸性水溶性標的物質との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得ることを特徴とするポリマーの製造方法。
13.少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質に対する特異的認識部位を有するポリマーの製造方法であって、該特異的認識部位が以下の(1)および(2)の工程を含む分子インプリンティング法により水溶液中で形成されることを特徴とするポリマーの製造方法。
(1)少なくとも1種の鋳型分子の存在下で、該鋳型分子との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得る工程
(2)工程(1)で得られた架橋共重合体から鋳型分子を遊離除去して該鋳型分子に対する特異的認識部位を形成する工程
14.前記アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーが、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基以外に、酸性水溶性標的物質と部分的に結合できる1種以上の官能基を有するポリマーである前項12または13に記載のポリマーの製造方法。
15.前項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のポリマーを含む酸性水溶性標的物質吸着剤。
16.前項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のポリマーを用いて酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に分離または除去する方法。
第1段階目の反応であるマイケル付加反法では、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマー及び不飽和カルボニル架橋剤等の反応成分と鋳型分子を重合溶剤に溶解させた後、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤を付加反応させて、架橋共重合体を得る。
本発明のポリマーはアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有することにより、酸性水溶性標的物質と相互作用できる。アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーとしては、例えば、第1級および/または第2級アミノ基を有するアリルアミンをモノマーとして用いるアリルアミン系重合体(例えば、ポリアリルアミン、およびアミノ基が一部アセチル化またはアルキル化されたポリアリルアミン等)、アルキレンイミン系重合体、ビニルアミン系重合体、リジン系重合体、キトサン、並びに第1級および/または第2級アミノ基もしくはイミノ基を複数有するポリマー等が挙げられる。
本発明のポリマーは、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基と不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応で架橋することで、酸性水溶性標的物質に対する特異的認識部位を形成するだけでなく、特異的認識部位に要しないアミノ基および/またはイミノ基をキャップすることができる。これにより、過剰の官能基による非選択的吸着を抑えることが可能となる。
重合溶剤としては、例えば、水、メタノールおよびエタノール等のアルコール類、並びにジメチルホルムアミド等の有機溶剤等が挙げられ、中でも水が好ましい。溶剤として水溶液を用いることで、高親水性のポリマーが得られ、疎水性相互作用による非選択的吸着を抑えることができる。重合溶剤は、単独で用いても、複数種を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
第2段階目の反応であるラジカル重合法では、マイケル付加反応終了後、マイケル付加反応溶液をラジカル重合させることにより、架橋共重合体を得るものである。このことにより、本発明のポリマーは酸性水溶性標的物質に対する高い選択的吸着を水溶液中で実現することができる。
(1)マイケル付加反応およびラジカル重合の2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得る工程
この工程は、少なくとも1種の鋳型分子の存在下で、該鋳型分子との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する、2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得る工程である。
工程(2)は、工程(1)で得られた架橋共重合体から鋳型分子を遊離除去して該鋳型分子に対する特異的認識部位を形成する工程である。
(a)水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いた場合、0.5mol/lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に架橋重合体を混合して攪拌し、上澄みに酸性水溶性標的物質が検出されなくなるまで繰り返し液を入れ替えて洗浄する。
(b)超純水で溶液を置換し、上澄み液のpHが7以下になるまで繰り返し液を入れ替えて脱塩した後、凍結乾燥して、酸性水溶性標的物質特異的認識ポリマーを得る。
(B)重合溶剤としての水に、不飽和カルボニル架橋剤(例えば、N,N’-ビスアクリロイルピペラジン)及び重合開始剤[例えば、2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミノジノプロパン)二塩酸塩]を溶解させて架橋剤溶液を調製する。
(C)(A)で調製したポリマー溶液に、(B)で調製した架橋剤溶液を添加し、30秒間攪拌を行った後、室温で16時間暗所に静置することで、マイケル付加反応による1段階目の架橋反応を行う。
(D)4℃にて24時間紫外線を照射して、ラジカル重合反応による2段階目の架橋反応を行う。反応後、塊状架橋共重合体をボールミルにより粉砕する。
〔ポリマー溶液の調製〕
ガラス製ネジ付き試験管中で、10質量%に調製した分子量15,000のポリアリルアミン水溶液(1g当りのアミノ基総量は17.5mmol)(日東紡製)(PALA15)1.2ml(アミノ基2.14mmol)に尿酸(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)36.0mg(0.21mmol)を添加して尿酸を溶解させた。その後、窒素ガスを5分間バブリングしてポリマー溶液を調製した。
N,N’-ビスアクリロイルピペラジン(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)416.4mg(2.14mmol)と2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩2.9mg(0.017mmol)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を水2.7mlに溶解させ、窒素ガスを5分間バブリングして架橋剤溶液を調製した。該架橋剤溶液を前記ポリマー溶液に添加し、この状態で30秒間攪拌を行った。攪拌終了後、室温で16時間暗所に静置することで、マイケル付加反応による1段階目の架橋反応を行った。
その後、4℃で24時間ブラックライトにより紫外線を照射して、ラジカル重合反応による2段階目の架橋反応を行い、前記1段階目の架橋反応後よりも強固な塊状架橋共重合体を得た。
