WO2008025922A2 - Procede et dispositif d'etablissement et de controle d'un serrage hydraulique d'un ou de plusieurs boulons - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif d'etablissement et de controle d'un serrage hydraulique d'un ou de plusieurs boulons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008025922A2 WO2008025922A2 PCT/FR2007/051832 FR2007051832W WO2008025922A2 WO 2008025922 A2 WO2008025922 A2 WO 2008025922A2 FR 2007051832 W FR2007051832 W FR 2007051832W WO 2008025922 A2 WO2008025922 A2 WO 2008025922A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tensioner
- rod
- rods
- clamping
- prestressing
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B29/00—Accessories
- B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
- B23P19/067—Bolt tensioners
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/06—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using mechanical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
- Y10T29/497—Pre-usage process, e.g., preloading, aligning
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
- Y10T29/49948—Multipart cooperating fastener [e.g., bolt and nut]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53022—Means to assemble or disassemble with means to test work or product
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of bolt clamping by cold prestressing, and in particular to a method for controlling the preloading of the bolt shank after clamping.
- the invention also relates to a device for implementing such a method.
- Bolts including a rod, screw or stud type, and one or more nuts, are used to assemble several pieces of a structure. It is known, to obtain a quality tightening, to extend a clamping rod with a hydraulic cylinder, then to dock a clamping nut against the parts to be tightened without exerting significant torque then release the extension force on the rod. The released rod tends to recover its length at rest, but, being blocked by the nut, it exerts a clamping force on the parts to be clamped. Such a prestressing method avoids tightening a nut by applying a screwing torque.
- Unintentional loosening of only one of the many bolts impacts other bolts and may cause buckling and straining on the flange, causing other bolts to exceed their resilient strength. This can cause, by phenomenon of dominoes, a deterioration of the whole fixation. Often, given the uncertainties of tightening, especially when it is torque tightening that is used, oversizes bolts and nuts. This does not improve the accuracy of the tightening. This increases the dimensions and mass of the assembly, which is particularly disadvantageous for equipment to be assembled at great height.
- the document FR 2 841 304 describes a device comprising an annular plate equipped with a plurality of circumferentially distributed hydraulic devices. This device allows a global clamping of a plurality of threaded rods distributed around a circular flange, for example. At the same time, a tension is applied to all the threaded rods, the tightening nuts are accosted to a workpiece to be tightened on each of the rods, and the tension is released simultaneously. Simultaneous power-up is particularly useful for clamping circular flanges where the number of bolts to be tightened is very high. Simultaneous tensioning of the bolts avoids the alternate tightening of each bolt in multiple steps.
- the document FR 2 871 231 (SKF) describes a method for controlling the residual voltage in a useful part of a screw-type rod or stud delimited by a nut. This check takes place after the rod has been tensioned by axial extension, the nut is docked and the rod is released.
- This control method consists of carrying out lengthening measurements of the rod as a function of the extension force.
- the disadvantage of this control method is that it is individual for a given bolt and that it requires retensioning the rod specifically for the control operation.
- This document also cites another method of control, using bolts pegged to determine the residual elongation of the bolt shank after loosening.
- a reference rod is placed in a machined axial passage in the center of the bolt to be controlled.
- the difference in position between the top of the pin and the top of the bolt is compared before and after tightening by means of a probe.
- This method is expensive, limited to the individual control of the rods and most often requires disassembly of the tensioning device to proceed to the control step.
- Another method is to place before and after prestressing an ultrasonic probe on the bolt rod. This method requires specialized personnel and must be applied on every bolt. This is expensive.
- Another method is to equip the bolts with a sensor washer capable of measuring the forces in the bolt. This control means remains permanently on the bolt to control.
- DE 28 46 668 discloses an elongation measuring instrument for a stud clamping device.
- the stud has an axial bore traversed by a measuring rod.
- the measuring rod is abutted by its end on a nut fixed in the lower part of the stud.
- An elongation measuring instrument is placed at the top of the rod and bears on the upper face of the stud.
- Such a method of controlling the prestressing has the disadvantage of depending on specific studs which must be equipped with a measuring rod passing through them. This reduces the useful section of the stud (s). It is desirable to be able to control the prestressing established in one or more standard studs.
- the invention provides a method and a device for establishing and controlling the clamping preload of at least one rod which overcomes at least one of the above problems.
- An object of the invention is to enable rapid control, and to ensure the detection of standard rods insufficiently prestressed.
- the method and the control device of the invention are intended in particular to control the preload of standard rods or studs, or to avoid having to retighten the rod specifically for the control, or to disassemble the prestressing device, or to use after the establishment of prestressing an expensive control means.
- the method and the control device of the invention are intended to be compatible with a method of simultaneous establishment of the prestressing of the bolt rods and aims at a global control of the bolts. set of stems.
