WO2006049174A1 - コンクリート構造物のクラック検査装置及びクラック検査方法 - Google Patents
コンクリート構造物のクラック検査装置及びクラック検査方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006049174A1 WO2006049174A1 PCT/JP2005/020118 JP2005020118W WO2006049174A1 WO 2006049174 A1 WO2006049174 A1 WO 2006049174A1 JP 2005020118 W JP2005020118 W JP 2005020118W WO 2006049174 A1 WO2006049174 A1 WO 2006049174A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- data
- crack
- concrete structure
- raster
- cracks
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
- G01N29/0618—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays synchronised with scanning, e.g. in real-time
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
- G01N33/383—Concrete or cement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02854—Length, thickness
Definitions
- the present invention is a crack inspection of a concrete structure that can accurately and non-destructively understand the actual state of cracks occurring on the surface of the concrete structure and the resistance of the concrete structure.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a crack inspection method.
- the state of cracks generated on the surface of a relatively large concrete structure having a height of several meters, such as a concrete structure such as a retaining wall or a dam built on the slope of a mountain When inspecting, a method in which an operator visually confirms a crack and sketches by hand is usually employed.
- a crack inspection method based on sketches the length of the cracks and the pattern power S, which do not match the standard for comparing the sketches with the actual cracks, depend on the subjectivity of the sketcher. Cracks are overlooked or complex patterns are not drawn, which is extremely inaccurate.
- a crack that has recently occurred on the surface of the concrete structure is imaged by a digital imager such as a digital camera or a CCD camera, and thus obtained.
- An inspection method has been developed to grasp the width and area of cracks by processing raster data of digital images.
- the area and width of the crack are obtained by counting the number of pixels determined to be a crack after the raster data after imaging has been binarized.
- the total luminance value of the pixels is obtained as the apparent area of the crack, and the apparent area force is also used to obtain the area of the crack (Japanese Patent Document, JP 2003-214827).
- the present invention provides a three-dimensional representation of the internal structure of a concrete structure having cracks by accurately expressing the position and shape of a crack generated on the surface of the concrete structure with a smaller amount of data.
- the purpose is to enable the strength analysis.
- a crack inspection apparatus that achieves the above object includes a storage means for storing raster data obtained by imaging the surface of a concrete structure having cracks, and binary data for the raster data.
- Conversion means for performing raster-vector conversion processing on the data obtained by combining the data, and superimposing the crack vector data obtained by the conversion means in accordance with the coordinates of the graphic data on the surface of the concrete structure
- a data superimposing means for outputting, and an output means for outputting the polymerization data obtained by the data superimposing means.
- the crack inspection apparatus of the present invention after the raster data of the crack stored in the storage means is binarized, the raster vector conversion process is performed, and the crack vector data obtained thereby is obtained. Since the coordinates are aligned with the graphic data on the surface of the concrete structure, the position and shape of the cracks occurring on the surface of the concrete structure should be much smaller than the raster data. The data can be output accurately using the data.
- the vector data of the powerful crack itself has information such as position and shape
- the vector data is overlapped with the graphic data of the surface of the concrete structure, and the drawing is made.
- the numerical data of the crack depth corresponding to the vector data of the crack to create three-dimensional data
- the internal structure of the concrete structure with cracks can be expressed three-dimensionally.
- the strength of concrete structures can be calculated by FEM analysis.
- the crack inspection apparatus of the present invention uses the image data of the reference points. It is necessary to provide a correcting means for correcting the distortion of the raster data based on! /.
- a digital imager such as a digital camera used in the crack inspection apparatus of the present invention preferably has a larger number of pixels.
- the entire surface of the concrete structure can be obtained by a single image pickup.
- the raster data may be a plurality of raster images obtained by imaging a part of the surface of the concrete structure. Just cover everything. In this case, however, it is necessary to provide a joining means for joining the vector data of cracks obtained corresponding to each raster data.
- the vector data of the crack obtained by binarizing the raster data obtained by the digital imager and converting the force to the raster vector is itself two-dimensional data. For this reason, at least crack depth is required to use this for the description of the internal structure of concrete structures and FEM analysis. Therefore, the following crack inspection methods are recommended to perform the above three-dimensional image processing or intensity calculation.
- the crack inspection method of the present invention is to perform raster vector conversion processing on the raster data obtained by imaging the surface of the concrete structure having cracks.
