WO2007072844A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007072844A1 WO2007072844A1 PCT/JP2006/325340 JP2006325340W WO2007072844A1 WO 2007072844 A1 WO2007072844 A1 WO 2007072844A1 JP 2006325340 W JP2006325340 W JP 2006325340W WO 2007072844 A1 WO2007072844 A1 WO 2007072844A1
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Classifications
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- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/085—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
- H01L27/088—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L27/092—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate complementary MIS field-effect transistors
- H01L27/0924—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate complementary MIS field-effect transistors including transistors with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1203—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body the substrate comprising an insulating body on a semiconductor body, e.g. SOI
- H01L27/1211—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body the substrate comprising an insulating body on a semiconductor body, e.g. SOI combined with field-effect transistors with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823821—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of transistors with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/04—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
- H01L29/045—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes by their particular orientation of crystalline planes
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/785—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate having a channel with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/785—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate having a channel with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
- H01L2029/7857—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate having a channel with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET of the accumulation type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823807—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of the channel structures, e.g. channel implants, halo or pocket implants, or channel materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823878—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS isolation region manufacturing related aspects, e.g. to avoid interaction of isolation region with adjacent structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device such as an IC or LSI.
- FIG. 12 (a) schematically shows a cross section of the CMOS inverter circuit, and FIG. 12 (b) shows a plan view thereof.
- the display of wiring 8 to: L 1 is omitted in FIG. 12 (b).
- 1 is a p-type semiconductor substrate on which an electronic circuit is formed
- 2 is an n-type impurity region formed on the p-type semiconductor substrate
- 3a and 3b are n-type impurity regions 2.
- High-concentration p-type impurity regions formed, 4a and 4b are high-concentration n-type impurity regions formed in the p-type semiconductor substrate 1
- 5 is gate electrode 6 and p-type semiconductor substrate 1
- gate electrode 7 and n-type impurity A gate insulating film such as Si02 for insulating the region 2 from each other, and 6, 7 are gate electrodes formed on the gate insulating film 5.
- the n-type impurity region 2, the high-concentration p-type impurity regions 3a and 3b, and the gate electrode 7 constitute a p-channel MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor).
- the semiconductor substrate 1, the high-concentration n-type impurity regions 4a and 4b, and the gate electrode 6 constitute an n-channel MOS FET.
- a gate wiring 8 is connected to the gate electrodes 6 and 7 of the n-channel MOSFET and p-channel MOSFET and applies a common voltage as an input signal of the CMOS inverter circuit.
- Reference numeral 9 is an output wiring connected to the drain electrode of the p-channel MOSFET (high-concentration p-type impurity region 3a) and the drain electrode of the n-channel MOSFET (high-concentration n-type impurity region 4b) to take out the output signal of the CMOS inverter.
- Reference numerals 10 and 11 are power supply lines for supplying a power supply potential to the source electrode of the n-channel MOSFET (high-concentration n-type impurity region 4a) and the source electrode of the channel MOSFET (high-concentration p-type impurity region 3b), respectively. .
- FIG. 12 (a) p-channel MO A CMOS inverter circuit consisting of an SFET and an n-channel MOSFET grounds the power supply wiring 10 connected to the source electrode of the n-channel 'transistor (0V), and supplies power to the p-channel' transistor source electrode. Apply a power supply voltage (for example, 5V) to wiring 11.
- a power supply voltage for example, 5V
- the n-channel 'transistor' is turned off and the p-channel 'transistor is turned on. Therefore, the same power supply voltage (5 V) as that of the power supply wiring 11 is output to the output S line 9.
- the current flowing through the transistor hardly flows when the output does not change according to the input, and flows mainly when the output changes.
- the gate wiring 8 becomes 0V
- an output current for charging the output wiring 9 flows through the p-channel 'transistor
- the gate wiring 8 reaches 5V
- the output flows through the n-channel' transistor.
- An output current flows to discharge the wiring 9.
- the CMOS circuit of FIG. 12 (a) is an inverter circuit that outputs a signal having a polarity opposite to that of the input.
- These inverter circuits must pass the same current through the P-channel 'transistor and n-channel' transistor in order to make the rising speed and falling speed the same when switching.
- the hole which is the carrier of the p-channel 'transistor in the (100) plane has a lower mobility than the electron which is the carrier of the n-channel' transistor, and the ratio is 1: 3. .
