Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/265—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids from at least two different diamines or at least two different dicarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/36—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino acids, polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/43—Compounds containing sulfur bound to nitrogen
  • C08K5/435—Sulfonamides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
  • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
  • F16L11/06—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with homogeneous wall
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group

Definitions

• the present invention relates to hydrolysis resistant polyamide compositions having good flexibility, and various articles including tubular structures such as pipes and the like that may be made from these polyamide compositions.
• polyamides Due to their good physical properties and chemical resistance, various polyamides find many applications as engineering polymers. Such applications often require that the polyamide be in contact with water, and many applications require elevated temperatures. Examples include an undersea oil pipe that comes into contact with hot oil from the earth's interior and automobile radiator tubing. Under such conditions, the amide bonds of many polyamides may be susceptible to hydrolysis in the presence of water and the rate of hydrolysis increases with temperature. Hydrolysis of the amide bonds can cause a reduction in molecular weight and concomitant loss in physical properties that can result in failure of the pipe during use. Such a failure can be catastrophic, with the loss of fluid causing undesirable consequences ranging from the impairment of the performance of the device within which the piping is incorporated, to contact of the fluid with the surrounding environment.
• Aliphatic polyamides such as polyamide 6,12 or polyamide 11 are frequently used to make pipes and other tubular structures, but many applications require greater hydrolysis resistance than can be obtained from currently available polyamides.
• a further object of the present invention is to provide piping, tubing and the like which is readily prepared from the instant compositions of the present invention as by conventional means well accepted in the field.
• a feature of the present invention is that the instant compositions are formable into any of a wide variety of structural designs and configurations.
• An advantage of the present invention is that these structural components can be further optimized for specialized functions with the addition of an assortment of additives including stabilizers, colorants, molding agents, and the like.
• polyamide compositions comprising a polyamide comprising
• terephthalic acid refers also to the corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives of these materials, which can include carboxylic acid esters, diesters, and acid chlorides.
• hydrolysis resistant in conjunction with a polyamide refers to the ability of the polyamide to retain its molecular weight upon exposure to water.
• tubular structure includes without limitation a variety of shapes such as “pipes”, “tubing” and the like and refers to various bodies defining a cavity therethrough for conducting a fluid including without limitation any liquid, gas, or finely divided solid.
• These tubular structures may be flexible or stiff and have a variety of wall thicknesses and (in the event such pipes are circular in cross section) diameters.
• These pipes and the like may have a circular or roughly circular (e.g. oval) cross-section.
• suitable shapes may include polygonal shapes and may even incorporate more that one shape along the length thereof.
• Such tubular structures may further be joined together by suitable means to form T-sections, branches, and the like.
• tubular structures may comprise multiple concentric layers, wherein at least one layer comprises a polyamide composition. Other layers may comprise other polymeric materials or metals.
• the polyamide composition of the present invention comprises a polyamide comprising about 3 to about 14 mole percent, or preferably about 4 to about 12 mole percent, or more preferably about 5 to about 10 mole percent of repeat units (a) that are derived from at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and/or at least one alicyclic dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic diamine having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
• the polyamide further comprises about 86 to about 97 mole percent, or preferably about 88 to about 96 mole percent, or more preferably about 90 to about 95 mole percent of repeat units (b) that are derived from monomers selected from the group consisting of: (i) two or more aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 36 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic diamine having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; (ii) two or more aliphatic diamines having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 36 carbon atoms; (iii) at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 36 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic diamine having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one lactam or aminocarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and (iv) at least two monomers selected from lactams and aminocarboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
• aromatic dicarboxylic acid dicarboxylic acids in which each carboxyl group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.
• suitable aromatic dicarboxylic acids include terephthalic acid; isophthalic acid; 1 ,5-nathphalenedicarboxylic acid; 2,6-nathphalenedicarboxylic acid; and 2,7- nathphalenedicarboxylic acid. Terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid are preferred.
• alicyclic dicarboxylic acid is meant dicarboxylic acids in which each carboxyl group is directly bonded to a saturated hydrocarbon ring.
• An example of a suitable alicyclic dicarboxylic acids includes 1 ,4- cyclohexanedicarboylic acid.
• aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 36 carbon atoms examples include adipic acid, nonanedioic acid, decanedioic acid (also known as sebacic acid), undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, and tetradecanedioic acid.
• the aliphatic diamines having 4 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear or branched.
• Examples of preferred diamines include hexamethylenediamine, 2-methylpentamethylenediamine; 1 ,8-diaminooctane; methyl-1 ,8-diaminooctane; 1 ,9-diaminononane; 1 ,10-diaminodecane; and 1 ,12-diaminedodecane.
