WO2006037540A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006037540A2 WO2006037540A2 PCT/EP2005/010491 EP2005010491W WO2006037540A2 WO 2006037540 A2 WO2006037540 A2 WO 2006037540A2 EP 2005010491 W EP2005010491 W EP 2005010491W WO 2006037540 A2 WO2006037540 A2 WO 2006037540A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/482—Mixtures of polyethers containing at least one polyether containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/487—Polyethers containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4883—Polyethers containing cyclic groups containing cyclic groups having at least one oxygen atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
- C08G18/5024—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups
- C08G18/5027—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups directly linked to carbocyclic groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/82—Post-polymerisation treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
- C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams by reacting polyisocyanates with compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive with isocyanate groups.
- Polyurethane rigid foams have long been known and are mainly used for heat and cold insulation, z. B. in refrigerators, in hot water tanks, in Fern ⁇ heat pipes or in construction, for example in sandwich panels used.
- a summary of the production and application of rigid polyurethane foams can be found, for example, in the Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume 7, Polyurethane 1st Edition 1966, edited by Dr. med. R. Vieweg and dr. A. Höchtlen, 2nd edition 1983, edited by Dr. med. Günter Oertel, and 3rd edition 1993, issued by Dr. med. Günter Oertel, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff, Vienna.
- They are usually prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms in the presence of catalysts, blowing agents and auxiliaries and / or additives.
- the starting materials for the production of rigid foams should have good solubility for the blowing agent, in particular when using hydrocarbons as propellants, in order to achieve foams with the lowest possible densities.
- the different properties of the foams are usually adjusted by the use of different polyols.
- polyols with very high functionality have a very high viscosity, so that they can not be used in formulations that are still processable in the usual production equipment.
- EP 1 138 709 discloses that rigid foams having a good flowability can be prepared if the compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms contain at least one polyether alcohol having a hydroxyl number of 100 to 250 mg KOH / g, which is obtained by addition of alkylene oxides to H-functional starter substances having 2 to 4 active hydrogen atoms, in particular glycols, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, or TDA was prepared.
- the object of the invention was to provide a process for the production of rigid polyurethane foams, which allows a short demolding time, a not too high viscosity of the polyol component, which allows processing in the production of the prior art and a high solubility of the propellant Setting low bulk densities in the component have.
- the object could be achieved by using a mixture of a TDA-initiated polyether alcohol having a hydroxyl number of 360 to 450 mg KOH / g, a polyether alcohol started with sucrose and / or sorbitol and having a hydroxyl number of 380 to 480 mg KOH / g and a starting with 3- or 4-functional alcohols, 1- or 2-functional amines or amino alcohols or castor oil polyether alcohol having a hydroxyl value of 140 to 250 mg KOH / g.
- the invention accordingly provides a process for the production of rigid polyurethane foams by reacting
- b2) a polyether alcohol having a functionality of from 5 to 7.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 380 to 480 mg KOH / g, preparable by addition of propylene oxide onto sorbitol and / or sucrose, preferably sucrose, b3) a polyether alcohol having a functionality of 2 to 4 and a hydroxyl number of 120 to 250 mg KOH / g, preparable by addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to TDA, amines different from TDA or of propylene oxide at 2-, 3- or 4 -functional alcohols, or castor oil derivatives
- the polyols b1) are preferably used in an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight, the polyols b2) in an amount of from 25 to 80% by weight and the polyols b3) in an amount of from 10 to 25% by weight. %, in each case based on the sum of the polyols b1), b2) and b3)Symbol ⁇ sets.
- the polyol b1) is prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide to TDA.
- TDA isomers
- all TDA isomers can be used.
- TDA is used with a content of at least 70 wt .-%, more preferably at least 80 wt .-% and in particular at least 85 wt .-% vicinal TDA.
- Der ⁇ like mixtures are obtained in the processing of TDA in TDI production.