尿酸を配合しなかったこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様にしてポリマー粒子を調製した。
〔ポリマー溶液の調製〕
ガラス製ネジ付き試験管に、10質量%に調製した分子量15,000のポリアリルアミン水溶液(日東紡製)(PALA15)1.2mlと尿酸(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)36.0mg(0.21mmol)を添加して尿酸を溶解させた。その後、窒素ガスを5分間バブリングしてポリマー溶液を調製した。
水2.7mlにN,N’-ビスアクリロイルピペラジン416.4mg(2.14mmol)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)と2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩2.9mg(0.0107mmol)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を溶解させ、窒素ガスを5分間バブリングして架橋剤溶液を調製した。この架橋剤溶液を上記ポリマー溶液に添加し、この状態で30秒間攪拌を行った。攪拌終了後、室温で16時間暗所に静置することで架橋反応を行った。
尿酸を配合しなかったこと以外は、比較例1-1と同様にしてポリマー粒子を調製した。
市販活性炭(アルドリッチ社製;粒径2-12μm)
0.2mmol/lの尿酸(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を含む1mmol/lの食塩水1mlに、実施例1-1および1-2、比較例1-1および1-2、並びに参考例1-1の各粒子 10mgを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた各被険液について、尿酸の特徴的な290nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存尿酸を定量し、その結果から尿酸吸着量を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。
生体にとって必須成分であるビタミンB3(ニコチン酸アミド)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)0.2mmol/lを含む1mmol/lの食塩水 1mlに、実施例1-1および1-2、比較例1-1および1-2、並びに参考例1-1の各粒子 10mgを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、ビタミンB3の特徴的な260nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存ビタミンB3を定量し、その結果からビタミンB3吸着量を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。
生体にとって必須成分であり、尿酸の類似構造を有するビタミンB2(リボフラビン)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社) 0.08mmol/lを含む1mmol/lの食塩水 1mlに、実施例1-1および1-2、比較例1-1および1-2、並びに参考例1-1の各粒子10mgを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、ビタミンB2の特徴的な264nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存ビタミンB2を定量し、その結果からビタミンB2吸着量を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。
0.2mmol/lの尿酸を含む1mmol/lの食塩水1mlに、実施例1-1の粒子10mgを添加した。室温で0.5、0.7、3、11、16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(10,000rpm、1分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、尿酸の特徴的な290nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存尿酸を定量し、その結果から尿酸吸着速度を考察した。その結果を図1に示す。
(アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマー)
アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーとして、分子量3000のポリアリルアミン水溶液(1g当りのアミノ基総量は17.5mmol)(日東紡製)(以後、PALA03と省略する)、分子量15,000のポリアリルアミン水溶液(1g当りのアミノ基総量は17.5mmol)(日東紡製)(以後、PALA15と省略する)および2,4-ジアミノ-s-トリアジン基(以後、DAT基と省略する)を有するポリアリルアミン(以後、DAT-PALAと省略する)を使用した。DAT-PALAは以下のように合成した。
フラスコに、40質量%に調製したPALA03 5ml(アミノ基総量 35mmol)、0.5mol/lの水酸化ナトリム水溶液 20ml、2,4-ジアミノ-6-クロロ-s-トリアジン(以後、Cl-DATと省略する) 1.018mg(7mmol)を加えて攪拌混合した。得られた混合液を110℃に昇温させ、このまま48時間攪拌および還流させることで、Cl-DATのアンモノリシス反応により、下式(7)に示すDAT-PALAを合成した。図2に得られたDAT-PALAの1H-NMRスペクトルを示す。
不飽和カルボニル架橋剤として、N,N’-ビスアクリロイルピペラジン(以後、BAPと省略する)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、N,N’-エチレンビスアクリルアミド(以後、EBAAと省略する)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を使用した。
重合開始剤として、2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を使用した。
重合溶剤として、超純水を使用した。
鋳型分子として、各酸性水溶性標的物質である、ウリジン5’-一リン酸(以後、UMPと省略する)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、アデノシン5’-一リン酸(以後、AMPと省略する)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、N-カルボベンゾキシ-L-アスパラギン酸(以後、ZAspと省略する)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、尿酸(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を使用した。
〔ポリマー溶液の調製〕
ガラス製ネジ付き試験管中で、10質量% 水溶液(DAT-PALAは13.3質量%)に調製した、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマー溶液に鋳型分子を添加して溶解させた。その後、窒素ガスを5分間バブリングしてポリマー溶液を調製した。
