Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
  • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
  • F25B2400/13—Economisers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
  • F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a refrigeration system that uses a fluid that changes sensible heat as a cooling fluid (cooling water, cooling air such as cooling air), and uses a fluid that changes sensible heat, such as cold water or plain, as the fluid to be cooled.
• a cooling fluid cooling water, cooling air such as cooling air
• a fluid that changes sensible heat such as cold water or plain
• FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing an example of this type of refrigeration system
• FIG. 20 is a diagram showing supply of cold water and cooling water in this refrigeration system.
• the refrigeration system shown in both figures is equipped with two freezers 200-1, 200-2, and the evaporators 201-1, 201-2, the compressors 203-1, 203-2 and the Units 205-1 and 205-2 and expansion valves 207-1 and 207_2 are connected by cold water pipes 209-1 and 209-2 to form a closed system for circulating the refrigerant in the closed circuit. ing.
• cold water fluid to be cooled
• each condenser 205-1, 205-2 is arranged in parallel with each other. Cooling water (cooling fluid) was supplied.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigeration system using a plurality of refrigerators, in which the efficiency at full load is enhanced and the case of partial load Another objective is to provide a refrigeration system that can maintain high partial load efficiency while always using multiple evaporators and condensers.
• One aspect of the present invention is an evaporator in which heat is taken from a fluid to be cooled and the refrigerant is evaporated to exhibit a refrigeration effect, a compressor for compressing the refrigerant vapor to form high pressure steam, and high pressure steam as a cooling fluid.
• the refrigeration system includes a plurality of refrigerators having a condenser for cooling and condensing, the fluid to be cooled is connected in series to the evaporators of the plurality of refrigerators, and is sequentially cooled by the heat generation of the refrigerant of the plurality of evaporators.
• the refrigeration fluid is serially connected to the condensers of the plurality of refrigerators, and sequentially cools the refrigerants of the plurality of condensers.
• a preferred aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of compressors of the plurality of refrigerators are driven by the same electric motor.
• a evaporator for installing the plurality of refrigerators in each section defining one can body, or a condenser for the plurality of refrigerators, In each of the compartments.
• the refrigerant pipe connecting the condenser and the evaporator of the plurality of refrigerators is provided with a power recovery expander that recovers the energy of the flow of the refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator. It is characterized by
• the power recovery expander recovers power by driving a generator with energy of the flow of refrigerant.
• the fluid to be cooled is connected in series to the evaporators of the plurality of refrigerators and the cooling fluid is connected in series to the condensers of the plurality of refrigerators, the sensible heat change of the cooling fluid and the sensible heat of the fluid to be cooled Both the efficiency at full load and the efficiency at partial load can be maintained high by utilizing the change, and from this, the efficiency of the entire refrigeration system can be improved.
• the compressor structure can be simplified.
• the evaporator structure and / or the condenser structure can be simplified.
• power energy possessed by the flow of the refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator
• the refrigeration effect can be increased.
• the rotation speed of the power recovery expander can be changed by the amount of electricity taken out, and the rotation of the power recovery expander can be easily performed. Speed control can be performed.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 20. As shown in FIG. 1
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the refrigerator 20. As shown in FIG. 1
• FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 2 OA.
• FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the refrigerator 20A.
• FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 20B.
• FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the refrigerator 2 OB.
• FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a supply state of cold water and cooling water of the refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment.
• FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of each of the refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2 according to the first embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of the respective refrigerator 200-1, 200-2 of the conventional refrigeration system shown in FIG.
• FIG. 11 is a view showing the evaporation temperature with respect to the cold water temperature and the condensation temperature with respect to the cooling water temperature of the refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2 of the refrigerating apparatus according to the first embodiment.
• FIG. 12 is a view showing the evaporation temperature with respect to the cold water temperature and the condensation temperature with respect to the cooling water temperature of the respective refrigerators 00-1 and 200-2 of the conventional refrigeration system shown in FIG.
