WO2007032115A1 - 鍵盤楽器のタッチ検出装置 - Google Patents
鍵盤楽器のタッチ検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007032115A1 WO2007032115A1 PCT/JP2006/307459 JP2006307459W WO2007032115A1 WO 2007032115 A1 WO2007032115 A1 WO 2007032115A1 JP 2006307459 W JP2006307459 W JP 2006307459W WO 2007032115 A1 WO2007032115 A1 WO 2007032115A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- key
- light emitting
- optical
- optical sensors
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/32—Constructional details
- G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10B—ORGANS, HARMONIUMS OR SIMILAR WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ASSOCIATED BLOWING APPARATUS
- G10B3/00—Details or accessories
- G10B3/12—Keys or keyboards; Manuals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10F—AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
- G10F1/00—Automatic musical instruments
- G10F1/02—Pianofortes with keyboard
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10G—REPRESENTATION OF MUSIC; RECORDING MUSIC IN NOTATION FORM; ACCESSORIES FOR MUSIC OR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. SUPPORTS
- G10G3/00—Recording music in notation form, e.g. recording the mechanical operation of a musical instrument
- G10G3/04—Recording music in notation form, e.g. recording the mechanical operation of a musical instrument using electrical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
- G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
- G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
- G10H1/057—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by envelope-forming circuits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/32—Constructional details
- G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/344—Structural association with individual keys
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H2220/265—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors
- G10H2220/305—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors using a light beam to detect key, pedal or note actuation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H2220/405—Beam sensing or control, i.e. input interfaces involving substantially immaterial beams, radiation, or fields of any nature, used, e.g. as a switch as in a light barrier, or as a control device, e.g. using the theremin electric field sensing principle
- G10H2220/411—Light beams
Definitions
- the present invention is applied to, for example, an electronic keyboard instrument such as an electronic piano, or a composite piano such as a mute piano or an auto-playing piano, and detects touch information including key pressing information.
- the present invention relates to a detection device.
- the touch detection device 61 includes a shirt 64 provided on a hammer 63, first to third sensors 65 to 67, and the like.
- the shirter 64 is formed in a plate shape, is fixed to the catch palm yank 63a of the hammer 63, and extends upward.
- the first to third three steps 64a, 64b, 64c are formed in a step shape in order from the hammer shank 63b side, and the first step 64a is the third highest. Step 64c is the lowest.
- the first to third sensors 65 to 67 are arranged adjacent to each other so as to correspond to the first to third stages 64a to 64c, and a pair of light emitting units and light receiving units (both not shown) ). These light emitting units are disposed on one side of the movement path of the shirter 64, and the light receiving unit is disposed on the other side of the movement path so as to face the corresponding light emitting unit, and is emitted from the light emitting unit. The received light is received by the corresponding light receiving unit. In the key release state (solid line position in FIG. 14), the shirt 64 does not overlap the first to third sensors 65 to 67 and is positioned below the first sensor.
- the shirter 64 is integrated with the hammer 63 as the hammer 63 rotates in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. Rotate.
- first stage 64a of the shirter 64 reaches the first sensor 65
- light from the light emitting unit is blocked and light reception by the light receiving unit is blocked.
- Hammer 63 times
- the light from the light emitting part of the second sensor 66 is blocked and the light receiving part is blocked from receiving light.
- the light from the light emitting part force of the third sensor 67 is blocked and the light receiving part is blocked. Is blocked.
- the key is released, the light blocking state from the light emitting unit is released in the reverse order, and the light receiving unit returns to the light receiving state.
- the first to third sensors 65 to 67 use a "Low” signal as a detection signal when the amount of light received by the light receiving unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, and a "High” signal when the light level is lower than a predetermined level. Output .
- the detection signal of the first sensor 65 is used to detect key depression and key release. Specifically, the timing when the detection signal of the first sensor 65 switches from “Low” to “: High” (hereinafter referred to as “light shielding timing” t) is detected as the key pressing timing of the force key, and the reverse of the above. The timing when “High” is switched to “Low” (hereinafter “light reception timing”) is detected as the key release timing.
- the detection signals of the second and third sensors 66 and 67 are used to detect the key pressing speed. Specifically, the key pressing speed is determined based on the time difference between the light shielding timings of the second and third sensors 66 and 67.
- the light emitting portions of the first to third sensors 65 to 67 are arranged adjacent to one side of the movement path of the shirt 64, and the light receiving portions thereof are arranged. It is arranged adjacent to the other side of the movement path. For this reason, for example, when the light emitted from the light emitting part has a divergence, the light spreads as it is closer to the light receiving part side. Therefore, the light from the light emitting part of the first sensor 65 The light from the light emitting part of the second sensor 66 next to it also arrives.
- FIG. 15 schematically shows this situation. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the light from the light emitting part SOla of the first sensor SOI has a divergent property, so that the light receiving part of the second sensor S02 is connected only by the light receiving part SOlb of the first sensor SOI. S02b is also reached. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5B, even when the light from the light emitting portion SOla of the first sensor SOI is blocked by the shirter S, the light receiving portion SOlb force from the light emitting portion S02a of the second sensor S02 Receives light.
- the light shielding timing of the first sensor 65 is delayed, and when the key is released, the light receiving timing is advanced, which makes it possible to correctly detect the key pressing and key releasing timing. Disappear.
