WO2006083041A1 - 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法並びに組成物 - Google Patents
熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法並びに組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006083041A1 WO2006083041A1 PCT/JP2006/302403 JP2006302403W WO2006083041A1 WO 2006083041 A1 WO2006083041 A1 WO 2006083041A1 JP 2006302403 W JP2006302403 W JP 2006302403W WO 2006083041 A1 WO2006083041 A1 WO 2006083041A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermally foamable
- polymerizable monomer
- polymer
- foamable microsphere
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermally foamable microsphere having a structure in which a foaming agent is enclosed in an outer shell formed from a polymer, and more specifically, contains ionic impurities such as sodium ions, magnesium ions, and chlorine ions. A small amount of heat-foaming microphone mouth.
- the present invention also relates to a thermally foamable microsphere with a low content of ionic impurities or a composition in which a foam thereof is dispersed in a polymer material, paint, adhesive, ink, or aqueous medium. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a thermally foamable microsphere with a low content of ionic impurities.
- Thermally expandable microspheres are volatile foaming agents made into microcapsules with a polymer and are also called thermally expandable microphone mouth capsules or thermally expandable microspheres.
- Thermally foamable microspheres can generally be produced by a method of suspension polymerization of a polymerizable monomer mixture containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a foaming agent in an aqueous dispersion medium. As the polymerization reaction progresses, the resulting polymer forms an outer shell, and a thermally foamable microsphere having a structure in which the foaming agent is enclosed in the outer shell is obtained.
- thermoplastic resin having a good gas barrier property is generally used as the polymer forming the outer shell.
- the polymer forming the outer shell is softened by heating. Low-boiling compounds such as hydrocarbons that become gaseous upon heating are used as blowing agents.
- heat-foamable microspheres are heated, the force that the foaming agent evaporates and expands acts on the outer shell.
- the elastic modulus of the polymer that forms the outer shell decreases rapidly. Therefore, sudden expansion occurs at a certain temperature. This temperature is called the foaming start temperature.
- Heat Foamable microspheres are themselves heated to a temperature above the foaming start temperature. Expands to form foam particles (closed cells).
- Thermally foamable microspheres are used in a wide range of fields as design-imparting agents, functionality-imparting agents, weight-reducing agents, etc., utilizing the properties of forming foam particles. More specifically, thermally foamable microspheres are used by adding them to polymer materials such as synthetic resins (thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins) and rubber, paints, inks, aqueous media, etc. ing. As higher performance is required in each field of application, the required level for thermally foamable microspheres is also increasing. One of the required performances for thermally foamable microspheres is a reduction in the content of ionic impurities.
- the heat-foamable microsphere is produced by a suspension polymerization method of a polymerizable mixture containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a foaming agent in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- the aqueous dispersion medium is generally prepared by adding a dispersion stabilizer or a dispersion aid to an aqueous dispersion medium such as ion-exchanged water in order to suspend the polymerizable mixture as stable and uniform droplets.
- a thermally foamable microsphere having a sharp particle size distribution can be obtained.
- an inorganic salt such as sodium chloride sodium sulfate as a dispersion aid
- a thermally foamable microsphere having a more uniform particle shape can be obtained.
- sodium nitrite is contained as a polymerization aid in the aqueous dispersion medium, aggregation of the polymer particles can be prevented during polymerization, and scale adhesion to the polymerization can wall can be prevented.
- Magnesium hydroxide colloid used as a dispersion stabilizer is sparingly water-soluble under the conditions of Al force, but when it is acidified or neutralized by adding acid after polymerization, it dissolves to produce magnesium ions To do.
- Inorganic salts such as sodium chloride are contained in the polymerization reaction mixture and become ionizable impurities.
- Sodium nitrite may partially decompose under acidic conditions to generate sodium ions.
- the foamed microspheres are filtered from the polymerization reaction mixture and washed with water to remove impurities.
- the heat-foamable microspheres purified by ordinary washing have a small amount, such as sodium ions.
- Periodic Table 1 Group A metal ions also referred to as “alkali metal ions”
- Periodic Table 2 such as magnesium ions
- Group A metal ions (broadly defined “alkaline earth metal ions”)
- Halogen ions such as chlorine ions
- thermofoaming microspheres In order to reduce the weight of the chip-resistant paint applied to the bottom of the car body, if a chip-resistant paint with the addition of heat-foaming microspheres is used, the ionized impurities contained in the heat-foaming microphone mouth swf air It will cause rust at the bottom.
- Adhesive sheets containing thermally foamable microspheres in the adhesive layer have a reduced adhesive strength when thermally foamed microspheres are heated and foamed. Suitable for applications such as labels. A small amount of ionic impurities contained in the thermofoaming microspheres can contaminate electronic components, corrode metal parts and metal parts.
- the outer shell polymer is formed using a polymerizable monomer having a bonded halogen atom (also referred to as “halogenated polymerizable monomer”), Halogen ions such as chlorine ions are likely to be generated by heating during molding and drying. .
- a heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet in which a heat-expandable pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing heat-expandable microspheres (that is, heat-expandable microspheres) is formed on at least one surface of a substrate
- a heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet containing a corrosion-inhibiting component in the adhesive pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 20 0 4-1 75 9 60).
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 20 0 4-1 75 9 60 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 20 0 4-1 75 9 60.
- a corrosion-inhibiting component such as an ion adsorbent or an antifungal agent
- An object of the present invention is to provide a heat-foamable microphone mouth sponge that has a low content of ionic impurities and satisfies the required level of corrosion prevention and the like.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition containing thermally foamable microspheres in which the content of ionic impurities is reduced.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a heat-foamable microsphere having a desired level of conductivity and thus a desired ionic impurity content by controlling the washing process by a simple method. There is.
- the conductivity of the water extract of the heat-foamable microsphere is less than or equal to lm SZ cm (10 00 ⁇ S / cm), preferably 0.
- the content of ionic impurities such as sodium ion, magnesium ion and chlorine ion satisfies the required level of corrosion prevention and Z or pollution prevention. It has been found that a thermally foamable microsphere can be obtained.
- thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention or a foam thereof is dispersed in a polymer material, paint, adhesive, ink, or aqueous medium, a composition that does not cause inconvenience such as corrosion or contamination due to ionic impurities is produced.
- a composition that does not cause inconvenience such as corrosion or contamination due to ionic impurities is produced.
- a thermally foamable microsphere having a structure in which a foaming agent is encapsulated in an outer shell formed of a polymer, and includes the following steps 1 and 2:
- thermoly foamable microspheres or foams thereof are dispersed in a polymer material, paint, adhesive, ink, or aqueous medium.
- a polymerizable monomer mixture containing at least a foaming agent and a polymerizable monomer is suspension-polymerized in an aqueous dispersion medium, and the outer shell formed from the produced polymer is subjected to suspension polymerization.
