WO2009084702A1 - 太陽電池検査装置及び太陽電池欠陥判定方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池検査装置及び太陽電池欠陥判定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009084702A1 WO2009084702A1 PCT/JP2008/073895 JP2008073895W WO2009084702A1 WO 2009084702 A1 WO2009084702 A1 WO 2009084702A1 JP 2008073895 W JP2008073895 W JP 2008073895W WO 2009084702 A1 WO2009084702 A1 WO 2009084702A1
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- solar cell
- solar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar battery inspection device and a solar battery defect determination method for inspecting solar battery cells (including a string in which solar battery cells are connected in a row, a solar battery panel in which a plurality of strings are arranged in parallel), and the like.
- a silicon-type solar cell As a method for utilizing solar energy, a silicon-type solar cell is known. In the production of solar cells, it is important to evaluate whether the solar cells have the desired power generation capacity. As a general performance evaluation method, output characteristics were measured.
- Output characteristics are measured as photoelectric conversion characteristics that measure the current-voltage characteristics of solar cells under light irradiation.
- As the light source sunlight is desirable, but a solar simulator is used because of its strength that changes with the weather. Solar simulators use xenon lamps and metal halide lamps instead of sunlight. And if these light sources are turned on for a long time, the amount of light changes due to temperature rise. Therefore, using the flash light of these lamps, plotting the collected data with the horizontal axis representing voltage and the vertical axis representing current, the solar cell output characteristic curve was obtained, and the output characteristic exceeded a certain value. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 As a method different from the solar simulator described above, there was a method of Patent Document 2.
- a voltage in the forward direction to a polycrystalline silicon solar cell element, an electric current flows in the forward direction to generate an electro-luminescence (EL) effect.
- EL electro-luminescence
- a method for determining the quality of an element has been proposed. By observing the EL light emitted from the solar cell element, the current density distribution can be determined, and the non-emission part of the solar cell element is determined as a defective part due to the non-uniformity of the current density distribution. If it was less than the predetermined amount, it was judged to have the specified power generation capacity.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2 0 0 7—8 8 4 1 9
- Patent Document 2 WO / 2 0 0 6/0 5 9 6 1 5 Disclosure of the Invention Problems to be Solved by the Invention
- the quality of the solar cell panel is only judged based on whether the area of the defective portion is larger or smaller than a predetermined amount. It is only possible to determine whether or not the power of the solar panel is in place, and it is not possible to know in detail what the state of the solar panel is, and whether or not there is a possibility that a malfunction will occur if it is used for a long time. Did not consider.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and allows a constant current to flow through a solar cell to emit EL, thereby enabling inspection and judgment of the quality of the solar cell from the light emission state, and a crack that may become defective in the future. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar cell inspection device and a solar cell defect determination method capable of determining whether or not (including microcracks).
- an embodiment of the present invention has the following arrangement, for example.
- a solar cell inspection device capable of determining the quality of solar cells in a solar cell, wherein power is supplied by a power supply means for supplying a constant current to the solar cell to be inspected in a light-shielded space, and the power supply means.
- An imaging unit that images the emitted light from the cell for each of the solar cells to be inspected, an analysis unit that analyzes a cell-captured image captured by the imaging unit, and a display unit that visually displays the analysis result of the analysis unit
- the analyzing means is characterized in that the cell photographed image photographed by the photographing means is emphasized to analyze the shape of the buttocks of the cell photographed image and to judge the quality of the cell.
- the display unit of the solar cell inspection apparatus can also highlight and display the buttocks that the analysis unit has determined to have a problem.
- the imaging unit may continuously shoot a plurality of solar cells, and the analysis unit may perform pass / fail determination on the interval between adjacent cells captured by the imaging unit.
- the analysis means can also determine the state of a solar cell that is likely to develop into a defect in the future by performing a microcrack detection determination.
- the analyzing means can also determine the state of the cell by analyzing the direction and position of the buttock in addition to the shape of the buttock of the cell image.
- the display means can also display the cell image displayed by highlighting the dark part determined to be problematic by the analysis means and the cell photographed image photographed by the photographing means so as to be visible at the same time.
- a method for determining a solar cell defect in the solar cell inspection apparatus capable of determining whether a solar cell is good or bad by supplying a constant current to the solar cell to be inspected in a light shielding space and supplying power.