- the light shielding timing of the second sensor 66 is delayed, the light shielding timing of the third sensor 67 is not affected by the light from the light emitting portion of the second sensor 66, so that there is no delay.
- the time difference between the light blocking timings is smaller than the time difference during which the shirter 64 actually passes, so the detected key pressing speed is greater than the actual key pressing speed, and the key pressing speed is detected with high accuracy. become unable.
- the degree of the deviation of the light shielding and light receiving timing as described above varies depending on the passage position of the shirter 64 between the light emitting part and the light receiving part of the first to third sensors 65-67.
- Figure 16 schematically illustrates this situation. That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the passage position of the shirt S is close to the light receiving parts SOlb, S02b, the light from the second sensor S02 is cut off and immediately enters the light receiving part SOlb of the first sensor SOI. Since it becomes difficult to reach, the degree of deviation in light shielding and light receiving timing is reduced. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
- the above-described problem is that, for example, the distance between the first to third sensors 65 to 67 is increased to such an extent that each light receiving unit is not affected by light from the light emitting units of other sensors. Therefore, it can be solved.
- the distance between the second and third sensors 66 and 67 that is, the key pressing speed detection period becomes long as the sensor mounting density only decreases.
- the hammer 63 cannot accurately detect the key pressing speed immediately before the string 62 is struck.
- the light emission intensity of the light emitting parts of the first to third sensors 65 to 67 is affected by the light of the light emitting part force of other sensors. It is possible to make it as small as possible.
- the amount of light received by the light receiving unit is reduced as a whole, and thus the detection signal is not stabilized, even though the light receiving unit is in the light receiving state, the amount of received light is below a predetermined level.
- Key press and key release timing and key press speed detection accuracy are remarkable It will drop very much.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can improve the mounting density of a plurality of photosensors and be affected by light of other photosensor forces. It is an object of the present invention to provide a keyboard instrument touch detection device capable of accurately detecting the touch information of a keyboard.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-160292
- the invention according to claim 1 is a touch detection device for a keyboard instrument that detects touch information including key press information of a rotatable key.
- a plurality of lights provided with a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit that receives light emitted from the light emitting unit on both sides of the rotation route, and is provided near the rotation route of the shirter.
- a sensor and a touch information detecting means for detecting touch information based on the presence or absence of light reception of the light receiving unit according to opening and closing of the optical path of light from the light emitting units of the plurality of optical sensors by the shirt when the key rotates.
- the adjacent two of the plurality of photosensors are adjacent to each other on the same side of the rotation path of the shattering path of the light emitting portion of one of the photosensors and the light receiving portion of the other photosensor. It is characterized by being arranged in.
- the key rotates when the key is pressed or released, and the shirt hawk rotates as the key rotates.
- the touch information detection means detects touch information including key pressing information based on the presence or absence of light reception by the light receiving unit according to the opening and closing of the optical path.
- two adjacent optical sensors are configured such that the light emitting part of one of the optical sensors and the light receiving part of the other optical sensor are on the same side of the rotation path of the shirter. Are arranged next to each other. For this reason, even if the light emitted from the light emitting unit has a divergence, the light from the light emitting unit of one of the photosensors is separated from the light receiving unit of the photosensor and the other photosensor adjacent to the light receiving unit. Only reaches the light-emitting part of the other optical sensor, and does not reach the light-receiving part of the other photosensor.
- the light receiving part does not receive the light of the light emitting part force of the other optical sensor.
- the timing of switching the presence or absence of light reception by the light receiving unit is the same as the actual opening / closing timing of the optical path by the shotter. Can be matched.
- the detection accuracy is not affected.Thus, the mounting density of the photosensors can be improved, and the key pressing speed detection interval can be reduced. By shortening, for example, it becomes possible to accurately detect the key pressing speed immediately before hitting a string.
- the detection accuracy is not affected. By doing so, the output of the optical sensor can be stabilized and the touch information of the key can be detected more accurately. .
- the invention according to claim 2 is the keyboard instrument touch detection device according to claim 1, wherein the shatter is configured to reduce the amount of light reflected by the shatter.
- the touch detection device in a state where the optical path of one of the optical sensors is closed by the shirter, the light from the light emitting unit of the other optical sensor is reflected by the shirter, and the light receiving unit of the one optical sensor May reach.
- the shatter since the shatter is configured as described above, when the light of the light emitting portion of the other optical sensor is reflected by the shatter, the amount of reflected light is reduced by the shatter. Therefore, even when the reflected light reaches the light receiving part of one of the optical sensors, it is possible to reliably eliminate the adverse effects of the reflected light.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a touch detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a muffler piano to which the touch detection device is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the first and second photosensors of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the first and second photosensors of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a top view of the first and second photosensors of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 shows a timing chart of the first and second detection signals when the key is pressed and released.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a part of the musical sound generator of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing sound generation and stop timing determination processing executed by the CPU of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a process of determining a mouth city executed by the CPU of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a touch detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a muffler piano to which the touch detection device is applied.
- FIG. 12 A timing chart of the first to third detection signals when the key is pressed and released.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a sound generation and stop timing determination process according to the second embodiment, which is executed by the CPU of FIG. 7.
