WO2006027853A1 - エンジンの制御装置 - Google Patents
エンジンの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006027853A1 WO2006027853A1 PCT/JP2004/013472 JP2004013472W WO2006027853A1 WO 2006027853 A1 WO2006027853 A1 WO 2006027853A1 JP 2004013472 W JP2004013472 W JP 2004013472W WO 2006027853 A1 WO2006027853 A1 WO 2006027853A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- injection valve
- air
- injection
- sub
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
- F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3094—Controlling fuel injection the fuel injection being effected by at least two different injectors, e.g. one in the intake manifold and one in the cylinder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine control device capable of performing optimal control in accordance with the nature (type) of fuel used.
- the amount of fuel injected by an injection valve provided in an intake port is set so that the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture sucked into a cylinder (combustion chamber) becomes a predetermined target air-fuel ratio suitable for combustion. Control is performed.
- the temperature of the wall of the intake passage is low, so the fuel adhering to the wall of the intake valve or intake port is less likely to evaporate. For this reason, in the cold state, the fuel sucked into the combustion chamber decreases with respect to the fuel injection amount. At this time, the fuel injection amount is normally corrected to increase so that combustion does not deteriorate.
- the evaporation rate of the fuel adhering to the intake valve or intake port varies depending on the properties of the fuel used at that time even if the wall surface temperature is the same.
- the fuel properties are estimated (determined) from the behavior of the engine, and the estimated (determined) fuel properties are obtained. In response to this, it is known to control the fuel injection amount at the start of the cold machine and after the start.
- the fuel evaporation rate is 1 when the wall temperature rises. Since the difference in evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and light gasoline is less likely to appear, the fuel properties are judged when the engine is in a cold state where the difference in evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and light gasoline is likely to appear. I am doing so.
- the fuel property is based on the responsiveness of the air-fuel ratio to the change in the fuel injection amount at the time of acceleration after the start. It is proposed to judge.
- the air-fuel ratio sensor needs to be activated. After the start (after the cranking is started), until the air-fuel ratio sensor is activated (the air-fuel ratio is accurately determined). It takes about 10 seconds to reach the temperature level at which it can be detected).
- the temperature of the intake valve to which the injected fuel from the injection valve provided in the intake port adheres and the surrounding temperature are Since the temperature rises rapidly (in about 5 seconds), when the air-fuel ratio sensor becomes active and the fuel property can be judged, the temperature of the intake valve and intake port has already increased. Since fuel vaporization is promoted even with high quality gasoline, the difference in evaporation rate from light gasoline is less likely to appear, so the fuel properties could not be determined accurately.
- the present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above.
- the purpose of the present invention is to determine the fuel injection amount at the start and after the start according to the properties of the fuel used. It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine control device that can optimally perform control and thus improve exhaust emission characteristics and fuel consumption.
- an engine control device basically includes a main injection valve configured to inject fuel into an intake port or a combustion chamber in an intake passage, and fuel to the intake passage.
- a sub-injection valve configured to inject into a portion upstream of the intake port or a bypass passage that bypasses the main injection valve, an air-fuel ratio detection means provided in an exhaust passage, the main injection valve and the sub-injection And control means for controlling the fuel injection amount by the injection valve.
- the control means temporarily executes the fuel injection by the sub-injection valve during the fuel injection by the main injection valve, and the air-fuel ratio detection means at that time detects the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means. It is characterized by comprising a fuel property judging means for judging the property of the fuel used based on the response of the fuel ratio.
- control means preferably changes control parameters such as the fuel injection amount and the ignition timing in accordance with the fuel property determined by the fuel property determination means.
- a main injection valve configured to inject fuel into an intake port or a combustion chamber in the intake passage, and bypasses the fuel upstream of the intake port in the intake passage or the main injection valve.
- a sub-injection valve configured to inject into the bypass passage; an air-fuel ratio detection means provided in the exhaust passage; and a control means for controlling the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve and the sub-injection valve.
