WO2009019388A1 - Epurateur comprenant un filtre photocatalytique - Google Patents
Epurateur comprenant un filtre photocatalytique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009019388A1 WO2009019388A1 PCT/FR2008/051357 FR2008051357W WO2009019388A1 WO 2009019388 A1 WO2009019388 A1 WO 2009019388A1 FR 2008051357 W FR2008051357 W FR 2008051357W WO 2009019388 A1 WO2009019388 A1 WO 2009019388A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- purifier
- media
- gas
- pco
- illumination
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a filtering medium with a fibrous structure, the fibers of which are coated with a photocatalytic action coating, for the purification of the ambient air and more particularly the elimination of the volatile organic compounds contained in the ambient air.
- Advanced Oxidation techniques allow the oxidation of organo-volatile compounds (VOCs).
- VOCs organo-volatile compounds
- TAO advanced oxidation techniques
- the most efficient advanced oxidation techniques (TAO) are those that lead to the formation of hydroxyl radicals OH-, which have an oxidizing power greater than that of traditional oxidants. This is the case of heterogeneous photocatalysis.
- the fundamental principle of the phenomenon is the absorption of a photon by a semiconductor solid, leading to the promotion of an electron of the valence band to the conduction band by releasing a gap, and thus conferring on the solid properties oxidizer and reductant.
- Most organovolatile compounds as well as many pesticides, herbicides, surfactants and dyes are completely oxidized to less toxic products by this technique.
- a PCO reactor photocatalysis oxidation for the purification of ambient air generally comprises a pre-filter for trapping dust and particles, a UV source, a PCO filter.
- the UV source is usually placed between the pre-filter and the PCO filter.
- the air to be purified is usually drawn or sucked through the PCO filter using a turbine or fan.
- a PCO filter must be optimized on the following points: - UV power received,
- Filters already proposed for this type of application often cause excessive pressure drop, so they require the use of more powerful fans and more energy-hungry.
- it was then proposed to lower the density of the filter by inserting elements such as honeycomb, high porosity fabric, mosquito net or ceramic foam, but then, true Preferred channels were created and the efficiency of the filter for the oxidation of organo-volatile compounds was reduced because of the lack of "effective" material in contact with the airflow.
- the WO03010106 teaches the deposition of photocatalytic coating on the surface of sails or silica felts with a specific surface area of at least 10 m 2 / g, in particular at least 30 m 2 / g. This document does not suggest the concept of low pressure drop combined with sufficient efficiency in the intended application.
- WO00 / 25919 and WO00 / 76660 teach the use of a needled cut son mat as a support for a photocatalytic coating.
- the choice of these fibers requires the use of an organic binder and leads to a high density mat (150 to 600 g / m 2 ). It is not possible with such fibers to have at the same time a low density and a low pressure drop.
- WO99 / 64364 (or EP1084086) teaches an adhesion promoter for photocatalytic coating. This adhesion promoter is organic.
- US6241856 teaches an organo volatile compound analyzer and a pump which serves to circulate the gas but which is in no way slaved to the analyzer. The pump is therefore not used to regulate the gas passing through the purifier according to the result provided by the analyzer.
- Other state-of-the-art documents include
- the invention relates to a substantially mineral, stable, UV-insensitive and PCO-oxidation filter medium, which combines a pressure drop compatible with the requirements of the air treatment systems and a strong efficiency against atmospheric pollutants due to its active surface and a PCO effect in its volume and not only a surface effect as is usually encountered according to the prior art.
- This filter medium is preferably essentially inorganic (i.e. inorganic) which means that its loss on ignition is less than 0.1% by weight and even less than 0.01% by weight, or even zero.
- Such media-filtering may in particular be obtained by the use of a felt made by stretch-blow molding of its fibers, which makes it possible to overcome the use of binder and even of any mechanical bonding action (needling, sewing).
- the filtering medium according to the invention is obtained after deposition of a photocatalytic action coating on a nonwoven of the felt type.
- the invention relates firstly to a filtering medium having a photocatalytic action of at least 2 mm in thickness, homogeneous and without an orifice visible to the naked eye, comprising a felt of inorganic fibers whose fibers are coated with a coating comprising a catalyst with a photocatalytic action, said felt having a basis weight of between 30 and 80 g / m 2 , said coating representing 5 to 80% of the mass of said medium, said medium having a gas pressure drop of less than 150 Pa at 1 m / s in non-pleated condition.
- the invention also relates to the use of this medium in different applications, its shaping to maximize the active surface "front”, its shaping to minimize the problems of pressure drop.
- the invention further relates to a method and a device for modulating the UV intensity and the speed at the substrate at the start of a purifier and / or in case of pollution peak, so as to reduce the formation of potentially toxic reaction intermediates.
- the media according to the invention can be implemented to purify the atmosphere of premises for domestic use (housing), or premises of the tertiary sector (building containing offices).
- a felt mass density up to 300 g / m 2 .
- the felt used in the context of the present invention because of its density of between 30 and 80 g / m 2 , offers a very low gas pressure drop therethrough.
- the felt and the media according to the invention are rather adapted to purification in a domestic environment. It should be noted that for the tertiary or industrial sector, substrates of higher surface area may be necessary, such as for example from 200 to 300 g / m 2 .
- An alternative for the tertiary and industrial sectors is the use of several media according to the invention placed in series one behind the other.
- a single filter medium comprising a felt on which the catalytic coating has been applied as explained in the present application, except that the felt has a basis weight greater than 80 g / m 2 , for example 80 at 300 g / m 2 . You can also put several of these media in series one behind the other.
