WO2007046214A1 - ペースト組成物およびそれを用いた太陽電池素子 - Google Patents
ペースト組成物およびそれを用いた太陽電池素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007046214A1 WO2007046214A1 PCT/JP2006/318816 JP2006318816W WO2007046214A1 WO 2007046214 A1 WO2007046214 A1 WO 2007046214A1 JP 2006318816 W JP2006318816 W JP 2006318816W WO 2007046214 A1 WO2007046214 A1 WO 2007046214A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- paste composition
- aluminum
- hydroxide
- semiconductor substrate
- silicon semiconductor
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 52
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001197925 Theila Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 glycol ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/16—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions with vehicle or suspending agents, e.g. slip
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/545—Microcrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/546—Polycrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a paste composition and a solar cell element using the same.
- the present invention relates to a paste composition used for forming an electrode on a silicon semiconductor substrate constituting a crystalline silicon solar cell, and a solar cell element using the paste composition.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a general cross-sectional structure of a solar cell element.
- a solar cell element is generally configured using a p-type silicon semiconductor substrate 1 having a thickness of 220 to 300 / zm.
- a n-type impurity layer 2 having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.6 m, and an antireflection film 3 and a grid electrode 4 are formed thereon.
- An aluminum electrode layer 5 is formed on the back side of the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate 1.
- the aluminum electrode layer 5 is formed by applying an aluminum powder, glass frit, and an aluminum paste composition that also has an organic vehicle force by screen printing or the like, drying it, and firing it at a temperature of 660 ° C (melting point of aluminum) or higher for a short time. It is formed by.
- the Al—Si alloy layer 6 is formed between the aluminum electrode layer 5 and the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate 1 by diffusing into the aluminum-powered silicon semiconductor substrate 1 at the same time,
- a P + layer 7 is formed as an impurity layer by diffusion of aluminum atoms. Due to the presence of the p + layer 7, a back surface field (BSF) effect that prevents recombination of electrons and improves the collection efficiency of generated carriers can be obtained.
- BSF back surface field
- a back electrode 8 composed of an aluminum-electrode layer 5 and an Al—Si alloy layer 6 is used as an acid or the like.
- solar cell elements having a collector electrode layer formed of silver paste or the like have been put into practical use.
- it is necessary to dispose of the acid used for removing the back electrode 8 and there is a problem that the process becomes complicated due to the removal process.
- the silicon semiconductor substrate is formed so that the back surface side on which the back electrode layer is formed becomes concave after firing of the aluminum paste composition due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between silicon and aluminum.
- the substrate deforms and warps. When warping occurs, cracks in the silicon semiconductor substrate are likely to occur during the solar cell manufacturing process.
- the back electrode layer is thinned by reducing the coating amount of the aluminum paste composition.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that an aluminum powder, a glass frit, and an organic substance are used as a conductive paste capable of suppressing warpage of a Si wafer.
- the organic vehicle contains particles that are hardly soluble or insoluble, and the particles are at least one of organic compound particles and carbon particles.
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-2005-191107 discloses a high-performance back electrode in which formation of aluminum balls and protrusions and swelling of the electrode are suppressed in the back electrode.
- a method of manufacturing a solar cell element having high productivity with reduced warpage of a conductive substrate is disclosed, and an average particle size D force 1 ⁇ 2 to cumulative particle size distribution based on volume is used as an aluminum paste used in the manufacturing method. 20 m and less than half the average particle size D Those containing aluminum powder whose diameter accounts for 15% or less of the total particle size distribution are disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-90734
- Patent Document 2 JP 2004-134775 A
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-129640
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-2005-191107
- an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and suppresses the generation of a prestar or aluminum ball in the back electrode layer during firing, and also deforms the silicon semiconductor substrate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar cell element including a paste composition that can be reduced and an electrode formed using the composition.
- the paste composition according to the present invention has the following characteristics.
- a paste composition according to the present invention is a paste composition for forming an electrode on a silicon semiconductor substrate, and includes an aluminum powder, an organic vehicle, and a hydroxide.
- the hydroxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, and barium hydroxide. I prefer to be there.
- the paste yarn according to the present invention preferably contains 0.1% by mass or more and 25.0% by mass or less of hydroxide.
- the paste composition of the present invention preferably further includes glass frit.
- a solar cell element according to the present invention includes an electrode formed by applying a paste yarn and composition having any of the above-described characteristics onto a silicon semiconductor substrate and then firing the paste.
- the paste is formed on the back surface of the silicon semiconductor substrate by using the paste composition containing hydroxide in addition to the aluminum powder and the organic vehicle.