- the control means temporarily executes fuel injection by the sub-injection valve during fuel injection by the main injection valve, and by the air-fuel ratio detection means at that time Based on the detected responsiveness of the air-fuel ratio, the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve at the start or after the start, the ignition timing after the start, and the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve at the time of acceleration are small Both are made to change one.
- the auxiliary injection valve has, in addition to the fuel injection port, a fuel introduction port into which fuel from a fuel tank is introduced, and a fuel outlet port for deriving fuel to the main injection valve. Then, the fuel is introduced into the main injection valve from the fuel outlet of the sub injection valve through the fuel piping.
- the inner wall portion to which the fuel injected from the auxiliary injection valve in the intake passage or the bypass passage adheres is provided with unevenness.
- a plate-like member is disposed on the inner wall portion of the intake passage or bypass passage located in the fuel injection direction of the sub-injection valve with a predetermined gap inward from the inner wall portion, Fuel injected from the sub-injection valve adheres to the surface of the plate-like member.
- a heat insulating member is sandwiched between the inner wall portion and the plate member.
- a shielding member for suppressing the flow rate of the intake air is arranged upstream of a portion of the intake passage or bypass passage where the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve adheres.
- a wall surface portion to which fuel injected from the sub-injection valve in the intake passage or bypass passage adheres is recessed from the upstream wall surface.
- the particle size of the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve is larger than the particle size of the fuel injected from the main injection valve.
- the sub-injection valve is downstream of the throttle valve in the intake passage, substantially parallel to the support shaft of the valve body of the throttle valve, and includes a plane including the central axis of the intake passage and the intake passage Fuel is injected toward the vicinity of the line of intersection with the wall.
- the sub-injection valve is configured to inject fuel toward a valve body of the throttle valve.
- control means reduces the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve when performing fuel injection by the sub injection valve or immediately before starting fuel injection by the sub injection valve.
- the control means preferably has an air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means. Based on this, feedback control of the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve is performed so that the actual air-fuel ratio becomes the target air-fuel ratio.
- control means performs the preliminary fuel injection by the sub-injection valve, then again injects fuel by the sub-injection valve, and the response of the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detection means at that time Based on the characteristics, at least one of the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve at the start or after the start, the ignition timing after the start, and the fuel injection amount by the main injection valve at the time of acceleration is changed. To be.
- a sub-injection valve is provided in the upstream side portion of the intake passage where the temperature is low and the air flow velocity is low, and additional injection is performed by this sub-injection valve. Since the fuel property is determined based on the change in air-fuel ratio (responsiveness) at the time, the fuel property of the engine can be accurately determined.
- the fuel injection amount at the start and after the start can be set to an optimum injection amount according to the fuel properties, and as a result, the exhaust emission characteristics and the fuel consumption can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a control device according to the present invention together with an engine to which the control device is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the control device according to the present invention together with the engine to which it is applied.
- Figure 3 is a time chart used to explain an example of the fuel property determination method.
- Fig. 4 is a time chart used for comparison with the conventional fuel property determination method.
- Figure 5 is a time chart used to explain another example of the fuel property determination method.
- Fig. 6 is a time chart used to explain another example of the fuel property determination method.
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between wall temperature and evaporation rate.
- Figure 8 is a graph showing the relationship between air flow rate and evaporation rate.
- Fig. 9 is a time chart used to explain the correction of the injection amount at start-up.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram used for explaining the injection amount at the start with respect to the change in the air-fuel ratio.
- Fig. 1 1 is a block diagram of the control unit.
- Figure 12 shows an example of a fuel property determination routine executed by the control unit.
- the flow chart The flow chart.
- Fig. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the start-up injection amount correction routine executed by the control unit.
- Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example in which the wall portion to which fuel sprayed from the sub-injection valve adheres is recessed from the upstream portion.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram used for explaining an arrangement example of the auxiliary injection valve.
- Figure 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the particle size of the injected fuel and the evaporation rate.
- Fig. 17 is a time chart used to explain another example of the fuel property determination method.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining another arrangement example of the auxiliary injection valve.
- Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the intake passage as seen from the direction A in Fig. 18.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for improving the accuracy of fuel property determination.