- FEM analysis of an arbitrary cross section of the structure can also be performed based on the three-dimensional polymerization data of the concrete structure.
- the crack depth of the crack is measured by ultrasonic exploration, core boring or the like is unnecessary, the measurement cost is reduced, and the crack vector data corresponding to the position where the exploration has been performed. Since the crack depth numerical data is added to the three-dimensional data, the three-dimensional data is more accurate than the case of adding the crack depth numerical data to the crack by the worker's sketch. Can be numerical.
- the ultrasonic exploration may employ a nondestructive inspection method described in Japanese Patent Document, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-184276.
- the position and shape of a crack generated on the surface of a concrete structure can be accurately expressed with a small amount of data, so that the interior of a concrete structure having a crack can be expressed.
- a three-dimensional representation of the structure and its strength analysis can be performed.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a crack inspection apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram of image processing performed by the inspection apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a process diagram of image processing and FEM analysis performed by the inspection apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 4 Crack distribution map (front view) of a dam with cracks indicated by CAD data.
- FIG. 5 is a front view of a display showing a display example of crack vector data (two-dimensional data).
- FIG. 6 is a front view of a display showing an example of display of vector data (three-dimensional data) of a crack that reflects the crack depth.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a crack inspection apparatus for a concrete structure according to the present invention.
- a dam is selected as the concrete structure 1 to be inspected for cracks, and a large number of cracks 3 are generated on the surface 2 of the dam 1.
- This dam 1 is a relatively large concrete structure that cannot reach the upper crack 3 unless a scaffold is constructed, and has a width of over 20 meters and a maximum height of about 10 meters in the center.
- Reference point 4 is pre-set with a precise rectangle in the corner. As shown by the broken line area in FIG. 1, the operator S who performs imaging at the site determines the imaging range so that each reference point 4 comes to the four corners, and the digital imaging machine 5 including a digital camera or a CCD camera or the like determines the imaging range. A part of the surface of dam 1 is imaged. Note that it is preferable to use a digital imaging device 5 having a number of pixels of 8 million pixels or more in order to capture the crack 3 as accurately as possible.
- the image data (raster data: bmp, jpg, etc.) captured by the digital imaging device 5 is transferred to the personal computer 6 by wire or wirelessly and recorded in the computer 6.
- the computer 6 includes a computer main body 7, a CRT or liquid crystal display 8, a keyboard 9 and a mouse (not shown), and a color printing device 10 is connected to the computer main body 7.
- OS software and application software for performing various image processing described later are stored, and a hard disk in which data such as the image data is stored, and the software and image data. Etc. are temporarily stored, and a control unit that also has CPU power to execute tasks based on instructions by the software.
- raster data obtained by the digital imaging device 5 is taken into the hard disk of the computer main body 7 by data transfer or memory transfer, and is firstly gray scale (in this embodiment, 256 gray scales). (Sl). Thereafter, distortion correction of raster data is performed based on the image data of the reference point 4 (S 2), and when this is taken at an angle to the surface of the concrete structure 1 or the center partial force end Even if the raster data is curved toward, it is corrected to raster data with an accurate plane shape.
- gray scale in this embodiment, 256 gray scales.
- the image is smoothed and sharpened by applying a Gaussian Laplacian filter to the raster data corrected as described above (S3), thereby removing the noise. As a result, only the image corresponding to crack 3 appears.
- this image data is binarized under the predetermined threshold (two-level image) (S4), and the raster data is Divided into black and white and split into cracks and non-cracks,
- isolated point removal processing is performed on the raster data of crack 3 that has been binary-decoded (S5).
- This isolated point removal process is a process that removes isolated and scattered points in a place that is clearly unrelated to crack 3, and automatically considers isolated points that are less than a predetermined length as crack 3 Removal is performed.
- expansion and contraction processing of the pixel of the crack 3, which is raster data is performed (S6).
- This process is to determine whether or not the raster data pixel group that constitutes crack 3 is short (when crack 3 is intermittent). Is considered to be broken and automatically divided into a plurality of cracks 3. On the other hand, if it is longer than a predetermined interval, it is regarded as one crack 3 and automatically connected, and is continued as one crack 3.
- raster vector conversion processing is performed on the raster data constituting each crack 3 (S7), and each crack 3 is extracted as vector data. Then, a process of joining with the vector data of crack 3 obtained from other adjacent image data forces is performed (S8).
