WO2006051027A1 - Festelektrolytkeramik für elektrochemische anwendungen - Google Patents
Festelektrolytkeramik für elektrochemische anwendungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006051027A1 WO2006051027A1 PCT/EP2005/055097 EP2005055097W WO2006051027A1 WO 2006051027 A1 WO2006051027 A1 WO 2006051027A1 EP 2005055097 W EP2005055097 W EP 2005055097W WO 2006051027 A1 WO2006051027 A1 WO 2006051027A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solid electrolyte
- ceramic
- doped
- electrolyte ceramic
- low
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
- C04B35/488—Composites
- C04B35/4885—Composites with aluminium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4073—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
- C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the invention relates to a solid electrolyte ceramic for electrochemical applications according to the preamble of claim 1.
- such substances are particularly useful as ion-conducting shaped bodies, e.g. platelet- or finger-shaped, have on their opposite surfaces or on surfaces of recesses of the shaped body electrodes and optionally wear protective layers and used as sensors in exhaust gases, e.g. of motor vehicles or the like, can be used.
- Essential conditions that are placed on the solid electrolyte ceramics relate to the mechanical properties such as strength and thermal shock resistance, as well as the electrical properties, in particular the ionic conductivity.
- the zirconia commonly used as a solid electrolyte can occur in three modifications, the cubic high-temperature modification, the tetragonal and the monoclinic modification, which have significant property differences. Corresponding differences relate essentially to the mechanical and electrical properties mentioned above. Due to the good strength and ionic conductivity, the tetragonal zirconium dioxide modification has become established for the production of corresponding solid electrolyte bodies for electrochemical applications.
- One approach to simultaneously realize a good ionic conductivity and mechanical strength is to provide a low-doped ZrO 2 powder superficially with a highly doped Y-ZrO 2 layer (EP 0 602 205). After sintering, a structure with Y-rich grain boundaries and Y-poor grain centers is created. The grain centers provide the driving force for the microstructural enhancement, while the grain boundaries provide sufficient ion guide conduction paths.
- Another possibility, at the same time to improve the mechanical properties and the O 2 ⁇ - conductivity, according to the document DE 41 00 105 is to use at least two commercially available ceramic powder with different stabilizer oxide for the production of a solid electrolyte ceramic.
- the good mechanical properties of the low-stabilized ceramic and at the same time the good conductivity properties of the highly stabilized ceramic are utilized.
- the object of the invention is to propose a solid electrolyte ceramic having improved properties.
- a solid electrolyte ceramic according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that both the low-doped and the more highly doped ceramic material each have an yttrium oxide content of 0 to 8% by weight. It has been shown that correspondingly advantageous proportions of yttrium or stabilizer oxide for both ceramic materials according to the current state of knowledge realize a solid electrolyte ceramic which has largely optimal properties with respect to the mechanical as well as the electrical properties.
- the ceramic material provided is ceramic powder, in particular already commercially available ceramic powder.
- doped ceramic powders of various manufacturers are used according to the invention.
- the invention can be largely dispensed with a comparatively expensive own production correspondingly doped ceramic materials or ceramic powder with the advantageous stabilizer components and optionally with a defined particle size distribution in an advantageous manner.
- ceramic powder is advantageously mixed in the production of erf ⁇ ndungswashen solid electrolyte ceramic, in particular in a matrix of the highly doped material introduced the low-doped ceramic material and thereby largely distributed homogeneously.
- the higher-doped ceramic material or ceramic powder has an yttrium oxide content of 6.5 to 8% by weight. This ensures that the hydrothermal resistance of the ceramic is comparatively well formed. For example, with an yttrium oxide content of significantly less than 6.5 wt.%, The higher-doped ceramic material is z. only conditionally given the hydrothermal resistance of the solid electrolyte ceramic according to the invention.
- the low-doped ceramic material or ceramic powder preferably has an yttrium oxide content of 4 to 6% by weight, in particular in the range 4.5-5% by weight.
- the low-doped phase should be homogeneously dispersed so that the material is protected from hydrothermal attack by the higher-doped microstructures.