- Fig. 21 is a diagram used to explain another example of a method for improving the accuracy of fuel property determination.
- Fig. 22 is a diagram used to explain another example of a method for improving the accuracy of fuel property determination.
- Figure 23 is a diagram used to explain yet another example of a method for improving the accuracy of fuel property determination.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining another arrangement example of the auxiliary injection valve.
- Figure 25 shows an example of the spray shape of the sub-injection valve
- Fig. 26 is a diagram used to explain the correction of the judgment level based on the wall surface temperature.
- Fig. 27 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the auxiliary injection valve
- Fig. 28 is a time chart used to explain another example of the fuel property determination method.
- Fig. 29 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a refueling hatch switch.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an engine control apparatus according to the present invention.
- an in-vehicle multi-cylinder (for example, V type 6 cylinder) engine 1 has, for example, six cylinders (# 1 to # 6) provided in a cylinder 1 A, and a piston 18 slides in each cylinder.
- a combustion chamber 1 a that is freely fitted and is opened and closed by an intake valve 16 and an exhaust valve 9 is defined above the piston 18.
- a spark plug 24 is provided in the combustion chamber la.
- the intake valve 1 6 When the intake valve 1 6 opens by the downward movement of the piston 1 8 during the intake stroke, the external air is air cleaner 1 2, surge tank 1 3, intake hold (branch intake passage) 1 4, and intake air It is sucked into the combustion chamber through an intake passage 11 composed of ports 15 and the like.
- a throttle valve 17 is provided in the upstream portion of the intake passage 11, and a main injection valve 20 that injects fuel toward the intake valve 16 and the intake port 15 in the downstream portion. Is provided.
- a sub-injection valve 30 is provided between the throttle valve 21 and the surge tank 13 on the upstream side of the main injection valve 20 in the intake passage 11.
- a mixture of intake air and fuel injected from the main injection valve 20 (and sub injection valve 30) is sucked into the combustion chamber 1a via the intake valve 16 and ignited by the spark plug 24.
- the combustion exhaust gas (exhaust gas) is exhausted from the exhaust valve 9 through an exhaust passage 21 provided with an exhaust purification catalyst (not shown).
- An air flow sensor 61 and an intake air temperature sensor 62 are provided upstream of the throttle valve 17 in the intake passage 20, and the cylinder 1 A detects the coolant temperature corresponding to the engine temperature.
- a water temperature sensor 26 is provided, and an air-fuel ratio sensor 25 is provided in the exhaust passage 21.
- the sub injection valve 30 is pressurized by the fuel pump 31 from the fuel tank 31 and adjusted to a predetermined pressure by the fuel pressure regulator.
- the fuel inlet 3 7 introduced through the filter 3 4 (see FIG. 27) and the fuel outlet 3 8 for guiding the fuel to the main injection valve 20 (see FIG. 27)
- the fuel is introduced into the main injection valve 20 from the fuel outlet of the sub injection valve 30 via the fuel pipe 32.
- the control device 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a control unit 100 having a built-in microcomputer in order to perform various controls of the engine 11.
- the control unit 10 0 has a known configuration. As shown in FIG. 11, the input circuit 5 1, A / D converter 5 2, CPU 5 3, read memory 5 4, write read memory 5 5, Output circuit 5 6 etc.
- the control unit 100 is supplied with detection signals obtained from the air flow sensor 61, the intake air temperature sensor 62, the water temperature sensor 26, the air-fuel ratio sensor 25, etc.
- the control unit 100 controls the fuel injection amount and the ignition timing by the main injection valve 20 and the sub injection valve 30 based on these signals.
- the controller unit 100 0 temporarily performs fuel injection (additional injection) by the sub-injection valve 30 when performing fuel injection by the main injection valve 20. Based on the air-fuel ratio response detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 25 at that time, the property of the fuel used is estimated (determined). In other words, the fuel property is determined based on the evaporation rate of the fuel injected by the sub injection valve 30.
- the auxiliary injection valve 30 having a structure having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet is used, and the auxiliary injection valve 30 supplies fuel to the main injection valve 20. It is arranged in the middle of the fuel pipe to be supplied.