- the vector data of each crack 3 obtained as described above is superposed by matching the coordinates with the graphic data of the surface 2 of the dam 1 stored in advance in the hard disk of the computer body 7 ( S9) For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a crack distribution map (CAD data) of the surface 2 of the dam 1 having the crack 3 is obtained.
- CAD data crack distribution map
- this crack distribution diagram can be displayed on the display 8 of the computer 6 or printed out by the printing apparatus 10. That is, in the present invention, the output means of the crack distribution map obtained by superimposing the vector data of the crack 3 and the graphic data of the surface of the dam 1 may be either the display 8 or the printing device 10.
- the worker S actually measured the crack depth by ultrasonic survey on site with a nondestructive inspection device (not shown),
- the three-dimensional data is obtained by adding the numerical data of the crack depth to the vector data of crack 3 corresponding to the position where the search was performed (S10).
- the 3D data of the crack 3 is superposed by aligning the coordinates of the 3D data of the crack 3 with the 3D graphic data of the dam 1, and the 3D polymerization data of the dam 1 having the crack 3 also including the crack depth data.
- a three-dimensional image is completed (Sl l). This three-dimensional image can also be displayed on the display 8 or printed out by the printing apparatus 10.
- the image can be rotated around an arbitrary rotation axis, and the dam 1 having the crack 3 is observed from various directions. be able to.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the case where the vector data of two-dimensional crack 3 is displayed on the display 8.
- FIG. 6 shows the display of the vector 8 with the crack depth taken into account. An example of the display is shown.
- the crack depth at each position of the crack 3 is displayed in the direction of approximately 45 degrees on the upper right, so that the internal structure of the crack 3 is displayed in a three-dimensional manner.
- the display method of the crack depth corresponding to each crack 3 is not limited to this, and can be expressed by, for example, color coding or color shading.
- a desktop computer is displayed as a computer in FIG. 1, the computer 6 may be a portable computer.
- image data obtained in the field and measurement information of ultrasonic surveys are input to a portable computer, which is faster than that installed in a data center via the Internet. It may be transferred to a computer for image processing and FEM analysis. In this case, it is only necessary to leave a worker S who can perform the imaging work with the digital imager 5 and the measurement work with the ultrasonic exploration device at the site, and dispatch IT experts who are familiar with complex data processing to the site. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently allocate the personnel required for crack inspection.
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- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05805472A EP1813934A4 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-11-01 | DEVICE FOR INSPECTING CRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND RIP INSPECTION PROCEDURES |
US11/666,756 US20080195330A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-11-01 | Concrete Structure Crack Inspection Device and Crack Inspection Method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-319415 | 2004-11-02 | ||
JP2004319415A JP2006132973A (ja) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | コンクリート構造物のクラック検査装置及びクラック検査方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006049174A1 true WO2006049174A1 (ja) | 2006-05-11 |
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ID=36319179
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/020118 WO2006049174A1 (ja) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-11-01 | コンクリート構造物のクラック検査装置及びクラック検査方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080195330A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1813934A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2006132973A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2007120595A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006049174A1 (ja) |
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2005
- 2005-11-01 EP EP05805472A patent/EP1813934A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-01 WO PCT/JP2005/020118 patent/WO2006049174A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-11-01 US US11/666,756 patent/US20080195330A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-11-01 RU RU2007120595/28A patent/RU2007120595A/ru unknown
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JP2014134471A (ja) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-24 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | 壁面診断結果記録システム、壁面診断結果記録方法、及び壁面診断結果記録プログラム |
CN107167082A (zh) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-15 | 上海励之恒科技有限公司 | 一种墙面裂缝检测器 |
CN111122588A (zh) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-08 | 杨洁 | 一种基于智慧城市的工业建筑防冻裂检测方法 |
CN111122588B (zh) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-10-20 | 海宁溪聚科技发展有限公司 | 一种基于智慧城市的工业建筑防冻裂检测方法 |
CN115953672A (zh) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-04-11 | 南昌工程学院 | 一种水下大坝表面裂缝识别方法 |
CN115953672B (zh) * | 2023-03-13 | 2024-02-27 | 南昌工程学院 | 一种水下大坝表面裂缝识别方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1813934A1 (en) | 2007-08-01 |
JP2006132973A (ja) | 2006-05-25 |
EP1813934A4 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
US20080195330A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
RU2007120595A (ru) | 2008-12-10 |
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