- the invention relates to a method for establishing and controlling the axial prestressing of a clamping portion of at least one screw or stud type rod.
- the establishment of the prestress comprises a step of energizing an extension portion of the rod comprising the clamping portion, with the aid of a gripping member of the rod and a tensioner.
- the control method comprises a step where, before establishing the prestressing, the tensioner is brought into a rest configuration and the gripping member is docked against the tensioner in the rest configuration and a step where, after establishing the prestress, the tensioner is returned to the said rest configuration and the tensioner is slid into the rest configuration towards one of the ends of the extension portion and, compared to a threshold, the difference between the initial length and the final length is compared of the extension portion.
- the setting of the voltage prestressing can be done for example by hydraulic tensioning.
- we used to control the prestressing of the rod organs which are necessary to establish the prestressing to be controlled.
- the idler rest configuration serves as a control, after establishing the prestress, of what was initially the length of the extension portion.
- the ends of the extension portion are connected to the tensioner by a chain of force transmission members which, thanks to the docking, is without initial play.
- the gripping member remains fixed at the same place on the rod to be controlled. Due to the prestressing of the clamping portion, the extension portion is elongated. Returning to the rest configuration, a game appears in the chain of transmission members of efforts.
- this game appears in one place for each rod to control.
- This game is directly representative of the tightening stress.
- the phases of establishment of the prestressing and its control are strongly integrated. The duration of the control is reduced and can take place any time after the establishment of the prestressing. It is not necessary to disassemble the prestressing means so that, if the control result causes an insufficiently prestressed rod to appear, it is possible to provoke this prestress again and to control it again. It is not necessary to use complex control means in their implementation such as ultrasound probes or expensive means such as bolts drawn.
- the difference between the final length and the initial length of the extension portion of each rod is measured. Measuring the difference in length experienced by each extension portion of the rods, allows to know the value of the axial prestressing and to identify if a rod has been insufficiently or too prestressed.
- the method is intended for the control of at least two rods each comprising a clamping portion of the same length.
- the rod with the smallest difference between the final length and the corresponding initial length is identified so as to identify the minimum prestressing rod. This allows an operator to go more specifically to check a rod, to detect an anomaly.
- the method is intended to control the clamping preload of at least three parallel rods comprising clamping portions of the same length.
- the establishment of prestressing uses gripping members of the rods located at one end of the extension portions of the rods, the relative positions of the other ends of the extension portions not being modified by the establishment of the prestressing.
- the control method comprises a step where, before establishing the prestressing, the gripping members are approached on a reference surface of the tensioner in the initial position and a step, after establishment of the prestress, where the reference surface is plastered into a end position against at least three of the gripping members, and measuring, in at least three measuring points, the distance between the initial position and the final position of the reference surface.
- This variant has the advantage of a global control of all the stems in a single sequence. With a set of three sensors, for example, one can control the elongation of a multitude of studs tightened simultaneously. This is particularly interesting for flange clamps using many bolts.
- this relates to a device for establishing and controlling the axial prestressing of at least one rod during clamping of a workpiece.
- the device comprises, for the rod to be controlled, a gripping member located on the rod and a tensioner provided with a body and a piston.
- the tensioner comprises a bearing surface of the piston against a surface complementary to the gripping member and a bearing surface of the tensioner body against a complementary surface of the workpiece to be clamped, said tensioner having a rest configuration in which the bearing surfaces are fixed relative to each other and intended, out of the rest configuration, to be under tension the rod.
- the device comprises a means for plating one of the bearing surfaces of the tensioner against the corresponding complementary surface and a means for comparing the distance between the other bearing surface of the idle tensioner and the corresponding complementary surface, a threshold.
- the tensioning means of the tensioner makes it possible to feel the final length between the two complementary surfaces.
- the comparison means compares the difference between the final and initial lengths separating the two complementary surfaces to a threshold representing insufficient elongation.
- the plating means may for example consist of pneumatic cylinders or spring devices and the comparison means of inductive or potentiometric displacement sensors.
- the plating means is chosen according to the forces involved so that its action comes to introduce only minute deformations.
- the accuracy of the measuring means is determined according to the accuracy required for measuring the preload of the bolt rods.
- the plating means is able to press one of the bearing surfaces of the tensioner against the corresponding complementary surface, while leaving the gripping member fixed relative to the rods.
- the tensioner comprises a hydraulic cylinder.
- the device is intended for simultaneous control of the clamping preload of a plurality of parallel rods on clamping portions of the same length.
- the device comprises a tensioner body common to the rods to be controlled and a plurality of pistons corresponding to the rods.
- the measuring means is capable of measuring, in at least three measuring points, the distance between the bearing surface of the body of the tensioner and the workpiece to be clamped.
- the device comprises a calculating means adapted to locate, as a function of the at least three measured distances, the least stretched rod.