- Fuel injection port 3 A bottom-feed type injection valve that introduces fuel from the fuel introduction port 3 7 and discharges surplus fuel from the fuel outlet port 3 8. Residual fuel (fuel before refueling) is injected after refueling Since it is difficult to remain in the valve, it is possible to ensure the accuracy of fuel property determination.
- a fuel level sensor that detects the fuel level (amount) in the fuel tank 3 1 is provided, and it is judged whether or not refueling has been performed based on the signal obtained from them. May be performed.
- the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve 30 adheres to the wall surface of the intake passage 11, but the wall surface temperature of the upstream portion of the intake passage 11 is determined by the intake valve 16 and the intake air.
- the fuel evaporation rate from the wall depends greatly on the wall temperature.
- the upstream part is cooled by the intake air, and the heat transfer from the cylinder is small, so if the amount of intake air exceeds a certain level, the wall surface temperature almost matches the temperature of the intake air, and the temperature fluctuation is small. Therefore, by detecting the difference in evaporation rate from the wall surface of the upstream portion of the intake passage 11 with the air / fuel ratio change (responsiveness), the air / fuel ratio response when the injection amount of the conventional main injection valve 20 changes is detected. Compared with the case where it is judged in (1), it is less affected by disturbances such as load changes, and the accuracy of judgment of fuel properties can be improved.
- the intake wall temperature sensor 62 can accurately detect the wall surface temperature of the portion where the injected fuel from the sub-injection valve 30 adheres. Therefore, the accuracy of fuel property determination is improved by correcting the determination threshold when determining the fuel property based on the evaporation rate (air-fuel ratio response) using the temperature detected by the intake air temperature sensor 62. be able to.
- the intake passage to which the injected fuel from the sub-injection valve 30 adheres is located away from the combustion chamber 1a, and the surge tank 13 has a large capacity so that the intake passage 11 has a large capacity.
- the pressure change in the air also decreases, and the maximum flow velocity is lower than that of the intake port 15 part. Therefore, the difference in the evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and light gasoline is likely to appear due to the relationship between the air flow rate and the evaporation rate described above. Therefore, additional injection with the sub-injection valve makes the fuel property judgment accuracy more accurate. This is an improvement over the case of judging by air-fuel ratio response when the injection amount changes to zero.
- the wall surface of the upstream side portion of the intake passage 11 1 is suitable for determining the fuel property because the air flow rate is suppressed with respect to the intake port 15 and there is an appropriate air flow rate.
- the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve 30 evaporates while traveling and is sucked into the combustion chamber 1a and burned, so the fuel remaining in the intake passage 11 is reduced and released into the atmosphere. Almost no fuel is lost.
- the passage is curved near the intake port 15 and the shaft portion of the intake valve 1 6 is arranged, so that the air flow is uneven, but the upstream of the intake passage 11 In the side portion, the air flow is uniform with respect to the wall surface, so that the fuel evaporation state is more stable than that of the intake port 15, and the fuel property determination accuracy can be improved.
- the air flow velocity on the wall surface is further reduced to evaporate the fuel.
- the difference in the evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and light gasoline can be made larger so that the determination accuracy can be further improved.
- the fuel adhesion area on the wall surface varies, the amount of fuel evaporation will change and the accuracy of fuel property determination will decrease, so it is desirable that the fuel adhesion area on the wall surface be constant, but the conventional main injection valve 20 When determining the fuel properties based on the air-fuel ratio response when fuel is injected into the intake port 15, the air velocity at the intake port 15 is high, the spray is deflected by the air flow, and the fuel adhesion area fluctuates. The accuracy was not sufficiently obtained.
- the fuel property determination is performed by injecting the fuel into the wall of the upstream portion of the intake passage 11 with the sub injection valve 30
- the air flow velocity in the upstream portion of the intake passage 11 is Therefore, the fog is hard to be deflected and there is little fluctuation in the area where the fuel adheres, so the fuel property can be determined with high accuracy.