- the paste composition containing hydroxide in addition to the aluminum powder and the organic vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a general cross-sectional structure of a solar cell element to which the present invention is applied as one embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a method for measuring a deformation amount of a p-type silicon semiconductor substrate after firing in which an aluminum electrode layer is formed in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- l p-type silicon semiconductor substrate, 2: n-type impurity layer, 3: antireflection film, 4: grid electrode, 5: aluminum electrode layer, 6: A1-Si alloy layer, 7: p + layer, 8: Back electrode.
- the paste composition of the present invention is characterized in that it contains hydroxide in addition to aluminum powder and an organic vehicle.
- a paste with a conventional composition When a paste with a conventional composition is used, the reaction between aluminum and silicon and the sintering of aluminum cannot be controlled. As a result, the amount of Al-Si alloy produced locally increases, resulting in blistering and There was a phenomenon that aluminum balls were generated and the deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate increased due to oversintering of aluminum.
- a hydroxide salt in the paste it is possible to control the reaction between aluminum and silicon and the sintering of aluminum not to proceed excessively.
- the hydroxide contained in the paste undergoes a dehydration decomposition reaction at a temperature of 200 to 500 ° C during firing. The It is considered that the generation of blisters and aluminum balls and the deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate can be suppressed by the endothermic reaction due to the dehydration decomposition and the surface acidity of the aluminum powder due to the decomposed water vapor.
- the hydroxide contained in the paste composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained, and for example, a hydroxide that has the power of metal elements such as copper and iron. Things are listed.
- Preferred hydroxides are at least one selected from the group of the Ila group and nib group of the periodic table that also have hydroxyl group power, and more specifically, hydroxide group aluminum. And at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, and barium hydroxide.
- Ila group and Illb group hydroxides of the periodic table are preferable.
- the elements of the above-mentioned periodic table Ila group and Illb group diffuse into the silicon semiconductor substrate. This is because the degree to which the BSF effect is inhibited is small, but the effect of a decrease in energy conversion efficiency is small!
- the content of hydroxide contained in the paste composition of the present invention is 0.1 mass% or more 25.
- hydroxide content is less than 0.1% by mass, it may not be possible to obtain the prescribed blister or aluminum ball suppression effect, which is sufficient to suppress deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate after firing. The additive effect cannot be obtained. If the hydroxide content exceeds 25.0% by mass, the surface resistance of the back electrode layer increases, and there is a risk that the paste sinterability will be impaired. When the surface resistance of the back electrode layer increases, the ohmic resistance between the electrodes increases, and the energy generated by the irradiation of sunlight cannot be extracted effectively, leading to a decrease in energy conversion efficiency.
- the surface resistance can be suppressed to the range described below, and the blisters in the aluminum electrode layer can be maintained without lowering the electrode function and the BSF effect of the aluminum electrode layer. And the generation of balls of aluminum can be suppressed, and the amount of deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate can be reduced.
- the content of the aluminum powder included in the paste composition of the present invention is preferably 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. If the content of the aluminum powder is less than 50% by mass, the resistance of the aluminum electrode layer after firing becomes high, which may cause a decrease in the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell. If the aluminum powder content exceeds 80% by mass, The applicability of paste in clean printing or the like is reduced.
- a wide range of aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 1 to 20 ⁇ m can be used. When blended in a paste composition, it is preferably 2 to 15111, and more preferably. 3 to 10 m should be used. If the average particle size is less than L m, the specific surface area of the aluminum powder increases, which is not preferable. If the average particle diameter exceeds 20 / zm, an appropriate viscosity cannot be obtained when an aluminum powder is included to constitute a paste composition, which is not preferable. Further, the aluminum powder included in the paste composition of the present invention is not particularly limited to the shape of the powder and the method for producing the powder.
- the components of the organic vehicle included in the paste composition of the present invention are not particularly limited. Resins such as ethyl cellulose and alkyd, and solvents such as glycol ethers and terpineols can be used.
- the content of the organic vehicle is preferably 15% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. If the content of the organic vehicle is less than 15% by mass, the printability of the paste is lowered and a good aluminum electrode layer cannot be formed. If the organic vehicle content exceeds 40% by mass, not only will the viscosity of the paste increase, but the presence of excess organic vehicle will hinder the firing of aluminum.
- the paste composition of the present invention may contain glass frit.
- the content of the glass frit in the paste yarn composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 8% by mass or less. If the glass frit content exceeds 8% by mass, the prayer of the glass occurs, the resistance of the aluminum electrode layer increases, and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell may decrease.
- the lower limit of the glass frit content is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1% by mass or more.