- the p-channel 'transistor drain electrode 3a, source electrode 3b, and gate electrode 7 areas are n-channel' transistor drain electrode 4b, source electrode 4a, and gate electrode 6 areas. The switching speed was made equal by increasing the ratio corresponding to the mobility ratio and making the current drive capacity almost the same.
- Patent Document 1 the current driving capability of the p-channel 'transistor is improved by using the (110) plane.
- Patent Document 2 describes that an SOI substrate is used and an accumulation type p-channel 'transistor is formed on the SOI substrate to improve the current drive capability of the p-channel' transistor.
- the accumulation-type transistor disclosed in Patent Document 2 requires a substrate electrode in addition to the gate electrode, and forms a depletion layer in the channel region on both electrodes, thereby pinching off the channel. It had to be ordered and had the drawback of being complicated in structure and circuit.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-115587
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-086422
- Patent Document 1 of the prior application the p-channel 'transistor current drive capability is improved, but it is insufficient to make the size of the n-channel' transistor and the p-channel 'transistor the same. It was.
- the present invention increases the degree of integration by making the switching speed of a pair of transistors of different conductivity types constituting a CMOS circuit substantially the same or equivalent and making the electrode area substantially the same or equivalent.
- the object is to obtain a semiconductor device that can be made high.
- the semiconductor device according to Claims 1 and 2 is channel-conducted on an SOI (Silicon on Insulator) substrate.
- SOI Silicon on Insulator
- a semiconductor device including a circuit including at least a pair of transistors having different conductivity types a first semiconductor layer provided on an SOI substrate and a first gate insulating layer covering at least a part of the surface thereof are used.
- An n-channel 'transistor is formed, and a P-channel' transistor is formed using a second semiconductor layer provided on the SOI substrate and a second gate insulating layer covering at least a part of the surface of the second semiconductor layer.
- the surface of the first region forming the channel of the semiconductor layer of the semiconductor layer has a (100) plane or a plane within ⁇ 10 ° from the (100) plane, and a channel is formed on the side surface of the first semiconductor layer.
- Forming a channel of the second semiconductor layer so that the surface of the second region to be formed has one or a plurality of surfaces whose electron mobility is smaller than a surface within ⁇ 10 ° from the (100) surface.
- the surface of the region has a (100) plane or a plane within ⁇ 10 ° from the (100) plane, and the surface of the second region forming the channel on the side surface of the second semiconductor layer is (100).
- the surface of the first region so that the sum of the area of the surface of the second region is equal to each other and the operating speeds of the n-channel 'transistor and the p-channel' transistor are substantially equal or equal.
- the width, length, and height of the second region and the width, length, and height of the surface of the second region are defined.
- the n-channel 'transistor and the p-channel' transistor are both normally off, and the n-channel 'transistor is in an inversion type or accumulation type. Change the transistor type to inversion or accumulation type.
- a semiconductor device according to claim 3 is such that both the n-channel transistor and the p-channel transistor are inversion type.
- the semiconductor device according to claim 4 is configured such that both the n-channel transistor and the p-channel transistor are accumulation type.
- the semiconductor device according to claim 5 is such that the n-channel 'transistor is an inversion type and the P-channel' transistor is an accumulation type.
- a semiconductor device is characterized in that the n-channel 'transistor is an accumulation type. And the p-channel transistor is an inversion type.
- a semiconductor device is formed in the second semiconductor layer by a work function difference between a second gate electrode provided on the second gate insulating film and the second semiconductor layer.
- the material of the second gate electrode and the impurity concentration of the second semiconductor layer are selected so that the thickness of the depletion layer is larger than the thickness of the second semiconductor layer.
- a semiconductor device is formed in the first semiconductor layer by a work function difference between a first gate electrode provided on the first gate insulating film and the first semiconductor layer.
- the material of the first gate electrode and the impurity concentration of the first semiconductor layer are selected so that the thickness of the depletion layer is larger than the thickness of the first semiconductor layer.
- the gate insulating film is an oxide film of SiO 2, Si N and metal silicon alloy formed by microwave-excited plasma, or nitride of metal silicon alloy
- the gate insulating film is formed at a temperature of 600 ° C or lower using microwave-excited plasma.
- the length of the surface of the first region constituting the channel length and the length of the surface of the second region are defined by the n-channel transistor and the p
- the channel transistors are all set to be substantially equivalent to each other.
- the width of the surface of the first region is subject to restrictions on the width of the surface of the first region according to claim 12, and thus can be uniquely determined by determining the channel length. .