- a method for producing a thermally foamable microsphere comprising a polymerization step of synthesizing a thermally foamable microsphere having a structure in which a foaming agent is enclosed, and a washing step of washing the thermally foamable microsphere, In the washing process, washing with ion-exchanged water and filtration are performed.
- Figure 1 shows the relationship between the conductivity of the filtrate and the conductivity of thermally foamable microspheres. It is a graph.
- Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the conductivity of thermally foamable microspheres and the content of ionic impurities (sodium ion and chlorine ion).
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention has a structure in which a foaming agent is enclosed in an outer shell formed from a polymer.
- a thermally foamable microsphere having such a structure can be produced by a method in which a polymerizable monomer is subjected to suspension polymerization in the presence of a foaming agent in an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion stabilizer. it can.
- the polymer that forms the outer shell includes the group consisting of salt vinylidene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, bully aromatic compounds, and butyl acetate.
- a homopolymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer or a polymerizable monomer mixture containing at least one vinyl monomer selected from the above is preferred.
- thermally foamable microspheres with low halogen ion content such as chloride ions
- thermally foamable microspheres that are less prone to dehalogenation during ripening treatment contain haguchigen atoms such as chlorine atoms. It is preferable not to use at all the power to reduce the proportion of the polymerizable monomer used.
- Examples of the acrylates include, but are not limited to, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and dipentapentyl acrylate.
- Examples of the methacrylic acid esters include, but are not limited to, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid ethyl, butyl metatalylate, and isobornyl methacrylate.
- Examples of vinyl aromatic compounds include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, and halogenated styrene. It is not limited to it.
- vinyl monomer examples include nitrile monomers such as ⁇ -chloroacrylo-tolyl, ⁇ -ethoxyacrylonitrile, and fumaronitrile; vinyl chloride; black mouth prene, isoprene, butadiene.
- Conjugated gens such as: ⁇ -Fermalimide, ⁇ -Naphthinoremaleimide, ⁇ -Silk-hexylmaleimide, Methylmaleimide, etc. ⁇ -Substituted maleimides; Crotonic acid, Hydrous maleic acid, etc.
- Other bull monomers such as unsaturated acids can be used as required.
- the polymer forming the outer shell is preferably excellent in gas barrier properties, and is excellent in gas barrier properties, heat resistance, and solvent resistance. More preferred. From these viewpoints, as the polymer forming the outer shell, vinylidene chloride (co) polymer and (meth) acrylonitrile (co) polymer are preferable, and vinylidene chloride copolymer and (meth) acrylo-tolyl copolymer are preferable. A polymer is more preferable, and a (meth) acrylonitrile copolymer is particularly preferable. Furthermore, a copolymer composed of a monobule monomer having no halogen atom or nitrile group can also be used.
- Examples of the vinylidene chloride (co) polymer include a homopolymer and a copolymer obtained by using vinylidene chloride alone or a mixture of vinylidene chloride and a copolymerizable bulu monomer.
- Examples of the butyl monomer copolymerizable with chlorovinylidene include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methacrylic acid ester, acrylic acid ester, styrene, and butyl acetate.
- Such vinylidene chloride (co) polymers include: (ii) 30 to 100% by weight of vinylidene chloride; (iii) acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylate ester, methacrylate ester, styrene and butyl acetate A (co) polymer obtained by using a polymerizable monomer or a polymerizable monomer mixture containing 0 to 70% by weight of at least one vinylene monomer selected from the group consisting of If the copolymerization ratio of vinylidene chloride is less than 30% by weight, it is difficult to sufficiently increase the gas barrier properties of the outer shell.
- (meth) acrylonitrile means acrylonitrile and Z or methacrylonitrile.
- (meth) acrylonitrile means at least one -tolyl monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile and methacrylo-tolyl.
- nitrile monomer together with acrylonitrile and Z or methacrylonitrile, if necessary, “monochloroacrylonitrile, monoethoxyacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile, etc. may be used in combination.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylonitrile (co) polymer include (meth) acrylonitrile alone or a copolymer obtained using (meth) acrylonitrile and a butyl monomer copolymerizable therewith.
- the butyl monomer copolymerizable with (meth) acrylonitrile vinylidene chloride, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, styrene, and butyl acetate are preferred.
- (Co) polymers obtained using a polymerizable monomer or a polymerizable monomer mixture are preferred.
- the copolymerization ratio of (meth) atarylonitrile is 30% by weight. If it is less than 0 , the solvent resistance and heat resistance are insufficient.
- the (meth) acrylonitrile (co) polymer has a high proportion of (meth) acrylonitrile and a high foaming temperature (co) polymer and a small proportion of (meth) acrylonitrile and a low foaming temperature (co) It can be divided into polymers.
- the (co) polymer with a small proportion of (meth) acrylo-tolyl used is (C) at least one nitrile monomer selected from the group consisting of (C) attarilonitrile and methacrylonitrile 30% by weight More than 70% by weight, and (D) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (S) vinylidene chloride, ester ester, methacrylic acid ester, styrene, and vinyl acetate. And a copolymer obtained using a polymerizable monomer or a polymerizable monomer mixture containing 0% by weight or less.
- a (meth) acrylonitrile (co) polymer obtained by using a polymerizable monomer or a polymerizable monomer mixture containing% is preferred.
- the (meth) acrylonitrile copolymer includes (E1) acrylonitrile 1 to 99% by weight and (E2) methacrylonitrile 1 to 99% by weight. / 0 and (F) a polymerizable monomer mixture containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of asteryl acid ester and methacrylate ester, 0 to 70% by weight. Polymers are preferred.
- thermoplastic properties that are particularly excellent in processability, foaming properties, gas barrier properties, solvent resistance, etc.
- at least one kind of tolyl monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile and meta-tallow-trinole power, 70 to 99% by weight and other bulle monomers 1 to 30 A (meth) acrylonitrile copolymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer mixture containing 5% by weight is preferred.
- acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile are preferably used in combination, and the ratio of 20 to 80% by weight of acrylonitrile or 20 to 80% by weight of methacrylonitrile
- the nitrile monomer mixture contained in is more preferable.
- the proportion of the nitrile monomer is preferably 80 to 99% by weight, more preferably 85 to 98% by weight.
- acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters are preferable, but the above-mentioned various bull monomers other than these can also be used.
- Examples of the polymer forming the outer shell include copolymers having no bonded halogen atom or nitrile group.
- Examples of the copolymer having no bonded halogen atom or nitrile group include (G1) 1 to 40% by weight of at least one butyl monomer selected from vinyl monomers of unsaturated acids, (G2) acrylic ester And at least one kind of bule monomer selected from methacrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters. 20 to 9 weight% / 0 , and if necessary (G3) Other vinyl monomers 0 to 5 weight% And a copolymer obtained by polymerizing.
- the above-mentioned bulle monomer and the crosslinkable monomer can be used in combination as the polymerizable monomer.