- the tensioner has a rest configuration where the pistons corresponding to the rods to be controlled are immobilized by internal stops of the tensioner body, a reference surface of the tensioner being defined by the plurality of bearing surfaces of the pistons at rest; the gripping members of the rods to be controlled being intended to be approached, before the establishment of the prestress, against the reference surface of the tensioner; the plating means being adapted, after establishment of the prestress, to press the reference surface of the tensioner against at least three contact gripping members.
- the tensioner body has an annular overall shape and in which the rods to be controlled are distributed around a circle and are parallel to the axis of the form. annular. This type of device is particularly advantageous for the clamping control of circular flanges.
- the support surface of the tensioner body on the workpiece has an overall shape of a crown; the plating means bearing on the workpiece to be clamped and being able to move the annular body of the tensioner at three support points distributed on the crown.
- This type of device takes advantage of the fact that the probability that there are two insufficiently prestressed rods, at two locations far from the crown is much lower than the probability of having a single rod insufficiently prestressed, and this even for a number high bolts.
- any inclination of the crown observed in a given direction is much more likely to come from a bolt insufficiently prestressed in said direction than several bolts causing, as a result, said inclination.
- the search for the bolts concerned is possible with the method of the invention and takes a little longer than when it is only a single bolt.
- FIG 1 is a section, along the plane I-I of Figure 6, a device for preloading and controlling the prestressing of a clamping rod of a circular flange. This section illustrates the device in rest configuration corresponding to an initial configuration before establishment of the prestressing of the rod;
- FIG 2 is a half-section of the device in extension configuration
- FIG 3 is a half-section of the device after docking the clamping nut
- FIG 4 is a half-section of the device after loosening of the rod
- FIG 5 is a half-section of the device after pressing the tensioner against the gripping members
- FIG 6 is a top view of the device.
- FIG 7 is a schematic representation of the movements of the support surface of the tensioner body and the reference surface of the tensioner during the overall control and prestressing operations of the plurality of rods.
- a circular flange 1 of axis 2 is fixed on a frame 3 by a plurality of studs 4, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1, and by clamping nuts 5 corresponding to each stud 4.
- a tensioner 6 comprises a tensioner body 7 and as many pistons 8 as studs 4 to tighten.
- the tensioner 6 is a rigid assembly comprising as many unit tensioners as studs to be tightened.
- Each unit tensioner comprises a cylinder and a piston 8.
- the prestressing control and setting device also comprises a gripping means 9 for each of the bolts 4 to be tightened, and for each hexagonal tightening nut 5, a docking wheel 10 pressed against the tightening nut. 5 by a spring 11 and driven by a drive wheel 12 and a docking motor 13.
- the device also comprises a plating and measuring means 14.
- the tensioner body 7 has an annular shape with the same axis 2 as the circular flange 1 to be clamped, and rests on the circular flange 1 by a bearing surface 15 in the overall shape of a ring.
- the tensioner body 7 comprises a plurality of housings 16, each having a shape of revolution about an axis intended to coincide with the axis of the rods of each of the studs 4 and perpendicular to the bearing surface 15.
- the housings 16 comprise along their axis a proximal cavity 17 located axially close to the bearing surface
- a bore 18 located axially in a central portion and a bore 19 located axially in a distal portion of the tensioner body 7, concentric with the bore 18 and connected to the bore 18 by a shoulder 20.
- the bore 19 is larger in diameter than the bore 18.
- the tensioner body 7 also comprises a radial duct 21, opening into the housing 16 near the shoulder 20.
- the piston 8 has two outer diameters 18a and 19a fitted to the bores 18 and 19, and a shoulder 20a corresponding to the shoulder 20.
- the outer diameters 18a and 19a comprise grooves provided with seals 22, situated axially from both sides of the conduit 21 for receiving oil under pressure.
- Each piston 8 comprises an internal bore 23 and an axial bearing surface 24.
- the gripping means 9 has an internal thread 25, corresponding to the thread of a distal portion 4a of the stud 4.
- the gripping means 9 also comprises a flange 26 extending radially so as to rest on the bearing surface 24 by a complementary surface 26a of the flange 26.
- the gripping means 9 also comprises a guide diameter 27, intended to cooperate with the bore 23 of the piston 8.
- the device comprises at least three plating and measuring means 14, located on an inner side 7a of the tensioner body 7 and distributed equidistantly around the ring that forms the tensioner body 7 (visible in Figure 6).
- the means 14, illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a cavity 28, a piston 29 and an optical reading device 30.
- the cavity is connected to a pneumatic conduit by a channel 31 opening into the cavity 28.
- the piston 29 is provided in a part protruding from the cavity 28, etched gratings 32 detectable by the optical reading device 30.