- only the surface width of the second region needs to be determined.
- a semiconductor device is a semiconductor device including a circuit having at least a pair of transistors having different conductivity types, and the first semiconductor layer provided on the SOI substrate and at least a part of the surface thereof A first gate insulating layer covering the first substrate, forming a conductive transistor, and a second semiconductor layer provided on the SOI substrate and a second gate insulating layer covering at least a part of the surface of the second semiconductor layer And forming a channel of the first semiconductor layer so that the surface of the first region has a first crystal plane and the surface of the first region. Side surface of the first semiconductor layer provided on the surface intersecting with And forming a channel of the second semiconductor layer so that the surface of the second region forming the channel in FIG.
- a second crystal plane different from the first crystal plane and having a different carrier mobility has a second crystal plane different from the first crystal plane and having a different carrier mobility.
- a second region having a surface of the first region having a first crystal face and forming a channel on a side surface of the first semiconductor layer provided on a surface intersecting the surface of the first region;
- the surface of the region has a second crystal plane that is different from the first crystal plane and has a different carrier mobility, and electrons on the surface of the first region forming the channel of the first semiconductor layer are formed.
- the effective mass me of mel is me
- the effective mass of electrons on the surface of the second region is me2
- the effective mass of holes mh on the surface of the first region forming the channel of the second semiconductor layer is mhl.
- the effective mass is mh2
- the width of the surface of the first region forming the channel of the first semiconductor layer is We
- the width of the surface of the second region forming the channel of the first semiconductor layer is He
- the width of the surface of the second region forming the channel of the second semiconductor layer is Wh
- the width of the surface of the second region forming the channel of the second semiconductor layer is Hh.
- the operation speeds of the one-conductivity type transistor and the other-conductivity-type transistor can be made to be equal to each other while the channel region areas are substantially equal or equal to each other. It is made to be substantially equal or equivalent.
- the second region is formed in a portion in which the side surface of the first semiconductor layer is an inclined surface or a vertical surface, and even if only one of both side surfaces is used, it It may be formed up to the bottom.
- a semiconductor device comprising a circuit having at least a pair of a first conductivity type channel transistor and a second conductivity type channel transistor different from the first conductivity type,
- the transistor of the first conductivity type channel having a first semiconductor layer provided on the SOI substrate, a first gate insulating layer covering at least a part of the surface, and a first gate electrode covering the first gate insulating layer
- a second semiconductor layer provided on the SOI substrate, a second gate insulating layer covering at least a part of the surface thereof, and a second gate electrode covering the second gate insulating layer.
- the first region in which the channel of the first semiconductor layer is formed has one or more second surfaces forming a predetermined angle with the first surface forming the surface of the first semiconductor layer and the first surface.
- the carrier mobility of the transistor of the first conductivity type channel is smaller in the second surface than in the first surface.
- the second region in which the channel of the second semiconductor layer is formed has one or more second surfaces forming a predetermined angle with the first surface forming the surface of the second semiconductor layer and the first surface.
- the carrier mobility of the transistor of the second conductivity type channel is greater in the second surface than in the first surface.
- the sum of the area of the first surface and the area of the second surface of the first region in the first semiconductor layer is the sum of the first region of the second region in the second semiconductor layer. Substantially equal to the sum of the area of the surface and the area of the second surface, and the operating speeds of the transistors of the first conductivity type channel and the transistors of the second conductivity type channel are substantially equal or equal.
- a semiconductor device is obtained in which the width, length and height of the surface of the first region and the width, length and height of the surface of the second region are set.
- the transistor of the first conductivity type channel is an NMOS transistor
- the transistor of the second conductivity type channel is a PMOS transistor
- the first surfaces of the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer have a (100) plane of silicon or a plane within ⁇ 10 ° from the (100) plane
- the second plane is made of silicon. It is characterized by the (110) plane or a plane within ⁇ 10 ° from the (110) plane.
- the first surface of the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer is a (110) surface of silicon or ( 110) plane within ⁇ 10 °
- the second plane is a (100) plane of silicon or a plane within ⁇ 10 ° from (100) plane
- the transistor of the first conductivity type channel is It is a PMOS transistor
- the transistor of the second conductivity type channel is an NMOS transistor.
- the transistor of the first conductivity type channel and the transistor of the second conductivity type channel are both inversion types.
- Both the transistor of the first conductivity type channel and the transistor of the second conductivity type channel may be storage type.