- the felt to be used as a substrate may have a density of less than 30 kg / m 3 .
- the felt to be used as a substrate generally has a density ranging from 0.5 to 60 kg / m 3 and more generally from 1 to 30 kg / m 3 .
- the photocatalytic coating formed according to the invention on the surface of the fibers of the felt used as a substrate represents 5 to 80% and generally 10 to 50% of the mass of the filter medium.
- the catalyst with photocatalytic action generally comprises at least one oxide of the group of the following oxides: TiO 2 , ZnO, CeO 2 . It preferably comprises titanium oxide at least partially crystallized.
- the felt is a fibrous structure with mineral fibers.
- These fibers may be based on silica such as glass (generally containing at least 30% by weight of silica, the glass being of the E, C, R, S, D, AR type), the washed glass (leached glass fiber chemically then possibly thermally stabilized generally containing more than 90% by weight of silica, and in a standard manner between 96% and 99% by weight of silica), ceramic (mention may be made of mullite-based fibers including UNIFRAX. THERMALS CERAMICS are well known suppliers, NEXTEL fibers of 3M, pure alumina fiber marketed under the trade name SAFFIL) or pure silica (also called quartz and comprising at least 99% of amorphous SiO 2 ).
- silica such as glass (generally containing at least 30% by weight of silica, the glass being of the E, C, R, S, D, AR type)
- the washed glass leached glass fiber chemically then possibly
- metal fiber generally based on 316 or 316 L stainless steel whose main suppliers are Bekaert and UGITECH.
- the material used is preferably glass and still more preferably silica so as to be as transparent as possible to the UV illumination in the application, because the UV penetrates better into the core of the filter media to make it more active.
- the felt is preferably unsintered and without organic material, which is possible in particular by the use of the stretch-blow molding method described below applied to the mineral material.
- a felt of mineral fibers in particular comprising silica (glass or pure silica)
- stretch rods of the material in question (as in silica or glass as the case may be), with a diameter generally less than 7. mm in a burner (especially oxy-propane) in order to bring them to a filament diameter of less than 0.5 mm.
- This filament can then be re-stretched by flame-stretching in a second burner and projected onto a moving surface such as a moving carpet or a rotating receiving drum.
- the filaments thus obtained generally have a diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m, and in optimal manners centered on 9 ⁇ m, for example between 7 and 15 ⁇ m. Larger filaments generally lose felt flexibility.
- the stretched material may be quartz, silica, glass, and more generally any type of thermally fusible mineral material, which includes alumina and mullite.
- This method of manufacturing non-woven (or matt) flame stretch-blow molding followed by a projection on a running surface (moving carpet or receiving drum in rotation) leads to a particularly homogeneous structure and free of holes apparent to the naked eye, even at very low surface mass.
- This technique produces substantially crimped fibers, so that they naturally bond to each other by interlacing to form a coherent nonwoven mat and without the need for a binder or mechanical bonding. such as needling or sewing. This curl is more easily obtained by adjusting the flame producing the stretch in turbulent condition.
- Pure silica fiber (at least 99% SiO 2 ) is particularly preferred because it is particularly transparent to UV, which allows it to convey in the manner of optical fibers and with a minimum of UV absorption throughout the media .
- the felt obtained by this process is a non-woven fabric whose surface mass is adjustable according to the speed of the receiving system (like a rotating drum) .
- the reception system is adjusted so as to obtain a density of between 30 and 80 g / m 2 .
- These felts have a thickness ranging from 1 to 200 mm and a density of less than 60 kg / m 3 .
- the fibers of this nonwoven have a length generally ranging from 3 cm to 100 cm.
- This stretch-blowing process allows the production of pure silica mats or glass (at least 60% SiO 2 in the case of glass). These mats are excellent and preferred because they are soft (because not sintered) and free of any organic matter.
- the final medium has a thickness generally lower than that of the felt used, and generally ranging from 1 to 50 mm and more generally between 2 and 30 mm.
- existing fibers with a diameter of 7 to 14 ⁇ m can be obtained and cut at lengths of less than 150 mm and generally greater than 45 mm.
- the cut fibers are then shaped web either by pneumatic lapping, or by carding-lapping.
- the sheet thus formed then undergoes a pre-needling followed by needling around of 100 moves / m 2 .
- webs with a mass per unit area of between 60 g / m 2 and 2000 g / m 2 can be produced.
- products with a basis weight of less than 80 g / m 2 will be preferred.
- These products have thicknesses generally less than 30 mm, and generally densities less than 70 kg / m 3 and even less than 60 kg / m 3 .
- the density and thickness are adjustable by those skilled in the art depending on the number of strokes / m 2 of substrate that the needling exerts, which densifies more or less the felt.
- the media may also be prepared by the papermaking method (dispersion of the fibers in a pulper followed by shaping by papermaking) by using, in order to keep an essentially mineral structure, a ceramic precursor binder, preferably of the soil type. gel, in particular with a precursor for example of the TEOS (Tetraethyl orthosilicate), MTES (Methyltriethoxysilane) type which after calcination will be ceramized.
- This binder can be deposited locally by stitch or in a predefined pattern to save the flexibility of the felt.
- the preferred fiber as support felt for the catalyst with photocatalytic action is a quartz fiber (at least 99% of silica) because it tolerates ceramization of sol-silica gel (between 400 and 600 ° C.), it is very pure, alkaline free, and therefore particularly inert vis-à-vis the catalyst, and moreover, it conducts the UV very well without absorbing them.