- FIG. 14 is a partial side view of a conventional touch detection device and an automatic performance piano to which this is applied.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically showing (a) the light emitted from the light emitting part of the first and second sensors, and (b) the light blocked by the light emitting part of the first sensor by the shirter. It is.
- FIG. 1 shows an upright silencer piano 2 (keyboard instrument) to which the touch detection device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the front side right side of Fig. 1
- the back side left side of Fig. 1
- the left side and right side are further The description will be given as “left” and “right”, respectively.
- the mute piano 2 is placed on a shelf board 3 and a plurality of (for example, 88) keys 4 consisting of white keys 4a and black keys 4b (only one of which is shown). And above the rear of the key 4 It is provided with action 9 and a hammer 5 for each key 4 that strikes the string S, and a musical sound generator 10 (see Fig. 7) for electronically generating a performance sound.
- the musical sound generator 10 generates a performance sound in the normal performance mode in which the acoustic performance sound is generated by striking the string S by the performance mode power hammer 5 and the state in which the string strike by the hammer 5 is blocked. Switch to the mute performance mode.
- the key 4 is freely rotatable to a balance pin 11 standing on a balance rail 3a provided on the shelf board 3 through a balance pin hole (not shown) formed in the center thereof. Supported! ⁇ .
- the action 9 is for rotating the hammer 5 when the key 4 is pressed, extends in the front-rear direction, and is placed on the rear part of each key 4 via the capstan screw 12 It is equipped with a Wien Pen 13 and a jack 14 attached to the Wien Pen 13.
- Each of the Twitter pens 13 is rotatably supported by the center rail 15 at the rear end.
- the jack 14 is formed in an L shape from a push-up portion 14a extending in the vertical direction and an engagement portion 14b extending substantially perpendicularly forward from the lower end portion thereof, and can be rotated to the wipen 13 at the corner portion. It is attached. Further, a damper 16 is rotatably attached to the rear end portion of the center rail 15.
- the hammer 5 is composed of a bat 5a, a hammer shank 5b extending upward from the bat 5a, and a nommer head 5c attached to the upper end of the hammer shank 5b.
- the center rail 15 is rotatably attached.
- the tip of the push-up portion 14a of the jack 14 is engaged with the notch 5a, the hammer shank 5b is in contact with the hammer rail 17 at an angle, and the hammer head 5c is against the string S. Opposite.
- the touch detection device 1 includes a shirt 6 and first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 provided for each key 4.
- the shirter 6 is formed in a plate shape, and as shown in FIG. 1, is integrally provided so as to protrude downward at a right angle in front of the balance pin 11 on the lower surface of each key 4. .
- the shirt 6 is formed in an inverted L shape from a rectangular left half 6L and a right half 6R extending rightward from the upper half of the left half 6L. The lower end of half 6R is higher than the lower end of left half 6L It has become.
- the shirter 6 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin that does not transmit light, and the amount of light reflected by the shirter 6 (hereinafter, “reflected light” t) is reflected over the entire surface. Processing to reduce is performed. As this surface treatment, for example, Shibokae can be mentioned.
- the embossing process is performed at the time of molding, for example, by applying unevenness for embossing to the mold by treating with a discharge force or sandblasting. By applying such surface caloe to the shirt 6, the surface roughness is increased and the amount of reflected light at the shirt 6 is reduced.
- the first and second optical sensors 7, 8 are configured by photo interrupters having the same configuration.
- the first optical sensor 7 includes a case 7c having a U-shaped side surface and a pair of light emitting diodes 7a provided on the case 7c so as to face each other in the front-rear direction ( A light emitting portion) and a phototransistor 7b (light receiving portion).
- the second optical sensor 8 includes a pair of light-emitting diodes 8a (light-emitting portions) and phototransistors 8b (light-receiving portions) provided on the case 8c so as to face each other in the front-rear direction.
- the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 are attached to a substrate 19 provided on the shelf board 3 in a state where the cases 7c and 8c are upright. As shown in FIG. 2, the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 are provided below the left half 6L and the right half 6R of the shirter 6 so as to be arranged in the left-right direction.
- the light emitting diodes 7a and 8a are constituted by pn-connected diodes, and the anode and the force sword are electrically connected to the substrate 19, respectively. These light emitting diodes 7a and 8a are driven to be turned on by outputting a drive signal from a CPU 23 described later to their anodes, thereby emitting light.
- the light emission intensity of the light emitting diodes 7a and 8a varies depending on the amount of current supplied to the anode, and the higher the amount of current, the higher the light intensity.
- the phototransistors 7b and 8b are npn-connected bipolar transistors, and their collectors and emitters are electrically connected to the substrate 19, respectively. These phototransistors 7b and 8b receive light at a light receiving surface (not shown) corresponding to their bases, are driven ONZOFF in response to this light, and the collector-emitter is conductive. Switched to a non-conducting state. Specifically, the collector-emitter is in a conductive state when the amount of light received by the light-receiving surface (hereinafter referred to as “light-receiving amount”) is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, and between the collector-emitter when it is lower than the predetermined level. Becomes non-conductive.
- the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 are arranged such that their light emitting side and light receiving side are reversed in the front-rear direction. That is, the light-emitting diode 7a of the first photosensor 7 and the phototransistor 8b of the second photosensor 8 are arranged adjacent to each other on the rear side of the rotation path of the shirter 6, and the photosensor of the first photosensor 7
- the light emitting diodes 8a of the transistor 7b and the second photosensor 8 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other on the front side of the rotation path.