- the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 varies depending on the operating condition such as the required torque of the engine, but when the injection amount is large-
- the additional injection amount by the sub-injection valve 30 can be set to an injection amount suitable for the fuel property determination regardless of the operating state, so the accuracy of the fuel property determination can be improved.
- an injection amount that can detect the difference in the amount of evaporation due to the fuel properties and an injection amount that has a constant adhesion area without being too much injection amount, and further has a minimal effect on exhaust emission characteristics.
- the injection amount can be set as follows.
- the fog angle 0 1 may be configured to be larger than the soot angle ⁇ 1 of the main injection valve 20.
- the spray shape of the sub-injection valve 30 As shown in Fig. 25, even if spray is applied in one direction (one stream) to the wall surface of the intake passage 11, it is in two directions with respect to the wall surface. You may spray by spraying (2 streams). The painted area is the wall The fuel adhering part is shown.
- the fuel property judgment method is a sub-injection valve for judgment during fuel injection using only the main injection valve 20 during idling with little fluctuation in the operating state during constant speed running. Additional injection is performed for a predetermined time by 30. When the judgment is not made, fuel injection by the secondary injection valve 30 is prohibited. Since light gasoline has a high evaporation rate, the fuel additionally injected by the auxiliary injection valve 30 rapidly evaporates from the wall surface and flows into the combustion chamber 1a, and the detected air-fuel ratio shifts to the rich side. On the other hand, because the evaporation rate of heavy gasoline is low, the fuel additionally injected by the secondary injection valve 30 gradually evaporates and flows into the combustion chamber 1a.
- the delay in shifting is delayed, and the maximum rich shift is also reduced. Therefore, the rich deviation amount with respect to the air-fuel ratio before the additional injection is obtained after a predetermined delay time after the additional injection of the sub-injection valve 30 is performed by the air-fuel ratio sensor 25, and compared with the determination threshold SL 1 This makes it possible to determine the fuel properties.
- the sub-injection valve 30 may perform fuel injection for determining fuel properties. It is also possible to perform pre-spraying as shown by the broken line before performing the above and discharge the residual fuel in the auxiliary injection valve 30.
- the main injection is performed immediately before the additional injection is performed by the auxiliary injection valve 30.
- the exhaust gas is made to be in an oxygen-excess state so that oxygen is occluded in the catalyst, and the additional injection of the sub-injection valve 30 causes the exhaust gas to run out of oxygen. Even when it becomes, the unburned gas may be purified on the catalyst by the adsorbed oxygen.
- FIG. 4 compares the change in the air-fuel ratio and the HC concentration of the exhaust gas when the fuel increase for fuel property determination is performed with the sub-injection valve 30 and with the main injection valve 20.
- the temperature of the intake valve 16 and intake port 15 and the air flow velocity are high, so the adhering fuel immediately evaporates and flows into the combustion chamber 1 a, so the air-fuel ratio is rich.
- the amount of deviation increases and HC emissions increase.
- the fuel is increased by the sub-injection valve 30 of the present embodiment, since the wall surface temperature of the upstream portion of the intake passage 11 is low, the fuel gradually evaporates. small Therefore, HC emissions are reduced compared to when fuel is increased with the main injection valve 20.
- the HC in the exhaust gas by the additional injection at the time of fuel property judgment is different from the conventional fuel injection with the main injection valve 20. Can suppress the increase of CO.
- the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve 30 (spray) as shown in FIG. ) Is attached to the wall surface portion 68 of the intake passage 11 to be recessed from its upstream portion to reduce the air flow velocity on the wall surface to which the fuel adheres, thereby suppressing fuel evaporation.
- Judgment accuracy can also be improved by increasing the difference in evaporation rate between heavy and light gasoline.
- Fig. 4 shows the comparison between the change in air-fuel ratio and the exhaust gas HC concentration (emission amount) when the fuel is increased by the main injection valve 20 and when the fuel is increased by the sub-injection valve 30. If the fuel increase is the same with the main injection valve 20 and the fuel increase is the same, the increased fuel immediately evaporates due to the high temperature of the intake valve 16 and intake port 15 to which the fuel adheres and the high air flow rate. Then, it is sucked into the combustion chamber 1a, the air-fuel ratio suddenly shifts to the rich side, and the maximum latch shift amount also increases. This greatly increases the HC concentration in the exhaust gas.