- the transistor of the first conductivity type channel may be an inversion type, and the transistor of the second conductivity type channel may be an accumulation type.
- the second gate electrode provided on the second gate insulating film and the second semiconductor layer may be affected by a work function difference between the second gate electrode and the second semiconductor layer.
- the material of the second gate electrode and the impurity concentration of the second semiconductor layer are selected so that the thickness of the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor layer is larger than the thickness of the second semiconductor layer. desirable.
- the first semiconductor is formed by a work function difference between a first gate electrode provided on the first gate insulating film and the first semiconductor layer.
- the material of the first gate electrode and the impurity concentration of the first semiconductor layer are selected so that the thickness of the depletion layer formed in the layer is larger than the thickness of the first semiconductor layer. May be.
- the transistor of the first conductivity type channel and the transistor of the second conductivity type channel are the first and second channel types that constitute the channel length of each transistor.
- the lengths of the surfaces of the first region and the second region are set to be equal to each other.
- the first conductivity type channel transistor and the second conductivity type channel transistor include the first region constituting the channel length of each transistor and the first conductivity type channel transistor.
- the length of the surface of the second area is 1.5 times longer than the width of the surface of the first area and the second area of the war, respectively.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a perspective view, and (b) and (c) are diagrams of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the A-A 'line and the BB line.
- FIG. 2 is a graph of carrier travel speeds of the NMOS transistor and the PMOS transistor of the semiconductor device of the first embodiment of the present invention with the gate length as the horizontal axis.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a semiconductor device placed on an SOI substrate.
- A is a diagram in which a semiconductor device manufactured by a conventional technique is arranged on an SOI substrate.
- (B) is a diagram in which the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is arranged on an SOI substrate.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an improvement in offset noise when an analog switch is configured with a normal C-MOS circuit and a C-MOS circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. is there.
- FIG. 5 (a), FIG. 5 (b), and FIG. 5 (c) are cross-sectional views schematically showing main parts of the second, third, and fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. .
- Fig. 6 show the operation principle of the storage type n-MOS transistor used in Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating.
- FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show the storage type n-MOS transistors used in Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating each depletion state and accumulation
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing lZf noise of an accumulation transistor according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 (a) is a graph showing the relationship between the gate length and the SOI layer thickness when the storage type n-MOS used in the present invention is normally off, and the parameter is the work of the gate electrode. Function and EOT (equivalent oxide film thickness).
- Figure 9 (b) shows the band structure when the work function of the gate electrode material is 5.2 eV and 6. OeV.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the depletion layer thickness and the substrate impurity concentration of the accumulation type transistor according to the example of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing drain voltage-drain current characteristics of an accumulation transistor according to the present invention and a normal transistor.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B are a cross-sectional view and a plan view, respectively, of a conventional semiconductor device.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the S factor according to the channel orientation when the gate insulating film is formed by thermal oxidation and when the gate insulating film is formed by radical oxidation. is there.
- FIG. 14 relates to the present invention.
- (A) is a perspective view of a device structure of a three-dimensional p-channel MOS transistor in Accumulation mode, and (b) shows its orientation.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1A
- FIG. Fig. 1 (a) shows a cross-sectional view along the line BB '.
- Example 1 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of an n-channel 'transistor (NMOS transistor) and a p-channel' transistor (PMOS transistor) having a balanced current driving capability and having a three-dimensional structure. ing. Also shown with n-channel 'transistor A p-channel transistor is an SOI three-dimensional CMOS device with exactly the same device structure (shape and dimensions), and is characterized by a gate length of 45 nm or less.
- FIG. 1 (a) shows an example in which four n-channel 'transistors connected in parallel and four p-channel' transistors connected in parallel are formed on the same substrate.
- a substrate having SOI (Silicon on Insulator) layers 14 n and 14 p is prepared.
- the length direction of the channel is preferably in the ⁇ 110> direction. This is because the saturation current due to hole movement on the (110) plane is maximized in the S ⁇ l 10> direction. On the other hand, it is necessary to consider that the saturation current amount due to the movement of electrons in the (100) plane has a small dependence on the crystal direction.
- the SOI layer may be common to both regions as an i layer, or may be p-type, and the P-channel 'transistor forming region 14-p later converted to n-type. Also good.
- impurity concentration for threshold adjustment may be performed to adjust the substrate concentration. For example, when the 1 nm generation, and 4 X 10 18 cm_ 3.
