Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
  • G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
  • G01K3/02—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values
  • G01K3/06—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values in respect of space

Definitions

• a temperature sensor is known from the publications EP 1435514 A2, JP 59171823 A, DE 10159869 A1 7 DE 2549619 A1, US 3623367, DE OS 21 57 029, GB 739694 and US 4265115.
• One task to be solved is to specify a sensor that is suitable for measuring physical parameters of an air flow.
• the carrier comprises a device for guiding an air flow to the sensing element.
• the probe can be used for any flowing medium, i. H. Gas or liquid can be used.
• the sensing element is preferably suitable for temperature detection.
• the sensing element can, for. B. be an uncapsulated or encapsulated NTC element.
• NTC stands for Negative Temperature Coefficient. Other temperature sensors are also possible.
• the sensing element is preferably a point probe, temperature integration possible by the air flow device is particularly advantageous for applications such as air conditioning systems which produce air flow components having different temperatures.
• the sensing element may also be suitable for measuring the moisture content or the content of an air flow component to be monitored.
• the sensor and in particular the carrier is preferably formed with respect to a plane which is perpendicular to the current direction and in which lies the longitudinal axis of the carrier, substantially mirror-symmetrical.
• the sensor has the same characteristics with regard to the flow conditions when the direction of flow is reversed.
• a mirror-symmetrical design of the sensor has an advantage, in particular, when two sensors must be arranged on opposite sides of an external carrier, for. B. in a vehicle heater in the driver's seat and passenger seat.
• the air flow can therefore be shielded at the air inlet by at least one shielding device.
• the shielding device contributes to the deflection of the airflow.
• the sensing element can by a shield, for. As a perpendicular to the direction of the shielding surface, be shielded from a direct flow of air flow.
• the measured transversely to the current direction of the input current linear cross-sectional size or width of the respective shielding device is preferably everywhere, d. H. for each location in the vertical direction, greater than the measured in this direction linear cross-sectional size or width of the sensing element.
• the temperature is preferably integrated within the sensor over the largest possible range or different, spaced-apart or interconnected, areas of the air stream.
• the flow components are collected over a large total area.
• the air channel formed in the sensor for conducting the air flow may have a narrow pass in the region of the sensing element, so that the components of the air flow collected over a large area can be mixed in a bottleneck formed in this way and evaluated with respect to their average temperature.
• the temperature is averaged at a non-homogeneous temperature distribution in the incoming air flow.
• the device for guiding the air flow directs the air flow to the sensing element.
• the original current direction is preferably changed by conduction or deflection.
• an open channel, a closed channel and / or deflection surfaces are suitable, by which the current direction is diverted.
• a closed channel is understood to be a cavity which, although accessible to the air flow through inlet and outlet openings, is surrounded on all sides by outer walls of the carrier in cross-section.
• An open channel is formed in an outer wall of the carrier formed, stretched in a preferred direction depression (groove).
• the device for guiding the air flow preferably comprises an air reservoir, which is suitable for mixing of different components of the air flow, the different physical parameters such. B. have temperature.
• the device for guiding the air flow is preferably suitable for temperature integration of the air flow.
• the device for guiding the air flow may have at least one constriction of the cross section, which is advantageous with regard to the mixing of flow components.
• the device for guiding the air flow may comprise at least one groove which extends on an outer side of the carrier.
• the air flow device may also include a channel having an open first region and a closed second region.
• the device for guiding the air flow preferably has an air inlet and an air outlet, which in a variant each comprise at least one opening or nozzle.
• the air inlet or outlet may also include a plurality of openings for the passage of the air stream.
• the air flow is preferably deflected by the device for guiding the air flow.
• a surface is suitable, the - u. a. for example, to form a constriction of the air reservoir - is inclined relative to a longitudinal direction of the carrier. This surface acts as an airflow reflector and is therefore called a reflector surface.
• the air reservoir preferably has a cross section which tapers in the direction of flow, that is to say towards the sensing element.
• the minimum distance between the air inlet and the Sensing element is preferably chosen to be the same size as that between the sensing element and the air outlet.
• the minimum distance between the air inlet and the sensing element is chosen larger in a further variant than that between the sensing element and the air outlet.