- a crosslinkable monomer By using a crosslinkable monomer in combination, processability, foaming characteristics, heat resistance, solvent resistance, etc. can be improved.
- the crosslinkable monomer a polyfunctional compound having two or more polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds is used. Examples of the polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond include a bur group, a methacryl group, an acrylic group, and an aryl group. Two or more polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds may be the same or different.
- crosslinkable monomer examples include aromatic dibule compounds such as dibenzene benzene, dibulanaphthalene, and derivatives thereof; ethylene glycol diacrylate, 'diethylene glycol / resiphthalate, ethylene glyconoresidate methacrylate, Diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butyldarlicol dimetathalyl ester ethylenic unsaturated force rubonic acid ester; 1,4 monobutanediol, 1,9-nonanediol-derived acrylate or Bifunctional crosslinkable monomers such as methacrylate; N, N-dibuaniline, divinyl ether such as divinyl ether;
- trifunctional or higher polyfunctional crosslinkable monomer examples include trimethylolpropane tritalylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tritalylate, pentaerythritol trioletrimethacrylate, triacrylyl formal, and triaryl isocyanate. It is done.
- a bifunctional crosslinkable monomer having two polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds is preferable because it is easy to balance foamability and processability.
- the bifunctional crosslinkable monomer may be directly or indirectly via a flexible chain derived from a diol compound selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, alkyl diol, alkyl ether diol, and alkyl ester diol.
- a diol compound selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, alkyl diol, alkyl ether diol, and alkyl ester diol.
- it is preferably a compound having a structure in which two polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds are linked.
- bifunctional crosslinkable monomer having a structure in which two polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds are linked via the above-described flexible chain examples include, for example, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimetatalylate. , Polypropylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate, alkyl diol diacrylate, alkyl diol dimethacrylate, alkyl ether diol diacrylate, alkyl ether diol dimethacrylate, alkyl ester diol ditalate, alkyl ester diol And dimethatalylate, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
- examples of the bifunctional crosslinkable monomer include polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate such as diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.
- Rate [Ethylene oxide units (one CH 2 CH 2 O—) is usually 2 to: 5 I]];
- Polypropylene glycol di (meth) ate relates such as uruji (meth) acrylate and tetrapropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate [Propylene oxide unit [-CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 O-] or [One CH 2.
- CH (CH 3 ) O 1] is usually 2 to 20]; ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-propanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1, 4-Butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-butylene diol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di (meth) acrylate , Neopentylglycol di (meth) acrylate, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol di (meth) acrylate, 2— Tinole 1,8-octanediol di (meth) acrylate, 2,4-jetyl _ 1,5 _pentanediol di (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy-1,3 _propanediol di (meth) acryl
- each aliphatic carbon is not the same.
- Hydroxypiparic acid neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate such as di (meth) acrylate [flexible chain is composed of aliphatic carbon and ester bond. (1 —COO—R 2 —)];
- (meta) atelate means attalate or metaacrylate.
- the proportion of the crosslinkable monomer used is usually 5 parts by weight or less, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 4 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the bull monomer. Part, Particularly preferred is 0.1 to 3 parts by weight. If the use ratio of the crosslinkable monomer is too small, the processability is lowered, and if it is too large, the thermoplasticity of the polymer forming the outer shell is lowered and foaming becomes difficult.
- blowing agents examples include ethane, ethylene, propane, propene, n-butane, isobutane, butene, isobutene, n-pentane, isopentane (ie, 2-methylbutane), neopentane, isooctane (ie, 2, 2, 4 Monotrimethylpentane), n-hexane, isohexane, n-heptane, isododecane (ie 2, 2, 4, 6, 6-pentamethylheptane), hydrocarbons such as petroleum ether; CCI 3 F , CC 1 2 F 3 , CC 1 F 3 , CC 1 F 3 — CC 1 2 F 2 and other fluorocarbons; tetramethylenosilane, trimethylethylenosilane, trimethylisoprovirsilane, trimethyl_n-provir And tetraalkylsilanes such as silane. These blowing agents can be used
- blowing agents isobutane, n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, isohexane, n-heptane, isoheptane, n-octane, isooctane, isododecane, petroleum ether, and these A mixture of two or more of these is preferred.
- the foaming agent a compound that is thermally decomposed by heating to become gaseous may be used.
- the proportion of the blowing agent encapsulated in the thermally foamable microsphere is usually 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 7 to 40% by weight based on the total amount. / 0 . Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the use ratio of the polymerizable monomer and the foaming agent so that the ratio of the outer shell polymer and the foaming agent becomes the above ratio after the polymerization.
- the thermally foamable microspheres of the present invention can be produced by a method in which a polymerizable monomer is subjected to suspension polymerization in the presence of a foaming agent in an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion stabilizer.
- a polymerizable monomer mixture containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a foaming agent is dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium to form droplets of an oily polymerizable monomer mixture (granulation step or suspension). Sometimes called a turbid process.)
- a polymerizable initiator is used Then, the polymerizable monomer is polymerized.
- suspension polymerization a thermally foamable microsphere having a structure in which a foaming agent is enclosed in an outer shell formed from the produced polymer can be obtained.
- an oil-soluble polymerization initiator that is soluble in a force-polymerizable monomer that can be generally used in this technical field is preferable.
- a polymerization initiator for example, dihydric peroxide, diacyl peroxide, peroxyester, peroxydicarbonate, and azo compound may be mentioned.
- polymerization initiator examples include: methyl ethyl peroxide, di-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide such as dicumyl peroxide; isobutyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, 2,4-dichloromethane Benzylperoxide, 3, 5, 5-dimethyl peroxide such as trimethylhexanol peroxide; t-butyl peroxypivalate, t-hexyl peroxypivalate, t-butyl peroxy Neodecanoate, t-hexylperoxyneodecanoate, 1-dioxyhexylol 1-methinoleethylperoxyneodecanoate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylper Oxyneodecanoate, cumylperoxyneodecanoate, (a, a bisneodecanoylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene Peroxyesters
- the polymerization initiator is usually contained in the polymerizable monomer mixture, but if it is necessary to suppress premature polymerization, a part or all of the polymerization initiator is added to the aqueous dispersion medium during or after the granulation step. It may be added in and transferred into droplets of the polymerizable monomer mixture. 'The polymerization initiator is usually from 0.0 to 0.01 to 3 weights based on the aqueous dispersion medium. /. Used at a rate of Is done.
- Suspension polymerization is generally performed in an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion stabilizer.
- the dispersion stabilizer include silica, calcium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate, calcium oxalate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, carbonic acid. Examples include magnesium.
- These dispersion stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the dispersion stabilizer is usually used at a ratio of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer.