- the phototransistor 7b receives light from the light-emitting diode 7a and the phototransistor 8b receives light from the light-emitting diode 8a at their light-receiving surfaces, and converts the received light into electrical signals. These electric signals are output as first and second detection signals SI and S2 corresponding to the rotation position of the key 4.
- the light path connecting the light-emitting diodes 7a, 8a and the light-receiving surfaces of the phototransistors 7b, 8b is opened, and light reception on the light-receiving surface is allowed, so that The amount of received light exceeds a predetermined level, and the collector-emitter of phototransistors 7b and 8b is in a conducting state, and a signal with an emitter power H level is output.
- this optical path when this optical path is blocked, light reception on the light receiving surface is blocked, and the amount of light received on the light receiving surface becomes less than a predetermined level, so that the collector-emitter becomes non-conductive and the emitter power L level Is output.
- a stopper 18 is provided between the hammer 5 and the string S.
- This stopper 18 is used to prevent the string S from being struck by the hammer 5 in the mute performance mode.
- the stopper 18 is composed of a main body 18a and a cushion (not shown) attached to the front end surface thereof. Has been.
- the stopper 18 is rotatably supported by a fulcrum 18b at the base end of the main body 18a, and is driven by a motor (not shown).
- the stagger 18 extends in the vertical direction in the normal performance mode and is driven to the retracted position (solid line position in FIG. 1) retracted from the rotation range of the hammer shank 5b of the hammer 5, while in the silence performance mode,
- the entry position (Fig. 1) extends in the direction and enters the rotation range of the hammer shank 5b. (The dotted line position).
- This motor is driven by a drive signal from the CPU 23.
- the shirter 6 opens and closes the optical paths of the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8, and the first and second detection signals SI and S 2 are output accordingly.
- FIG. 6 shows a timing chart of the first and second detection signals SI, S2 as the key 4 rotates.
- the shirter 6 opens the optical path of the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8, so that the first and second detection signals SI and S2 are both at the H level. Yes.
- the shirter 6 rotates downward accordingly, and when the left half 6L reaches the optical path of the first optical sensor 7, the optical path is interrupted.
- the first detection signal S1 falls to the H level force L level (timing t Do further rotating, the right half 6R of the shirt 6 reaches the optical path of the second optical sensor 8, and the By blocking the optical path, the second detection signal S2 falls from the H level to the L level (t2) .
- the key 4 returns in the opposite direction to that when the key is pressed.
- the optical path of the second optical sensor 8 is opened, the second detection signal S2 rises to the L level force H level (t3), and the return rotation further proceeds, the first light
- the optical path of sensor 7 is released, and the first detection signal S1 rises to L level force H level (t4).
- the musical sound generating device 10 generates a musical sound in the mute performance mode.
- the sensor scan circuit 22 includes first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 that are output from the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8.
- the on / off information of the key 4 and the key number information for identifying the key 4 turned on or off are detected, and the on / off information and key number information of the key 4 are Along with the first and second detection signals SI and S2, the key 4 is output to the CPU 23 as key depression information data.
- the sensor scan circuit 22 outputs the count value cnt to the CPU 23 because the second detection signal S2 is changed from the H level to the L level. .
- the ROM 24 stores, in addition to the control program executed by the CPU 23, fixed data for controlling the volume and the like.
- the RAM 25 temporarily stores status information indicating the operating state in the mute performance mode and is also used as a work area for the CPU 23.
- the sound source circuit 26 reads sound source waveform data and envelope data from the waveform memory 27 in accordance with the control signal from the CPU 23, and adds the envelope data to the read musical sound waveform data, thereby generating the original sound.
- a musical tone signal MS is generated.
- the DSP 28 adds a predetermined sound effect to the musical sound signal MS generated by the tone generator circuit 26.
- the D ZA conversion 29 converts the musical sound signal MS to which the sound effect is added by the DSP 28 into an analog signal also with the digital signal power.
- the power amplifier 30 amplifies the converted analog signal with a predetermined gain, and the speaker 31 reproduces the amplified analog signal and emits it as a musical sound.
- the CPU 23 constitutes a touch information detection unit, and controls the operation of the musical tone generator 10 in the mute performance mode.
- the CPU 23 determines the timing of sound generation and stop sound according to the first and second detection signals SI and S2 of the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8, and also according to the key pressing speed V of the key 4. Determine the velocity to control the volume.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a process for determining the timing of sound generation and stop sound. This process is performed sequentially for all 88 keys 4.
- step 1 illustrated as “S1”, the same applies hereinafter
- step 2 illustrated as “S1”, the same applies hereinafter
- the first detection signal S1 of the first photosensor 7 remains at the L level
- the second detection signal S2 of the second photosensor 8 is at the H level force L level. Determine whether the force has changed (Step 2).
- the sound generation start flag F—MSTR is set to “1” to start sounding (step 4).
- step 3 it is determined whether the first and second detection signals SI and S2 are both the H-level force and the L-level force between the previous time and the current time (Ste 3). If the determination result is YES and the optical paths of the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 are both blocked, it is determined that the key 4 has been pressed hard and the process proceeds to step 4 and the sound generation start flag F-MSTR is set to " Set to “1”. As described above, when the sound generation start flag F—MSTR is set to “1”, a sound generation start operation is started by outputting a control signal for starting sound generation to the sound source circuit 26.