• FIG. 13 is a view showing supply states of cold water and cooling water of the refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment.
• FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of each of the refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2 of the refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment.
• FIG. 15 is a view showing the evaporating temperature with respect to the cold water temperature of each of the refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2 of the refrigerating apparatus according to the second embodiment and the condensing temperature with respect to the cooling water temperature.
• FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 17 is a view showing supply states of cold water and cooling water of the refrigeration apparatus according to the third embodiment.
• FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a modified example of the refrigeration apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 19 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional refrigeration system b
• FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a supply state of cold water and cooling water of the refrigeration system shown in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
• FIG. 2 is a closed system in which a refrigerant is sealed, and more specifically, an evaporator that takes heat from cold water (fluid to be cooled) and evaporates the refrigerant to exhibit a refrigeration effect.
• a refrigerant pipe 29 is connected to an expansion valve 27 that is to be expanded.
• the refrigerator 2 OA shown in FIG. 4 is also configured as a closed system in which the refrigerant is sealed, and the difference with the refrigerator 20 shown in FIG. 2 is that in order to achieve higher efficiency compared to the refrigerator 20.
• a two-stage economizer as shown in FIG.
• a cycle is formed: expansion between the condenser 25 and the economizer 31 1, between the economizer 1 31 and the economizer 1 31 1, and between the economizer 1 31 1 and the evaporator 21 respectively.
• a valve is provided, Note that in Fig. 4 the expansion valve 2 7 is shown only between the economizer 1 3 1 'and the evaporator 2 1 .
• the refrigerator 20 B shown in FIG. 6 is also configured as a closed system in which the refrigerant is sealed, and the difference with the refrigerator 20 shown in FIG. 2 is that a power recovery expander is used instead of the expansion valve 27. It is the point where 2 8 was attached.
• the power recovery expander 28 expands the condensate and sends it to the evaporator 21 and recovers power by the power recovery unit (generator) 2 81.
• the power recovery unit (generator) 2 81 As shown by line a 1 shown in FIG. 5, the enthalpy decreases during expansion, and the power (the flow of the refrigerant from the condenser 25 to the evaporator 21 is maintained). Energy) can be recovered, and at the same time the refrigeration effect is enormous.
• the efficiency can be improved to the same extent as that of the refrigerator 20 A shown in FIG. 4, and in addition, there is no need to install the compressor 23 in multiple stages, so the structure is simplified. .
• This system is used as part of the drive power of the refrigeration system of the above-mentioned refrigeration system, or linked to other power systems and used as a system drive power etc. of various devices not related to the refrigeration system.
• the generator 281 is used as the power recovery expander 28 as in this embodiment, the rotational speed of the power recovery expander 28 can be changed according to the amount of electricity taken out.
• the rotation speed control of 2 8 becomes easy.
• the power recovery cycle shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a power recovery expander 2 8 instead of the expansion valve 27 shown in FIG. 2.
• a condenser 25 and an economizer 1 3 1 The present invention may be applied to improve the efficiency as a power recovery cycle in which a power recovery expansion device 28 is provided between the power recovery expansion device 28 and between the light source and the evaporator 31 and the evaporator 21 respectively.
• FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration system according to the first embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 8 is a diagram showing supply of cold water and cooling water in this refrigeration system.
• the refrigeration system shown in both figures comprises two refrigerators 2 0-1 and 2 0-2 having the same configuration as the freezer 20 shown in FIG. 2 and, as described above, each refrigerator 2 0 — 1 and 2 0-2 are all composed of a closed system with a sealed refrigerant, and evaporators 2 1-1 and 2 1-2 and compressors 2 3-1 and 2 '
• 3-2 is configured by connecting a condenser 2 5 -1,2 5-2 and an expansion valve 2 7-1 and 2 7-2 by refrigerant piping 2 9-1 and 2 9-2. ing.