- dispersion aids for example, condensation products of diethanolamine and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, condensation products of urea and formaldehyde, polybutyrrolidone, polyethylene Oxide, polyethyleneimine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, gelatin, methyl cellulose, polybulal alcohol, dioctylsulfosuccinate, sorbitan ester, various emulsifiers, and the like can be used.
- An aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion stabilizer is usually prepared by adding a dispersion stabilizer or a dispersion aid to water such as deionized water.
- the pH of the aqueous phase at the time of polymerization is appropriately determined depending on the type of dispersion stabilizer and dispersion aid used.
- silica such as colloidal silica
- polymerization is performed under acidic conditions.
- an acid is added as necessary to adjust 11 to about 3-4.
- a dispersion stabilizer such as magnesium hydroxide or calcium phosphate is used, it is polymerized under alkaline conditions.
- One preferred combination of dispersion stabilizers is a combination of colloidal silica and a condensation product.
- a condensation product of diethanolamine and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is preferable, and a condensation product of diethanolamine and adipic acid is more preferable as a condensation product of diethanolamine and itaconic acid.
- the acid value (mg KOH / g) of the condensation product is preferably 60 or more and less than 95, more preferably 65 or more and 90 or less.
- an inorganic salt such as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate is added as a dispersion aid, a foamable microsphere having a more uniform particle shape can be easily obtained.
- sodium chloride is preferably used as sodium chloride is preferably used.
- the amount of colloidal silica used varies depending on the particle size, but is usually 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 15 parts by weight, based on 1 to 0 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer. is there.
- the condensation product is usually used at a ratio of 0.05 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer.
- the inorganic salt is usually used in a proportion of 0 to 1550 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer.
- Another preferred combination of the dispersion stabilizer is a combination of colloidal silica and a water-soluble nitrogen-containing compound.
- water-soluble nitrogen-containing compound examples include polypyrrole pyrrolidone, polyethylene imine, polyoxyethylene anoleno mine, polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and polydialkylaminoalkyl represented by polydimethylaminoethyl acrylate.
- polydimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, polydialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide represented by polydimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, polyacrylamide, polycationic acrylamide, polyamine sulfone, Polyallylamin can be mentioned.
- a combination of colloidal silica / silica and polyvinylpyrrolidone is preferably used.
- another preferred combination is a combination of magnesium hydroxide and / or calcium phosphate and an emulsifying agent.
- a poorly water-soluble metal hydroxide for example, obtained by reaction in a water phase of a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt compound (for example, magnesium chloride) and an alkali metal hydroxide (for example, sodium hydroxide)
- a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt compound for example, magnesium chloride
- an alkali metal hydroxide for example, sodium hydroxide
- Magnesium hydroxide colloid
- calcium phosphate a reaction product in an aqueous phase of sodium phosphate and rutile chloride can be used.
- An emulsifier is not generally used, but an anionic surfactant, for example, dialkylsulfosuccinate or polyoxyethylene alkyl (aryl) ether phosphate ester / re etc. may be used if desired.
- At least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrite, stannous chloride, stannic chloride, water-soluble ascorbic acid, and boric acid may be present. It can.
- the polymerization particles do not aggregate during the polymerization, and the polymer can be polymerized into a polymerization vessel. It is possible to produce a thermally foamable microphone mouth sponge stably without removing the heat generated by polymerization without adhering to the wall.
- Ascorbic acids include ascorbic acid, metal salts of ascorbic acid, esters of ascorbic acid, etc.
- water-soluble ones are preferably used.
- the water-soluble ascorbic acids mean those having a solubility in water of 23 ° C. of 1 g Zl 0 0 cm 3 or more.
- L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), sodium ascorbate, and ryuscorbic acid are particularly preferably used from the viewpoints of availability, price, and action and effect.
- These compounds are usually used at a ratio of 0.001 to 1 part by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.1 part by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer. .
- each component is added to the aqueous dispersion medium is arbitrary, but usually water and a dispersion stabilizer, and if necessary, a dispersion aid or a polymerization aid are added to the water containing the dispersion stabilizer.
- a system dispersion medium is prepared.
- the blowing agent, the bull monomer and the crosslinkable monomer may be separately integrated into the aqueous dispersion medium in addition to the aqueous dispersion medium to form a polymerizable monomer mixture. These are mixed and then added to the aqueous dispersion medium.
- the polymerization initiator can be added to the polymerizable monomer in advance, but if it is necessary to avoid premature polymerization, for example, the polymerizable monomer mixture is added to the aqueous dispersion medium. Then, a polymerization initiator may be added while stirring, and may be integrated in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- the polymerization monomer mixture and the aqueous dispersion medium may be mixed in a separate container, mixed with a stirrer or disperser having high shearing force, and then charged into the polymerization can. 'By stirring and mixing the polymerizable monomer mixture and the aqueous dispersion medium, droplets of the polymerizable monomer mixture are formed in the aqueous dispersion medium.
- the average particle size of the droplets is substantially the same as the average particle size of the target heat-expandable microsphere, usually 1 to 2200 m, preferably 3 to: I 5 0 jum, particularly preferably Is 5: LOO / m.
- an aqueous dispersion medium and a polymerizable monomer mixture are fed into a continuous high-speed rotation high shear type stirring and dispersing machine, and the stirring and dispersing machine is used. After stirring and dispersing both continuously, the resulting dispersion was It is preferable to employ a method of injecting into a polymerization tank and performing suspension polymerization in the polymerization tank.
- the droplets may be granulated by stirring and mixing with a batch type high speed rotation high shear type dispersion group.
- -Suspension polymerization is generally carried out by degassing the reactor or substituting with an inert gas and raising the temperature to 30 to 100 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature may be controlled at a constant temperature, or polymerization may be carried out stepwise.
- the reaction mixture containing the produced thermally foamable microspheres is treated by a method such as filtration, centrifugation or sedimentation to separate the thermally foamable microspheres from the reaction mixture.
- the dispersion stabilizer may be solubilized by acid treatment or alkali treatment.
- the separated thermally foamable microspheres are collected in the form of a wet cake after washing and filtering. If necessary, the thermally foamable microspheres should not start foaming.
- thermally foamable microspheres with reduced ionic impurity content examples include periodic tables such as sodium ions and potassium ions. (Alkali metal ions); Periodic table of magnesium ions, calcium ions, etc. 2 Group A metal ions (broadly defined alkaline earth metal ions); Halogens such as chloride ions, chloride ions, fluoride ions, fluoride ions Ion; Typical examples of ionic impurities are sodium ion, magnesium ion and chlorine ion.
- magnesium hydroxide colloids used as dispersion stabilizers
- inorganic salts such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate used as dispersion aids
- salts used as polymerizable monomers It comes from vinylidene.
- the washing step after polymerization washing is performed until the conductivity of the thermally foamable microspheres reaches a desired level.
- problems due to ionic impurities contained in heat-foaming micro-spheres were not fully recognized, and increasing the number of water washings and the amount of water used reduced filtration time and decreased productivity.