- the finished felt is then impregnated with a solution comprising an organic precursor of silica (such as TEOS, MTES see a mixture of several alkoxysilane precursors of chemical formula R' ⁇ Si (OR) 4-x in which R and R 'are organic radicals and x an integer ranging from 0 to 3), and a dispersion of a photocatalytically active compound, such as TiO 2 with photocatalytic action or Zinc oxide (ZnO), the titanium oxide remaining nevertheless the preferred catalyst because of its high efficiency in PCO applications.
- an organic precursor of silica such as TEOS, MTES see a mixture of several alkoxysilane precursors of chemical formula R' ⁇ Si (OR) 4-x in which R and R 'are organic radicals and x an integer ranging from 0 to 3
- a photocatalytically active compound such as TiO 2 with photocatalytic action or Zinc oxide (ZnO)
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a media comprising a step of impregnating the inorganic fiber felt with a composition comprising Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and at least one alkoxysilane of formula R ' x Si (OR) 4- x wherein R and R 'are organic radicals and x is an integer from 0 to 3, the amount of alkoxysilane representing 10 to 40% and preferably 15 to 25% by weight of TEOS.
- TEOS Tetraethyl orthosilicate
- R ' x Si (OR) 4- x wherein R and R 'are organic radicals and x is an integer from 0 to 3, the amount of alkoxysilane representing 10 to 40% and preferably 15 to 25% by weight of TEOS.
- the impregnating solution can be prepared according to the indications contained in WO9710186 and WO03087002.
- the impregnation solution may be prepared by premixing a solution A (precursor of silica) and a solution B (surfactant), a dispersion of titanium oxide being then added to said premix.
- a solution A precursor of silica
- a solution B surfactant
- it can be prepared on the basis of the ingredients indicated in Table 2 below:
- the amount of water is adjusted to a volume of 100 liters at the final solution.
- Two solutions A and B are thus prepared and mixed, and then a suspension of the TiO 2 catalyst in water is added to this mixture of A + B.
- the 33.33 kg of C is the suspension mass of the catalyst at 19.3% (and not pure catalyst).
- a composition that is particularly suitable for the deposition of the coating uses a mixture of MTES and TEOS as the silica precursor. Indeed the sol-gel obtained from this mixture is more flexible and less subject to dusting when compared to a precursor 100% TEOS or 100% MTES. Preferably, a 15-30% MTES mixture is used for 85-70% TEOS.
- the felt is impregnated in full bath with the impregnating solution, which is sucked through the felt, which is then expressed (which means: pressed to remove the impregnation juice) and dried.
- the felt obtained is then calcined at a temperature of ambient temperature to 550 ° C, in particular at about 450 ° C, which then makes it possible to transform the silica precursor into silica.
- the rise in temperature to the maximum temperature is carried out with a moderate speed, preferably below 6 ° C per minute.
- this heat treatment may be that indicated in Table 4 below:
- Cooling can be a natural cooling in the ambient air.
- the ratio of Si and Ti precursors in the case of the use of precursors of Si and Ti to produce the catalytically active coating, preference is given to the ratio of Si and Ti precursors so that the Si / Ti molar ratio in the catalytically active coating is included. between 0.25 and 1, 35 and more preferably between 0.5 and 1.3.
- This media can be sucked by a suction table to remove the particles (micron and sub micron) coating with low adhesion. This makes it possible to avoid a significant dusting of the PCO media and a particle generation during the first start-up of the PCO purifier.
- the catalyst mass (as TiO 2 ) is generally less than or equal to 40% by weight and if possible less than 30% by weight, optimally about 15% by weight on the final product (media) obtained.
- the catalyst mass is greater than or equal to 1% by weight and more preferably greater than or equal to 5% by weight relative to the final medium.
- TiO 2 catalyst In the case of a TiO 2 catalyst, it preferably contains as much anatase as possible.
- the composition can be doped with at least one compound such as MnO, Mn 2 O 3 , dicyanoanthracene (DCA) or a compound comprising at least one of the group of elements V, Cr, Mn, Mo, In, Sn, Fe, Ce, Co, Cu, Nd, Zn, W, Nb, Ta, Bi, Ni, Ru, Ag, said compound being in concentration less than 0.5% by weight of the mass of catalyst, in order to increase the efficiency of the media.
- DCA dicyanoanthracene
- the felts prepared as indicated above have the following properties: they are essentially of a mineral nature; they have a pressure drop of less than 150 Pa at 1 m / s, and more generally less than 50 Pa at 1 m / s and even less than 20 Pa at 1 m / s of gas; they are homogeneous and therefore without a preferential path for the gas passing through it; they do not have a hole visible to the naked eye.
- the production of the photocatalytic coating can sometimes cause adhesion problems on the fiber, especially when it is subjected to mechanical stresses, even low for example during handling.
- the detachment of the coating results in the formation of an unwanted powder. This separation is also called "dusting".
- the thickness of the coating can be decreased.
- the coating can also be fixed with a polymer. However, the latter must resist oxidation under the combined effect of the UV and the PCO effect of the catalyst, the powers received being very often between 2 and 40 mW / cm 2 of UVA, UVB or UVC.
- Polymers comprising fluorine such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or a fluorinated silane (such as fluorinated silanes sold under the reference F8820, F8810, F8263 by the company Degussa) and, to a lesser extent, a polysiloxane polymer (such as a silicone) have been discovered. ), have sufficient UV stability and PCO reaction in this type of application.
- the polymer may be deposited on the fibers of the media in the dispersion state in a liquid, in particular using an aqueous dispersion.
- An aqueous dispersion of the polymer which is free from surfactants or which contains the least possible surfactant is preferably used.