- the increased amount of fuel is gradually increased due to the low temperature of the upstream wall of the intake passage 11 where the fuel adheres and the low air flow rate. 1 flows into a, and the maximum rich deviation of the air-fuel ratio is also reduced.
- an increase in the HC concentration in the exhaust gas can be suppressed as compared with the case where the fuel is increased by the main injection valve 20.
- the fuel increase by the auxiliary injection valve 30 for determining the fuel property is performed when the feedback control is being performed.
- the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 is corrected to decrease by the air-fuel ratio feedback control, and the deviation amount of the air-fuel ratio to the rich side is reduced. Since it decreases, the increase in HC and CO concentration in the exhaust gas due to judgment can be suppressed.
- the determination of the fuel property at this time is performed based on the feed pack correction amount of the air-fuel ratio, not the air-fuel ratio.
- the fuel increase is immediately evaporated and flows into the combustion chamber 1a, so that the amount of change ⁇ ⁇ in the air-fuel ratio feedback correction amount (coefficient) increases.
- the amount of fuel increase gradually evaporates and flows into the combustion chamber 1a, so the change ⁇ air in the air-fuel ratio feedback coefficient becomes smaller. Therefore, the fuel property can be determined by comparing the ⁇ threshold value S L 2.
- the amount of injection by the main injection valve 20 is reduced, so that the air-fuel ratio shift due to the increase in fuel property determination is suppressed, and the HC, CO in the exhaust gas Can be suppressed.
- the additional injection amount by the sub-injection valve 3 ⁇ can be finely controlled by the control unit 100, so that the fuel property judgment accuracy can be ensured, and in the exhaust gas by the additional injection (fuel increase)
- the injection amount can be set so as to minimize the increase in unburned gas (HC).
- the wall surface to which the spray of the sub-injection valve 30 adheres is upstream of the intake passage, so the wall surface temperature is low and the evaporation of fuel proceeds more slowly than the intake port.
- the wall surface to which the spray of the sub-injection valve 30 adheres is upstream of the intake passage, so the wall surface temperature is low and the evaporation of fuel proceeds more slowly than the intake port.
- the air-fuel ratio feedback control is stopped and the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 is a predetermined amount and a predetermined time. The amount may be reduced.
- the change in the air-fuel ratio occurs when heavy gasoline is used, but in order to further reduce the bounce back to the exhaust gas due to the additional injection, as shown in FIG. It is acceptable to reduce the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 when performing additional injection and to continue the air-fuel ratio feedback control of the main injection valve 20.
- the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 when additional injection of the sub-injection valve 30 is performed, the amount of fuel sprayed from the sub-injection valve 30 and sucked into the combustion chamber 1a quickly evaporates in light gasoline and burns into the combustion chamber. 1 Inhaled into a, but when light gasoline is used, the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 is corrected to decrease in a preset pattern so as to offset the change in the air-fuel ratio due to the increase by the auxiliary injection valve 30 .
- the air-fuel ratio hardly fluctuates.
- the evaporation of the injected fuel from the sub-injector valve 30 is slow. Since there is a delay in the increase in the amount of fuel sucked into a, the air-fuel ratio shifts to the lean side when the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 is reduced. At this time, by correcting the amount of fuel increased by air-fuel ratio feed pack control, fluctuations in the air-fuel ratio do not occur even when heavy gasoline is used, so that it is possible to prevent rebound to the exhaust gas at the time of determination.
- the fuel property is determined by the change in the air-fuel ratio feed pack correction amount (coefficient). Compare the amount of change ⁇ a in the air-fuel ratio feed pack coefficient immediately before performing additional injection with the sub-injection valve 30 and after a predetermined time delay after the start of additional injection with the predetermined threshold value SL 3, and be smaller than SL 3. If it exceeds SL 3, it is judged as heavy gasoline.