- the measuring means may comprise analog dial comparators. These comparators are cheap, are not connectable to a means of calculation and are suitable for a small number of bolts to control.
- the bolt 4 has a base thread 4b, intended to be force-screwed into the frame 3, a smooth portion 4c passing through the circular flange 1 and a second thread 4d comprising a proximal portion 4e close to the bearing surface of the body 15. and intended to receive the nut 5 and the distal portion 4a for receiving the gripping means 9.
- the clamping nut 5 is of cylindrical shape, provided for example with six radial holes. An operator threads in one of the radial holes an end head of a trigger key. The operator screws the clamping nut 5 one sixth of a turn and searches for the next radial hole until the key is released. The key makes it possible to proceed to the docking of the nut 5 reproducibly without introducing torsional stress into the rod 4.
- the cylindrical nut may alternatively be provided with teeth or notches for a motorized approach.
- the plating means is integrated in the body 7 of the tensioner 6.
- the measuring means 30, of the inductive type for example, is dissociated from the plating means.
- the device is then brought into an initial configuration ( Figure 1), wherein the tensioner 6 is brought into a rest configuration where all the shoulders 20a of each of the pistons 8 are in contact with the shoulder 20 of the body 7 tensioner.
- Each of the gripping members 9 is screwed onto the distal portion of the corresponding pin 4 until the flange 26 is in contact with the bearing surface 24 of the corresponding piston 8.
- the piston 29 of each of the plating and measuring means 14 is brought into a retracted position inside the cavity
- the bearing surfaces 15 and 24 of the tensioner 6 are in contact with each other. with the corresponding complementary surfaces and no studs 4 do not undergo axial stresses.
- the stud 4 then has an extension portion 33 intended to be stretched, extending in a first approximation from the gripping means 9 to the frame 3.
- the extension portion 33 has an initial length " Li.
- pressurized oil is then introduced through each of the ducts 21 between the shoulders 20 and 20a of each of the pistons. Thanks to the seals 22, the piston 8 moves away from the support plane 15 of the tensioner body 7 and at the same time raises the gripping means 9.
- the tension force to which the stud 4 is subjected is substantially constant between the two threaded ends 4a and 4b.
- the axial stress to which the material of the stud 4 is subjected decreases progressively inside the distal portion along the first threads of the thread 25. The same is true for the axial stress experienced by the base thread 4b of the stud 4.
- the stress decreases progressively from the first threads of the frame 3.
- the extension portion 33 has an extended length "Le".
- the docking motor 13 illustrated in FIG. 1, rotates the drive wheel 12, which meshes with a toothing of the docking wheel 10.
- the docking wheel 10 pivots about the axis of the stud 4 until a hexagonal housing 10a arrives angularly in coincidence with six complementary sections 5a of the clamping nut 5.
- the spring 1 1 pushes the docking wheel 10, which caps the clamping nut 5.
- the teeth of the drive wheel 12 slide along complementary toothings of the docking wheel 10.
- the torque exerted by the docking motor 13 makes it possible to drive the tightening nut 5 in rotation until the It engages the circular flange 1.
- the motor 13 is for example an electric motor, so that when the tightening nut 5 comes into contact with the circular flange 1, the friction of the nut on the flange
- each of the pistons 8 of the tensioner 6 returns to its initial position, immobilized by the contact between the shoulder 20a of the piston 8 and the corresponding shoulder 20 of the body 7 tensioner.
- the gripping means 9 remains attached to the distal portion 4a of the stud 4, slides in the bore 23 of the corresponding piston 8 and takes a final position "9f".
- the stud part 4 between the clamping nut 5 and the gripping means 9 is relaxed, while the part 4c of the stud 4 passing through the circular flange 1 is locked in the stretched state by the clamping nut 5.
- the extension portion 33 has a final length "Lf" after loosening, smaller than the extended length "Le”.
- This final length of the extension portion 33 is nevertheless longer than the initial length "Li" of this same extension portion 33, due to the tight state of a tightening portion 34 between the nut of 5 and the frame 3. If the bearing surface 15 of the tensioner 6 remains in contact with the frame 3, the distance between the bearing surface 24 of the piston 8 and the complementary surface 26a of the gripping means 9 is equal to the elongation that the clamping portion 34 has undergone during power-up.
- the elongation of the clamping portion 34 of a given stud can be directly measured by a sensor, which makes it possible to provide information on the residual axial prestress in the clamping portion 34.
- This variant imposes a measuring means or a measurement operation for each of the studs.
- the compression of the flange 1 by the nut 5 deforms the surface of the flange 1 on which the bearing surface 15 of the body of 7.
- the distance between the bearing surface 24 of the piston 8 and the complementary surface 26a of the gripping means 9 integrates the deformation of the flange 1 compressed at the location of the tensioner 7.