• the reflector surface may be formed as a funnel, in whose bottom region preferably an opening is arranged.
• the sensing element is arranged in this opening.
• the air outlet is preferably arranged in the vicinity of this opening.
• the longitudinal axis of the carrier is preferably transversely with respect to the direction of flow of the incoming air stream, d. H. perpendicular or oblique, not parallel, aligned.
• the carrier preferably comprises two boundary surfaces, between which the air reservoir is arranged, in which the air flow is guided from the air inlet to the sensing element and on to the air outlet.
• the sensing element, the air inlet and outlet and the devices for guiding the air flow are arranged between these boundary surfaces.
• the boundary surfaces are preferably the major surfaces of the carrier.
• the carrier is preferably formed as a housing for the sensing element.
• As material for the carrier in particular an electrically insulating plastic is suitable.
• the carrier is preferably mounted on a front side to a holder in which the sensing element is held in a variant.
• the sensing element is electrically contactable by means of connecting lines, which are preferably carried out by the holder and led out to the front side of the carrier.
• the holder may comprise an electrical plug connection. sen, in which the connecting leads of the sensing element are inserted and held by press fitting.
• the inlet and outlet openings are preferably formed in the lateral surface of the carrier. But they can also be arranged on a front side of the carrier.
• the inlet openings are preferably arranged on a first end side and the sensing element on a second end side of the carrier.
• the sensing element can also be arranged in a central region of the housing.
• the flow of the sensing element can be done from two different sides for detecting two partial flows of the air flow. Accordingly, at least one first and at least one second inlet opening may be present on two (in cross-section) opposite sides of the carrier.
• the air outlet is preferably provided jointly for both air streams.
• the cross section of the airflow at the inlet is the same size as at the outlet.
• the device for guiding the air flow is configured and the air inlet and outlet are positioned relative to this device such that the cross section of the air flow at the inlet is greater than at the outlet.
• At least two shielding surfaces are provided.
• at least one first shielding surface is arranged in the region of the inlet opening and at least one second shielding surface is arranged in the region of the outlet opening.
• the first and second shielding surfaces are mirror-symmetrical to one another.
• the respective shielding surface can in particular by a part, for. B. a side wall, the carrier may be formed.
• the shielding device may further comprise two curved shielding surfaces, between which the sensing element is arranged. An additional shielding can be formed by the encapsulation of the sensing element.
• all current components which flow around the sensing element are deflected at least once.
• the path of the current component from the inlet opening to the sensing element in the carrier or in the device for guiding the air flow is preferably greater than the minimum distance between the sensing element and the surface of the carrier. This distance is measured along the direction of the input current.
• the air inlet can be used to reduce the incoming air flow u.
• U. have multiple openings. These openings may be isolated from each other or connected by at least one narrow gap.
• the shielding of the sensing element by means of a grille formed on the air inlet is also possible.
• the carrier preferably comprises at least one body which has a deflection surface both on the side of the air inlet and on the side of the air outlet.
• the body thus has two mutually converging, mirror-symmetric deflection surfaces, which are preferably curved.
• the air channel is preferably relatively strong constricted in the region of the sensing element by the body of the wearer and by a bottom of the holder.
• the measured in the longitudinal direction of the carrier and perpendicular to the input current width of Air duct is preferably at most twice the height of the air duct.
• the height of the air duct is equal to the distance between the main surfaces of the carrier.
• the measured in the flow direction length of the constricted portion of the air duct is determined by the measured in this direction minimum distance between the deflection surfaces. This length is preferably at most a double linear cross-sectional size of the sensing element.
• a short length of the constricted region of the air channel has the advantage that the width of the carrier measured in the direction of flow can be selected to be particularly small.