- Suitable polymer dispersions are, for example, PTFE dispersions sold under the TEFLON 30 references.
- DUPONT OF NEMOURS Mention may also be made of silicone polymers of Rhodia silicone such as Rhodorsil Resin 20 B at 83%, Rhodorsil Resin 6405, and Wacker siloxane polymers such as SILRES H62 C.
- PTFE is a preferred polymer.
- the polymer dispersion is applied to the media after the heat treatment ceramics that led to the formation of the coating action photocatalytic. Generally from 0.1 to 5% by weight of polymer relative to the mass of the final media is deposited on the media.
- the deposition of the polymer can be carried out either by spraying on one side or on both sides of the suspension, or by immersion-soaking in the suspension followed by an expression. These impregnations can generally be carried out at room temperature, especially at a temperature of between 10 and 40 ° C.
- a heat treatment is generally carried out between 45 ° C. and 250 ° C. (more preferably between 150 ° and 250 ° C.
- a fluorinated polymer not polysiloxane type
- UV in this case with a high UV intensity, in particular between 15 and 100 mW / cm 2 ) after the application of the polymer dispersion and before the actual use to better remove surfactants or surfactants used to disperse the polymer in the dispersion, including fluoropolymers in aqueous dispersion.
- PCO substrates whose coating comprises a hydrophobic polymer, especially fluorinated or polysiloxane type, can float on the surface of the water.
- Such media have a strong interest in purifying the atmosphere emanating from a settling basin, a purification plant, a lagoon (factories), etc .... Indeed, the media can be cut into pieces of surface ranging from a few mm 2 to a few cm 2 , poured on the surface of the water to be treated. Because of its floating nature, the media is easily distributed on the surface of the water (without adding significant additional costs such as floating tarpaulins mounted on float).
- the invention also relates to a method of purifying air over water containing impurities and generating volatile organic compounds in air above said water, by placing on the surface of the water.
- water of a filtering medium with photocatalytic action, self floating (according to the invention) by means of a suitable coating allowing it to float.
- This coating preferably comprises a hydrophobic polymer applied to the fibers of said media.
- the media according to the present invention combines an active and homogeneous surface (without an apparent preferential path for air) over the entire surface of the media with a very low pressure drop, in particular because of its very low basis weight (or surface weight) and of its associated low apparent density.
- the media having a high thickness, it allows a photocatalytic oxidation efficiency (PCO efficiency) throughout its thickness.
- PCO efficiency photocatalytic oxidation efficiency
- This reactor generally consists of a stainless steel body inside which is placed a media disk, for example of diameter 47 mm.
- UV illumination from a HPK 125 W lamp is performed through a silica slot.
- the illumination power is adjusted by adjusting the distance lamp Media.
- a power of 5 mW of UVA per cm 2 of media, measured at 365 nm measured at the media level, is generally used.
- a constant stream of filtered air containing 300 ppm of the pollutant (in particular methanol) is introduced at a rate of 350 ml / min.
- the pollutant concentration is then measured, generally by chromatography.
- the filter medium according to the invention in non-folded condition, causes a pressure drop of less than 150 Pa at 1 m / s of gas, and even generally less than 50 Pa at 1 m / s and even less than 20 Pa at 1 m / s gas, which is remarkably low, while providing excellent purification.
- a photocatalytic purifier allows efficient air purification without increasing the levels of harmful intermediate products during the first minutes of the device start or peak flow. pollutant. Subsequently, the UV intensity and the flow of the device can be raised to their nominal value to ensure maximum PCO effect.
- a decomposition process of methanol is: methanol - formaldehyde - formic acid - CO 2 .
- a decomposition process of ethanol is: Ethanol - Acetaldehyde - Acetic acid - Formaldehyde - Formic acid + CO 2 - 2 CO 2 .
- the intermediate reaction products may or may not be completely mineralized when the passage on the photocatalytic media of the initial molecule of starting pollutant.
- the media according to the invention can be arranged in a filtration cassette so as to provide a longer surface area for the gas to be treated.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show PCO filters in which the PCO medium has a shape of V or W.
- the invention also relates to a filter cassette comprising at least one angle and containing a PCO medium, said angle being where appropriate articulated.
- the PCO purifier according to the invention is particularly intended for domestic air purification applications.
- One of the major applications is the reduction of ozone in the home environment. Thanks to the invention, an ozone reduction efficiency of 90% can be achieved.
- the PCO purifier according to the invention is also used for the purification of air in tertiary, commercial, or industrial environment.
- media according to the invention in series to generate a higher surface weight compared to what is suitable for the domestic environment.
- a 50g / m 2 media when used in an industrial restoration environment equipped with a grease-cleaning system (from ozone), a 50g / m 2 media generally does not reduce ozone levels. sufficiently large at 300 ppb in one pass at 1 m / s.
- media according to the invention in series (that is to say one after the other, if necessary in contact), generally between 2 to 10 media, more particularly 3 to 6 media, which allows in one pass to oxidize for example 150 ppb of 300 ppb of ozone present in the input gas, the UV power received by filter being 50 mW / cm 2 of UVC illumination.
- This type of process can be envisaged in particular at the level of industrial kitchen executions in which ozone is generated to eliminate the greases deposited at the level of cooker hoods. It follows a strong smell and ozone concentration that can be destroyed by the PCO system according to the invention.
- the PCO system according to the invention can also be used in industrial applications such as sheds or storage refrigerators of fragile plant products (such as fruits, vegetables, flowers). In this context, it is important to reduce the concentration of ethylene in the shed to slow the ripening of the fruit or the wilting of the flowers.