- this possible deformation of the flange 1, as well as any deformation of the tight structure are generally second order compared
- these deformations are known precisely, either by calculation or by initial experimentation. If the total value of these deformations is judged significant, this value can be systematically deduced from the measurements made so as to effectively measure the elongation of the clamping portion 34 of the rod 4.
- air under pressure is introduced into the cavity 28 to push the piston 29 so as to press the assembly of the tensioner towards the top of FIG. 5.
- the flange 1 has a constant thickness, so that the lengths "LS" of the clamping portions 34 of each of the studs 4 are substantially identical.
- the distance “Te” separating the bearing surface 15 from each of the bearing surfaces 24 of the pistons 8 resting on the shoulder 20 may vary as a function of the angular position ⁇ of the stud rod 4 considered, without affecting the accuracy of the control.
- the initial length "Lie” of the extension portion 33 of a given stud is equal to the sum of the length "LS" of the clamping portion 34 of this stud, plus the distance
- the distance "Te” is a distance taken in rest configuration. It is identical in initial configuration of rest before tensioning, and final configuration of rest after docking of the nut 5 and release of said rod.
- the set of bearing surfaces 24 of each of the pistons 8 at rest is distributed over a reference surface 35 which is fictitious and fixed with respect to the tensioner 6. Under the effect of the three plating means 14, the reference surface 35 becomes move with the tensioner 6.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the displacement of the bearing surface 15 and of the reference surface 35 during the phases of prestressing and overall control of the set of stud rods. 4.
- the surface 15 bears on the flange 1 and the surface 35 is in an initial position 35 i.
- the stud rods 4 are energized, the surface 35 moves in a position 35e parallel to the surface 15.
- the gripping members 9 are in a final position 9f and the surface 35 returns to the initial position 35i.
- the surface 15 is raised in position 15f and the surface 35 takes a plating position 35f, in which at least three surfaces 24 of the pistons 8 are in contact with three contact nuts 9c taken from the nuts in the final position 9f.
- a calculator calculates the lifting distance Se between the surface 15i and the surface 15 f at the location of each position ⁇ of the stud rods 4.
- the final length "Lfe" of the extension portion 33 is equal to the sum of the length LS of the clamping portion, plus the fixed distance Te of the tensioner 6 , and the calculated lifting distance Se.
- the final length "Lfe” is greater than the sum above.
- the device and the control method make it possible, with only three measurements, to determine a minimum extension experienced by each of the stud rods 4. If this extension is insufficient, the operator can restart a tensioning cycle, a new docking and a new one. control. In addition, the operator knows at what angular position is the rod with a potentially insufficient clamping and can observe a possible anomaly.
- the device has more than three plating and measuring means 14. This allows the calculation means to determine several possible values Se and to average them. If the number of measuring means 14 is sufficient, it is possible to get rid of a calculator. The rod likely to be insufficiently stretched is then located in the vicinity of the measuring means 14 corresponding to the smallest measured lifting distance.
- the plating means 28, 29, are dissociated from the measuring means 29, 30. There may be for example three plating means and eight measuring means.
- a pneumatic plating means is that its actuation can be interrupted and that the force involved remains low compared to the forces for tensioning the rods by hydraulic cylinders.
- any actuator is suitable, such as a foot driven by an electric motor or a spring with a device for arming and disarming. It is also possible to use hydraulic cylinders.
- the choice of a particular means of plating or measuring depends in particular on the size of the flange 1 to be clamped and especially on the horizontal or vertical position of the axis 2. If the distal portions 4a of the studs 4 are oriented towards the down, the gravity may be sufficient to press the tensioner at rest on the gripping members in the final position 9f.
- a means for plating the surface of the tensioner body 7 on the flange 1 may be necessary to ensure the initial docking of the gripping members 9 on the idler pistons 8 at rest.
- the part to be clamped is an assembly of a flange and a frame clamped between a screw head and a clamping nut 5.
- One of the advantages of the invention is that the measurement accuracy is independent of the quality of the initial docking of the gripping members 9 on the pistons 8 in the rest position.
- Another advantage of the invention is that the difference between the initial length and the final measured length is directly representative of the state of the tension in the clamping portion, and this independently of the flexibility of the retaining means that are the tightening nut 5, the threads 4b of the stud in the frame or screw head.
- the distances Se corresponding to each stud rod 4 can be measured or calculated between the end position surface 15 and the initial position surface 15, or between the end position surface 35f and the initial position surface 35i.