- the gate insulating film 15 is made of Si N, HfO, ZrO
- High dielectric constant materials such as metal oxides such as LaO and metal nitrides such as PrSiN
- non-doped polycrystalline silicon is formed by a known low-pressure CVD method, and etched to a desired gate length and gate width to form the gate electrode 16.
- arsenic is 4 X 10 15 cm _2 in the region 17 serving as the source 'drain, and the source' drain region in the region where the PMOS transistor is formed.
- Boron is ion-implanted with 4 X 10 15 cm_ 2 boron.
- non-doped polycrystalline silicon 16 formed by a known low-pressure CVD method in a self-aligned manner also has an arsenic concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 15 cm _2 in the case of an NMOS transistor, and boron in the case of a PMOS transistor of 4 ⁇ 10 15 cm_2 ions are implanted. Then, activation is performed.
- the source and drain layers 17 of the NMOS transistor region and the gate electrode 16 of the NMOS transistor region 14-n, and the source and drain layer 18 of the PMOS transistor region and the gate electrode 16 of the PMOS transistor region 14 are separated.
- a thin separation membrane 25 is formed.
- the thin separation membrane 25 can be formed by the following method. After depositing SiO by 45 nm or more by a well-known CVD method, anisotropic etching is used to reduce the damage.
- the thin separation membrane 25 is formed of Si N, SiON, a laminated structure of SiO and Si N.
- a gasket is deposited by a sputtering method with little damage.
- nickel is added to the NMOS transistor region 14-n.
- Deposited thicker than polycrystalline silicon 16 on n and PMOS transistor region 14 polycrystalline silicon 16 on p.
- titanium, connort, or tantalum may be used as a metal used for forming the silicide layer 26.
- annealing is performed at 500 ° C. or higher to form a silicide layer 26.
- nickel that could not react is removed by a known acid-based wet process.
- Nickel and thin separation membrane 25 does not cause an interfacial reaction even if annealing is performed at 500 ° C or higher, and silicide is not formed on thin separation membrane 25, so it is self-aligned by applying a known acid-based wet process.
- the source / drain layer 17 in the NMOS transistor region and the gate electrode 16 in the NMOS transistor region 14-n, and the source / drain layer 18 in the PMOS transistor region and the gate electrode 16 in the PMOS transistor region 14-p can be separated.
- a SiO film is formed by CVD, and as shown in FIG.
- an inversion type (ie, inversion-mode) PMOS transistor ⁇ and an inversion type (ie, inversion mode) NMOS transistor 100 ⁇ are formed on the same substrate. Can be formed.
- the total area of the upper surface and the side surface of the n channel 'transistor region 14 n is equal to the total area of the upper surface and the side surface of the p channel' transistor region 14 p, and both transistors So that the operation speeds are equal.
- the upper surface of the channel region of each n-channel 'transistor and p-channel' transistor is referred to as a first region
- the side surface of the channel region of each transistor is referred to as a second region.
- the lengths of the channel regions of both the transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ are made equal, and the width of the upper surface of the channel region of the n-channel 'transition region 14—n (Distance in the direction intersecting the length direction) is Wn, and the height of the side is Hn.
- the width of the upper surface of the channel region of the ⁇ channel 'transistor region 14 p is Wp, and the height of the side surface is Hp.
- the width Wn of the upper surface of the n-channel 'transition region 14—n and the width Wp of the upper surface of the p-channel' transition region 14p are always 1.5 times the length L of the channel region of both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ . Must be less than a minute.
- the width Wn of the upper surface of the n channel 'transition region 14—n and the width Wp of the upper surface of the p channel' transition region 14p are always 1.5 times the length L of the channel region of both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ .
- the reason why it must be reduced to a fraction or less is to use the quantum effect to minimize the effective mass of carriers in both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ and to suppress the leakage current due to the short channel effect.
- the total area of the upper surface and the side surface of the n channel 'transition region 14 n is equal to the total area of the upper surface and the side surface of the p channel' transistor region 14 p.
- the conditions for making the operating speeds of both transistors equal are obtained.
- n channel 'transistor region 14 n side surface height is Hn
- p channel' transistor region 14 p channel region side surface height Hp
- NMOS transistor effective effective electron mass mee and PMOS N channel 'transistor region 14 n side surface height Hn and p channel' transistor region 14—p channel region side surface height Hp are specified so that the effective effective hole mass mhe of the transistor is equal.