- the current situation is that sufficient cleaning has not been performed due to the increase in the amount of drainage.
- the present inventor has found that there is a certain relationship between the conductivity of the thermally foamable microsphere and the content of ionic impurities.
- the electrical conductivity of the thermally foamable microsphere means the electrical conductivity of the water extract when the thermally foamable microsphere is extracted with water.
- the method for measuring the electrical conductivity of the water extract of the thermally foamable microspheres is as follows.
- Step 1 of preparing a dispersion by dispersing 5 g of thermally foamable microspheres in 20 g of ion-exchanged water having a pH of 7 and a conductivity of ⁇ 1 at a temperature of 25 ° C; as well as
- ion-exchanged water As ion-exchanged water, ion-exchanged water whose ⁇ has become 7 (7 ⁇ 0.3) by cation exchange treatment and anion exchange treatment is used. ⁇ ⁇ of ion-exchanged water is measured using a ⁇ ⁇ meter. 2 Let ⁇ 1 be the conductivity of ion-exchanged water of ⁇ ⁇ 7 measured at 5 ° C. The difference ⁇ 2 _ ⁇ 1 between the conductivity ⁇ 2 of the water extract and the conductivity ⁇ 1 of the ion exchange water is obtained. Conductivity is measured using a conductivity meter.
- This difference 2_ ⁇ 1 is 1 mS / cm (l OOOS / cm) or less, preferably 0.5 mS / cm (500 S / cm) or less, more preferably 0. l mS / cm (l OO ⁇ S / cm) or less, particularly preferably 0.05 mSZc m (SO ⁇ u SZc m) or less.
- this difference ⁇ 2 _ ⁇ 1 should be less than 0.03 mS / cm (3 0, u S / cm), or even 0.0 2 mS / cm ( 20 ⁇ S / cm) or below 0. Ol mS / cm (10 ⁇ S / cm) or below.
- the content of ionic impurities can be reduced by reducing the electrical conductivity of the thermally foamable microsphere.
- the ionizable impurity content of the heat-foamable microspheres was determined using ion chromatography on the hot-water extract obtained by dispersing the heat-foamable microspheres lg in 50 ml of ultrapure water and extracting at 40 ° C for 1 hour.
- the concentration of ionic impurities can be measured using a graph, and the ion content (g / g) per lg of heat-foamable microspheres can be measured.
- the Ultrapure water is water that contains virtually no ionic components.
- the unit of ion content, gZg is equivalent to P pm when expressed as a fraction of thermally foamable microspheres.
- sodium ions usually 1000 ⁇ g / / g or less, preferably be reduced to 700 g / g or less, more preferably 500 g / g or less, particularly preferably below 3 00 ⁇ g / "g
- the content of sodium ions can be reduced to 100 ⁇ gZ g or less, and even 50 / gZg or 30 gZg or less. It is preferable to reduce the content of group 2A metal ions such as alkali metal ions and magnesium ions to the same level as sodium ions.
- halogen ions such as chlorine ions
- the content of halogen ions such as chloride ions is 200 g / g or less, and even 100 ⁇ g / g or 50 ⁇ g / g or less. Can be reduced.
- the content of the ionic impurities is within the above range, it is possible to suppress the corrosion prevention of the metal and the contamination of the electronic component.
- the content of ionic impurities can be appropriately adjusted according to the use of the thermally foamable microsphere. .
- the present inventor suspension polymerizes a polymerizable monomer mixture containing at least a foaming agent and a polymerizable monomer in an aqueous dispersion medium, and foams the foaming agent into an outer shell formed from the resulting polymer.
- a process for producing a thermally foamable microsphere comprising a polymerization step for synthesizing a thermally foamable microsphere having a structure in which is encapsulated, and a washing step for washing the thermally foamable microsphere, the washing step In this case, washing with ion-exchanged water and filtration are performed.
- the conductivity of the filtrate is measured, and the conductivity between the conductivity of the filtrate prepared in advance and the conductivity of the water extract of the thermally foamable microsphere is measured. Based on the relational expression, it was found that a thermally foamable microsphere having a desired conductivity can be obtained. It was.
- ion-exchanged water it is preferable to use ion-exchanged water with a pH of about 7. ⁇
- the electrical conductivity of the thermally foamable microsphere is the electrical conductivity of the water extract obtained by measurement by the same method as described above. It is desirable to measure the conductivity of the filtrate and the conductivity of the water extract of the thermally foamable microsphere at the same measurement temperature.
- the measurement temperature is preferably 25 ° C. (25 ⁇ 0.2 ° C.) as described above.
- any means such as natural filtration, suction filtration, and centrifugal separation can be employed.
- the washing step the aqueous dispersion containing the heat-foamable microspheres obtained in the polymerization step is filtered, and the wet cake containing the heat-foamable microspheres is brought into contact with ion exchange water. Wash and filter the wash water after washing.
- the filtrate obtained by filtration contains ionic impurities.
- the cleaning process may be performed batchwise or continuously.
- the aqueous dispersion containing the heat-foamable microspheres obtained in the polymerization process is filtered through a filter, and then the cake containing the heat-foamable microspheres. Introduce ion exchange water to wash, and filter the wash water. Usually, washing with ion-exchanged water and filtration are repeated several times.
- the filtrate conductivity is measured at each washing time, and the desired conductivity is calculated based on the relational expression between the conductivity of the filtrate prepared in advance and the conductivity of the water extract of the thermally foamable microspheres.
- the thermal foamable microspheres shown are obtained. According to this method, heat foamable microspheres with the desired conductivity can be obtained based on the conductivity of the filtrate, so the amount of ion-exchanged water used for washing and the number of washings can be controlled to a minimum. It becomes possible to do. In addition, a product having a certain quality can be manufactured by the method i.
- an aqueous dispersion containing a heat-foamable microsphere obtained in the polymerization process is introduced into a centrifugal dehydrator and dehydrated by centrifugation.
- dehydration is performed by centrifugation while continuously showering ion-exchanged water on the cake containing the thermally foamable microspheres in the centrifugal dehydrator.
- Sampling the filtrate obtained by dehydration continuously or intermittently Measure power.
- a heat-foamable microsphere exhibiting the desired conductivity can be obtained, so the amount of ion-exchanged water used for washing and the washing time are controlled to a minimum. It becomes possible.
- This method also makes it possible to produce products with a certain quality.
- an aqueous dispersion containing thermally foamable microspheres obtained in the polymerization process is supplied to a vacuum belt filter equipped with an endless filter cloth that can run around.
- the cake is formed on the filter cloth by filtering the aqueous dispersion, the cake is washed by showering with ion-exchanged water, and the cake is vacuum dehydrated.
- One example is a sequential method. Sample the filtrate obtained by vacuum dehydration continuously or intermittently and measure its conductivity.