- the gripping members being of a much greater stiffness than that of the stud rod 4, the difference in length corresponds to the displacement between the initial and final configurations of the movable end 4a of the extension portion 33 of each stud stems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07823732.8A EP2057450B1 (fr) | 2006-09-01 | 2007-08-20 | Procede et dispositif d'etablissement et de controle d'un serrage hydraulique d'un ou de plusieurs boulons |
CN2007800324259A CN101512313B (zh) | 2006-09-01 | 2007-08-20 | 建立和控制一个或多个螺栓的液压夹具的方法和装置 |
JP2009526153A JP2010501875A (ja) | 2006-09-01 | 2007-08-20 | 一つもしくは複数のボルトの流体圧による緊締そして制御を行なう方法及び装置 |
US12/310,632 US8261421B2 (en) | 2006-09-01 | 2007-08-20 | Method for setting up and controlling a hydraulic tensioner for applying a preload on one or a plurality of bolts |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0607681A FR2905460B1 (fr) | 2006-09-01 | 2006-09-01 | Procede et dispositif de controle de serrage hydraulique d'un ou plusieurs boulons. |
FR0607681 | 2006-09-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008025922A2 true WO2008025922A2 (fr) | 2008-03-06 |
WO2008025922A3 WO2008025922A3 (fr) | 2008-04-17 |
Family
ID=37909566
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2007/051832 WO2008025922A2 (fr) | 2006-09-01 | 2007-08-20 | Procede et dispositif d'etablissement et de controle d'un serrage hydraulique d'un ou de plusieurs boulons |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8261421B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2057450B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2010501875A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20090060413A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101512313B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2905460B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008025922A2 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010112422A (ja) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ボルト締結方法及び装置 |
FR3037139A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-09 | Mz Intelligent Systems | Procede de serrage et de controle du serrage de boulons d'assemblage par tendeur hydraulique a instrumentation integree avec mise en oeuvre par module electronique de traitement et de calcul |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011097653A1 (fr) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-11 | Junkers John K | Appareil et procédés pour serrer des fixations filetées |
CN102918354B (zh) * | 2010-04-02 | 2015-12-02 | Skf公司 | 多双头螺栓张紧机及用于自动控制多个双头螺栓伸长的方法 |
JP2014234864A (ja) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-15 | 株式会社トラスト | 荷重測定計取り付け装置 |
US10500685B2 (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2019-12-10 | Tentec Limited | Tensioner |
DE102014219643A1 (de) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ringförmige Spannmutter für einen Zuganker |
CN104180986B (zh) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-06-22 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | 用于套管张紧器的负荷试验工装及含其的试验装置 |
US9889529B2 (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2018-02-13 | Riverhawk Company | System and method for preloading tension in a stud using an anti-seizure spacer for tapered thread connections |
JP6585527B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-15 | 2019-10-02 | ファナック株式会社 | ボルト締結方法 |
EP3257631A1 (fr) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-12-20 | Actuant Corporation | Dispositif tendeur et procédé de mise en tension d'une pièce à usiner |
CN106737347A (zh) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 马鞍山市三江机械有限公司 | 一种超行程报警拉伸器及其拉伸方法 |
DE102017119676A1 (de) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-02-28 | Frank Hohmann | Verfahren zum dokumentierten Anziehen oder Nachziehen einer Schraubverbindung |
JP2019090708A (ja) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-06-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 締結弛緩装置および締結弛緩方法 |
DE102017222444A1 (de) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Batteriemodul, Verfahren zum Betrieb desselben und dessen Verwendung |
ES2775069B2 (es) * | 2017-12-27 | 2021-06-23 | Nabrawind Tech Sl | Sistema de control del pretensado de pernos |
DE102018117256A1 (de) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | Frank Hohmann | Verfahren zum dokumentierten Anziehen oder Nachziehen einer Schraubverbindung |
GB2579578A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-07-01 | Tentec Ltd | Hydraulic tensioner and method of tensioning |
DE102018131305A1 (de) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-10 | Jörg Hohmann | Verfahren zum Anziehen von Schraubverbindungen |
JP6479249B1 (ja) | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-06 | 株式会社東日製作所 | 締付装置 |
JP6479248B1 (ja) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-06 | 株式会社東日製作所 | 締付装置 |
GB2580115B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-08-25 | Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh | Device for tensioning and tightening a screw |
CN110686821B (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-08-27 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | 螺母扭拉试验装置及其螺母扭拉试验工装 |
US12017332B2 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2024-06-25 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Bolt tensioning tool |
DE102020206480A1 (de) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-25 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Piezoelektrische Dehnungssensoreinheit für ein Wälzlager |