- the effective effective electron mass mee of the NMOS transistor and the effective effective hole mass mhe of the PMOS transistor can be expressed by the following equations (1) and (2).
- mel is the effective mass of electrons on the upper surface of the n channel 'transition region 14—n
- me2 is the effective mass of electrons on the side of the channel region of the n channel' transition region 14 n. It is.
- Equation (2) mhl is the effective mass of holes on the upper surface of the channel region of p-channel 'transition region 14-p, and mh2 is the side surface of the channel region of p-channel' transition region 14p. The effective mass of holes.
- Equation (1) and (2) mel, me2, and mhl, mh2 are physical constants and are invariant values.
- the length of the channel region of both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ When the L force is 5 nm or less, the speeds of holes and electrons traveling in the channel region of both transistors 100p and 100 ⁇ match. This is because when the length L of the channel region of both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ is 45nm or less, the conduction mechanism due to the Quasi-Ballistic effect is dominant. (Reference 1).
- VQB 2 X kB XT / 7u / M (3)
- Equation (3) kB is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature, and M is the effective effective mass of the traveling carrier. That is, in Example 1, the effective effective electron mass mee of the NMOS transistor or the effective effective hole mass mhe of the PMOS transistor.
- Equation (4) which is Ohm's law, the length of the channel region of both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ is L force 5nm or less, and the channel region travel speed of the NMOS transistor and the hole of the PMOS transistor If the channel region traveling speed is matched, the conductivity per unit area, that is, the mutual conductance of both transistors 100 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ matches. In other words, by matching the effective effective electron mass mee of the NMOS transistor and the effective effective hole mass mhe of the PMOS transistor, the mutual conductivities of both transistors 100 ⁇ and ⁇ match, and the channel area and gate area are the same. The transistor's current drive capability and thus the operating speed can be made almost the same, and a fully balanced CMOS can be obtained.
- Equation (4) q is the charge amount of electrons, N is the charge density, and V is the charge travel speed. In the case of a transistor, N is the charge density under the inversion layer, and V is the traveling speed of electrons in the case of an NMOS transistor, and the traveling speed of holes in the case of a PMOS transistor.
- Example 1 shown in FIG. 1 for example, Wn and Wp were set to 20 nm, and Hn and Hp were set to 60 nm.
- the channel length L is 32 nm for both transistors.
- Figure 2 shows the NMOS transistor when the gate length is varied from 5000 nm to 60 nm.
- the channel region traveling speed of the electrons and the hole channel region traveling speed of the PMOS transistor are illustrated.
- the length of the channel region is 45 nm or less, the channel region traveling speed of the NMOS transistor and the channel region traveling speed of the hole of the NMOS transistor coincide with each other due to the Quasi-Ballistic effect, and a fully balanced CMOS can be obtained. is made of.
- FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are respectively the conventional example of FIG. 12 and the full-balanced CMOS according to the present invention, which form a three-stage inverter gate, and the first-stage output is the second output.
- the second stage output is actually connected to the third stage input so that it is connected to the third stage input.
- the required area for placing the fully balanced CMOS shown in Fig. 3 (b) on the SOI substrate can be half of the required area for placing the conventional example of Fig. 12 on the SOI substrate. It is possible to perform high-speed keying by about one digit.
- the gate capacitance and the parasitic capacitance of both transistors are the same by making the gate size and area of both the p and n transistors the same. As shown in Fig. 5, the offset noise of analog switches composed of these transistors can be reduced by 15 dB.
- both the PMOS transistor and the NMOS transistor use inversion type transistors.
- FIGS. 5 (a), (b), and (c) are the second, third, and fourth embodiments, respectively, in the direction corresponding to FIG. 1 (c) in the first embodiment. It is sectional drawing.
- FIG. 5 (a) is an example in which an n-channel 'transistor (ie, NMOS transistor) 101 ⁇ and a p-channel' transistor (ie, PMOS transistor) 101p are both accumulation type.
- FIG. 5 (b) is an example of an n-channel 'transistor (ie, NMOS transistor) 102 ⁇ having an accumulation type and a p-channel' transistor (PMOS transistor) 102p force nversion type.
- the configuration in Fig. 5 (b) has the advantage of simplifying the process because it is formed by gate electrodes of the same conductivity type well (n-well) and the same conductivity type (p + type). By using n-channel 'transistors, the overall CMOS lZf noise can be reduced. wear.