重合溶剤に不飽和カルボニル架橋剤と重合開始剤を溶解させ、窒素ガスを5分間バブリングして架橋剤溶液を調製した。この架橋剤溶液を上記ポリマー溶液に添加し、この状態で30秒間攪拌を行った。攪拌終了後、室温で16時間暗所に静置することでマイケル付加反応による1段階目の架橋反応を行った。
その後、4℃で24時間ブラックライトにより紫外線を照射して2段階目の架橋反応させることにより、前記マイケル付加反応による1段階目の架橋反応後よりも強固な塊状架橋共重合体を得た。
表2に示すように、鋳型分子を配合しない限りは、実施例2-1~2-9と同様の方法によって、表2に示す組成のポリマー粒子を得た。
比較例2-1および2-2では、一般的に実施されている、機能性モノマーを使用した分子インプリンティング法によって表3に示す組成のポリマーを作製した。また、比較例2-3および2-4では、鋳型分子を配合しない限りは、比較例2-1および2-2と同様の方法により、表3に示す組成の従来の架橋共重合体粒子を得た。
鋳型分子:酸性水溶性標的物質である尿酸(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)
機能性モノマー:アリルアミン(ALA)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、ビニルイミダゾール(VID)(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)
架橋剤:EBAA(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)
重合開始剤:2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩(シグマ・アルドリッチ社)
重合溶剤:超純水
4本の2mlマイクロチューブに実施例2-1、2-2、2-4および2-10の各粒子 10mgを入れ、UMP 0.01mmol/lを含む1mmol/lの食塩水 1mlを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、UMPの特徴的な260nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存UMPを定量し、その結果からUMP吸着量を算出した。
UMP吸着向上効果(nmol/10mg)=A/B
A:実施例実施例2-1、2-2または2-4のUMP吸着量
B:実施例2-1、2-2および2-4と同じ樹脂組成である、実施例2-10のUMP吸着量
2本の2mlマイクロチューブに実施例2-2および2-10の各粒子 10mgを入れ、これにAMP 0.01mmol/lを含む1mmol/l 食塩水1mlを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、AMPの特徴的な260nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存AMPを定量し、その結果からAMP吸着量を算出した。
AMP吸着向上効果(nmol/10mg)=A/B
A:実施例2-2のAMP吸着量
B:実施例2-2と同じ樹脂組成である実施例2-10のAMP吸着量
2本の2mlマイクロチューブに実施例3および比較例1の各粒子 10mgを入れ、これにZAsp 0.2mmol/lを含む1mmol/lの食塩水1mlを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液中の残存ZAsp量について、以下の条件により液体クロマトグラフィーを用いて測定し、その結果からZAsp吸着量を算出した。
HPLC装置:Hitachi製のLachromシステム
カラム:Chromolith RP-18e
流量:0.5ml/min
検出器:LC7455 UV・254nm
注入量:100μl
溶離液:0.1%TFA水溶液/0.1%アセトニトリル=75/25
ZAsp吸着向上効果(nmol/10mg)=A/B
A:実施例2-3のZAsp吸着量
B:実施例2-3と同じ樹脂組成である実施例2-10のZAsp吸着量
17本の2mlマイクロチューブに実施例2-1および2-4~2-15、並びに比較例2-1~2-4の各粒子10mgを入れ、これに尿酸 0.01mmol/lを含む1mmol/lの食塩水 1mlを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、尿酸の特徴的な290nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存尿酸を定量し、その結果から尿酸吸着量を算出した。
尿酸吸着向上効果(nmol/10mg)=A/B
A:実施例2-1若しくは2-4~2-9、または比較例2-1若しくは2-3の尿酸吸着量
B:実施例2-1若しくは2-4~2-9、または比較例2-1若しくは2-3と同じ樹脂組成である、実施例2-10~2-15または参考例2-2若しくは2-4(比較対照)の尿酸吸着量
2mlマイクロチューブに実施例2-4、実施例2-9、比較例2-1および比較例2-6の各粒子10mgを入れ、これに尿酸 0.01mmol/lを含む10mmol/lまたは150mmol/l食塩水の各1mlを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。得られた被険液について、尿酸の特徴的な290nmの吸収を分光光度計(ベックマン・コールター社、DU800)にて測定することにより、残存尿酸を定量し、その結果から尿酸吸着量を算出した。
各塩濃度における尿酸吸着向上効果(nmol/10mg)=A/B
A:実施例2-4または2-9の各塩濃度における尿酸吸着量
B:実施例2-4または2-9と同じ樹脂組成である実施例2-10または2-15(比較対照)の各塩濃度における尿酸吸着量
2mlマイクロチューブに実施例2-9および2-15の各粒子10mgを入れ、これに尿酸[下式(8)]と類似構造を有するチミン[下式(9)](シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、テオブロミン[下式(10)](シグマ・アルドリッチ社)、テオフィリン[下式(11)](シグマ・アルドリッチ社)またはカフェイン[下式(12)](シグマ・アルドリッチ社)を0.01mmol/l含む各150mmol/l 食塩水1mlを添加した。室温で16時間インキュベートした後、遠心分離(4000rpm、10分、室温)して被険液を得た。
Claims (16)
- 少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に吸着するポリマーであって、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋した構造であることを特徴とするポリマー。
- 少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質に対する特異的認識部位を有するポリマーであって、該特異的認識部位が以下の(1)および(2)の工程を含む分子インプリンティング法により水溶液中で形成されることを特徴とするポリマー。
(1)少なくとも1種の鋳型分子の存在下で、該鋳型分子との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得る工程
(2)工程(1)で得られた架橋共重合体から鋳型分子を遊離除去して該鋳型分子に対する特異的認識部位を形成する工程 - 前記鋳型分子が、酸性水溶性標的物質、または該酸性水溶性標的物質の擬似分子である請求項2に記載のポリマー。