- the emitted light from the cell is photographed for each solar cell to be inspected, and the photographed cell photographing
- the solar cell is photographed continuously by photographing a plurality of solar cells, and the dark portion of the cell photographed image is also determined for the interval between adjacent cells, and the pass / fail status of adjacent cells is determined. It is possible to adopt a solar cell defect determination method that also performs.
- a solar cell defect determination method that enables determination of the state of a solar cell that may develop into a defect in the future by performing microcrack detection determination can be employed.
- a solar cell defect determination method is adopted that makes it possible to determine the state of the cell by analyzing the direction and position of the dark portion in addition to the shape of the dark portion of the cell captured image. Can do.
- the solar cell inspection apparatus and the solar cell defect determination method of the present invention since the dark part determined to have a problem in the photographed cell image is highlighted and displayed on the display unit, the inspector looks at the display unit. It is possible to check the solar cell easily and reliably.
- the solar cell inspection apparatus and the solar cell defect determination method of the present invention it is possible to easily and reliably determine not only the current defective portion of the solar cell but also a portion that may become a defective portion in the future. This further improves the quality and durability of solar cells when used for a long time.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of the camera positioning mechanism of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the solar cell inspection control of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining details of the captured image processing S 50 of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a display example of the inspection result of the solar battery cell according to the present embodiment.
- Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the cell string matrix of the solar cell to be inspected.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the solar cell panel to be inspected.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a solar battery cell that is measured by the inspection apparatus of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the form of cell defects in the solar cell panel to be inspected.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the form of cell defects in the solar cell panel to be inspected.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the form of cell defects in the solar cell panel to be inspected.
- Figure 12 shows an example of a captured image of a polycrystalline silicon cell.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a dark part as a crack from a cell image. Explanation of symbols
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of a solar cell inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a configuration of a camera and a camera driving device in the apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- (A) is a plan view
- (b) is a front view
- (c) is a right side view.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the solar cell inspection method of the present embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining in detail the steps of the captured image processing and pass / fail judgment of this embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a display example of inspection results of the embodiment, where (a) is a captured (original) image, and (b) is an enhanced captured image.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating the solar cell string string matrix inside the solar cell to be inspected
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the solar cell.
- Fig. 8 shows the inspection of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of a structure of the photovoltaic cell measured with an apparatus.
- Fig. 9 ⁇ Fig. 10 ⁇ Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the state of cell defects in the solar cell to be inspected.
- Figure 12 shows an example of an EL image of a polycrystalline silicon cell.
- Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a heel part as a crack from a cell image.
- the solar cell panel to be inspected 1 0 0 forms a string 2 5 in which a plurality of square solar cells 2 8 are connected in series by lead wires 29, The string is connected by a plurality of column lead wires.
- the solar cell to be inspected may be one solar cell 28 or a string 25 in which a plurality of solar cells are connected linearly.
- the solar cells are arranged in multiple rows in parallel. May be a solar cell panel 30 arranged in a matrix.
- the cross-sectional structure of the solar cell panel to be inspected 100 is between the back material 2 2 disposed on the upper side and the transparent cover glass 21 disposed on the lower side. It has a configuration in which a plurality of strings 25 are sandwiched via 3 and 24.
- a material such as polyethylene resin is used for fillers 2 3 and 2 4.
- E VA resin polyethylene vinyl acetate resin
- the string 25 has a configuration in which the solar cells 28 are connected via the lead wires 29 between the electrodes 26 and 27 as described above.
- Such a solar cell panel is obtained by laminating components by laminating constituent members as described above and applying a pressure under a vacuum heating condition to cause EVA to crosslink and react with a laminating apparatus.
- Fig. 8 is a plan view of the solar cell viewed from the light receiving surface.
- a pass bar which is an electrode for extracting electricity, is printed on the surface of a thin silicon semiconductor.
- a thin conductor called a finger is printed on the surface of the silicon semiconductor in a direction perpendicular to the bus bar in order to collect current efficiently.
- the inspection object 100 may be a solar cell generally called a thin film type.
- a power generation element composed of a transparent electrode, a semiconductor, and a back electrode is previously deposited on a transparent cover glass disposed on the lower side in FIG.