• Examples of lactams include caprolactam and laurolactam.
• An example of an aminocarboxylic acid includes aminodecanoic acid.
• Preferred polyamides are semiaromatic polyamides.
• the polyamides preferably comprise repeat units (a) that are derived from terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid and hexamethylenediamine and repeats units (b) that are derived from two or more of nonanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine; decanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine; undecanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine; dodecanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine; tridecanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine; tetradecanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine; laurolactam; and 11-aminoundecanoic acid.
• a preferred polyamide comprises repeat units (a) that are derived from terephthalic acid and hexamethylenediamine and repeat units (b) that are derived from decanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and hexamethylenediamine.
• the ratio of repeat units (b) derived from decanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine to repeat units (b) derived from dodecanedioic acid and hexamethylenediamine is preferably between about 19:1 and 1 :19, or more preferably between about 4:1 and 1 :4.
• the polyamide of the present invention may be prepared by any means known to those skilled in the art, such as in an batch process using, for example, an autoclave or using a continuous process. See, for example, Kohan, M.I. Ed. Nylon Plastics Handbook, Hansen Kunststoff, 1995; pp. 13-32. Additives such as lubricants, antifoaming agents, and end-capping agents may be added to the polymerization mixture.
• the polyamide composition of the present invention may optionally comprise additives.
• a preferred additive is at least one plasticizer.
• the plasticizer will preferably be miscible with the polyamide.
• suitable plasticizers include sulfonamides, preferably aromatic sulfonamides such as benzenesulfonamides and toluenesulfonamides.
• Suitable sulfonamides include /V-alkyl benzenesulfonamides and toluenesufonamides, such as ⁇ /-butylbenzenesulfonamide, ⁇ /-(2- hydroxypropyl)benzenesulfonamide, ⁇ /-ethyl-o-toluenesulfonamide, ⁇ /-ethyl-p- toluenesulfonamide, o-toluenesulfonamide, p-toluenesulfonamide, and the like.
• the plasticizer may be incorporated into the composition by melt- blending the polymer with plasticizer and, optionally, other ingredients, or during polymerization. If the plasticizer is incorporated during polymerization, the polyamide monomers are blended with one or more plasticizers prior to starting the polymerization cycle and the blend is introduced to the polymerization reactor. Alternatively, the plasticizer can be added to the reactor during the polymerization cycle.
• the plasticizer When used, the plasticizer will be present in the composition in about 1 to about 20 weight percent, or more preferably in about 6 to about 18 weight percent, or yet more preferably in about 8 to about 15 weight percent, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition.
• the polyamide composition may optionally comprise additional additives such as thermal, oxidative, and/or light stabilizers; colorants; lubricants; mold release agents; and the like.
• additional additives such as thermal, oxidative, and/or light stabilizers; colorants; lubricants; mold release agents; and the like.
• additives can be added in conventional amounts according to the desired properties of the resulting material, and the control of these amounts versus the desired properties is within the knowledge of the skilled artisan.
• additives may be incorporated into the polyamide composition of the present invention by melt-blending using any known methods.
• the component materials may be mixed to homogeneity using a melt-mixer such as a single or twin-screw extruder, blender, kneader, Banbury mixer, etc. to give a polyamide composition.
• a melt-mixer such as a single or twin-screw extruder, blender, kneader, Banbury mixer, etc.
• part of the materials may be mixed in a melt-mixer, and the rest of the materials may then be added and further melt-mixed until homogeneous.
• the polyamide composition of the present invention may be formed into shaped articles using any suitable melt-processing technique, such as injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, injection blow molding, thermoforming and the like.
• tubular structures such as pipes and tubes.
• preferred tubular structures include, but are not limited to, tubing for use in vehicle radiators; flexible pipe, including undersea flexible oil pipes; above sea oil pipes; in-ground oil pipes; pipe liners; and components of marine umbilicals.
• Flexible pipes are described in U.S. patent 6,053,213, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
• the pipes may be formed such they comprise multiple layers, wherein one of the layers comprises the polyamide composition of the present invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Gloves (AREA)
• Packages (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2005
  • 2005-10-25 US US11/258,286 patent/US20060111487A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-10-27 WO PCT/US2005/039217 patent/WO2006047775A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2005-10-27 DE DE602005027591T patent/DE602005027591D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-10-27 AT AT05851277T patent/ATE506571T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-10-27 CA CA2582413A patent/CA2582413C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-10-27 EP EP05851277A patent/EP1805442B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-10-27 JP JP2007539233A patent/JP2008518091A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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