- Step 5 it is determined whether or not the first detection signal S1 is a force that has changed from L level to H level (Step 5).
- the determination result is YES and the timing immediately after the optical path of the first optical sensor 7 is opened (t4 in FIG. 6)
- the sound generation stop flag is used to stop the sound generation, assuming that the key 4 has been released.
- F—Set MSTP to “1” step 6).
- the sound generation stop flag F-MSTP is set to “1” in this way, the sound generation stop operation is started by outputting a control signal for stopping sound generation to the sound source circuit 26.
- Step 7 when the determination result in Step 5 is NO, or after Step 4 or Step 6 is executed, the key number n is incremented (Step 7). Next, it is determined whether or not the incremented key number n is larger than the value 88 (step 8). If the determination result is NO and n ⁇ 88, the process returns to Step 2 and the above-described processing after Step 2 is repeatedly executed. On the other hand, when the determination result of step 8 is YES and n> 88, that is, when the above processing is completed for all 88 keys, this processing is terminated.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the above-described velocity determination process.
- the first detection signal SI is a force in which the H level force is also changed to the L level (step 11). If this determination result is YES and the optical path of the first optical sensor 7 is interrupted by the shirt 6 (tl in FIG. 6), the counter value cnt at that time is set as the first counter value C1 (Step 12). ), Go to step 13.
- step 12 is skipped and the process proceeds to step 13.
- step 13 it is determined whether or not the first detection signal S1 is at the L level and the second detection signal S2 is at the H level. If the determination result is YES and the shirt 6 has not blocked the optical path of the second optical sensor 8 after blocking the optical path of the first optical sensor 7, the counter value cn t is decremented (step 14). Proceed to step 15.
- step 13 determines whether or not the second detection signal S2 is a force in which the H level force has also changed to the L level.
- step 16 when the determination result in step 15 is YES and the optical path of the second optical sensor 8 is just after being interrupted (t2 in FIG. 6), the counter value cnt at this time is set as the second counter value C2. (Step 16).
- a deviation A cnt (Cl ⁇ C2) between the first counter value C1 and the second counter value C2 is calculated (step 17).
- this deviation ⁇ cnt was required for the shutter 6 to block the optical path of the second optical sensor 8 after blocking the optical path of the first optical sensor 7.
- the rotation stroke ST between the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 is divided by the deviation Acnt, and the value obtained by multiplying the divided value by a predetermined coefficient K is used to obtain the key pressing speed V of the key 4.
- This coefficient K is used to convert the deviation ⁇ cnt into time.
- the velocity is determined based on the key pressing speed V calculated in the step 18 (step 19), and this process is terminated.
- the force determination process performed by the CPU 23 based on the key depression information data from the sensor scan circuit 22 is performed in the velocity determination process.
- the key pressing information data may be detected and dedicated detection means for determining the velocity based on the detected key pressing information data, for example, a large-scale integrated circuit such as an LSI may be used. As a result, the load on the CPU 23 can be reduced.
- the light emitting diode 7a of the first optical sensor 7 and the phototransistor 8b of the second optical sensor 8 are arranged on the rear side of the rotation path of the shirter 6,
- the phototransistor 7b of the first optical sensor 7 and the light emitting diode 8a of the second optical sensor 8 are arranged on the front side of the rotation path. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the light from the light emitting diode 7a reaches the phototransistor 8b and never receives the light.
- the light from the light emitting diode 8a also reaches the phototransistor 7b and is received. There is nothing.
- the phototransistor 7b does not receive the light from the light emitting diode 8a with the shirter 6 closed only in the optical path of the light emitting diode 7a, unlike the conventional case, the rising edge of the first detection signal S1.
- the falling and rising timings tl, t4 are made to coincide with the actual opening / closing timing of the optical path by the shirter 6 and can be detected with high accuracy. Therefore, even when the light emitted from the light emitting diodes 7a and 8a has a divergence, it is possible to accurately detect the timing of key press and release without being affected by the other optical sensor, and to generate sound and stop sound.
- the timing of the key 4 can be determined properly, and the key pressing speed V can be detected with high accuracy.
- the timing of the falling and rising of the first detection signal S1 is determined according to the actual optical path of the shatter 6. It can be accurately detected by matching the opening and closing timing.
- the first and second detection signals S1 and S2 are not affected. As a result, it is possible to improve the mounting density of 7 and 8, and the detection interval of the key pressing speed V is shortened. For example, the key pressing speed V immediately before hitting the string S, which is important as key pressing information, is reduced. It is possible to detect with high accuracy.
- the light-emitting diode of the second optical sensor 8 is closed with the optical path of the first optical sensor 7 closed.
- the amount of the reflected light is reduced by the shirter 6. Therefore, even if the reflected light reaches the phototransistor 7b of the first optical sensor 7, adverse effects due to the reflected light can be reliably eliminated.
- the reflected light is reflected when the light from the light emitting diode 7 a of the first optical sensor 7 is reflected by the shirter 6. Since the amount of light is reduced, the adverse effect of the reflected light on the second optical sensor 8 can be reliably eliminated.
- FIG. 10 shows a modification of the first embodiment.