- 前記アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーが、酸性水溶性標的物質と相互作用可能な1種以上の官能基で修飾されたポリマーである請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
- 前記酸性水溶性標的物質と相互作用可能な官能基が、ジアミノトリアジン誘導体、ジアミノピリジン誘導体、グアニジン誘導体、イミダゾール誘導体、ポルフィリン誘導体およびシクロデキストリン誘導体のいずれか1であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のポリマー。
- 前記酸性水溶性標的物質が窒素代謝老廃物質、ヌクレオチドおよびアミノ酸のいずれか1であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
- 前記窒素代謝老廃物質が尿酸であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のポリマー。
- 前記不飽和カルボニル架橋剤が2つ以上の不飽和カルボニル基を有することを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
- 前記アミノ基および/またはイミノ基と前記不飽和カルボニル基とのモル比が0.15~1.35であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のポリマー。
- 前記特異的認識部位により酸性水溶性標的物質と部分的に結合できることを特徴とする請求項2~9のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
- 水溶液中で酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に吸着する請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
- 少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に吸着するポリマーの製造方法であって、該酸性水溶性標的物質との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得ることを特徴とするポリマーの製造方法。
- 少なくとも1種の酸性水溶性標的物質に対する特異的認識部位を有するポリマーの製造方法であって、該特異的認識部位が以下の(1)および(2)の工程を含む分子インプリンティング法により水溶液中で形成されることを特徴とするポリマーの製造方法。
(1)少なくとも1種の鋳型分子の存在下で、該鋳型分子との相互作用が可能な少なくとも1種のアミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーと不飽和カルボニル架橋剤とをマイケル付加反応した後にラジカル重合する2段階の反応により架橋共重合体を得る工程
(2)工程(1)で得られた架橋共重合体から鋳型分子を遊離除去して該鋳型分子に対する特異的認識部位を形成する工程 - 前記アミノ基および/またはイミノ基を有するポリマーが、アミノ基および/またはイミノ基以外に、酸性水溶性標的物質と部分的に結合できる1種以上の官能基を有するポリマーである請求項12または13に記載のポリマーの製造方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のポリマーを含む酸性水溶性標的物質吸着剤。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のポリマーを用いて酸性水溶性標的物質を選択的に分離または除去する方法。
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EP3283586B1 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2022-12-28 | Allnex Netherlands B.V. | Modified epoxy primer for improved adhesion of rma crosslinkable coating compositions |
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Cited By (4)
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WO2011113607A1 (de) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Molekular geprägte polymere für die eliminierung von metaboliten |
US20130011364A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-01-10 | Thomas Fichert | Molecularly imprinted polymers for eliminating metabolites |
JP2013522254A (ja) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-06-13 | フレゼニウス メディカル ケア ドイッチェランド ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 代謝物質を排出するための分子インプリントポリマー |
US20140224737A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-08-14 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Molecularly imprinted polymers for eliminating metabolites |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009197132A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
EP2246375A4 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
EP2246375B1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
JP5370712B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
US8362173B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 |
CN101952333B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
US20110003937A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
CN101952333A (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
EP2246375A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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