- Polyether alcohols from TDA with the described content of vicinal TDA are characterized by an improved solubility for blowing agents, in particular hydrocarbons, such as pentane.
- the polyols b1) can be prepared both by addition of exclusively propylene oxide and by addition of exclusively ethylene oxide to TDA.
- the polyols b1) preferably contain at most 25% by weight, based on the weight of the polyether alcohol, of ethylene oxide.
- ethylene oxide is preferably initially added to the starting substance, preferably in an amount of from 5 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the polyether alcohol.
- the addition of the ethylene oxide can preferably also be carried out without addition of a catalyst.
- the propylene oxide optionally in admixture with further ethylene oxide, is added, preferably using a basic catalyst, in particular potassium hydroxide.
- a basic catalyst in particular potassium hydroxide.
- the polyols b1) are, as described, a functionality of more than 4, a hydroxyl number of 360-450 mg KOH / g and a viscosity of 12000-75000 mPa.s at 25 0 C as determined with a rotational viscometer Rheotec RC 20 using un ⁇ ter the spindle CC 25 DIN (spindle diameter: 12.5 mm, internal diameter of the measuring cylinder: 13.56 mm) at a shear rate of 50 l / s.
- the polyol b2) is prepared by adding propylene oxide to sucrose and / or sorbitol. Usually, the addition of the propylene oxide to the sucrose or to sorbitol takes place in the presence of liquid coinitiators.
- Co-initiators used are, for example, water and / or alcohols which are liquid at the reaction temperature, preferably glycerol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol or dipropylene glycol. If the functionality of the polyols is to be particularly high, glycerol is preferably used as coinitiator.
- the polyols b2) preferably have a content of free sucrose of less than 0.05% by weight and a content of glycols which were not used as coinitiators of less than 3% by weight, in each case based on the weight the polyether alcohol b1). In particular, it is advantageous if the content of free sucrose in the mixture of b1), b2) and b3) is less than 0.03% by weight, based on the mixture of b1), b2) and b3).
- catalysts preferably basic catalysts and in particular potassium hydroxide.
- the polyols b2) preferably have a viscosity from 15,000 to 80,000 mPas, be ⁇ the spindle CC 25 DIN (true at 25 0 C using a rotational viscometer Rheotec RC 20 using the spindle diameter: 12.5 mm; measuring cylinder réelle emb ⁇ diameter 13.56 mm ) at a shear rate of 50 1 / s.
- the polyols b3) are prepared by addition of propylene oxide onto low molecular weight alcohols, in particular those having a molecular weight of below 400, or amines.
- low molecular weight alcohols are glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and their higher homologues, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
- TDA examples of amines
- the TDA preferably has the content of vicinal TDA described under polyol b1), ethylenediamine or optionally mono- and dialkyl-substituted ethylenediamine, ammonia, aniline, and triethanolamine or predominantly triethanolamine-containing mixtures or, if appropriate, mono-, di- and trialkyl-substituted triethanolamine.
- polyols b3 which have been started with TDA, it may be advantageous, as described for the polyols b1) initially uncatalyzed ethylene oxide and then using a basic catalyst propylene oxide in the amounts described in b1) Anlagenla ⁇ like.
- the polyols b3) preferably have a viscosity of less than 1000 mPa s, at 25 0 C using a rotational viscometer Rheotec RC 20 using the Spin ⁇ del CC 25 DIN (spindle diameter: mm 12.5; measuring cylinder inside diameter of 13.56 mm) at a shear rate of 50 1 / s.
- the polyisocyanates used are the customary aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and, in particular, aromatic di- and / or polyisocyanates. Preference is given to tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and, in particular, mixtures of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates (crude MDI).
- the isocyanates may also be modified, for example by incorporation of uretdione, carbamate, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, allophanate and in particular urethane groups.
- crude MDI For the production of rigid polyurethane foams in particular crude MDI is used.