- Such a thin-film solar cell panel has a structure in which glass is disposed downward, a solar cell element on the glass is covered with a filler, and a back material is further covered on the filler. It can be obtained by laminating.
- the thin-film solar panel as the inspection object 100 is merely changed to the power generation element on which the crystal cell is deposited, and the basic sealing structure is the same as that of the crystal cell described above. . ⁇ 2> Solar cell defects
- Solar cell defects are characterized by their shape depending on the cause of the defects.
- Figure 9 shows the characteristics of the dark area when the fingers are disconnected. In the case of a finger break, a rectangular collar appears along the direction of the finger.
- FIG. 10 shows the characteristics of the crack-like dark part due to the cause of the occurrence.
- areas M and N in the vicinity of the bus bar there are cracks caused by thermal deformation that occurs when the lead wire is soldered to the pass bar. This crack tends to be relatively small in size.
- Figure 11 shows the characteristics of the dark area with area.
- the appearance of the dark part changes depending on the degree of divergence of the semiconductor itself due to the crack. If the semiconductor is completely separated by cracks as shown in part C1 of the figure, a collar with an area appears on the opposite side of the bus bar. Also, if part of the semiconductor is completely removed as shown in part C2 of the figure, the part that has fallen out does not emit light, and that part becomes a dark part with area. Also, if the semiconductor itself is separated even if it does not fall out completely, as shown in part C3 in the figure, the part from the crack to the edge of the semiconductor becomes a dark part with an area. Dark areas with these areas tend to have a relatively stable depth on the inner surface of the dark area, and there are few cases where brightness, parts and edges, and parts are mixed together in a complicated manner.
- Figure 12 shows an example of a photographed image of a polycrystalline silicon cell.
- the pattern-shaped dark part having a complicated shape distributed over the entire surface of the cell is not a defect but a dark part that can be formed at the boundary of the crystal.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a solar cell inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention according to the present invention.
- 10 controls the overall control of the embodiment, and It is a control unit that executes solar cell pass / fail judgment processing, and can be composed of a personal computer system.
- 20 is a memory for storing programs executed by the control unit 10 and various processing data, and 30 is a reference data file in which reference data for pass / fail judgment of the solar cell panel to be inspected is registered.
- Cell dimension information can be set from both basic pattern hole filling method and graphic information setting method.
- graphic information When setting from graphic information, it corresponds to DXF format and BMP format files as graphic information.
- the hole filling method for example, when the number of bus bars is one, two, three, etc., multiple patterns can be selected.
- 4 0 is a keyboard for inputting various instructions and pass / fail judgment results.
- 4 0 0 is an input / output control unit that controls input / output devices such as 0 0 0, 5 0 is an image taken from a solar cell panel 100 0
- a camera control unit that controls the solar cell photography camera 5 0 0, 60 is a display control unit that displays a captured image, a display control unit that controls the 6 0 0, and 7 0 is a solar cell panel to be inspected 1 0
- a measurement current control unit that applies a constant current (predetermined forward current) through a probe 7 5 to 0, 7 5 is a probe that supplies current to the solar panel, and 8 0 is a camera 5 0 0 shooting position.
- This is a positioning mechanism control unit for controlling the camera positioning mechanism 800 for carrying and positioning.
- FIG. 2 shows the details of the force photographic unit including the camera positioning mechanism 800.
- a predetermined current is supplied in the forward direction from the measurement current control unit 70 to the solar cell panel 100 via the probe 75, so that the solar cell panel 100 is changed to EL ( Electric mouth luminescence) Act as a light source and photograph this light emission state with a solar cell photography camera 500. Since photographing is performed sequentially for each cell of the solar battery panel, the camera position is moved for each cell by the camera positioning mechanism 800.
- EL Electric mouth luminescence
- FIG. 2 shows details of the camera photographing unit 5 0 0 (in the drawing, a solar cell photographing camera) including the camera positioning mechanism 800.
- the camera drive mechanism 800 is provided with a transparent plate 8 12 made of a synthetic resin such as acrylic resin or glass on a flat upper surface 8 11 of a square box-shaped dark room 8 10. Except for the transparent plate 8 12, it is made of a light shielding material that does not allow light to enter the chamber 8 10.
- the gap between the transparent plate 8 1 2 and the inspection object 1 0 0 needs to be appropriately covered with a light shielding material.