- the invention also relates to the use of the media or the purifier or the device according to the invention for purifying the air of a shed or refrigerator containing a plant, in particular a fruit or vegetable or a flower.
- the PCO system according to the invention is also very effective on the degradation of alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol) and solvents for example used in the industry of resins, composites or the manufacture of perfumes.
- alcohols methanol, ethanol, propanol
- solvents for example used in the industry of resins, composites or the manufacture of perfumes.
- ATEX regulated conditions the ATEX expression from "Explosive ATmospheres”
- One of the problems is the nature of the PCO filter medium which must be essentially mineral in order to avoid any risk of ignition.
- no post-impregnation polymer is applied to the media to limit the dusting.
- the media of the present invention is then composed of a mineral substrate (felt) with a mineral coating doped with titanium oxide and perfectly meets the specifications of PCO applications in ATEX environment.
- the PCO system according to the invention contains a light source necessary for the catalytic activation of the titanium oxide coating.
- This source can be a UVA, UVB or UVC lamp with mercury vapor or Xenon.
- the invention also relates to particular illumination devices of a PCO medium, suitable for PCO media according to the invention or any other PCO medium. These devices are interesting in particular from the point of view of energy savings, lower maintenance costs or ATEX compliance.
- the illumination device of the fibrous media can be realized with an LED
- the invention also relates to a gas purifier comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or not) and a UV illumination system of said medium, said illumination system comprising an LED, preferably UV, generating an intensity received by the media at least equal to 1 mW / cm 2 of media.
- the illumination device of the fibrous media can be produced by a light guide, for example an optical fiber: this system makes it possible to move the source away from the illumination zone and thus to relatively easily create an ATEX zone in the PCO reactor .
- the invention also relates to a gas purifier comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or not) and a UV illumination system of said medium, said illumination system comprising at least one light guide ( as an optical fiber) to bring light to said medium.
- ATEX zones outlets, capture
- conventional UV lamps are not ATEX approved because of the fragility of their envelope.
- a light guide lighting system allows the lamp to be taken out of the ATEX zone and thus makes the system comply with the needs of the ATEX zones.
- the following systems can be considered:
- the illumination device of the fibrous media can also be centralized vis-à-vis several PCO reactors. This makes it possible to have a single zone of UV generation relayed by a light guide illumination system (for example of the optical fiber type) of different PCO media. This system provides significant energy savings by avoiding the need to have multiple sources, reducing ballast consumption and unavoidable losses due to multi-source systems.
- the principle of this system is shown in FIG. 16.
- the invention also relates to a device for purifying air comprising several air purifiers each comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or not), and including a unique lighting source of the scrubbers media.
- the invention also relates to a gas purifier comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or not) and a UV illumination system of said medium, said illumination system comprising light guides (for example optical fiber type) and / or a cold light.
- the illumination device of the fibrous media can be produced by plane lamp.
- the invention also relates to a gas purifier comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or not) and a UV illumination system of said medium, said illumination system comprising a plane lamp.
- VOC concentration When operating the PCO system in a polluted VOC atmosphere, the concentration of these VOCs can be quite important at the beginning of operation. This high concentration of VOC may result in the undesired formation of intermediate compounds (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone) also harmful as a result of the operation of the PCO system according to the invention. Therefore, it is recommended, in case of VOC concentration assumed to be important, to start the operation of the PCO system according to the invention in attenuated mode, either by reducing the UV power, or by reducing the gas flow, or both. . After a while, when the VOC concentration is lower, the operating power can be increased.
- An attenuated UV illumination (for a start of operation) is for example less than 8 and even less than 7.5 mW / cm 2 .
- An attenuated gas flow rate is, for example, less than 60% and even 50% of the nominal gas flow rate.
- Table 5 gives the concentrations of certain VOCs routinely measured in living rooms. These values are the results of several hundred measurements.
- the right column "critical concentration" of Table 5 indicates, as an indication, the concentrations from which it is recommended to reduce the operation of the PCO scrubber according to the invention, by reducing the gas flow therethrough and / or by reducing the UV intensity illuminating the PCO media.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for purifying gas using a purifier comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or not) and a UV illumination system of said medium, so that when the concentration of a compound in the gas is greater than a value V1, the operation rate of the purifier is lower than its regime when the concentration of the compound in the gas is less than a value V2, V2 being less than or equal to V1 .
- formaldehyde very common impurity
- the operating regime can be increased when the formaldehyde concentration is less than 30 ⁇ g / m3.
- the scrubber can be operated with a reduced operating regime when the formaldehyde concentration is greater than a value V1 of between 0.3 and 80 ⁇ g / m3 and then increase the operating regime when the formaldehyde concentration is lower. at a value V2 of between 0.3 and 80 ⁇ g / m3, V2 being less than or equal to V1.
- the purifier according to the invention is advantageously provided with an organovolatil compound analyzer.
- the purifier can operate in a fully automated manner according to the contents of organovolatil compound transmitted by the analyzer: strong regime when the content is below a certain value, low regime when the content is greater than a certain value.
- the invention also relates to a gas purifier (generally air) comprising a filtering medium with photocatalytic action (according to the invention or no) comprising means for varying the flow of gas therethrough or (which means and / or) varying the intensity of the UV illumination.
- the scrubber may comprise an organo-volatile compound analyzer and means for automatically adjusting the speed of the gas flowing through it or adjusting the intensity of the UV illumination as a function of the volatile organic compound content analyzed by the analyzer.
- the purifier can analyze incoming or outgoing gas, but generally analyzes the incoming gas.