- a crude MDI having an NCO content of 29 to 33 wt .-% and a viscosity of about 200 mPa s at 25 0 C is used.
- these compounds Preferably, these compounds have a 2-core MDI content of about 40 weight percent, a 3-core MDI content of about 26 weight percent, and a 4-core MDI content of about 8 weight percent. The rest are higher homologs.
- a mixture of a crude MDI a1) and a crude MDI a2) is used.
- the component a1) has an NCO content of 30 to 32 wt .-% and a viscosity of about 2000 mPa s, in particular between 2000 and 2200 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- the component a1) preferably has a content of 2-core MDI of 22 to 28 wt .-%, a proportion of 3-core MDI from 26 to 34 wt .-% and a content of 4-core MDI from 5 to 11 wt .-%, in each case based on the weight of component a1). The rest are higher homologs.
- the component a2) has an NCO content of 30 to 32 wt .-% and a viscosity of about 100 mPa s, preferably from 100 to 120 mPa s at 25 0 C.
- the component a2) preferably has a content of 2-core MDI of 43 to 53 wt .-%, a content of 3-core MDI from 20 to 26 wt .-% and a content of 4-core MDI from about 5 to 9 wt .-%, each based on the weight of component a2). The rest are higher homologs.
- the mixture of a1) and a2) preferably has a content of 2-core MDI of 25 to 38 wt .-% and a viscosity of 250 to 1000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- the viscosity of the polyisocyanates a1) and a2) and the mixture of a1) and a2) is also determined at 25 0 C using a rotational viscometer Rheotec RC 20 using the spindle CC un ⁇ ter 25 DIN (spindle diameter: 12.5 mm; Messzylin- the inner diameter: 13.56 mm) at a shear rate of 50 1 / s.
- isocyanurate groups into the polyisocyanate.
- catalysts which form isocyanurate groups for example alkali metal salts, such as potassium octoate and / or potassium acetate, alone or in combination with tertiary.
- alkali metal salts such as potassium octoate and / or potassium acetate
- Amines used used.
- the formation of isocyanurate leads to flame-resistant foams, which are preferably used in industrial rigid foam, for example in construction as an insulating board or sandwich elements.
- the isocyanurate formation can take place at temperatures above 6O 0 C reinforced.
- the mixture of the polyols b1), b2) and b3) is preferably used as the sole component b). However, it may be advantageous to use, in combination with the polyols mentioned, further compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms. In this case, the mixture of components b1), b2) and b3) is used in an amount of at least 70% by weight, based on the weight of component b).
- Suitable compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms b) which can be used together with the polyols b1), b2) and b3) described in more detail above are in particular those which contain two or more reactive groups selected from OH Groups, SH groups, NH groups, NH 2 groups and CH-acidic groups, such as ß-diketo groups, carry in the molecule. Preference is given to using polyester alcohols and / or polyether alcohols.
- polyester alcohols used together with the polyether alcohols b1), b2) and b3) used according to the invention are usually obtained by condensation of polyhydric alcohols, preferably diols, having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, with polyfunctional carboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, for example Succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, cork acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and preferably phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isomeric naphthalenedicarboxylic acids.
- polyhydric alcohols preferably diols, having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms
- polyfunctional carboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms
- the polyether alcohols used together with the polyether alcohols b1), b2) and b3) used according to the invention usually have a functionality between 2 and 8, in particular 4 to 8.
- Polyether polyols used in particular as polyhydroxyl compounds are prepared by known processes, for example by anionic polymerization of alkylene oxides in the presence of alkali metal hydroxides.
- the alkylene oxides used are preferably ethylene oxide and 1, 2-propylene oxide.
- the alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternately in succession or as mixtures.