- a solar cell is placed on the upper surface 8 1 1 as the inspection object 1 0 0 and then the entire upper surface 8 1 1 including the inspection object 1 0 0 is covered with light shielding means, the entire upper surface 8 1 1 is covered. It may be a transparent plate. 4 other than the top
- the side and bottom surfaces are all light-shielding members.
- On the upper surface 8 111 a pair of guide members 8 14 for guiding the conveyance of the inspection object 100 is provided.
- the dark room 8 10 there are a camera 5 0 0 and a y-axis guide portion 8 3 0 that moves the camera 5 0 0 in the y-axis direction.
- a motor 8 3 2 At one end of the y-axis guide portion 8 30, there is a motor 8 3 2, and by rotating this, the camera 5 0 0 can be advanced and retracted in the y-axis direction.
- Both ends of the y-axis guide portion 8 30 are supported by the X-axis guide portions 8 40 and 8 40. Then, by the motor 8 4 2 and the timing belts 8 4 4 and 8 4 4 on both sides, the y-axis guide portion 8 3 0 is moved on the X-axis guide portions 8 4 0 and 8 4 0 along the X-axis direction. It is possible to advance and retreat.
- the drive mechanism is configured.
- the X-axis guide portions 8 40 and 8 40 and the y-axis guide portion 8 30 are driven by a motor and a ball screw.
- the drive system is not limited to the above embodiment, and various linear actuators can be used.
- the camera 5 0 0 can be moved to an arbitrary position in the x—y plane, and the entire surface of the inspection object 1 0 0 from corner to corner can be moved. It is possible to shoot.
- the solar cell to be inspected may be a single solar cell, or it may be in the form of a string in which a plurality of solar cells are connected linearly as shown in Fig. 6. May be a solar cell panel arranged in a matrix. Photographing with the camera 500 may also be performed for each solar cell, several for each solar cell, or the entire solar panel.
- the solar cell panel 100 to be inspected is one in which a plurality of strings of solar cells arranged in a row and electrically connected are arranged in parallel, and the solar cells are arranged in a matrix form vertically and horizontally. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a transparent glass plate is arranged at the bottom, then EVA (ethylene butyl acetate) as the filler, then solar cells, and EVA are stacked, A resin-made pack sheet is disposed on the surface. These are laminated in a laminating apparatus by applying pressure under a vacuum heating condition to cause EVA to crosslink and laminate. Next, the solar cell panel carried out from the laminating apparatus is conveyed to the solar cell inspection apparatus of the present invention by a conveyor or the like. The conveyed solar cell panel is guided between the guide members 8 1 4 and 8 1 4 and reaches the upper part of the storage room 8 10.
- EVA ethylene butyl acetate
- the solar panel 10 0 0 that has reached the top of the cell room 8 1 0 is stopped on the transparent plate 8 1 2 in the dark room 8 1 0 with the transparent glass plate facing down, and the probe 7 Connect to 5 and connect to measurement current controller 70.
- the inspection object 100 is smaller than the transparent plate 8 12
- the gap between the transparent plate 8 1 2 and the measurement target 100 needs to be appropriately covered with a light shielding material.
- the light shielding means covers the entire upper surface of the dark room 8 10.
- the resin back sheet on the back side is opaque and has sufficient light shielding properties.
- the upper surface 8 11 of the dark room 8 10 is also made of a light shielding member except for the transparent plate 8 1 2. Therefore, when the inspection object 100 is larger than the transparent plate 8 12 and the entire transparent plate 8 12 is covered with the inspection object 100, the light shielding sheet is unnecessary.
- the light shielding means need only be at least a size that covers this gap.
- a current in the forward direction is passed from the measurement current control unit 70 to the inspection object 100. Since the inspection object 1 0 0 emits E L, take a picture with the camera 5 0 0.
- the camera 5 0 0 takes a picture of each of the solar cells arranged in a matrix on the solar battery panel, and from a personal computer (not shown).
- the image data is sent to the image processing apparatus.
- the image processing apparatus takes out and analyzes a portion (dark part or lizard) that does not emit light from the image of each solar cell, determines whether each solar cell is good or bad, and determines whether the solar cell is good or bad. The quality of the electronic panel as a whole is judged.