TWI755142B (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-02-11 | 盟立自動化股份有限公司 | 拆裝設備 |
CN115076205A (zh) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-20 | 东方电气风电股份有限公司 | 一种应用于风力发电机组油浸环境的新型螺栓防松方法 |
JP7496857B2 (ja) | 2022-07-28 | 2024-06-07 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ボルト部材の伸び量の調整方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2846668A1 (de) * | 1978-10-26 | 1980-06-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | Dehnungsmesseinrichtung fuer schraubenspannvorrichtungen, insbesondere bei reaktordruckbehaeltern |
FR2442436A1 (fr) * | 1978-11-23 | 1980-06-20 | Basily Basily | Dispositif dynamometrique annulaire |
FR2495320A1 (fr) * | 1980-12-02 | 1982-06-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | Dispositif de mesure de la pretension d'un goujon destine notamment a la fermeture d'un reservoir sous pression d'un reacteur |
FR2580742A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-18 | 1986-10-24 | Sealol | Procede et dispositif de serrage de boulonnerie |
FR2586098A1 (fr) * | 1985-08-07 | 1987-02-13 | Sealol | Dispositif de controle d'allongement a la traction de goujon |
US5257207A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1993-10-26 | Warren Richard P | Method for monitoring gasket compression during fastener tensioning |
DE4313778A1 (de) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-11-03 | Westfalia Becorit Ind Tech | Schraubenspannvorrichtung |
US6167764B1 (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2001-01-02 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Stud tensioning method |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3837694A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1974-09-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Hydraulic head closure mechanism |
DE2258859A1 (de) * | 1972-12-01 | 1974-06-12 | Masch Und Bohrgeraete Fabrik | Hydraulische spannvorrichtung |
US4047456A (en) * | 1974-12-17 | 1977-09-13 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Motor-driven screwing and transporting tool for reactor pressure vessel head retaining fastenings |
US3995828A (en) * | 1975-09-16 | 1976-12-07 | Biach Industries, Inc. | Bolt tensioning apparatus |
DE2749536C3 (de) * | 1977-11-03 | 1980-09-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muelheim | Anordnung zum Messen der Vorspannung eines insbesondere zum Verschluß eines Reaktordruckbehälters dienenden Schraubenbolzens |
DE2749538C3 (de) * | 1977-11-03 | 1980-09-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muelheim | Anordnung zum Messen der Vorspannung eines insbesondere zum Verschluß eines Reaktordruckbehälters dienenden Gewindebolzens |
DE2749537C3 (de) * | 1977-11-03 | 1980-09-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muelheim | Anordnung zum Messen der Vorspannung eines insbesondere zum Verschluß eines Reaktordruckbehälters dienenden Schraubenbolzens |
US4333351A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1982-06-08 | Raymond Engineering Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring the residual tension in a stud or a bolt |
JPS58106162U (ja) * | 1982-01-07 | 1983-07-19 | 井上 隆介 | ボルト緊締装置 |
JPS59155315U (ja) * | 1983-04-05 | 1984-10-18 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ボルト締付装置 |
GB2153946B (en) * | 1984-01-28 | 1987-10-14 | Hydra Tight Ltd | Hydraulic bolt tensioner |
JPS6130381A (ja) * | 1984-07-20 | 1986-02-12 | 株式会社東芝 | ボルトの締付け方法 |
US4773146A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1988-09-27 | Pilgrim Engineering Developments, Ltd. | Multi-stud tensioners |
US4604918A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1986-08-12 | Haskel, Inc. | Apparatus for applying tension to studs |
US4846444A (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1989-07-11 | Michael Vassalotti | Stud tensioning and tighetning apparatus |
JPH03204406A (ja) * | 1990-01-08 | 1991-09-06 | Hitachi Ltd | ボルト引張装置及び方法 |
JPH04176575A (ja) * | 1990-11-06 | 1992-06-24 | Hagiwara Denki Kk | ホルト締結装置及びホルト締結方法 |
US5690456A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1997-11-25 | Wedellsborg; Bendt W. | Apparatus for securing structural members together |
JP2001225231A (ja) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-21 | Toshiba Plant Kensetsu Co Ltd | フランジの締付方法および締付装置 |
FR2841304B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-20 | 2007-01-05 | Skf Ab | Dispositif de tension pour mise en precontrainte d'une tige et procede de tension associe |
US7066699B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2006-06-27 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Tensioning apparatus and method |
US6840726B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2005-01-11 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Tensioning apparatus and method |
FR2871231B1 (fr) | 2004-06-02 | 2006-09-15 | Skf Ab | Procede de controle de la mise sous tension d'une tige, du type vis ou goujon d'assemblage, et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procede |
DE102004043145B3 (de) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-05-18 | Hohmann, Jörg | Hydraulische Schraubenspannvorrichtung |
-
2006
- 2006-09-01 FR FR0607681A patent/FR2905460B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-08-20 CN CN2007800324259A patent/CN101512313B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-08-20 US US12/310,632 patent/US8261421B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-08-20 EP EP07823732.8A patent/EP2057450B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-08-20 KR KR1020097004704A patent/KR20090060413A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-08-20 JP JP2009526153A patent/JP2010501875A/ja active Pending