• the cold water (fluid to be cooled) supplied to this refrigeration system is connected in series to the evaporators 2 1-1 and 2 1-2 of each refrigerator 2 0 1 and 2 0 2 by a pipe 4 1
• Cooling water (cooling fluid) that is connected and supplied to the refrigeration system is also connected in series to the condensers 25-1 and 25-2 by a pipe 43. Therefore, the cold water is sequentially cooled by the heat of evaporation of the refrigerant in each of the evaporators 2 1-1 and 2 1-2, and the cooling water is used to sequentially cool the refrigerant vapor in each of the condensers 2 5 -1 and 2 5-2 Clearly
• the flows of cold water and cooling water are both parallel flows flowing from the refrigerator 20 1 to the refrigerator 2 2 in the same direction.
• FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the refrigeration cycle of each of the refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2 of the refrigeration system according to this embodiment
• FIG. 10 is a diagram of each refrigerator of the conventional refrigeration system shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a 1,200-2 refrigerating cycle.
• Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the evaporation temperature with respect to the chilled water temperature of each refrigerator 20-1, 20-2 of the refrigeration system according to this embodiment, and the condensation temperature with respect to the cooling water temperature.
• FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the evaporation temperature for the chilled water temperature of each of the refrigerators 200-1 and 200-2 of the conventional refrigerator shown in FIG. 19 and the condensation temperature for the cooling water temperature.
• a pinch temperature is formed by the chilled water outlet temperature and the evaporation temperature, while in condensers 25-1 and 25-2, a pinch temperature is formed by the condensation temperature and the coolant outlet temperature. Ru.
• the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 200-1 and 200-2 are identical, and as shown in FIG. 12, the pinch temperatures at each evaporator 201-1 and 201-2 and each condenser 205-1 and 205-2 are identical. The temperature of the cold water passing through 1, 20 1-2 and the temperature of the cooling water passing through each condenser 20 5-1, 205-2 become equal. '
• the condensation temperature of the condenser 25-1 shown in 1 and the evaporation of the evaporator 21-1 and the temperature difference between the two can be made smaller compared to the conventional case shown in Fig. 12 and that amount is necessary for compression
• the compression head (temperature head) can be reduced, the necessary power of the compressor 23-1 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the refrigeration system can be increased.
• the above is the case of full load, but maintain the partial load efficiency of the compressors 23-1 and 23-2 (ie, use the rotational speed control of the compressor 2-3-1 and 2-3-2 and As shown in Fig.
• all compressors 23-1, 23-2 are provided by providing suction guide vanes 23a_1, 2 3a-2 at the inlets of the compressors 23-1 and 23-2. It is possible to operate with high efficiency even at partial load, and to stop the heat transfer surface of all evaporators 2 1-1 and 2 1-2 and condensers 25-1 and 25-2 even if partial load is achieved. Not useful It is like that. At this time, the flow rate of the cold water and the flow rate of the cooling water may be controlled to the flow rate matched to the volume by controlling the rotational speed of the pump that circulates these.
• FIG. 13 is a view showing supply states of cold water and cooling water in the refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
• the items other than the items described below are the same as in the first embodiment.
• the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is only in that the directions of cold water and water supply are different. That is, also in the refrigeration apparatus according to this embodiment, the supplied cold water (fluid to be cooled) is connected in series to the evaporators 21-1 and 21-2 of the respective refrigerator 20-1 and 20-2 by the pipe 41.
• the cooling water (cooling fluid) supplied to this refrigeration system and supplied to this refrigeration system is also connected in series to the respective condensers 25-1 and 25-2 by the pipe 43, so that the cold water is supplied to the respective evaporators.
• 21-1 and 21-2 are sequentially cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant, and the cooling water sequentially cools the refrigerant vapor in each of the condensers 25-2 and 25-1, but in the case of this embodiment, Cold water flows from the evaporator 21-1 to the evaporator 2 1-2, while cooling water flows from the condenser 25-2 to the condenser 25-1 in the opposite direction.
• FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of each of the refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2 of the refrigeration apparatus according to this embodiment.
• FIG. 15 is a view showing the evaporation temperature with respect to the cold water temperature and the condensation temperature with respect to the cooling water temperature of the respective refrigerators 20 1 and 20 2 of the refrigeration apparatus according to this embodiment.
• Evaporation as described above unit 21 1, 21 can one 2, pin Chi temperature and coolant outlet temperature and the evaporation temperature, whereas the condenser 25 1, the pinch temperature 25 2, and the condensing temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature
• the condenser 25 1, the pinch temperature 25 2, and the condensing temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature since cold water and cooling water are supplied in series and in opposite flows to the respective refrigerators 20-1 and 20-2, sensible heat change of cold water and cooling water is used. Can increase the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle. That is, it is shown in FIG.
• the pinch temperatures in the two evaporators 21-1 and 21-2 and the two condensers 25-1 and 25-2 are made different. Disperse, raise the average evaporation temperature, and lower the average condensation temperature.
• the condensation temperature of the conventional example shown in FIG. 12 is equivalent to the condensation temperature of the condenser 25-2 shown in FIG. 15, and the evaporation temperature of the conventional example shown in FIG. 12 is the evaporator 25 shown in FIG. Equivalent to the evaporation temperature of That is, the condensation temperature of the condenser 25-1 shown in FIG. 15 decreases, and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 25-2 shown in FIG. 15 rises. That is, the temperature difference between the condensation temperature of the condenser 25-1 and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 21-1 and the temperature difference between the condensation temperature of the condenser 25-2 and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 21-2 shown in FIG.
• FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 17 is a diagram showing supply of cold water and cooling water in this refrigeration apparatus.
• the refrigeration system shown in both figures comprises two refrigerators 20B-1 and 20 having the same configuration as the refrigerator 20B shown in FIG.
• each refrigerator 20B-1 as described above , 20B-2 each consist of a closed system in which a refrigerant is enclosed, and the evaporators 21-1 and 21-2; the compressors 23-1 and 23-2; and the condensers 25-1 and 25-2
• the power recovery expanders 28-1 and 28-2 are connected by refrigerant pipes 29-1 and 29-2.
• the motor M for driving the two compressors 23-1 and 23-2 is used as * to simplify the electrical instrumentation relationship.
• the motor M is a closed type, and it moves in a refrigerant atmosphere, and a labyrinth seal is performed between the motor M and both compressors 23-1 and 23-2.
• one of the refrigerators 20B-1 or 20B-2 to the other refrigerator 20B- Refrigerant may leak toward 2 or 2 OB-1, and when the refrigeration system is operated for a long time, the refrigerant may be biased into any of the freezers 20B-1 or 20B-2. Therefore, in this embodiment, the condenser 25-1 of one refrigerator 20B-1 and the evaporator 21-2 of the other refrigerator 20B-2 and the condenser 25-2 of the other refrigerator 20B-2 are provided. And the evaporator 21 21 of one of the refrigerators 20 B- 1 are connected by a pipe 33 having an on-off valve 35 so as to eliminate the above-mentioned deviation.
• the liquid level rise of the condenser 25-1 or 25-2 is measured to detect excess refrigerant, and the piping 33 on the side connected to the condenser 25-1 or 25-2 is opened or closed. Open the valve 35 and use an excess amount to the other evaporator 21-2 or 21-1 Send the refrigerant liquid. Since the pressure of the condenser 25-1 or 25-2 is higher than that of the evaporator 21-2 or 21-1, transfer of the refrigerant liquid can be easily performed. Since the total amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigerating apparatus is constant, if the initial filling amount is appropriate, the refrigerant on the excess side of the refrigerator 20B-1 or 20B-2 is used as the other refrigerator 20. If it sends to B-2 or 20 B-1 and the bias of the refrigerant is eliminated, the amount of refrigerant of the other refrigerator 20B-2 or 20B is also corrected.