- the solar cell is not inspected in a special dark room, but may be placed on a device with a simple mechanism as shown in FIG.
- the present embodiment has the following advantages because only the mechanism and the computer system shown in FIG. 2 are required.
- step S 1 the solar cell panel is positioned and placed as an inspection object 100 on the upper surface 8 11 of the chamber 8 10 shown in FIG.
- the probe 75 is connected to the terminal part of the placed solar cell panel to be inspected so that a current can be applied from the measurement current control part 70.
- step S5 the control unit 10 controls the positioning mechanism control unit 80 to position the camera 5100 at the first solar cell panel photographing position.
- step S 7 the measurement current control unit 70 is controlled to apply a predetermined forward current to the solar cell panel 100 to be inspected to cause EL emission.
- the light emission conditions (energization current value, energization time, etc.) are preset for each inspection object and registered in the reference data file 30. In addition, this light emission condition is the same as that in this embodiment. ⁇ ⁇
- step S 10 the control unit 10 controls the camera control unit 50 to take a picture of the solar panel cell emitting EL with the camera 50 0, capture the taken image, for example, the memory 20 and the external storage. Write to a predetermined area of the device 900.
- step S 1 2 the display control unit 60 is controlled to read the original image previously captured from the memory 20 and display it on the display unit 60.
- the control unit 10 performs image processing on the captured image shown in step S 50 and performs analysis processing of captured image information. Details of the defect determination method in step S 50 will be described later in ⁇ 5>.
- step S 16 an image in which the defective portion is emphasized according to the image processing result in step S 50 is displayed on the display unit 60 0 via the display control unit 60.
- the method of image enhancement processing will be described later in ⁇ 8>.
- Step S 18 is a manual determination process by the inspector using the highlighted image, and details will be described later in ⁇ 7>.
- step S 2 the control unit stores the cell determination result in, for example, the external storage device 90.
- step S22 the sequence number assigned to each cell of the solar panel to be inspected is incremented by one (increase).
- step S 24 the counted sequence number is checked to check whether or not the photographing and determination processing for all the cells of the solar panel to be inspected has been completed. If the processing for all the cells has not been completed, the process proceeds to step S 30 and an instruction is issued to the positioning mechanism control unit 80 to control the camera positioning mechanism 8 0 0 to move the camera 5 0 0 to the next cell. Move to the shooting position. Then, the process proceeds to step S7, and the photographing process and determination process for the next cell are performed.
- step S 26 comprehensive determination is performed as follows. Thereafter, the interval between the cells is checked to determine comprehensively whether or not the entire solar cell panel can be made nondefective, and the determination result is written in a predetermined area of the external storage device 90, for example. Then, the comprehensive judgment process for one solar panel is completed.
- step S 50 of FIG. 3 details of the captured image processing shown in step S 50 of FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
- image processing first, an area with a small amount of light is extracted from the photographed cell image. Next, the extracted region or shape with a small amount of light is subjected to image processing based on the defect pattern of the solar cell in FIG.
- the image processing conditions are registered in the reference data file 30 and the following processing is performed sequentially.
- step S52 a scaling process is executed. Depending on the characteristics of the cell, there is a difference in overall light emission.
- the scaling process is a process that normalizes the brightest part to a certain brightness and adjusts the brightness of the entire image so that it can be compared and examined under more constant conditions.
- step S54 cell region extraction processing is executed in step S54.
- the outer peripheral shape of the solar battery cell is automatically calculated by collating with the dimension information of the cell set and registered in the reference data file 30 in advance. Even if the cell's position and angle are misaligned, the outer shape of the cell can be obtained accurately.
- step S 56 image processing is performed so that the pass bar area is excluded from the photographed image by performing the bus bar exclusion process so that the quality of the cell can be determined.
- the solar cell has a bus bar, and it is automatically calculated by comparing with the cell dimension information set in advance in the reference data file 30 to obtain the bus bar area. Exclude from Note that the path bar area can be obtained accurately even if the cell position or angle is deviated.
- step S58 shading correction processing is performed.
- the center will inevitably become brighter and darker toward the end. For this reason, this process corrects changes in brightness due to camera lens characteristics.
- step S 60 chip detection processing is performed.