- FIG. 5 (c) is an example in which the n-channel 'transistor (NMOS transistor) 103 ⁇ force nversion type and the p-channel' transistor (PMOS transistor) 103p are accumulation type.
- This example has the advantage that the process is simple because it is formed by the same conductivity type well (p-well) and the same conductivity type (n + type) gate electrode, and the n + type polysilicon gate electrode. Therefore, it is possible to prevent boron diffusion by a thin film (boron is easily diffused into the gate oxide film, which causes a phenomenon that the interface mobility of the carrier deteriorates).
- the use of accumulation type transistors has the advantage that the current drive capability is larger than that of the inversion type (Fig. 11).
- the accumulation type transistor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 11 by taking the n-channel 'transistors (NMOS transistors) 101 ⁇ and 102 ⁇ in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) as examples. To do.
- NMOS transistors n-channel 'transistors
- FIGS. 6A to 6D show the operation principle of an accumulation-type n-channel transistor (NMOS transistor).
- NMOS transistor n-channel transistor
- FIGS. 7 (a) and (b) This phenomenon will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (a) and (b).
- An SOI structure is used, and the depletion layer width generated by the work function difference between the gate electrode and the SOI layer is larger than the thickness of the SOI layer.
- a normally-off type MOS transistor can be formed with the accumulation structure as shown in FIG. 7 (a).
- the n-channel 'transistor as shown in the figure uses P + polysilicon (work function 5.2 eV) as the gate electrode, and the p-channel' transistor uses n + polysilicon (work function 4. leV) as the gate electrode. This can cause a work function difference with the SOI layer.
- an n-channel 'transistor with an accumulation structure is formed on the (110) plane of silicon, and compared with a normal n-channel' transistor configured on the (100) plane of silicon.
- an equivalent current driving capability can be realized.
- silicon By forming a p-channel transistor with an accumulation structure on the (110) plane, it is possible to realize 2.5 times the current drive capability compared to a p-channel 'transistor formed on the silicon (100) plane. I can do it.
- the accumulation type device of the present invention optimizes the work function difference between the gate electrode and the SOI layer, the thickness of the SOI layer, the drain voltage, and the distance between the source and the drain, which are not normally off by the pn junction barrier, As shown in Fig. 7 (a), when the gate voltage is Ov, if a depletion layer exists between the source and drain and a barrier is formed, normally-off occurs.
- the channel mobility deteriorates when the impurity concentration in the channel region is increased with the miniaturization, and the accumulation type device according to the present invention is very effective for miniaturization. It is advantageous.
- the accumulation type n-channel 'transistor has a work function as large as possible! /, Accumulation of the gate electrode It is preferable to use a gate electrode with a p-channel transistor that has a work function as small as possible!
- the accumulation type device of the present invention forms a depletion layer in the SOI layer by increasing the work function difference between the gate electrode material and the SOI layer in this way, and in the channel direction by the voltage applied to the drain electrode. Provide punch-through resistance so that the electric field does not affect the source edge. The thicker the SOI layer, the greater the current drive capability. However, the electric field from the gate generated by the work function difference affects the lower end (bottom surface) of the SOI layer. Therefore, increasing the work function difference is the most important requirement for the accumulation type device of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 (a) shows the thickness of the SOI layer that is allowed (normally off) when the work function of the gate electrode is 5.2 eV and 6.
- OeV in the accumulation type n-channel transistor Indicates.
- the gate insulation film shows the case of EOT 0.5 nm and 1. Onm.
- the thickness of the SOI layer in each miniaturization generation (gate length) allowed to be normal is thicker as the work function increases, and in the 22 nm generation, it is about twice as thick as 5.2 eV and 6. OeV. It becomes.
- Fig. 9 (b) shows a band diagram when using a gate electrode having a work function of 5.2 eV and 6. OeV (insulating film thickness lnm). As shown in this figure, when the work function increases, the SOI layer becomes thicker and the current drive capability increases.
- FIG. 10 shows a correlation diagram between the depletion layer thickness and the substrate impurity concentration.
- accumulation mode type n-channel 'transistor 102 ⁇ of the present invention in 103Ita, when the gate electrode 16 is formed at [rho tau polycrystalline silicon, the work function is approximately 5. 15eV, 10 17 c m_ substrate Since the work function of the n-type silicon layer 14 ⁇ of 3 is about 4.25 eV, a work function difference of about 0.9 eV is generated. Since the depletion layer thickness is about 90 nm at this time, it is completely depleted even if Hn and Hp are 60 nm and Wn and Wp are 20 nm.