- the following operating mode can be given, according to which, above a content C1 in a VOC, the device operates in reduced mode. Above a C1 content in a VOC, the analyzer gives a signal 1 which enters a regulator, which is programmed to transform this signal 1 into an output setpoint 1 according to a mathematical formula, said instruction then attacking a variator speed controller which controls the speed (reduced) of the fan drive motor of the scrubber, said fan causing a flow D1 (moderate) of gas through the scrubber.
- the analyzer After a certain time of operation at this reduced speed and when the concentration in the gas at said VOC decreases below C2 (C2 being less than C1), then the analyzer gives a signal 2 to the regulator, which is programmed to transform this signal 2 output setpoint 2 according to a mathematical formula, said instruction then attacking the speed controller which controls the speed (high) of the drive motor of the fan of the purifier, said fan causing a flow D2 (high) of gas through the scrubber.
- the adjustment of the gas velocity and / or light intensity can also be simply modulated as a function of time. For example when starting a purifier in a room with pollutants, it is recommended to work with a low gas velocity and / or low UV illumination for example for 2 hours, the time to have sufficiently purified the room, then to go into rated mode. Such a system avoids forming by-products for example at the start of the purifier.
- the scrubber can therefore comprise a delay means (that is to say a means measuring or determining the time or triggering a device after a certain time) to control the moderate or stronger regime of the scrubber .
- the purifier may therefore comprise a delay means and a means for automatically adjusting the speed of the gas passing through it and / or adjusting the intensity of the UV illumination as a function of time determined by the delay means.
- This time-based system can be used when a peak of pollution is detected by a system that may or may not be independent of the scrubber, such as information communicated to the radio, to put the system in mode to reduced diet (low gas velocity and / or low UV illumination) for a predefined time, the stronger purification regime then automatically starting at the end of the predefined time.
- the control chain including a timed relay gives a setpoint 1 of reduced operation for a duration 1 to a speed controller, which gives the instruction of speed 1 to the drive motor of the fan turbine to cause a flow D1 (reduced) gas through the scrubber.
- the control chain including the delayed relay gives a higher speed operating setpoint 2 to the speed controller, which gives the speed setpoint 2 to the fan motor of the fan motor. cause a D2 (stronger) flow of gas through the scrubber
- FIG. 1 very schematically represents the structure of a PCO purifier according to the invention, containing two layers 2 of PCO media.
- the gas flow is represented by thick arrows, the left arrow representing the incoming gas, the right arrow representing the outgoing gas.
- UV lamps 3 Between the two layers 2 of PCO media are placed UV lamps 3.
- a fan 5 ensures the circulation of air. All these elements are placed in a stainless steel box 1.
- the distance 4 between the UV lamp and the media can be 20 mm.
- Such a purifier could also include a pre-particle filter from the air inlet, that is to say placed to the left of the first PCO media.
- FIG. 2 represents the structure of a PCO purifier according to the invention, containing a single PCO 2 media layer.
- the airflow is represented by thick arrows.
- a UV lamp 3 illuminates the media 2.
- a fan 5 ensures the circulation of air. All these elements are placed in a stainless steel box 1.
- the distance 4 between the UV lamp and the media can be 20 mm.
- Such a purifier could also include a pre-particle filter from the air inlet, that is to say placed to the left of the first PCO media.
- FIG. 3 shows PCO filter modules in which the PCO medium has a V or W shape.
- the module comprises a generally metallic envelope 6 (stainless steel, galvanized steel or aluminum) containing a particle pre-filter 7, a UV lamp 8, a cassette 9 with photo-catalytic media, hinged or not.
- the cassette is entered in the assembly by an opening 10.
- an articulated cassette can be retracted straight into the module through the opening 10 (FIG. 3c) and then folded in a V fashion thanks to the hinge 11 (see FIG.
- the cassette may comprise three joints 12 to take a shape in W as in Figure 3b.
- Figures 4 to 13 show the results of purification of the air polluted by various molecules through a media according to the invention.
- Figures 4 to 1 1 correspond to the results of Examples 24 to 31 and Figures 12 and 13 correspond to the results of Examples 33 and 34.
- Figure 14 shows the principle of illumination of the filter media through several light guides (for example optical fibers) fed to the PCO reactor 15.
- FIG. 14 a) it can be seen that, starting from the UV light source 13, several light guide strands 14 bring the light into the reactor 15 in order to illuminate the PCO media.
- FIG. 14 b we see the distribution of the arrival of eight light guides 14 on the section of the reactor 15 so as to distribute the energy
- FIG. 15 represents the principle of illuminating the filter medium via a single light guide (for example optical fiber) fed to the PCO reactor 21.
- a single strand 17 of light guide brings the UV light into the reactor 21.
- the light guide passes through the media 18 to the illumination point 19 at the end of the light guide.
- This strand then illuminates a mirror 20 provided with a suitable curvature and the UV light is reflected (arrows) by this mirror as homogeneously as possible in the reactor towards the media 18.
- FIG. 16 represents the principle of the illumination of several PCO media contained in several PCO reactors 22, through light guides (for example optical fibers) 23 connected to a single UV generator 24.
- the illumination device is centralized vis-à-vis several reactors PCO. This makes it possible to have a single UV generation zone relayed by a light guide illumination system of different PCO media. This system avoids the need to have multiple sources.
- Felt pens are made in the following manner. Fused silica rods of diameter 4.4 mm are drawn in an oxy-propane burner to bring them to a filament diameter of 0.2 mm. This filament is then re-stretched by flame-stretching in a second burner to obtain an average diameter of 9 microns and projected onto a mat or a receiving drum. The speed of the drum is adjusted in such a way as to obtain the surface densities of the felts shown in the table below (2nd table). The felt obtained is then impregnated with the preparation obtained by the recipe indicated in Table 6 below:
- the impregnated felt then undergoes heat treatment in the conditions of Table 4 already seen above.