- Possible starter molecules are, for example: water, organic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid and terephthalic acid, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally N-mono-, N 1 N- and N, N'-dialkyl-substituted diamines having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, such as optionally mono- and dialkyl-substituted ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, 1, 3-propylenediamine, 1, 3 or 1, 4-butylenediamine, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 4 , 1, 5- and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, aniline, phenylenediamines, 2,3-, 2,4-, 3,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine and 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2 , 2'-diaminodiphenylmethane.
- organic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adip
- alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, N-methyl- and N-ethylethanolamine
- dialkanolamines such as. Diethanolamine, N-methyl and N-ethyldiethanolamine and trialkanolamines such as triethanolamine and ammonia.
- polyhydric especially dihydric and / or trihydric alcohols, such as ethanediol, propanediol-1, 2 and -1, 3, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butanediol-1, 4, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and Sucrose, polyhydric phenols, such as 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane and 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylpropane-2,2, resols, such as oligomeric condensation products of phenol and formaldehyde, and Mannich condensates of phenols, Formaldehyde and dialkanolamines and melamine.
- dihydric and / or trihydric alcohols such as ethanediol, propanediol-1, 2 and -1, 3, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butanediol-1,
- the polyether polyols have a functionality of preferably 3 to 8 and in particular 3 and 6 and hydroxyl numbers of preferably 120 mg KOH / g to 770 mg KOH / g and in particular 240 mg KOH / g to 570 mg KOH / g, wherein the respective Values of which the polyols b1), b2) and b3) differ. Further information on the polyether alcohols and polyester alcohols used and their preparation can be found, for example, in Kunststoffhandbuch, Volume 7 "Polyurethane", edited by Günter Oertel, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff, 1993.
- the compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups also include the optionally used chain extenders and crosslinkers.
- chain extenders and crosslinkers are optionally used.
- difunctional chain extenders, trifunctional and higher functional crosslinking agents or possibly also mixtures thereof can be advantageous.
- Preferably used as chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents are alkanolamines and in particular diols and / or triols with molecular weights of less than 400, preferably 60 to 300.
- chain extenders, crosslinking agents or mixtures thereof are used for producing the rigid polyurethane foams, these are expediently used in an amount of from 0 to 20% by weight, preferably from 2 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the compounds with at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms b) are used.
- the process of the invention is usually carried out in the presence of blowing agents, catalysts and, if necessary, auxiliaries and / or additives.
- propellant c for example, water can be used which reacts with isocyanate groups with elimination of carbon dioxide.
- water instead of, but preferably in combination with water and so-called physical blowing agents can be used.
- These are compounds which are inert to the starting components and are usually liquid at room temperature and evaporate under the conditions of the urethane reaction.
- the boiling point of these compounds is preferably below 11O 0 C, in particular below 8O 0 C.
- Physicalmaschinemit ⁇ stuffs are also inert gases which are introduced into the into the starting components or are dissolved therein, for example carbon dioxide, nitrogen or noble gases.
- the liquid at room temperature compounds are usually selected from the group comprising alkanes and / or cycloalkanes having at least 4 carbon atoms, dialkyl ethers, esters, ketones, acetals, fluoroalkanes having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and tetraalkylsilanes having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular Tetra methyl silane.
- Examples which may be mentioned are propane, n-butane, iso- and cyclobutane, n-, iso- and cyclopentane, cyclohexane, dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, methyl butyl ether, methyl formate, acetone, and fluoroalkanes which are degraded in the troposphere and are therefore harmless to the ozone layer, such as trifluoromethane, difluoromethane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, Difluoroethane and 1, 1, 1, 2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, and perfluoroalkanes, such as: C 3 F 8 , C 4 F 10 , C 5 F 12 , C 6 F 14 , and C 7 F 17 .
- the said physical blowing agents can be used alone
- the catalysts used are in particular compounds which greatly accelerate the reaction of the isocyanate groups with the groups reactive with isocyanate groups.
- organic metal compounds preferably organic tin compounds, such as tin (II) salts of organic acids, are used.