- the substrate impurity concentration and the SOI film thickness can be selected in a range where the SOI film thickness is thinner than the depletion layer thickness.
- the gate electrode material W, Pt, Ni, Ge, Ru, and silicide thereof, which are not polycrystalline silicon, can be used as long as the SOI layer is fully depleted in consideration of the work function difference.
- the SOI layer preferably has a plane orientation that is tilted within ⁇ 10 ° from the (100) plane.
- the thickness of the SOI layer is the gate electrode and the SOI layer.
- the structure is thinner than the thickness of the depletion layer due to the work function difference.
- accumulation type transistors formed in the SOI layer in the case of an np type transistor power nversion type transistor as shown in FIG. 1, it may be formed directly on the silicon substrate without being formed on the SOI layer. That is, the two transistor layers may be formed by etching the surface of the silicon substrate, or a desired semiconductor layer may be formed on the silicon substrate, and the two semiconductor layers may be formed by etching the semiconductor layer.
- each transistor region is the (100) plane and the side surface is (110) has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this (100) surface.
- the surface may be within ⁇ 10 ° from the surface, the side may be within ⁇ 10 ° from the (110) surface, and the surface shall be within ⁇ 10 ° from the (110) surface or the (110) surface.
- the side surface is a (100) plane or a plane within ⁇ 10 ° from the (100) plane. In this case, the width of each transistor region is increased and the plane area is increased.
- the gate insulating film of the semiconductor device of the present invention is preferably formed by radical oxidation, radical nitridation, or radical oxynitridation using a high-density plasma apparatus by microwave excitation, as shown in FIGS. Will be described.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the S factor according to the channel orientation when the gate insulating film is formed by thermal oxidation and when the gate insulating film is formed by radical oxidation.
- measurements were made using 10 Accumulation mode 3D p-channel MOS transistors as shown in Fig. 14 (a).
- the surface of the channel region is the (100) plane, and its orientation is the 110> direction.
- the specifications of the channel area are as shown in FIG.
- the crystal orientation of the surface of the channel region is the S (100) plane and the orientation is 110>
- the same crystal plane appears on the side surface of the channel region.
- the crystal plane on the side surface of the channel region is (110 ) Surface.
- Fig. 14 (b) when the orientation of the channel surface is rotated by a ⁇ 110> direction force of 45 ° k, the orientation becomes the ⁇ 100> direction.
- Fig. 13 shows the S-fatter at every 15 ° when rotated 180 °.
- the S factor indicates the gate voltage required to increase the drain current by 10 times. The smaller the better, the theoretical force is 60mVZdec. As shown in Fig.
- the present invention has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments but can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof.
- the present invention can be applied not only to a logic circuit as an inverter circuit but also to other electronic circuits.
Abstract
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- 2006-12-20 CN CN2006800488432A patent/CN101346820B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-20 WO PCT/JP2006/325340 patent/WO2007072844A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-12-20 EP EP06835010A patent/EP1976017A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-20 JP JP2007551109A patent/JP5322148B2/ja active Active
- 2006-12-20 US US12/086,886 patent/US7863713B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-21 TW TW095148125A patent/TWI425637B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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US8138527B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2012-03-20 | National University Corporation Tohoku University | Transistor and semiconductor device |
US8362567B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2013-01-29 | National University Corporation Tohoku University | Semiconductor device |
US8648393B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2014-02-11 | National University Corporation Tohoku University | Transistor and semiconductor device |
JP2009124653A (ja) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-06-04 | Renesas Technology Corp | 高周波スイッチ回路 |
JP2013508951A (ja) * | 2009-10-16 | 2013-03-07 | ナショナル セミコンダクター コーポレーション | HOT(hybridorientationtechnology)を選択的エピタキシーに関連して用いて移動度を改善する方法およびそれに関連する装置 |
JP2013012768A (ja) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-01-17 | Tohoku Univ | 半導体装置 |
US9972691B2 (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2018-05-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Semiconductor device with multi-finger structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090001471A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
US7863713B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 |
JP5322148B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
CN101346820A (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
JPWO2007072844A1 (ja) | 2009-05-28 |
KR101032286B1 (ko) | 2011-05-06 |
EP1976017A1 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
TWI425637B (zh) | 2014-02-01 |
CN101346820B (zh) | 2010-11-03 |
KR20080094897A (ko) | 2008-10-27 |
EP1976017A4 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
TW200742084A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
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