- the final media obtained has a surface mass after impregnation of about 120 g / m 2 , an apparent thickness of 20 mm, and its titanium oxide content is of the order of 20% by weight (except case No. 1: no of catalyst and No. 2: less than 4% of catalyst).
- Measurements to evaluate the powder coating tendency are then made from samples of 100 x 100 mm 2 of PCO media. Samples are placed in a FRITSH / Labogerdebau type sieve for 30 minutes with an amplitude of 4 (machine-specific value). At the end of 30 minutes, the residue is weighed and the loss of mass is related to 1 m 2 of substrate. The values are averaged over 5 samples. The results are reported in a comparative manner in Table 7. The results are expressed in "dusting”, that is to say the amount of powder formed per unit area of media (in mg / m 2 ), and in efficiency. PCO based on the "methanol test" already described above. This efficiency is expressed in the amount of oxidized methanol in ppm. In particular, test n ° 13 is excellent because it combines a very good PCO activity with a very low dusting.
- EXAMPLES 14 to 23 (oxidation of methanol) A reactor consisting of a stainless steel body inside which is placed a media disc with a diameter of 47 mm is used. In the upper part of the reactor UV illumination HPK 125 W is carried out through a silica slot. The illumination power is adjusted by adjusting the distance lamp Media. A power of 5 mW / cm 2 at 365 nm (media) of UV measured at the media level is used. Upstream of the reactor, a constant flow of filtered air containing 300 ppm of methanol is introduced at a rate of 350 ml / min. Downstream of the reactor after PCO treatment, the concentration of methanol is measured by gas chromatography.
- Fused silica rods of diameter 4.4 mm are drawn in an oxy-propane burner to bring them to a filament diameter of 0.2 mm.
- This filament is then re-stretched by flame-stretching in a second burner to obtain an average diameter of 9 microns and projected onto a receiving drum.
- the speed of the drum is adjusted so as to obtain a weight per unit area of the felt of 80 g / m 2 .
- the felt is then impregnated according to the recipe in Table 9 below:
- the impregnated felt then undergoes heat treatment in the conditions of Table 4 already seen above.
- the filter media obtained has an apparent thickness of 20 mm.
- the felt has a total mass after impregnation of 120 g / m 2 , the titanium oxide content being 20% of the total mass of the media.
- the efficiency of the photocatalytic medium was measured by placing it in a PCO purifier with a flow rate of 130 m 3 / h, the frontal speed being 1 m / s, the illumination power received of 15 mW of UVC per cm 2 of media (these values were measured by a BIOBLOCK VLX-3W radiometer with a 254 nm probe).
- the enclosure is made of stainless steel and measures 1 m 3 .
- the purifier is made of stainless steel. It is equipped with 3 Philips TUV lamps 36 W placed at 20 mm from the PCO media. The media area is 270X420 mm 2 .
- the PCO purifier contains one or two media as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The fan is placed behind the PCO filter (s).
- a mixture of pollutant is introduced into the chamber at a rate of 1,951 / min.
- This mixture consists of benzene, toluene, o-xylene, decane, limonene and formaldehyde.
- New filtered air is introduced at a rate of 21 l / min and an output system pumps 23 l / min of the atmosphere to simulate the rate of renewal of fresh air existing in any construction.
- an output system pumps 23 l / min of the atmosphere to simulate the rate of renewal of fresh air existing in any construction.
- UV illumination rates not too much and moderate flow rates in order to increase the reaction time within the substrate and to allow more complete oxidation of the organic compounds (which includes any unwanted intermediate compounds) within the substrate.
- UV Max - maximum UV illumination
- UV / 2 - Maximum UV illumination divided by 2 UV min: - UV illumination received 2 mW / cm 2 .
- EXAMPLE 32 (Ozone) Cast silica rods of diameter 4.4 mm are drawn in an oxy-propane burner to bring them to a filament diameter of 0.2 mm. This filament is then re-stretched by flame-stretching in a second burner in order to obtain a mean diameter of 9 ⁇ m and projected onto a receiving drum. The The speed of the drum is adjusted so as to obtain a weight per unit area of the felt of 65 g / m 2 . The product is then impregnated with the preparation obtained according to the recipe of Table 10 below:
- the impregnated felt then undergoes heat treatment in the conditions of Table 4 already seen above.
- the filter media obtained has an apparent thickness of 20 mm.
- the felt has a total mass after impregnation of 100 g / m 2 , the titanium oxide content being 20% by weight of the total weight of the media.
- the purifier was that described in Examples 24 to 31, provided with 2 media.
- test conditions were as follows:
- Quartzel brand fused silica felts registered trademark of Saint-Gobain Quartz SAS
- mass per unit area 65 g / m 2 (media mass 100 gr / m 2 )
- Molten silica rods 5.5 mm in diameter are drawn into an oxy-propane burner to bring them to a filament diameter of 0.2 mm.
- This filament is then re-stretched by flame-stretching in a second burner in order to obtain a mean diameter of 9 ⁇ m and projected onto a receiving drum.
- the speed of the drum is adjusted so as to obtain a weight per unit area of the felt of 50 g / m 2.
- the felt is then impregnated with the preparation made according to the recipe of Table 1 1 below:
- the impregnated felt then undergoes heat treatment in the conditions of Table 4 already seen above.
- the filtering medium obtained has a thickness apparent 20 mm.