- composition of the glass frit included in the paste composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but usually comprises PbO, B 2 O, ZnO, Bi 2 O, SiO, Al 2 O, MgO, and BaO.
- Examples thereof include a glass-based composition containing at least two kinds of oxides selected from the group as main components.
- the average particle size of the glass frit particles included in the paste composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 m or less.
- the paste composition of the present invention comprises a dispersant, a plasticizer that adjusts the properties of the paste as necessary.
- Various additives such as an agent, an anti-settling agent, and a thixotropic agent can be included.
- the composition of the additive is not particularly limited, but the content is preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the aluminum powder 50-80 wt 0/0, the glass frit from 0.1 to 8 mass 0/0, of organic vehicle prepared by dissolving Echiru cellulose glycol ether organic solvents 15 to 40 mass% Paste compositions were prepared that contained within the range and added various hydroxides in the proportions shown in Table 1.
- an aluminum vehicle and a ZnO-B 2 O 3 -SiO glass frit are added to an organic vehicle in which ethyl cellulose is dissolved in a glycol ether organic solvent.
- Paste compositions (Examples 1 to 18) were prepared by adding various hydroxides in the amounts shown in Table 1 and mixing with a known mixer. Also, in the same way as above, do not include hydroxide as shown in Table 1! A rice cake paste composition (Comparative Example 1) was prepared.
- the aluminum powder is a sphere having an average particle diameter of 2 to 20 / ⁇ ⁇ , or a sphere from the viewpoint of ensuring reactivity with the silicon semiconductor substrate, coating properties, and uniformity of the coating film.
- a powder composed of particles having a shape close to that of the powder was used.
- Glass frit having an average particle diameter of 1 to 12 m was used.
- the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate on which the paste was printed After drying the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate on which the paste was printed, it was fired in an air atmosphere in an infrared continuous firing furnace.
- the temperature of the firing zone of the firing furnace was set to 760 to 780 ° C, and the retention time (firing time) of the substrate was set to 8 to 12 seconds.
- the amount of blisters and aluminum balls generated per measured surface area 150 X 150mm 2 of the aluminum electrode layer 5 was visually counted, and the total value is shown in Table 1. . Occurrence of cracks in the silicon semiconductor substrate during the manufacturing process To prevent life, the target value of the amount of blister and aluminum balls is set to 10.
- the surface resistance of the back electrode 8 that affects the ohmic resistance between the electrodes was measured with a 4-probe surface resistance measuring device (RG-5 type sheet resistance measuring device manufactured by Epson Corporation). Measurement conditions are voltage
- the load was 4 mV, the current was 100 mA, and the load applied to the surface was 200 grf (1.96 N).
- the measured values are shown in Table 1 for the back electrode surface resistance (m ⁇ Z port).
- the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate on which the back electrode 8 was formed was immersed in an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, whereby the aluminum electrode layer 5 and the Al—Si alloy layer 6 were dissolved and removed, and the p + layer 7 was formed.
- the surface resistance of the type silicon semiconductor substrate was measured with the above surface resistance measuring instrument.
- the amount of deformation of the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate after firing with the aluminum electrode layer formed is diagonal to the four corners of the substrate with the aluminum electrode layer facing up, as shown in FIG. 2, after firing and cooling.
- the target value of deformation is 3. Omm or less.
- Table 1 shows the surface resistance of the back electrode 8, the surface resistance of the p + layer 7, and the deformation amount of the silicon semiconductor substrate measured as described above.
- Example 1 ⁇ 1 ( ⁇ ) 3 0.08 12 14.8 16.6 2.9
- Example 2 Al (OH) 3 0.12 9 15.0 16.7 2.7
- Example 4 Fe (OH) 3 3.0 2 15.1 16.4 1.9
- Example 5 Cu (OH) 2 3.0 3 15.8 16.7 1.8
- Example 6 Mg (OH) 2 3.0 2 15.3 16.7 1.8
- Example 7 Ca (OH) 2 3.0 3 15.6 16.9 2.0
- Example 8 Al (OH 3 5.0 1 15.9 17.0 1.7
- Example 9 Ca (OH) 2 5.0 1 16.0 16.9 1.5
- Example 10 Al (OH) 3 9.0 0 16.8 17.2 1.5
- Example 11 Ca (OH) 2 10.0 0 17.5 17.7 1.6
- Example 12 Ca (OH) 2 5.0 0 17.2 17.8 1.5
- Example 13 Al (OH) 3 11.0 0 18.5 19.3 1.4
- Example 14 Mg (OH) 2 15.0 0 18.9 19.6 1.3
- Example 15 Al (OH) 3 18.0 0 19.0 20.1 1.1
- Example 16 Al (OH) 3 23.0 0 19.5 20.8
- Example 17 Mg (OH) 2 23.0 0 19.8 20.5
- Example 18 Mg (OH) 2 27.0 0 22.3 22.6 1.0 Comparative Example 1 ⁇ ⁇ 15 14.9 16.5 3.3
- a blister or an aluminum ball is formed on the aluminum electrode layer formed on the back surface of the silicon semiconductor substrate.
- deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate can be reduced, and the production yield of solar cell elements can be improved.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06810429A EP1939943B1 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-09-22 | Paste composition and solar battery element using the same |
US11/990,618 US8877100B2 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-09-22 | Paste composition and solar cell element using the same |
JP2007540904A JP4949263B2 (ja) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-09-22 | ペースト組成物およびそれを用いた太陽電池素子 |
DE602006021767T DE602006021767D1 (de) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-09-22 | Pastenzusammensetzung und solarbatterieelement damit |
NO20082281A NO339124B1 (no) | 2005-10-20 | 2008-05-19 | Pastamateriale og solcelleelement hvor dette anvendes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2005306025 | 2005-10-20 | ||
JP2005-306025 | 2005-10-20 |
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WO2007046214A1 true WO2007046214A1 (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
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PCT/JP2006/318816 WO2007046214A1 (ja) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-09-22 | ペースト組成物およびそれを用いた太陽電池素子 |
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US (1) | US8877100B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1939943B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4949263B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101031060B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100550431C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006021767D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2361974T3 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO339124B1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI382546B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007046214A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2008306023A (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Toyo Aluminium Kk | ペースト組成物と太陽電池素子 |
US20140335651A1 (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2014-11-13 | Sichuan Yinhe Chemical Co., Ltd. | Inks and pastes for solar cell fabrication |
US8017428B2 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-09-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process of forming a silicon solar cell |
KR20110025614A (ko) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 태양전지의 후면 전극용 알루미늄 페이스트 |
KR20110040083A (ko) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-20 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 태양전지의 후면 전극용 알루미늄 페이스트 |
KR101113503B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-02-29 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | 유도전류 장치를 이용한 실리콘 태양전지의 제조 방법 |
EP2555250A4 (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2013-12-04 | Noritake Co Ltd | PULP COMPOSITION FOR SOLAR CELL, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND SOLAR CELL |
US20120152341A1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low bow aluminum paste with an alkaline earth metal salt additive for solar cells |
US20120152342A1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aluminum paste compositions comprising metal phosphates and their use in manufacturing solar cells |
US20120152344A1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aluminum paste compositions comprising calcium oxide and their use in manufacturing solar cells |
CN102157220B (zh) * | 2011-02-28 | 2013-09-18 | 张振中 | 晶体硅太阳能电池正面栅线电极专用Ag浆 |
KR101276669B1 (ko) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-06-19 | 주식회사 케이씨씨 | 금속-함유 유기계 첨가제를 포함하는 실리콘 태양전지용 후면 전극 조성물 |
JP7264674B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-13 | 2023-04-25 | 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 | バックコンタクト型太陽電池セルの製造方法 |
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2006
- 2006-09-22 US US11/990,618 patent/US8877100B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-22 WO PCT/JP2006/318816 patent/WO2007046214A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-09-22 CN CNB2006800386392A patent/CN100550431C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-22 KR KR1020087005167A patent/KR101031060B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-09-22 JP JP2007540904A patent/JP4949263B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-22 EP EP06810429A patent/EP1939943B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-22 DE DE602006021767T patent/DE602006021767D1/de active Active
- 2006-09-22 ES ES06810429T patent/ES2361974T3/es active Active
- 2006-10-17 TW TW095138148A patent/TWI382546B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2008
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1939943A4 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
JP4949263B2 (ja) | 2012-06-06 |
TWI382546B (zh) | 2013-01-11 |
KR101031060B1 (ko) | 2011-04-25 |
NO20082281L (no) | 2008-05-19 |
US8877100B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 |
US20090223563A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
EP1939943B1 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
DE602006021767D1 (de) | 2011-06-16 |
TW200725923A (en) | 2007-07-01 |
NO339124B1 (no) | 2016-11-14 |
EP1939943A1 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
CN101292363A (zh) | 2008-10-22 |
KR20080068638A (ko) | 2008-07-23 |
ES2361974T3 (es) | 2011-06-24 |
CN100550431C (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
JPWO2007046214A1 (ja) | 2009-04-23 |
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