- the relationship between the electrical conductivity of the filtrate and the electrical conductivity of the water extract of the heat-foamable microsphere is obtained by regression analysis of the database using the measured results of each conductivity as a database. It can be obtained by creating a relational expression of a linear model, a log-log model, or a semi-log model. Among these models, the following equation (1) is used, where the conductivity X of the filtrate is the independent variable and the conductivity y of the water extract of the thermal foamable microsphere is the dependent variable.
- Each parameter in relational expression (1) varies depending on the type of polymerizable monomer used in the polymerization, the type and amount of the dispersion stabilizer and the dispersion aid, the amount of washing water used, and the like. Therefore, these parameters are determined according to the polymerization conditions and washing conditions. If a given polymerization recipe is established, basically the same relational expression can be used. By substituting the target conductivity of the heat foamable micros: air into this relational expression (1), the conductivity of the corresponding filtrate can be calculated. Therefore, in the washing process, by monitoring the conductivity of the filtrate, the amount of washing water used and the number of washings can be adjusted, and if the efficiency is reduced by excessive washing, the cost can be suppressed. . Conversely, by measuring the conductivity of the filtrate, Since it is possible to predict the electrical conductivity of the sulfur and the content of ionic impurities such as sodium ions and chlorine ions, advanced quality control can be performed by a simple method. ,
- the relational expression (1) can be used as it is for the measurement of the conductivity of the thermally foamable microsphere, but it can also be graphed as shown in FIG. Based on the graph of Fig. 1, the conductivity of the thermally foamable microsphere can be easily read from the measured value of the conductivity of the filtrate.
- the heat-foamable microspheres thus obtained can be surface treated with various compounds as desired.
- the surface of the thermogenic foam microsphere can be coated with various materials.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention has a structure in which a foaming agent is inserted into an outer shell formed from a polymer.
- the polymer that forms the outer shell is formed by polymerization of a polymerizable monomer (mainly a bull monomer).
- a polymerizable monomer mainly a bull monomer.
- the polymer is preferably a salt-vinylidene (co) polymer or a (meth) atarionitrile (co) polymer, more preferably a vinylidene chloride copolymer and a (meth) acrylonitrile copolymer, particularly preferably (Meth) Atalilonitrile copolymer
- the gas barrier property is improved, and furthermore, heat resistance is excellent in dissolution resistance.
- An outer shell can be formed.
- a polymerizable monomer a polymerizable monomer containing a bonded halogen atom such as chlorovinylidene is not used at all, or if the use ratio is small, such as chlorine ion resulting from dechlorination reaction. Halogen generation can be suppressed.
- a salt of vinylidene chloride is generally used, so that the thermally foamable microspheres often contain chloride ions.
- thermally foamable microspheres with low conductivity at room temperature (25.C) and low halogen ion content such as chlorine ions, dehalogenation reaction occurs when heated to high temperatures. It shows a tendency for the amount of to increase rapidly.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention preferably has a low halogen ion concentration due to a degassing reaction at a high temperature. Since vinylidene chloride is widely used as a polymerizable monomer containing a halogen atom, thermal foamable microspheres often contain chloride ions. Therefore, it is more preferable that the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention has a low chlorine ion concentration resulting from the dechlorination reaction at a high temperature.
- a heat-foaming microphone with a small ratio of the chlorine content extracted at 120 ° C to the chlorine ion content extracted at 40 ° C measured by the following procedure is preferred. -That's right. More specifically, steps I to III below:
- Step I of preparing a dispersion by dispersing hot foaming microspheres l g in ultrapure water 50 ml at a temperature of 25 ° C;
- Step II of heating the dispersion to 40 ° C. and 120 ° C. and subjecting it to hot water extraction for 1 hour;
- Step III of measuring the halogen ion concentration in each hot water extract by ion chromatography at a temperature of 25 ° C after cooling each hot water extract;
- a sealed container is usually used. After the hot water extraction treatment, cool the hot water extract to 25 ° C (25 ⁇ 0.2 ° C), and then measure the halogen ion concentration by ion chromatography. These halogen ion concentrations are converted to the content per 1 g of thermally foamable microspheres (/ z g / g). Since most of the ion ions are chlorine ions, the above method can be suitably applied to a method for measuring the chlorine ion concentration as the halogen ion concentration.
- Halogen ions such as chlorine ions may be derived from dispersion stabilizers, dispersion aids, polymerization aids, etc., or may be caused by the use of polymerizable monomers.
- Use of a polymerizable monomer containing a chlorine atom such as vinylidene significantly increases the chlorine ion concentration at high temperatures.
- the heat-foamable microfiber is heated to a high temperature during heating and foaming. Further, when kneading the heat-foamable microsphere with the polymer material, it may be heated and melt-kneaded. Chlorine produced by heating becomes a causative substance for corrosion and contamination.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention is obtained when the hot water extraction treatment is performed at a temperature of 120 ° C with respect to the halogen ion (eg, chloride ion) content A when the hot water extraction treatment is performed at a temperature of 40 ° C.
- the ratio A of the halogen ion content B is preferably 50 times or less, more preferably 30 times or less, and particularly preferably 10 times or less.
- the ratio BZA is less than 5 times. It is desirable that it is 3 times or less.
- the average particle size of the thermally foamable microspheres of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 200 m, preferably 3 to 150 ⁇ , particularly preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ . If the average particle size of the thermally foamable microsphere is too small, the foamability will be insufficient. Minutes. If the average particle size of the heat-foamable microsphere is too large, it is not preferable because the smoothness of the surface is impaired in a field where a beautiful appearance is required, and the resistance to shearing force during heating is insufficient. Become.
- the content of the foaming agent in the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention is usually 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 7 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight. If the foaming agent content is too small, the expansion ratio will be insufficient. If it is too large, the thickness of the outer shell will be too thin, which will cause premature foaming or rupture of the outer shell due to the shearing force under heating during processing. It becomes easy to wake up.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be used in various fields by being heated and foamed (thermally expanded) or unfoamed.
- Thermally foamable microspheres for example, can be used to fill paints for automobiles, wallpaper, foamed inks (T-shirts, etc.), foaming agents, anti-shrinking agents, etc. Used for.
- the thermally foamable microspheres of the present invention utilize the volume increase due to foaming, polymer materials such as synthetic resins (thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins) and rubber, paints, ultralight paper, various materials, etc.
- Polymer materials include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS resin, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), hydrogenated SBS, and hydrogenated.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer
- hydrogenated SBS hydrogenated
- hydrogenated hydrogenated.
- examples include SIS, natural rubber, various synthetic rubbers, and thermoplastic polyurethane.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be suitably used in the paint, wallpaper, and ink fields that require surface properties and smoothness.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be suitably applied to application fields that require processing steps such as kneading, calendering, extrusion, and injection molding.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be used as a foaming agent or mixed with a polymer material to form a composition.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention is kneaded with a thermoplastic resin without being foamed and pelletized. be able to.