- strongly basic amines examples include secondary aliphatic amines, imidazoles, amidines, triazines and alkanolamines.
- the catalysts can, depending on requirements, be used alone or in any mixtures with one another.
- auxiliaries and / or additives are the substances known per se for this purpose, for example surface-active substances, foam stabilizers, cell regulators, fillers, pigments, dyes, flameproofing agents, hydrolysis protection agents, antistatic agents, fungistatic and bacteriostatic agents.
- the polyisocyanates a) and the compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms b) are reacted in amounts such that the equivalence ratio of NCO groups of the polyisocyanates a) to the sum of the reactive Hydrogen atoms of the components b) 0.85 to 1, 75: 1, preferably 1, 0 to 1, 3: 1 and in particular about 1, 0 to 1.2: 1, is.
- a ratio of NCO groups of the polyisocyanates a) to the sum of the reactive hydrogen atoms of component b) is usually from 1.6 to 60: 1 , preferably 3.0 to 8: 1 applied.
- the isocyanate-based rigid foams can be prepared batchwise or continuously by the prepolymer or preferably by the one-shot method with the aid of known mixing devices.
- the starting components are at a temperature of 15 to 90 0 C, preferred wise from 20 to 35 ° C and introduced into an open, optionally temperature-controlled mold, in which the reaction mixture is allowed to foam free of pressure to avoid a compacted peripheral zone substantially.
- an open, optionally temperature-controlled mold in which the reaction mixture is allowed to foam free of pressure to avoid a compacted peripheral zone substantially.
- it is expedient to coat the back of a cover layer for example by pouring or spraying, with the foamable reaction mixture and to allow it to foam up and harden to give the rigid foam.
- foaming cavities the reaction mixture is introduced into the cavity, where it foams to fill the entire cavity, typical Students Reichllungs ⁇ grade of the cavities are between 5% and 25%.
- the rigid polyurethane foams produced by the process according to the invention are preferably used as insulating materials. In particular, their use is made for the isolation of refrigerators or for the production of sandwich elements, which can preferably be produced by double-band technology. In this case, cover layers of metal or plastic can be used.
- the density of the foams produced by the process according to the invention is preferably in the range between 25 and 45 g / l.
- the viscosity of the polyols and the isocyanates at 25 0 C was treated with a Rotationsviskosi- meter Rheotec RC 20 using the spindle CC 25 DIN (spindle für ⁇ diameter: mm 12.5; measuring cylinder réelled ⁇ rchmesser 13.56 mm) at a shear rate of 50 1 / s determined.
- the thermal conductivity was determined according to DIN 52616.
- DIN 52616 For the preparation of the strigkör ⁇ per the polyurethane reaction mixture in a form of dimensions 200 X 20 X 5 cm poured (10% overfilling) and after a few hours, a test specimen of dimension 20X20X2 cm cut from the middle.
- the compressive strength was determined according to DIN 53421 / DIN EN ISO 604
- the proportion of closed cells was determined according to ISO 4590.