- the first and second photosensors 7 and 8 are arranged upright on the substrate 19 (see FIG. 2) on the shelf 3.
- the first and second photosensors 7 and 8 are arranged on the substrate 19 and the opening sides of the cases 7c and 8c face each other.
- the light emitting diode 7a of the first photosensor 7 and the phototransistor 8b of the second photosensor 8 are adjacent to each other on the rear side of the rotation path of the shirter 6.
- the phototransistor 7b of the first photosensor 7 and the light emitting diode 8a of the second photosensor 8 are arranged adjacent to each other on the front side of the rotation path.
- the light force from the light emitting diode 8a of the second photosensor 8 reaches the phototransistor 7b of the first photosensor 7 and is not received, so that the first embodiment described above The same effect can be obtained in the same way.
- the first and second photosensors 7 and 8 are disposed in a tilted state, so that the space between the shelf board 3 and the key 4 can be reduced, whereby the keyboard The instrument body can be downsized.
- FIG. 11 shows a touch detection device 35 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the touch detection device 35 includes a first shirt 40 provided on the key 4, a second shirt 41 provided on the hammer 5, and the like. Yes.
- the first shirt 40 is formed in a rectangular plate shape and attached to the lower surface of the key 4 so as to extend downward.
- a first optical sensor 42 is provided below the first shirt 40.
- the first optical sensor 42 is configured in the same manner as the first and second optical sensors 7 and 8 of the first embodiment, and includes a pair of light emitting diodes 42a and a phototransistor 42b, which are formed on a substrate 19 (FIG. 2). Is electrically connected).
- the second shirt 41 is formed in a rectangular plate shape, and is fixed to the back surface of the hammer shank 5b of the hammer 5 and extends rearward as shown in FIG. Similar to the shirt 6 of the first embodiment, the second shirt 41 is provided with a surface strength to reduce the amount of reflected light from the second shirt 41. Further, second and third optical sensors 43 and 44 are provided at predetermined positions behind the second shirt 41.
- the second and third optical sensors 43 and 44 are mounted on the substrate 45, and, like the first optical sensor 42, the pair of light emitting diodes 43a and the phototransistor 43b, the pair of light emitting diodes 44a and the photosensors Each of these transistors is composed of a transistor 44b.
- the second and third optical sensors 43 and 44 are arranged side by side along the rotation path of the second shirter 41.
- the substrate 45 is attached to a predetermined position of an attachment rail (not shown) in a state where it is inclined at a predetermined angle.
- the mounting rails are passed between brackets (both not shown) provided on the left and right ends of the shelf board 3, respectively.
- the light emitting diode 43a of the second photosensor 43 and the phototransistor 44b of the third photosensor 44 are arranged adjacent to each other on the right side of the rotation path of the second shirt 41, and the second photosensor
- the 43 phototransistors 43b and the light emitting diodes 44a of the third photosensor 44 are disposed adjacent to each other on the left side of the rotation path.
- the light emitting diodes 43a and 44a emit light toward the phototransistors 43b and 44b, respectively.
- the phototransistors 43b and 44b receive the light from the light emitting diodes 43a and 44a on their light receiving surfaces, respectively.
- the converted light is converted into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is output to the sensor scan circuit 22 as the second and third detection signals S12 and S13.
- FIG. 12 shows a timing chart of the first to third detection signals S 11 to S 13 that accompany the rotation of the key 4.
- the first shirt 40 is in the optical path of the first optical sensor 42.
- the second shirt 41 opens the optical paths of the second and third optical sensors 43 and 44, the first to third detection signals S11 to S13 are all at the H level.
- the first shirt 40 rotates downward as the key release state force is depressed.
- the first shirt 40 reaches the optical path of the first optical sensor 42 in the initial stage of this rotation, the optical path is blocked, and the first detection signal S11 falls to the H level force L level ( Timing tl 1).
- the second shirter 41 rotates integrally with the hammer 5.
- the optical path is blocked, and the second detection signal S12 falls from the H level to the L level ( tl2).
- the optical path of the third optical sensor 44 is interrupted by the second shirt 41. Go down (tl3).
- the key 4 and the hammer 5 return and rotate in the direction opposite to that when the key is pressed.
- the optical paths of the third optical sensor 44 and the second optical sensor 43 are opened in order, and the third detection signal S13 and the second detection signal S12 sequentially rise to the H level (tl4 , tl5).
- the optical path of the first optical sensor 42 is released, and the first detection signal S11 rises to the H level as well as the L level force (tl6).
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the sound generation and stop timing determination processing according to the first to third detection signals S 11 to S 13.
- the sound generation timing is determined according to the second and third detection signals S12 and S13, and the sound stop timing is determined according to the first detection signal S11.
- step 21 the key number n of the key 4 is initialized and set to a value 1 (step 21).
- step 22 the second detection signal S12 of the second optical sensor 43 remains at the L level, and the third detection signal S13 of the third optical sensor 44 also changes the H level force to the L level. It is determined whether or not it has been performed (step 22).
- the determination result is YES, that is, when the optical path of the second optical sensor 43 is blocked by the second shirt 41 and immediately after the optical path of the third optical sensor 44 is blocked (tl3 in FIG. 12).