• Figure 1 in cross section a sensor with a Beer Installations- channel
• Figure 2A in cross section a sensor with a device for deflecting the air flow
• FIG. 2B shows a perspective view from below of the sensor according to FIG. 2A;
• FIG. 3 shows in cross-section a sensor with a sensing element, which is arranged in the bottom region of a funnel for deflecting the air flow;
• FIG. 4A in cross section a sensor with interchangeable air inlet and outlet and a constricted air duct;
• FIG. 4B is a bottom perspective view of the sensor according to FIG. 4A;
• FIG. 4C in cross-section another sensor with interchangeable air inlet and outlet
• FIG. 5A shows in cross-section a sensor with interchangeable air inlet and outlet and a sensing element placed in the middle region of the carrier;
• FIG. 5B shows a perspective view from below of the sensor according to FIG. 5A.
• FIG. 1 shows a sensor with a sensing element 1 and a housing, which comprises a carrier 2 for the sensing element 1.
• the carrier 2 is attached to an end face on the holder 25.
• the holder 25 preferably comprises a plug connection. It is also possible that in the figure, not shown cable or connecting cables for K ⁇ ntakttechnik of the sensing element 1 are passed through the holder 25 therethrough.
• the sensor is electrically contactable by means of a plug 9.
• the plug 9 is used for electrical connection between the sensor and an external measuring circuit, with which the current generated by the sensor is detected and processed further.
• the plug 9 comprises contact elements 91, 92 for electrical contacting of connection lines of the sensing element 1.
• the base material of these contact elements preferably has a lower thermal conductivity than the connecting lines.
• the housing comprises an air reservoir 3, which is arranged between the inner surface of the carrier 2 and two UmIenkflachen 61, 62. The deflection surfaces 61, 62 are bent.
• the incident air stream 4 penetrates into the air reservoir 3 through an inlet opening 21 and leaves it through the outlet opening 22.
• FIG. 2B A further view of the sensor according to FIG. 2A is shown in FIG. 2B.
• the air reservoir 31 is designed here as an open channel.
• the channel is formed by two guide surfaces 201, 202 of the carrier 2 and by the deflection surface 63.
• the open side of this channel forms the inlet opening 21st
• the direction of the incident airflow 4 and the outgoing airflow 5 is indicated by arrows.
• the air reservoir 3 is suitable for mixing different components of the air flow, which have different temperatures at the air inlet.
• the air reservoir 3 comprises a longitudinally of the housing stretched air duct.
• the air reservoir 3 has an inlet facing collecting area 31 in which the cross section of the air flow is relatively large.
• Various flow components mix in the collection area 31 and pass on to a bottleneck area 32, which causes a constriction of the cross-section of the air flow.
• the sensing element 1 is arranged in the constriction region 32 in the vicinity of the outlet opening 22.
• the sensing element 1 is arranged in an edge region of the housing.
• the sensing element 1 is arranged in a central region of the housing, ie it is - relative to the longitudinal direction - facing away from the end faces of the carrier 2.
• a deflecting surface 63 is provided, which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 2.
• the angle of inclination is preferably less than 45 °.
• the side surface of the sensing element 1 is protected by a shield 71 from direct air flow.
• the latching hook 7 serves to engage the carrier 2, for example, in a housing part of the application.
• the bottleneck of the air reservoir 3 is formed between an edge of the deflection surface 63 and the shield 71.
• a reflector surface in the form of a funnel 64 is provided with an opening in its bottom region, in which the sensing element 1 is arranged. As in FIG. 1, the air reservoir 3 is also narrowed toward the sensing element 1.
• FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 5A, 5B each show a sensor which, for a flow on both sides of the sensing element I z. B. for an air flow which is parallel to the boundary surfaces 201, 202, is designed.
• an air inlet 21a, 21b can be exchanged for an air outlet 22a, 22b, and vice versa.
• the sensor is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane which is arranged perpendicular to the current direction and in which the longitudinal axis of the sensor is located.
• the arrangement of the sensing element 1 in Fig. 4A corresponds to that in Fig. 2A.
• the arrangement of the sensing element 1 in FIG. 5A essentially corresponds to that in FIG. 3.
• deflection surfaces 63, 63 ', 64, 65 to be seen in FIGS. 4A and 5A are not flat in contrast to the deflection surfaces shown in FIGS. 2A and 3 but z. B. parabolic or hyperbolic curved. Other surface configurations commonly used for reflector surfaces are also possible.