- 2007-08-20 WO PCT/FR2007/051832 patent/WO2008025922A2/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2846668A1 (de) * | 1978-10-26 | 1980-06-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | Dehnungsmesseinrichtung fuer schraubenspannvorrichtungen, insbesondere bei reaktordruckbehaeltern |
FR2442436A1 (fr) * | 1978-11-23 | 1980-06-20 | Basily Basily | Dispositif dynamometrique annulaire |
FR2495320A1 (fr) * | 1980-12-02 | 1982-06-04 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | Dispositif de mesure de la pretension d'un goujon destine notamment a la fermeture d'un reservoir sous pression d'un reacteur |
FR2580742A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-18 | 1986-10-24 | Sealol | Procede et dispositif de serrage de boulonnerie |
FR2586098A1 (fr) * | 1985-08-07 | 1987-02-13 | Sealol | Dispositif de controle d'allongement a la traction de goujon |
US5257207A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1993-10-26 | Warren Richard P | Method for monitoring gasket compression during fastener tensioning |
DE4313778A1 (de) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-11-03 | Westfalia Becorit Ind Tech | Schraubenspannvorrichtung |
US6167764B1 (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2001-01-02 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Stud tensioning method |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010112422A (ja) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ボルト締結方法及び装置 |
FR3037139A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-09 | Mz Intelligent Systems | Procede de serrage et de controle du serrage de boulons d'assemblage par tendeur hydraulique a instrumentation integree avec mise en oeuvre par module electronique de traitement et de calcul |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2057450B1 (fr) | 2016-04-13 |
US20100005663A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
CN101512313A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
CN101512313B (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
JP2010501875A (ja) | 2010-01-21 |
EP2057450A2 (fr) | 2009-05-13 |
KR20090060413A (ko) | 2009-06-12 |
WO2008025922A3 (fr) | 2008-04-17 |
FR2905460A1 (fr) | 2008-03-07 |
FR2905460B1 (fr) | 2009-08-07 |
US8261421B2 (en) | 2012-09-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2057450B1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif d'etablissement et de controle d'un serrage hydraulique d'un ou de plusieurs boulons | |
EP1751513B1 (fr) | Procede de controle de la mise sous tension d'une tige de boulon, du type vis ou goujon d'assemblage, et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procede | |
CA2913861C (fr) | Dispositif de fixation de deux pieces entre elles | |
FR2964167A1 (fr) | Bielle pour mecanisme aeronautique, et mecanisme aeronautique comprenant une telle bielle | |
FR2852879A1 (fr) | Cle a serrage controle | |
WO2017118960A1 (fr) | Système de serrage et de desserrage d'éléments de fixation et procédés de serrage et de desserrage associés | |
EP2827008A1 (fr) | Dispositif de serrage d'écrou | |
FR3039458A1 (fr) | Moyeu pour roue de cycle | |
FR2884745A1 (fr) | Outil macanique et procede pour deplacer des elements par rapport a un objet. | |
FR2923293A1 (fr) | Poulie a capteur d'effort integre. | |
EP0115457B1 (fr) | Frein à disque à étrier coulissant | |
FR2949138A1 (fr) | Turbomachine comportant des moyens d'anti-rotation d'un ecrou de palier | |
FR2911528A1 (fr) | Outil de vissage incluant un ou plusieurs capteurs de couple montes pour mesurer des deformations dans un plan perpendiculaire a un axe de revolution, et support de capteur correspondant | |
FR3071569A1 (fr) | Dispositif de blocage d'ecrou et ensemble de montage associe | |
FR2880572A1 (fr) | Dispositif pour poser et deposer une courroie et procede respectivement de pose et de depose d'une courroie | |
EP0767366A1 (fr) | Broche d'entraînement en rotation à montage rapide, et machine comportant une telle broche | |
FR2630032A1 (fr) | Appareil de montage pour anneaux de retenue | |
FR3012560A1 (fr) | Tensionneur pour le serrage et l'avancement controles d'un corps allonge, notamment pour une installation de depose de pipe-lines, d'ombilicaux ou de cables | |
EP1592534B1 (fr) | Dispositif de meulage de verres ophtalmiques comportant des moyens ameliores de serrage de l ebauche du verre a meuler | |
CA2987678A1 (fr) | Rotor d'etalonnage modulaire pour equilibreuse horizontale | |
FR3071570B1 (fr) | Dispositif de blocage d'ecrou et ensemble de montage associe | |
EP3688323A1 (fr) | Dispositif de blocage d'écrou et ensemble de montage associé | |
FR3001801A1 (fr) | Dispositif de mesure simultanee d'une force axiale exercee par une vis et du couple de vissage associe | |
FR2938615A1 (fr) | Reperes angulaires de serrage pour liaisons boulonnees | |
FR3081358A1 (fr) | Dispositif de bridage pour centrifugation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200780032425.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 07823732 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007823732 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12310632 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009526153 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020097004704 Country of ref document: KR |