- Polyol A Polyether alcohol from vicinal TDA, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, content of ethylene oxide: 15%, functionality 3.8, hydroxyl number 400, viscosity 17000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol B Polyether alcohol from sucrose, glycerol and propylene oxide, functionality 5.1, hydroxyl number 450, viscosity 20000 mPa s at 25 ° C
- Polyol C polyether alcohol from trimethylolpropane and propylene oxide, functionality 3, hydroxyl number 160, viscosity 300 mPas at 25 0 C
- Polyol D Polyether alcohol from vicinal TDA, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, functionality 4, hydroxyl number 200, viscosity 300 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol E Polyether alcohol of sorbitol and propylene oxide, functionality 5, hydroxyl number 490, viscosity 20000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol F Polyether alcohol from vicinal TDA, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, content of ethylene oxide: 22%, functionality 3.8, hydroxyl number 400, viscosity 9000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol G Polyether alcohol from sucrose, glycerol and propylene oxide, functionality 4.4, hydroxyl number 490, viscosity 8000 mPa s at 25 ° C
- Polyol H polyether alcohol from sucrose, propylene glycol and propylene oxide, functionality 6.5, hydroxyl number 570, viscosity 145000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol I Polyether alcohol of sucrose and propylene oxide, functionality 7.5, hydroxyl number 310, viscosity 2000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol J polyether alcohol from sucrose, glycerine and propylene oxide, functionality
- Polyol K polyether alcohol from sucrose, glycerine and propylene oxide, functionality
- Polyol L Polyether alcohol from sucrose, glycerol and propylene oxide, functionality 5.8, hydroxyl number 400, viscosity 12000 mPa s at 25 °
- Polyol M Polyether alcohol from triethanolamine and propylene oxide, functionality 3, hydroxyl value 140, viscosity 100 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol N Polyether alcohol of ethylenediamine and propylene oxide, functionality 4, hydroxyl number 160, viscosity 100 mPa s at 25 0 C.
- Polyol O polyetheralcohol of aniline and propylene oxide, functionality 2, hydroxyl number 160, viscosity 300 mPa s at 25 ° C
- Polyol P polyether alcohol of glycerol and propylene oxide, functionality 3, hydroxyl number 160, viscosity 200 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Polyol Q Polyether alcohol from vicinal TDA, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, functionality 3.8, hydroxyl value 380, viscosity 10000 mPa s at 25 ° C.
- Isocyanate 1 PMDI, viscosity 200 mPa s [25 ° C.], NCO content 31% by weight,
- Isocyanate 2 PMDI, viscosity 2000 mPa s [25 ° C.], NCO content 31% by weight,
- Isocyanate 3 PMDI, viscosity 100 mPa s [25 ° C.] 1 NCO content 31% by weight,
- Catalyst Mixture of 1.4 part of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 0.5 part of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 0.4 part of N600, BASF AG
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020077010173A KR101238100B1 (ko) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | 경질 폴리우레탄 발포체의 제조 방법 |
DK05798205.0T DK1799736T3 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HARD Polyurethane foam |
ES05798205T ES2540280T5 (es) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | Procedimiento para la preparación de espumas rígidas de poliuretano |
BRPI0516462-1A BRPI0516462A (pt) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | processo para produzir espumas de poliuretano rìgidas, espuma de poliuretano rìgida, uso de espumas de poliuretano rìgidas, e, dispositivo de refrigeração |
US11/575,719 US7893124B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | Method for producing rigid polyurethane foams |
PL05798205T PL1799736T5 (pl) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | Sposób wytwarzania sztywnych poliuretanowych tworzyw piankowych |
MX2007003035A MX2007003035A (es) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | Proceso para producir espumas rigidas de poliuretano. |
EP05798205.0A EP1799736B2 (de) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen |
JP2007535061A JP4907541B2 (ja) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | 硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 |
CN2005800339503A CN101035826B (zh) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | 生产硬聚氨酯泡沫材料的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004048728.6 | 2004-10-05 | ||
DE102004048728A DE102004048728A1 (de) | 2004-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoffen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006037540A2 true WO2006037540A2 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
WO2006037540A3 WO2006037540A3 (de) | 2006-11-09 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/010491 WO2006037540A2 (de) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-28 | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7893124B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1799736B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4907541B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101238100B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101035826B (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0516462A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004048728A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1799736T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2540280T5 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2007003035A (de) |