- the sound generation start flag F—MSTR is set to “1” on the assumption that the timing immediately before the hammer shank 5b contacts the stopper 18, that is, the timing immediately before the hammer 5 strikes the string S (step 24). Further, based on the time difference (tl3 ⁇ tl2) of the timing when the second and third detection signals S12 and S13 fall to the L level, the rotation speed of the hammer 5, that is, the string striking speed is detected.
- step 22 determines whether or not both the second and third detection signals S12 and S13 have changed to the H level force L level between the previous time and the current time.
- Step 23 When the determination result is YES and the optical paths of the second and third optical sensors 43 and 44 are both blocked, it is determined that the key 4 is strongly pressed, and the process proceeds to step 24, and the sound generation start flag F_MSTR is set to “1”. Set to "".
- Step 25 it is determined whether or not the first detection signal S11 is a force in which the L level force has also changed to the H level (Step 25).
- the determination result is YES and the timing immediately after the optical path of the first optical sensor 42 is opened (tl6 in FIG. 12)
- the sound generation stop flag F is used to stop the sound generation, assuming that the key 4 is released.
- Set MSTP to “1” step 26.
- the subsequent processing is the same as the processing in FIG. 8 (steps 27 and 28).
- the light emitting diode 43a of the second photosensor 43 and the phototransistor 44b of the third photosensor 44 are arranged on the right side of the rotation path of the second shirt 41.
- the phototransistor 43b of the second photosensor 43 and the light emitting diode 44a of the third photosensor 44 are arranged on the left side of the rotation path. Therefore, the light of the light emitting diodes 44a and 43a of the other photosensor does not reach the phototransistors 43b and 44b of the second and third photosensors 43 and 44.
- the falling and rising timings tl2 and tl5 of the second detection signal S12 can be made to coincide with the actual opening / closing timing of the optical path by the second shirter 41, and can be detected with high accuracy.
- the timing of the stringing and the stringing speed by the hammer 5 that is not affected by the other optical sensor can be detected with high accuracy. The same effects as the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the second and third optical sensors 43 and 44 detect the string striking speed of the nom 5 and the light sensor 43 and 44, so that the distance between the optical sensors 43 and 44 is reduced. , Tatsuchi information It is possible to detect the actual striking speed of the hammer 5 with higher accuracy.
- the second shirt 41 has been subjected to surface treatment to reduce the amount of reflected light! / So that it is emitted from the light emitting diode 44a of the third light sensor 44, and the second shirt
- the adverse effect of the light reflected by 41 on the second optical sensor 43 can be reliably eliminated.
- the light from the light emitting diode 43a of the second photosensor 43 is reflected by the second shatter 41 even when the optical path of both the second and third photosensors 43 and 44 is closed by the second shutter 41.
- the adverse effect of the reflected light on the third optical sensor 44 can be reliably eliminated.
- the present invention can be implemented in various modes without being limited to the embodiments described.
- the force provided with two optical sensors in the vicinity of the key 4 in the first embodiment and the vicinity of the hammer 5 in the second embodiment may be further increased.
- two adjacent photosensors are arranged so that one light emitting diode and the other phototransistor are alternately arranged. Thereby, the effect described in the embodiment can be obtained between each two adjacent optical sensors.
- the first and second optical sensors 7, 8 are arranged in the left-right direction.
- the force may be arranged in the front-rear direction, and further along the rotation path of the shirter 6. May be arranged.
- the light emitting diode 7a of the first photosensor 7 and the phototransistor 8b of the second photosensor 8 are arranged on the rear side of the rotation path of the shirt 6 and the phototransistor 7b is on the front side of the rotation path.
- the power of arranging the light emitting diode 8a may be reversed. The same applies to the second embodiment.
- the force that forms the staircase 6 in a step shape is used. Also good.
- a force using a photo interrupter composed of a light emitting diode and a phototransistor as the light sensor may be used.
- Another type of suitable light sensor may be used.
- the light emitting unit is configured by a laser diode,
- a light receiving part configured with a photodiode or the like may be used.
- other appropriate means may be employed in addition to or instead of the force that is applied to the surface of the shirter such as a textured surface.
- Coloring may be applied on the part including the surface of the shirt Coloring.
- the shutter may be colored black, so that the light can be absorbed and the amount of reflected light can be reduced.
- the coloring may be performed after molding the shirt, or it may be performed, for example, using colored resin when molding the shirt!
- first optical sensor 42 In the second embodiment, only one first optical sensor 42 is disposed near the key 4. However, as in the first embodiment, two optical sensors are provided and the present invention is applied.
- the light emitting diodes and the phototransistors of the two optical sensors may be arranged opposite to each other with the rotation path of the shirter in between.
- the key release speed is detected according to the time difference between the rising timings of the two optical sensors, and the sound stop timing is determined based on the key release speed. In an acoustic piano, the way the danba works depends on whether the key 4 is released slowly or quickly.
- the key release speed is accurately detected, and the sound stop timing is determined based on the key release speed, so that the sound is stopped by the damper on the acoustic piano.
- the timing of this can be faithfully reproduced.
- the force that outputs the first to third detection signals S11 to S13 to one sensor scan circuit 22 is not limited to this.
- two sensor scan circuits are provided separately.
- the detection signal S 11 of the first optical sensor 42 arranged near the key 4 is output to one sensor scanning circuit, and the second and third of the second and third optical sensors 43 and 44 arranged near the hammer 5 are output.