- the change in the air-fuel ratio or the air-fuel ratio feedback pack coefficient is small if the fuel is heavy. In this example, however, the change in the air-fuel ratio feedback coefficient changes as the fuel becomes heavier. growing.
- the sub-injection valve 30 is arranged at a position where the wall surface temperature is relatively low upstream of the main injection valve 20 in the intake passage 11.
- the fuel is injected toward the wall of the passageway (placement A), but the throttle valve 1 7 is placed on the wall near the throttle valve 1 7. Since the air flow rate increases due to the throttle of the fuel, the evaporation of fuel is promoted and the difference in the evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and light gasoline may be less likely to appear. It may be arranged at a position away from 7 (Arrangement A 2).
- the throttle valve 17 in order to promote mixing of intake air and fuel, it may be arranged upstream of the throttle valve 17 and injected toward the wall surface (arrangement B).
- the pressure in the intake passage is higher in the upstream of the throttle valve 17 than in the downstream of the throttle valve 17, so that the evaporation of fuel can be suppressed and a difference in the evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and quality gasoline tends to appear.
- the accuracy of determination of fuel properties can be improved.
- the heat received from the combustion chamber 1 a at a position away from the combustion chamber 1 a upstream from the throttle valve 17, for example, near the air cleaner 1 2, etc., the heat received from the combustion chamber 1 a is low and the wall surface temperature is low. Therefore, the difference in evaporation rate between heavy gasoline and light gasoline tends to appear.
- the auxiliary injection valve 30 may be arranged upstream of the collection part (arrangement C 1) of one bank of the surge tank 13 and injected toward the wall surface.
- the additional injection for determining the fuel property is performed only in the bank on the side where the auxiliary injection valve 30 is provided, the additional injection amount can be reduced as compared with the case where the additional injection is performed in both banks. The increase in unburned HC and co can be suppressed.
- the additional injection is performed by the secondary injection valve 30
- the additional injection is performed by reducing the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 on the bank side where the secondary injection valve 30 is provided.
- the increase in HC and CO due to may be suppressed.
- the sub-injection valve 30 may be arranged as in the arrangement C 2 and injected toward the upstream wall surface. Part of the injected fuel from the sub-injection valve 30 is not directly attached to the wall of the passage, but is directly sucked into the combustion chamber 1a. At this time, if the intake air and fuel are mixed poorly, combustion deteriorates and HC, CO In this configuration, the sub-injection valve 30 (in the fuel injection direction) is directed upstream so that mixing with air can be improved.
- auxiliary injection valve 30 may be arranged so as to inject fuel toward the inner wall surface of the bent portion of the intake passage 11 as in arrangement C3. Inside wall of bent part of intake passage 1 1 Then, as indicated by the arrow, the fuel flow is reduced by reducing the flow velocity of air against the outer wall surface of the bend. The difference between the evaporation rates of light gasoline and light gasoline is likely to appear, and the fuel property judgment accuracy can be improved.
- the fuel may be injected toward the outer wall surface of the bent portion of the intake passage where the wall surface temperature decreases.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an engine portion in another embodiment of the engine control apparatus according to the present invention.
- the auxiliary injection valve 30 is provided in the bypass passage 19 that bypasses the slot valve 17 in the intake passage 11.
- the bypass passage 19 is provided with an air control valve 19 a (which can be an ISC panoramic valve) that controls the amount of air flowing therethrough.
- the opening of the air control valve 19 a and the throttle valve 17 By adjusting the opening, it is possible to adjust the air flow rate of the bypass passage 19 to which the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve 30 adheres. From the relationship between the air flow rate and the evaporation rate described above, heavy gasoline and light gasoline are adjusted.
- bypass passage 19 is connected to the upstream of the surge tank 13
- the bypass passage 19 is configured to branch downstream, and the branched bypass passage is connected to the intake hold 14 of each cylinder. It ’s okay.
- an electric heater is provided downstream of the sub-injection valve and sub-injection valve, and the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve is forcibly vaporized by a heater and supplied to the combustion chamber during cold operation.