- the thermally foamable microspheres of the present invention are blended with polymer materials, paints, inks, aqueous media, etc., and are heated and foamed to contain foam particles (for example, foamed molded products, foamed coating films, foamed inks). ).
- thermally foamable microspheres of the present invention can exhibit their respective functions by dissolving or dispersing colorants such as dyes, fragrances, insect repellents, and antibacterial agents in the foaming agent. Thermally foamable microspheres having such a function can be used without being foamed.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be added to an adhesive.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet in which a heat-expandable pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing a heat-expandable microsphere is formed on one or both sides of a base material such as a synthetic resin film is formed by heating and foaming a heat-expandable microsphere. It can be easily peeled off from the adherend.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention is a composition that is not foamed or dispersed as a foamed material in a polymer material, paint, adhesive, ink, or aqueous medium. be able to.
- Aqueous medium means water alone or an aqueous medium containing various additives as required. Particularly, when the aqueous medium is only water, it is suitably used as a raw material composition (slurry) for various uses. .
- the heat-foamable microspheres of the present invention are excellent in antifungal effects even without the addition of an ion adsorbent or antifungal agent, but are used for applications that require extremely high antifungal effects and ionic contamination prevention effects.
- ion adsorbents such as higher fatty acid salts such as calcium stearate and hydrotalcite compounds; antifungal agents such as sodium nitrite, sodium chromate, benzotriazole and otadecylamine; Etc. may be added.
- TMA measurement was performed using TMA-7 model manufactured by Perkin Elma. About sample 0.25 mg was used and the temperature was raised at a rate of 5 ° CZ, and the foaming behavior was observed. More specifically, a sample (thermal foaming microsphere) was placed in a container, the temperature was increased at a temperature increase rate of 5 ° CZ, and the displacement at that height was measured continuously. The temperature at which the displacement of the sample height in the container began was the foaming start temperature (T start ), and the temperature at which the height reached the maximum was the maximum foaming temperature (T Bax ).
- the particle size distribution of thermally foamable microspheres was measured using a particle size distribution analyzer SALD-300 0 J manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and the average particle size ( ⁇ ) was expressed by the median diameter.
- Step 1 of preparing a dispersion by dispersing 5 g of thermally foamable microspheres in 20 g of ion-exchange water having a pH of 7 and a conductivity of ⁇ 1 at a temperature of C; The water extract obtained by shaking the dispersion for 30 minutes to perform the water extraction step 2; when the conductivity measured at 25 ° C. is ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 1 Difference ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 was obtained.
- the content of ionic impurities in the heat-foamable microsphere is determined by the following: Hot-water extract obtained by dispersing 1 g of heat-foamable microphone mouth swf air in 50 ml of ultrapure water and extracting at 40 ° C for 1 hour was measured by a method of measuring each ion concentration by ion chromatography. ⁇ To perform hot water extraction treatment by heating at 40 ° C for 1 hour, use an open container and force. When using an open container, after heating for 1 hour, add ultrapure water of the same amount as the amount of evaporated water and cool to 25 ° C (25 ⁇ 0.2 ° C). Measurement was performed by ion chromatography.
- Each ion concentration was expressed as a content (g / g) per 1 g of thermally foamable microspheres. Measurement by ion chromatography was performed at 25 ° C (25 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 2 ° C). As ultrapure water, water having substantially no ionic component content was used. The ion chromatography used was I C-500 P (Yokogawa Electric). The measurement conditions are as follows.
- the ratio of chlorine ion content B when hot water extraction was performed at a temperature of 120 ° C to chlorine ion content A when hot water extraction was performed at a temperature of 40 ° C was measured by the following method.
- the hot water extraction treatment at a temperature of 40 ° C. and the measurement of the chlorine ion content were performed by the same method as described above.
- the ripe water extraction treatment in order to perform the ripe water extraction treatment by heating at 120 for 1 hour, it was performed using a sealed container. After the hot water extraction treatment, the hot water extract was cooled to 25 ° C (25 ⁇ 0.2 ° C), and then the chloride ion concentration was measured by ion chromatography. These chloride ion concentrations were converted to the content per g of thermally foamable microspheres (gZg), and the ratio B / A between them was calculated. 'Example 1
- an oily mixture consisting of 147.4 g of acrylonitrile, 68.2 g of methacrylonitrile, 4.400 g of methyl methacrylate, 3.3 g of diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 22 g of isopentane, and 44 g of 0osooctane was prepared.
- This oily mixture and the aqueous dispersion medium prepared above were stirred and mixed with a batch-type high-speed rotation high shear type disperser to granulate fine droplets of the oily mixture.
- aqueous dispersion medium containing fine droplets of this oily mixture was charged into a polymerization can equipped with a stirrer (1.5 liter) and reacted at 60 ° C for 20 hours using a hot water path.
- the resulting reaction product was filtered with suction.
- the mother liquor almost disappeared, about 300 g of ion-exchanged water was added and suction filtered. This operation was repeated many times, and the electric conductivity after drying of each filtrate and filter cake was measured.
- the filter cake was allowed to dry naturally by standing overnight.
- the heat-foamable microspheres thus obtained had an average particle size of 33 m, a foaming start temperature of 130 ° C, a maximum foaming ratio of 85 times, and a foaming ratio at 200 ° C of 60 times. .
- the oily mixture and the aqueous dispersion medium prepared above are mixed in a batch-type high-speed cycle.
- the mixture was stirred and mixed with a rotary high shear disperser to granulate fine droplets of an oily mixture, and then charged into the polymerization can and reacted at 50 ° C. for 2.2 hours.
- the obtained reaction product was subjected to suction filtration and washed twice with 300 g of ion-exchanged water.
- the heat-foamable microspheres thus obtained have an average particle size of 11 ⁇ , a foaming start temperature of 85 ° C, a maximum foaming ratio of 60 times, and a foaming ratio at 130 ° C of 48 times.
- the conductivity was 0.3 mS / cm.
- polyisocyanate cross-linking agent manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd., trade name “Coronate L
- 0. 6 parts by weight were added.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a thermally foamable microsphere in which the content of ionic impurities is reduced and inconveniences such as metal corrosion and electronic component contamination are eliminated.
- the previously prepared filtrate is introduced. Based on the relationship between the electrical conductivity and the conductivity of the water extract of the thermally foamable microsphere, it is possible to efficiently obtain a thermally foamable microsphere exhibiting a desired conductivity. .
- the thermally foamable microspheres of the present invention can be used as fillers for paints such as automobiles, wallpaper and foaming inks (relief patterns such as T-shirts) without being foamed or by using expandability. Agent; can be used as an anti-shrink agent.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be used for the purpose of reducing the weight, making it porous, and imparting various functions to polymer materials, coating materials, various materials, etc. by utilizing the volume increase due to foaming.
- the heat-foamable microsphere of the present invention can be dispersed in a pressure-sensitive adhesive to form a heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet or tape.