PL (1) | PL1799736T5 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1799736E (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006037540A2 (de) |
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JP2010515798A (ja) * | 2007-01-12 | 2010-05-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 硬質ポリウレタンフォーム |
WO2012038215A1 (de) | 2010-09-22 | 2012-03-29 | Basf Se | Fixierung von vakuumisolationspaneelen in kühlvorrichtungen |
US8193257B2 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2012-06-05 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Amine-initiated polyols and rigid polyurethane foam made therefrom |
WO2012119970A2 (de) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-09-13 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen |
EP2628756A1 (de) | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-21 | Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH | Halbharte Schaumstoffe auf Polyurethanbasis, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
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-
2004
- 2004-10-05 DE DE102004048728A patent/DE102004048728A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-09-28 PL PL05798205T patent/PL1799736T5/pl unknown
- 2005-09-28 EP EP05798205.0A patent/EP1799736B2/de active Active
- 2005-09-28 DK DK05798205.0T patent/DK1799736T3/en active
- 2005-09-28 US US11/575,719 patent/US7893124B2/en active Active
- 2005-09-28 ES ES05798205T patent/ES2540280T5/es active Active
- 2005-09-28 KR KR1020077010173A patent/KR101238100B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-09-28 JP JP2007535061A patent/JP4907541B2/ja active Active
- 2005-09-28 CN CN2005800339503A patent/CN101035826B/zh active Active
- 2005-09-28 MX MX2007003035A patent/MX2007003035A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-09-28 PT PT57982050T patent/PT1799736E/pt unknown
- 2005-09-28 BR BRPI0516462-1A patent/BRPI0516462A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-09-28 WO PCT/EP2005/010491 patent/WO2006037540A2/de active Application Filing
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1805240A1 (de) * | 2004-10-19 | 2007-07-11 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen |
JP2010515798A (ja) * | 2007-01-12 | 2010-05-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 硬質ポリウレタンフォーム |
KR101476469B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-30 | 2014-12-24 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 아민-개시된 폴리올 및 그로부터 제조된 경질 폴리우레탄 발포체 |
US8193257B2 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2012-06-05 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Amine-initiated polyols and rigid polyurethane foam made therefrom |
WO2012038215A1 (de) | 2010-09-22 | 2012-03-29 | Basf Se | Fixierung von vakuumisolationspaneelen in kühlvorrichtungen |
WO2012119970A2 (de) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-09-13 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen |
EP2628756A1 (de) | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-21 | Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH | Halbharte Schaumstoffe auf Polyurethanbasis, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
US9000062B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2015-04-07 | Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh | Semi-rigid polyurethane foams and processes for their production and use |
EP2886591A1 (de) | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | Evonik Industries AG | Zusammensetzung, geeignet zur Herstellung von Polyurethanschäumen, enthaltend mindestens ein Nukleierungsmittel |
US10988593B2 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2021-04-27 | Basf Se | Composition that is suitable for producing polyurethane foams and that contains at least one nucleating agent |
WO2018099824A1 (de) | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-07 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Polyurethan-hartschaumstoffe, ein verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
WO2018177941A1 (de) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Basf Se | Polyolkomponenten und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von polyurethan-hartschaumstoffen |
EA039777B1 (ru) * | 2017-03-27 | 2022-03-11 | Басф Се | Полиольные компоненты и их применение для получения жестких пенополиуретанов |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4907541B2 (ja) | 2012-03-28 |
ES2540280T3 (es) | 2015-07-09 |
JP2008516022A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
EP1799736B1 (de) | 2015-03-25 |
EP1799736B2 (de) | 2021-11-17 |
US7893124B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
WO2006037540A3 (de) | 2006-11-09 |
US20070232712A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
KR101238100B1 (ko) | 2013-03-04 |
ES2540280T5 (es) | 2022-04-19 |
DE102004048728A1 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
CN101035826B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
DK1799736T3 (en) | 2015-06-29 |
PT1799736E (pt) | 2015-05-13 |
MX2007003035A (es) | 2007-05-16 |
KR20070060150A (ko) | 2007-06-12 |
CN101035826A (zh) | 2007-09-12 |
BRPI0516462A (pt) | 2008-09-02 |
PL1799736T3 (pl) | 2015-08-31 |
EP1799736A2 (de) | 2007-06-27 |
PL1799736T5 (pl) | 2022-03-14 |
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