- the chipping detection process is a process of extracting a part having a certain area or more out of the ridges having an area that can be seen in the periphery of the cell as a chipping. Whether it is a shadow or not is determined by using the lightness reduction rate from the surrounding area as a threshold. The same applies to the subsequent processes.
- the dark part caused by other than the defect is a complex mixture of dark and bright parts.
- the process of averaging the lightness distribution is applied to an image with such a complex mixture of bright and dark areas, the difference between the bright and dark areas will be reduced and the border will disappear.
- the defect is caused by defects, the boundary between the bright and dark areas remains even if the same averaging process is performed. If this boundary is detected, the missing portion can be easily extracted.
- finger disconnection detection processing is performed in step S62.
- This process is a process of detecting a finger breakage of a certain area or more out of a shadowed part having an area that appears dark inside the cell.
- the same lightness averaging process as that used for chipping detection is performed to extract a stable buttock.
- the dark part of the finger breakage is characterized by a rectangular shape along the finger direction as shown in Fig. 9. Therefore, a dark portion that matches the finger direction set in the reference data file 30 in advance and whose shape is approximate to a rectangle is determined as a finger break. ⁇
- the dark portion determined to be a finger disconnection is displayed with a color corresponding to the determination result.
- Image enhancement processing is performed to enable display.
- a crack detection process is performed.
- it is a process of detecting, as a crack, a line-shaped dark portion that appears dark except for a broken finger and that is longer than a certain length.
- the dark part of the crack has a part that is partially bent as shown in FIG. 10, but has a relatively simple shape. The method for determining cracks is described below with reference to FIG.
- the crack ridge is a set of relatively simple line segments as follows.
- the dark part (i) (mouth) (c) due to a crack is recognized as one crack, and the lengths of each are added to make the crack length.
- simply determine whether or not each dark area is part of one ridge by simply linking (joining) each seam (joint) be able to.
- the dark part due to the crack has a relatively simple shape as shown in Fig. 13 (the joint is bent at an obtuse angle), so the direction of each line segment is considered to be close.
- the ridges other than the cracks are in random directions, so the probability of matching with the crack direction is low.
- step S 16 When generating an enhanced image for emphasizing and displaying the determination result, the display shown in step S 16 described above, such as displaying the dark portion determined to be a crack with a color corresponding to the determination result, etc.
- step S66 the size (area, length) and number of “chips”, “finger breaks”, and “cracks” extracted in each detection process are compared with predetermined threshold values to determine whether the cell is good or bad. .
- step S 68 the determination result is output.
- step S 66 three kinds of criteria according to the cell region characteristics are prepared. As shown in Fig. 10, solar cells are divided into areas near the pass bar (area M, area N) and other areas L. The first criterion is applied to the region L other than the region M and the region N, and it is desirable that the extraction is limited to a large size in order to accurately extract the dark portion other than the crack. . The second criterion applies to region M and cracks ⁇ 3
- the third criterion applies to region N and is the same as the second criterion.
- a linear dark part having a longer length as a crack according to the first criterion, it is possible to eliminate the dark part other than the crack and extract the crack more accurately.
- the short linear collar as a crack according to the second and third criteria, it is possible to extract even small cracks.
- the presence / absence of “chip”, “finger break”, and “crack” is judged. If these are not available, they are considered good. If it is detected, the quality of the cell is ranked based on the detected “chip”, “finger disconnection”, and “crack” information. Ranking is determined based on the following items. (1) Total of detected “chip” area, (2) Total of detected “finger disconnection” area, (3) Total of “crack” length detected The rank for each item is determined in comparison with the threshold value. For example, A, B, C, D, and E are ranked 5 ranks, with A being the best and E being the lowest. The rank of the cell judged to be defective is classified into E rank, which is the lowest rank of automatic judgment. If the cell rank is below the specified rank, it is judged as bad (NG). This predetermined rank can be arbitrarily changed.
- the cell determination result is directly used as a total determination result as a product.
- the quality of the product is automatically judged according to the following procedure.
- Judgment is based on the criteria for each cell, but the overall judgment is based on the number of cells in each ranked cell. For example, if the number of cells below the set rank is greater than or equal to the set number, it is judged as defective. For example, a criterion for determining whether a product is acceptable or not is set when the rank is 5 or higher for rank C or lower, 3 or higher for rank D or lower, and 1 or higher for rank E or lower.