• the passage openings 21a, 21b or 22a, 22b which are provided as air inlets depending on the direction of flow, are arranged so that as many components of the air flow to be evaluated, i. H. a part of the air stream with a relatively large overall cross-section, get into the air reservoir of the sensor and can be deflected in the direction of the sensing element 1.
• shielding surfaces 23, 24 are provided in the variants according to FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B. With the shielding surfaces 23, 24, it is possible to reduce the passage cross section of the incoming air flow 4.
• the shielding surfaces 23, 24 provide a resistance to the air flow and cause, among other things, the deflection of some initially parallel to each other components of the air stream, whereby the mixing of different current components comes about.
• the incoming air stream 4 is passed through a shielding device such. B. the shielding 23, 24 interrupted in one area and thereby weakened.
• the greater part of the air flow is taken in the sensor according to FIG. 4A, depending on the direction of flow through the passage opening 21a or 22a.
• at least a small part of the airflow 4, 5 is transmitted close to this area.
• an opening 21b, 22b closest to the sensing element 1 is provided on both sides, which is smaller than the opening 21a, 22a.
• the bottleneck area is preferably offset in a projection plane, which extends transversely to the flow direction, with respect to the passage openings 21b, 22b.
• the shielding device 71 is formed with two reflector surfaces.
• the reflector surfaces prevent an air accumulation in the region of the sensing element 1.
• the shielding device 71 is dimensioned such that it prevents a direct flow of the sensing element. As a result, the current path between the closest to the sensing element opening 21b, 22b and the sensing element 1 is extended.
• the openings 21a and 21b are interconnected in FIGS. 4A, 4B, in contrast to FIGS. 5A, 5B, since the shielding surface 23, 24 adjoins only the lower boundary surface 201.
• the shielding surface 23, 24 is formed as a trapezoid and connects the two boundary surfaces 201, 202.
• the trapezoidal shape is optional.
• the shielding surfaces 23, 24 can in principle arbitrary, u. U. in the form of a grid, be designed.
• a separate deflection 63 and 63 ' may be provided for each opening.
• the air duct is preferably relatively strongly constricted in the region of the sensing element 1 by a body 20 of the carrier, which has the curved, converging deflection surfaces 63, 63 ', and by a bottom of the shielding element 71.
• the width w measured in the longitudinal direction of the air duct is preferably at most twice the height h of the air duct, see Figs. 4A and 4B.
• the height h of the air channel is equal to the distance between the main surfaces 201, 202 of the carrier. 2
• the width w of the air duct can, in principle, be selected to be larger, as in the variant presented in FIG. 4C, provided that the sensing element 1 is adequately protected by the shielding devices 23, 24 and 71 from excessive air flow and in particular from direct flow ,
• the length of the constricted portion of the air channel measured in the direction of flow is determined by the minimum width of the body 20, d. H. by the minimum distance between the deflection surfaces 63, 63 'determined. This length is preferably at most a double linear cross-sectional size of the sensing element.
• the sensing element 1 is placed in the middle region of the carrier 2 as in FIG. 5A, it can be used as an air intake for any suitable purpose.
• Nete passage opening 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b a separate deflection surface 64, 65 may be provided.
• two bodies 20 are provided with deflection surfaces 64, 65.
• the width w of the air channel constricted in the region of the sensing element 1 is determined in this case by the mutually facing ends of the two bodies 20.
• Three different possibilities for forming the deflection surfaces 64, 65 or for adjusting the width w of the air duct in the region of the sensing element 1 are indicated by dashed lines.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
• Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
• Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=38336299

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (10)

Family Cites Families (22)

• 2006
  • 2006-05-09 DE DE102006021528A patent/DE102006021528B3/de active Active
• 2007
  • 2007-02-14 JP JP2008554591A patent/JP5203224B2/ja active Active
  • 2007-02-14 EP EP07721916A patent/EP1984717B1/de active Active
  • 2007-02-14 KR KR1020087022368A patent/KR101398039B1/ko active Active
  • 2007-02-14 US US12/279,417 patent/US7985021B2/en active Active
  • 2007-02-14 WO PCT/DE2007/000256 patent/WO2007093156A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-02-14 DE DE502007004319T patent/DE502007004319D1/de active Active

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