- the proportion of the low-doped ceramic material in the mixture is at most 15 percent by weight, in particular approximately 5 to 10 percent by weight. It has been found that precisely this advantageous range ensures a solid electrolyte ceramic according to the invention with particularly good properties.
- the solid electrolyte ceramic has an aluminum oxide content of at most 10% by weight, in particular between 1 and 5.5% by weight. With a corresponding proportion of aluminum oxide, the microstructure of the solid electrolyte ceramic is biased, which makes itself noticeable in an advantageous manner in an increase in strength.
- the hydrothermal resistance of the solid electrolyte ceramic it is advantageous, in particular for the hydrothermal resistance of the solid electrolyte ceramic, to disperse the low-doped zirconium oxide or the low-doped yttrium oxide fraction in the microstructure and, in particular, to ensure that it does not percolate.
- the erf ⁇ ndungshiele solid electrolyte ceramic is formed as a dispersion.
- the ceramic materials or ceramic powders preferably have similar or comparable particle size distributions. It has been found that appropriately designed solid electrolyte ceramics have particularly advantageous properties.
- the production of the solid electrolyte ceramic according to the invention is carried out, for example, in a first step, that the ceramic raw materials are mixed and dispersed, wherein the ceramic material is introduced with the lower doped yttria in the matrix of the ceramic material with highly doped yttria and homogeneously distributed.
- Corresponding auxiliaries for example, such as the silicon oxide constituents or aluminum oxide constituents and optionally further, are introduced or distributed homogeneously.
- process steps for shaping the solid electrolyte ceramic can be carried out. For example, all conceivable methods, such as film casting, extrusion, etc., can be used here.
- One of the last process steps is the sintering of the mixed raw materials and the subsequent cooling. If necessary, finally advantageous protective layers or coatings can be applied to the solid electrolyte ceramic.
- an advantageous embodiment of the invention comprises about 5 to 8% by weight of the low-doped ceramic material or ceramic powder, up to 0.3% by weight silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 1 to 5.5% by weight aluminum oxide and a balance, consisting essentially of the higher doped ceramic material or ceramic powder.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004054706A DE102004054706A1 (de) | 2004-11-12 | 2004-11-12 | Festelektrolytkeramik für elektrochemische Anwendungen |
DE102004054706.8 | 2004-11-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006051027A1 true WO2006051027A1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
Family
ID=35198020
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/055097 WO2006051027A1 (de) | 2004-11-12 | 2005-10-07 | Festelektrolytkeramik für elektrochemische anwendungen |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102004054706A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006051027A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4266979A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1981-05-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Oxygen sensor ceramic and process for preparing the same |
EP0209081A2 (de) * | 1985-07-16 | 1987-01-21 | Norton Company | Sinterformkörper aus stabilisiertem Zirkoniumdioxid |
DE4100105A1 (de) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-07-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Festelektrolytkeramik fuer elektrochemische anwendungen, insbesondere fuer gassensoren, sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
EP0602205A1 (de) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Temperaturfeste keramik |
DE4307727A1 (de) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-15 | Siemens Ag | Elektrolytfolie für planare Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzellen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
EP0637576A2 (de) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-02-08 | Tioxide Specialties Limited | Wasserbeständige Keramikformkörper |
-
2004
- 2004-11-12 DE DE102004054706A patent/DE102004054706A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-10-07 WO PCT/EP2005/055097 patent/WO2006051027A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4266979A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1981-05-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Oxygen sensor ceramic and process for preparing the same |
EP0209081A2 (de) * | 1985-07-16 | 1987-01-21 | Norton Company | Sinterformkörper aus stabilisiertem Zirkoniumdioxid |
DE4100105A1 (de) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-07-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Festelektrolytkeramik fuer elektrochemische anwendungen, insbesondere fuer gassensoren, sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
EP0602205A1 (de) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Temperaturfeste keramik |
DE4307727A1 (de) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-15 | Siemens Ag | Elektrolytfolie für planare Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzellen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
EP0637576A2 (de) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-02-08 | Tioxide Specialties Limited | Wasserbeständige Keramikformkörper |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004054706A1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
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