- the solar cell defect inspection apparatus has a function of highlighting a dark part that is determined to have a problem by analyzing a captured image on the display part.
- the automatic judgment by this solar cell defect inspection device can be stopped, and in S 18 of Fig. 3, this function can be used to allow the inspector to make a manual judgment by looking at the display.
- this function can be used to allow the inspector to make a manual judgment by looking at the display. In the case of manual judgment by the inspector, it is as follows.
- step S 18 of FIG. 3 the inspector views the highlighted image and inputs the pass / fail judgment result from the keyboard 400.
- an instruction may be input by touching the display screen of the display unit 600.
- the judgment function “valid / invalid”, the automatic judgment function “valid Z invalid”, manual judgment “Enable / Disable” of the function can be set.
- the inspector inspects the string and matrix products, andappel
- the “product judgment complete” button is entered, and the next solar cell panel is inspected.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the original image in step S12 and the determination image in which the defective part in step S16 is emphasized in the present embodiment.
- (A) in Fig. 5 is the judgment image with the original image (B) highlighted.
- the quality of the cell-captured image can be determined more easily and reliably by comparing and determining this image.
- the image in which the defect portion in the determination image in step S 16 described above is emphasized is a ridge portion corresponding to a portion that does not emit light naturally, such as a bus bar portion, as a result of analyzing the dark portion of the photographed image in the analysis process described above. If the part that normally needs to emit EL, except for, is recognized as a dark part, the following emphasized image is displayed.
- the defect is a dark part due to a defect caused by a defect, for example, in the case of the dark part in the vicinity of the left end in FIG. Everything is displayed with brightness that is easily distinguishable from the surrounding area (see Fig. 5 (b)).
- color display it is desirable to display in a color specific to dark areas such as yellow.
- the part is determined to be a dark part due to a crack in the determination process described above, for example, the part shown slightly below the center on the left side in FIG. It is displayed as a line with lightness that can be easily distinguished from other parts (see Fig. 5 (b) c).
- a color specific to the dark part such as red.
- the dark part expands and a defect occurs in other peripheral parts by long-term use. Since such a part is displayed as a line having a certain thickness, it is possible to easily recognize which part of the photographed image the part concerned.
- a person who wants to judge pass / fail can check both the photographed image and the emphasized image to easily and reliably recognize the portion of the photographed image that is determined to be problematic as a result of analysis.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP08868967A EP2234170A4 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-19 | SOLAR BATTERY INSPECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING SOLAR BATTERY DEFECT |
US12/810,020 US20100266196A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-19 | Photovoltaic devices inspection apparatus and method of determining defects in photovoltaic devices |
CN2008801274961A CN101960612B (zh) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-19 | 太阳电池检查装置以及太阳电池缺陷判定方法 |
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JP2007-339198 | 2007-12-28 | ||
JP2007339198A JP5243785B2 (ja) | 2007-12-28 | 2007-12-28 | 太陽電池検査装置及び太陽電池欠陥判定方法 |
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PCT/JP2008/073895 WO2009084702A1 (ja) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-19 | 太陽電池検査装置及び太陽電池欠陥判定方法 |
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US (1) | US20100266196A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2234170A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5243785B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20100112150A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101960612B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI447827B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009084702A1 (ja) |
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JP2010054365A (ja) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-11 | Nisshinbo Holdings Inc | 太陽電池の検査装置、太陽電池の検査方法、プログラム、太陽電池の検査システム |
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WO2011078374A2 (ja) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | 日清紡メカトロニクス株式会社 | 太陽電池の検査装置、太陽電池の検査方法およびプログラム |
WO2011078374A3 (ja) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-09-15 | 日清紡メカトロニクス株式会社 | 太陽電池の検査装置、太陽電池の検査方法およびプログラム |
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TWI639829B (zh) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-11-01 | 致茂電子股份有限公司 | 太陽能電池的檢測方法與檢測系統 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2234170A4 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
TWI447827B (zh) | 2014-08-01 |
JP5243785B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
EP2234170A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
US20100266196A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
TW200937553A (en) | 2009-09-01 |
JP2009164165A (ja) | 2009-07-23 |
KR20100112150A (ko) | 2010-10-18 |
CN101960612B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
CN101960612A (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
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