- the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be provided with various functionalities by performing surface treatment or adding various additive components such as dyes to the foaming agent. Since the content of ionic impurities is reduced, the thermally foamable microsphere of the present invention can be suitably applied to applications related to electronic parts, applications that contact metals, and the like.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2006800041151A CN101115816B (zh) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-02-06 | 热发泡性微球和其制造方法及组合物 |
US11/883,827 US20090137691A1 (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-02-06 | Thermally Foamable Microsphere, Production Process Thereof, and Composition |
JP2007501697A JP5612245B2 (ja) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-02-06 | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法並びに組成物 |
EP06713545A EP1857519A4 (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-02-06 | THERMALLY FROTHABLE MICROSPHERE, PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME AND COMPOSITION |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005030663 | 2005-02-07 | ||
JP2005-030663 | 2005-02-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006083041A1 true WO2006083041A1 (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
Family
ID=36777398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/302403 WO2006083041A1 (ja) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-02-06 | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法並びに組成物 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090137691A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1857519A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5612245B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101115816B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006083041A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007091960A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
JP2008195885A (ja) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-28 | Kureha Corp | 高導電率熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその組成物と、該組成物中の熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー含有率の測定方法 |
US7956096B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-06-07 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
US8388809B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2013-03-05 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
WO2016088800A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-09 | 株式会社クレハ | 接着性を有する熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー、及びその製造方法 |
JP2019172899A (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20170102982A (ko) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-09-12 | 가부시끼가이샤 구레하 | 열발포성 마이크로스피어 |
WO2019073824A1 (ja) | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 発泡成形用マスターバッチ及び発泡成形体 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60194462A (ja) * | 1984-03-15 | 1985-10-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 絶縁性カプセルトナ−の製造法 |
JPH04292643A (ja) * | 1990-11-12 | 1992-10-16 | Casco Nobel Ab | 発泡性熱可塑性微小球ならびにその製造および使用方法 |
JP2003128830A (ja) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-05-08 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 熱硬化性発泡性樹脂組成物、この熱硬化性発泡性樹脂組成物を用いた積層シート、成形体、及び構造体 |
JP2004175960A (ja) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-24 | Nitto Denko Corp | 加熱剥離型粘着シートおよび電子部品 |
JP2004323854A (ja) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-18 | Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku Co Ltd | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3659979B2 (ja) * | 1992-04-15 | 2005-06-15 | 松本油脂製薬株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセルとその製法 |
JP3186835B2 (ja) * | 1992-05-28 | 2001-07-11 | 松本油脂製薬株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセルおよびその製法と膨張方法 |
DE69920664T3 (de) | 1998-01-26 | 2008-09-25 | Kureha Corp. | Expandierbare mikrokugeln und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
JP2000343051A (ja) | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-12 | Brother Ind Ltd | 微粒子の洗浄方法 |
EP1149628A1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-10-31 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Chemical product and method |
CN1200987C (zh) * | 2000-04-28 | 2005-05-11 | 吴羽化学工业株式会社 | 热发泡性微球及其制造方法 |
US6838488B2 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2005-01-04 | Jsp Corporation | Production method of foamed polypropylene resin beads |
JP4189155B2 (ja) | 2002-01-30 | 2008-12-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセルの製造方法 |
-
2006
- 2006-02-06 EP EP06713545A patent/EP1857519A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-06 CN CN2006800041151A patent/CN101115816B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-06 JP JP2007501697A patent/JP5612245B2/ja active Active
- 2006-02-06 WO PCT/JP2006/302403 patent/WO2006083041A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-02-06 US US11/883,827 patent/US20090137691A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60194462A (ja) * | 1984-03-15 | 1985-10-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 絶縁性カプセルトナ−の製造法 |
JPH04292643A (ja) * | 1990-11-12 | 1992-10-16 | Casco Nobel Ab | 発泡性熱可塑性微小球ならびにその製造および使用方法 |
JP2003128830A (ja) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-05-08 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 熱硬化性発泡性樹脂組成物、この熱硬化性発泡性樹脂組成物を用いた積層シート、成形体、及び構造体 |
JP2004175960A (ja) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-24 | Nitto Denko Corp | 加熱剥離型粘着シートおよび電子部品 |
JP2004323854A (ja) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-18 | Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku Co Ltd | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル及びその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1857519A1 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007091960A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
US7956096B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2011-06-07 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
US8388809B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2013-03-05 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
US9062170B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2015-06-23 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Microspheres |
JP2008195885A (ja) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-28 | Kureha Corp | 高導電率熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその組成物と、該組成物中の熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー含有率の測定方法 |
WO2016088800A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-09 | 株式会社クレハ | 接着性を有する熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー、及びその製造方法 |
JP2019172899A (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル |
JP7129194B2 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2022-09-01 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル |
JP2022164733A (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-10-27 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル |
JP7431904B2 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2024-02-15 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090137691A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
CN101115816A (zh) | 2008-01-30 |
CN101115816B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
JP5612245B2 (ja) | 2014-10-22 |
EP1857519A1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
JPWO2006083041A1 (ja) | 2008-06-26 |
EP1857519A4 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1288272B1 (en) | Heat-expandable microsphere and production process thereof | |
JP5044074B2 (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法 | |
JP4945243B2 (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー、その製造方法、その使用、それを含む組成物、及び物品 | |
US7252882B2 (en) | Thermally foamable microsphere and production process thereof | |
JP4916483B2 (ja) | 真球状の発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法 | |
WO2006083041A1 (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法並びに組成物 | |
JP2020529316A (ja) | バイオ系モノマーから調製される熱膨張性微小球 | |
JP2002012693A (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法 | |
JP2021503368A (ja) | バイオ系モノマーから調製される熱膨張性ミクロスフェア | |
JP4620812B2 (ja) | 発泡性マイクロスフェアーの製造方法 | |
JP5604472B2 (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法 | |
JP4903924B2 (ja) | 発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法 | |
JP6438214B2 (ja) | 熱膨張性マイクロスフェアーの製造方法、該製造方法で製造された熱膨張性マイクロスフェアー、及び該製造方法に用いるコロイダルシリカの判別方法 | |
US20230148347A1 (en) | Thermally expandable microspheres prepared from bio-based monomers | |
JP6276423B2 (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー、並びにそれを含む組成物及び成形体 | |
WO2021198492A1 (en) | Thermally expandable microspheres prepared from bio-based monomers | |
JP2017113654A (ja) | マイクロスフェアー、これを含む熱発泡性樹脂組成物、構造部材、および成形体 | |
JP4945079B2 (ja) | 熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法 | |
WO2016088800A1 (ja) | 接着性を有する熱発泡性マイクロスフェアー、及びその製造方法 | |
JP2019172899A (ja) | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007501697 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200680004115.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11883827 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006713545 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2006713545 Country of ref document: EP |