- the detection signals S12 and S13 may be output to the other sensor scan circuit. In that case, each optical sensor and sensor scan circuit can be easily connected and the degree of freedom of arrangement of the optical sensor can be increased.
- the embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to the upright-type silencer piano 2, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a ground-type silencer piano. It can also be applied to other types of keyboard instruments such as a piano piano.
- the touch detection device 1 according to the first embodiment can be applied not only to an automatic performance piano or electronic piano having a hammer but also to other types of keyboard instruments such as an electronic piano having no hammer.
- the touch detection device for a keyboard musical instrument of the present invention is used for a mute piano, an automatic performance piano, an electronic piano, etc., and improves the mounting density of a plurality of photosensors and is affected by light from other photosensors. This is useful for accurately detecting the touch information of the key.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200680033336.1A CN101288114B (zh) | 2005-09-15 | 2006-04-07 | 键盘乐器的接触检测装置 |
DE112006002418.3T DE112006002418B4 (de) | 2005-09-15 | 2006-04-07 | Betätigungserfassungsvorrichtung für ein Tasteninstrument |
US12/067,031 US7893344B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2006-04-07 | Touch detecting device of keyboard instrument |
KR1020087006349A KR101275150B1 (ko) | 2005-09-15 | 2008-03-14 | 건반 악기의 터치 검출 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-269223 | 2005-09-15 | ||
JP2005269223A JP4822782B2 (ja) | 2005-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | 鍵盤楽器のタッチ検出装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007032115A1 true WO2007032115A1 (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
Family
ID=37864718
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/307459 WO2007032115A1 (ja) | 2005-09-15 | 2006-04-07 | 鍵盤楽器のタッチ検出装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7893344B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4822782B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101275150B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101288114B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006002418B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007032115A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR100909266B1 (ko) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-07-27 | 주식회사 미드무로 | 감도조절 기능을 갖는 건반악기용 건반동작 감지장치 |
KR100909270B1 (ko) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-07-27 | 주식회사 미드무로 | 감도조절 기능을 갖는 건반악기용 건반동작 감지장치 |
JP4859806B2 (ja) | 2007-10-11 | 2012-01-25 | 株式会社河合楽器製作所 | アップライト型ピアノ |
JP5209287B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-13 | 2013-06-12 | ローランド株式会社 | 電子楽器の操作位置検出装置 |
US8785758B2 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2014-07-22 | Inmusic Brands, Inc. | Electronic hi-hat cymbal controller |
US8519252B2 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2013-08-27 | Waleed Sami Haddad | Optoelectronic pickup for musical instruments |
EP2571016B1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2017-02-01 | Yamaha Corporation | Keyboard instrument |
US9047851B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2015-06-02 | Light4Sound | Optoelectronic pickup for musical instruments |
FI20135575L (fi) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-11-29 | Aalto Korkeakoulusäätiö | Tekniikoita musiikkiesityksen parametrien analysoimiseksi |
US20150013525A1 (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-15 | Miselu Inc. | Music User Interface Sensor |
US20150122112A1 (en) * | 2013-11-03 | 2015-05-07 | Miselu Inc. | Sensing key press activation |
GB2565614B (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2019-06-19 | Steinway Inc | Hammer velocity measurement system |
FR3028655B1 (fr) * | 2014-11-17 | 2019-10-18 | Claude Francis Juhen | Dispositif de commande, procede de fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif et systeme audiovisuel |
US10565973B2 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-02-18 | Home Box Office, Inc. | Audio waveform display using mapping function |
CN112634839A (zh) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-09 | 湖北华都钢琴制造股份有限公司 | 一种具有击弦机机构的数码钢琴电声装置及其发声控制方法 |
KR102423603B1 (ko) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-07-20 | 김인헌 | 디지털 피아노의 음 조절 장치 |
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JPH0816838B2 (ja) | 1988-08-03 | 1996-02-21 | 株式会社河合楽器製作所 | ピアノ自動演奏装置用センサ |
JPH0368999A (ja) * | 1989-08-08 | 1991-03-25 | Yamaha Corp | 自動演奏ピアノの打鍵状態検出装置 |
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-
2005
- 2005-09-15 JP JP2005269223A patent/JP4822782B2/ja active Active
-
2006
- 2006-04-07 US US12/067,031 patent/US7893344B2/en active Active
- 2006-04-07 CN CN200680033336.1A patent/CN101288114B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-04-07 DE DE112006002418.3T patent/DE112006002418B4/de active Active
- 2006-04-07 WO PCT/JP2006/307459 patent/WO2007032115A1/ja active Application Filing
-
2008
- 2008-03-14 KR KR1020087006349A patent/KR101275150B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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JPH03160496A (ja) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-07-10 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 電子楽器 |
JPH07160263A (ja) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-06-23 | Kawai Musical Instr Mfg Co Ltd | 鍵盤楽器の光スイッチ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101275150B1 (ko) | 2013-06-14 |
US7893344B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
CN101288114B (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
DE112006002418T5 (de) | 2008-07-24 |
JP4822782B2 (ja) | 2011-11-24 |
DE112006002418B4 (de) | 2018-03-01 |
KR20080046193A (ko) | 2008-05-26 |
CN101288114A (zh) | 2008-10-15 |
JP2007079312A (ja) | 2007-03-29 |
US20090178547A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
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