- the felt has a total mass after impregnation of 85 g / m 2 , the titanium oxide content being 20% of the total weight of media.
- the media is then placed in a purifier identical to that described for Examples 24 to 31 (a single PCO medium) with the following parameters: Nominal flow rate in the purifier: 130 m 3 / h;
- UV illumination received: 15 mW / cm 2 .
- the purifier to be tested is placed in an enclosure of one m 3 Plexiglas. Prior to the test, the chamber is purged with ultra pure air and humidified to eliminate the presence of pollutant before the introduction of the mixture of model molecules.
- a liquid mixture of the different pollutants is introduced through a septum via a syringe into a glass weighing shoe.
- Two mixtures were tested, one containing propionaldehyde, heptane, acetone, toluene, acetaldehyde, ethylene, styrene, o-xylene (Example 33) and the other containing toluene, heptane, butyraldehyde, acetone, methoxyethanol (Example 34).
- the concentration of the various compounds is of the order of ppmv.
- the CO 2 monitoring is done by a gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector ( ⁇ GC-TCD), the other pollutants are analyzed by a gas chromatograph equipped with a photoionization detector (PID) ).
- the PID is used to analyze ionizable organo-volatile compounds (VOCs) in the ppbv range.
- VOCs ionizable organo-volatile compounds
- the possible presence of degradation by-products in the gas phase is detected by adsorption on an adsorbent cartridge (flow rate 100 ml / min, time 20 minutes) followed by a thermal desorption analysis coupled to a gas chromatograph and detection by spectrometry of mass. The results are reported in FIGS. 12 and 13.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2010519493A JP5551592B2 (ja) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | 光触媒フィルター用媒体 |
CN2008801023111A CN101861205B (zh) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | 包含光催化过滤器的净化器 |
US12/672,136 US8048391B2 (en) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Purifier comprising a photocatalytic filter |
CA2695317A CA2695317A1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Epurateur comprenant un filtre photocatalytique |
MX2010001508A MX2010001508A (es) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Purificador que comprende un filtro fotocatalitico. |
EP08827099A EP2175993A1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Epurateur comprenant un filtre photocatalytique |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0757000 | 2007-08-08 | ||
FR0757000A FR2919811B1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2007-08-08 | Media pour filtre photocatalytique |
Publications (1)
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WO2009019388A1 true WO2009019388A1 (fr) | 2009-02-12 |
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ID=39415044
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PCT/FR2008/051357 WO2009019388A1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Epurateur comprenant un filtre photocatalytique |
PCT/FR2008/051356 WO2009019387A2 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Media pour filtre photocatalytique |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2008/051356 WO2009019387A2 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-17 | Media pour filtre photocatalytique |
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US (2) | US8617300B2 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP2175992A2 (fr) |
JP (3) | JP5551592B2 (fr) |
KR (2) | KR20100087074A (fr) |
CN (2) | CN101861205B (fr) |
CA (2) | CA2695314A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2919811B1 (fr) |
MX (2) | MX2010001513A (fr) |
WO (2) | WO2009019388A1 (fr) |
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- 2008-07-17 MX MX2010001513A patent/MX2010001513A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-07-17 KR KR1020107004943A patent/KR20100087074A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-07-17 CN CN2008801023111A patent/CN101861205B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-17 US US12/672,211 patent/US8617300B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2008-07-17 CA CA2695314A patent/CA2695314A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-17 CA CA2695317A patent/CA2695317A1/fr not_active Abandoned
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- 2008-07-17 EP EP08827099A patent/EP2175993A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-17 KR KR1020107004944A patent/KR20100074120A/ko active IP Right Grant
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Cited By (7)
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WO2011148093A1 (fr) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-12-01 | Saint-Gobain Quartz S.A.S | Procede et dispositif de purification de l'air |
US20130118995A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2013-05-16 | Uvcleaning Systems, Inc. | Solar-activated photochemical purification of fluids |
EP2959921A1 (fr) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Système de purification d'air à photocatalyseur avec diodes électroluminescentes ultraviolettes actionnées avec un cycle de travail |
US9662626B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-05-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Photocatalyst air purification system with ultraviolet light emitting diodes operated with a duty cycle |
US10180248B2 (en) | 2015-09-02 | 2019-01-15 | ProPhotonix Limited | LED lamp with sensing capabilities |
EP3705797A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-09 | Seb S.A. | Appareil de purification de l'air par photocatalyse comprenant des fibres optiques |
FR3093554A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-11 | Seb S.A. | Appareil de purification de l’air par photocatalyse comprenant des fibres optiques |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101855016A (zh) | 2010-10-06 |
CA2695314A1 (fr) | 2009-02-12 |
CN101861205A (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
MX2010001508A (es) | 2010-06-01 |
US8617300B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
JP5551592B2 (ja) | 2014-07-16 |
CN101855016B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
JP2010535614A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
WO2009019387A2 (fr) | 2009-02-12 |
US8048391B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
FR2919811B1 (fr) | 2010-10-15 |
EP2175993A1 (fr) | 2010-04-21 |
KR20100074120A (ko) | 2010-07-01 |
CN101861205B (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
WO2009019387A3 (fr) | 2009-06-04 |
JP2015171717A (ja) | 2015-10-01 |
EP2175992A2 (fr) | 2010-04-21 |
JP2010535615A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
FR2919811A1 (fr) | 2009-02-13 |
MX2010001513A (es) | 2010-06-17 |
US20110064638A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
JP5864101B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
US20120063958A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
KR20100087074A (ko) | 2010-08-03 |
CA2695317A1 (fr) | 2009-02-12 |
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