• the evaporators 21-1 and 21-2 of each of the two refrigerators 20B-1 and 20B-2 constituting the refrigeration system are connected to one can barrel 37 (two Divided into sections, heat transfer surfaces (heat transfer tubes) are installed in each of the divided sections, and at the same time, each condenser 25-1 and 25-2 and a single can barrel 39 (two) The heat transfer surface (heat transfer tube) was installed in each of the divided sections. If configured in this way, it is possible to achieve compactness of the controlled freezing device.
• the above-mentioned can and barrel may be applied to either one of the evaporators 21-1 and 21-2 or the condensers 25-1 and 25-2.
• the power recovery expanders 28-1 and 28-2 installed respectively for the plurality of (two) refrigerators 2 OB-1 and 20B-2 are different generators (see FIG. Although a power recovery device 281) shown in 6 is connected, one generator (power recovery device) is connected to multiple power recovery expanders 23-1 and 28-2 to share the generator. You may configure it.
• i 8 is a block diagram of a modification of the refrigeration apparatus according to the third embodiment.
• the same or corresponding parts as in the refrigeration system of the third embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.
• the items other than the items described below are the same as in the third embodiment.
• the difference between the refrigeration system shown in the figure and the refrigeration system according to the third embodiment is that two stages of compressors 23-1 and 23-2 are provided on both sides of one electric motor M, and the refrigeration system is configured.
• Two refrigeration units 20 B- 1 and 20 B- 2 are equipped with an evaporator 31-1 and 31-2 respectively, and condensers 25-1 and 25-2 and an economizer 31-1 and 31-2
• the power recovery expanders 28-1 and 28-2 are respectively provided between the economizers 31-1 and 31-2 and the evaporators 21-1 and 21-2. As described above, a plurality of power recovery expanders 28-1 and 28-2 may be provided to configure the power recovery cycle in multiple stages.
• the refrigerant amount adjustment circuit corresponding to the pipe 33 having the on-off valve 35 shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 of the third embodiment is omitted from FIG.
• one refrigerator is configured by two refrigerators in the above embodiment
• one refrigerator may be configured by a plurality of three or more refrigerators. In that case, cold water (fluid to be cooled) is connected in series to flow in each evaporator of these multiple refrigerators, and cooling water (cooling fluid) is connected in series to each condenser of the multiple refrigerators. Flow.
• each refrigerator is composed of three or more refrigerators
• each refrigerator The compressor may be driven by one or more motors.
• an example using the refrigerator 20 shown in FIG. 2 and the refrigerator 2 OB shown in FIG. 6 as the refrigerator used in the refrigerator has been described, but of course the refrigerator 2 OA shown in FIG. It is good.
• a refrigerator having a configuration other than these refrigerators 20, 2 O A, 2 O B may be used.
• each compressor is provided with a motor, and the load can be extremely reduced.
• control of the number of compressors may be supported. That is, in general, it is more efficient to use all the heat transfer areas of the evaporator and the condenser, but if the load is extremely small and the efficiency of the compressor is significantly reduced, the heat transfer area should be at least the compression area. In some cases it may be better to increase the refrigerant flow per unit. It is also possible to control the number by efficiency comparison by calculation.
• the present invention uses a fluid that changes sensible heat as a cooling fluid (cooling water, cooling air such as cooling air), and a refrigeration system that uses a fluid that changes sensible heat, such as cold water or brine, as the fluid to be cooled. It is applicable to the freezing device which has a freezer.

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• 2006
  • 2006-01-10 JP JP2006002977A patent/JP5096678B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-01-09 WO PCT/JP2007/050372 patent/WO2007080994A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2007-01-09 CN CN2007800022390A patent/CN101371082B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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