- the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve is forcibly vaporized by a heater and supplied to the combustion chamber during cold operation.
- bypass passage 19 may be branched from the downstream of the tor valve 17.
- a guide 69 is preferably provided so that an appropriate amount of air that has passed through the throttle valve 17 flows into the bypass passage.
- bypass in bypass passage 1 9 The point that the injection valve 30 is provided is the same as in FIG.
- the auxiliary injection valve 30 may be arranged as shown in arrangement D 2. That is, in the intake passage 1 1 (throttle body 2 3), downstream of the throttle valve 17, substantially parallel to the support shaft 17 a of the valve body of the throttle valve 1 ⁇ , the intake passage 1 1 (2 3) You may arrange
- FIG. 19 is a view of the intake passage 23 as viewed from the downstream side of the throttle valve 17.
- the sub-injection valve 30 injects spray so that the spray adheres to the upper wall surface of the intake passage 23, whereas in arrangement D2, the sub-injection valve 30 has the throttle shaft 1 7 support shaft 1 7
- the fuel spray from the sub-injector valve 30 adheres to a position away from the opening of the throttle valve 17, but at this position, the air flow rate is higher than that near the opening. Therefore, the accuracy of the fuel property determination can be improved as compared with the case where the fuel is injected onto the wall surface near the opening due to the relationship between the air flow rate and the evaporation rate.
- a shielding plate 65 may be provided at an upstream position of the wall surface to which the fog of the sub-injection valve 30 adheres so as to reduce the air flow velocity on the wall surface.
- the throttle valve 17, the auxiliary injection valve 30, and the passage portion may be configured as an integral throttle body 23.
- Reference numeral 24 denotes a joint flange between the throttle body and the intake passage.
- sub-injection valve 30 (with shielding plate 65) You may comprise as a sub-injection valve module which consists of minutes.
- a joining flange (broken line) is provided between the throttle body and the injection valve module.
- the wall surface of the portion to which the fuel spray from the sub-injection valve 30 adheres may be a flat surface.
- FIG. Since the air flow is less likely to contact the fuel, the evaporation of the fuel is suppressed, and the accuracy of the fuel property determination can be improved from the relationship between the air flow rate and the evaporation rate described above. Further, as shown in FIG.
- a plate-like member is provided on the inner wall portion of the intake passage 11 located in the fuel injection direction of the sub-injection valve 30 with a predetermined gap inward from the inner wall portion. 28 may be arranged so that the fuel injected from the sub-injection valve 30 adheres to the surface of the plate-like member 28.
- Reference numeral 29 denotes a support portion for the plate-like member 28.
- the plate-like member 28 to which the fuel adheres is insulated from the wall surface of the intake passage 11 and further cooled by the air flow, so that the fuel evaporation is further suppressed, and the relationship between the wall surface temperature and the evaporation rate described above. Therefore, the accuracy of fuel property determination can be improved.
- a heat insulating member may be sandwiched between the inner wall portion and the plate member 28. Further, since the surface of the throttle valve 17 is cooled by the air flow and its surface temperature is low, as shown in FIG. 24, the sub-injection valve is attached so that fuel adheres to the surface of the throttle valve 17. 30 may be placed (placement E 1 or placement E 2). Thereby, the accuracy of fuel property determination can be improved from the relationship between the wall surface temperature and the evaporation rate.
- fuel is attached to the back surface of the throttle valve 17 having a low air flow rate (the downstream side surface with respect to the air flow direction), thereby further suppressing fuel evaporation and improving the accuracy of the fuel property determination. Can be improved.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which the injection amount and the ignition timing of the main injection valve 20 after the start of the cold machine are changed.
- the injection amount of the main injection valve 20 is indicated by the fuel-air ratio (injection fuel amount Z air amount).
- injection fuel amount Z air amount the fuel-air ratio
- the evaporation rate of gasoline is low when starting cold with heavy gasoline, and the combustion chamber is from start to start. 1 Since the gas phase fuel in a is insufficient, the fuel injection amount is increased to prevent deterioration of combustibility.
- light fuel has a high evaporation rate, so if it is injected with the injection amount set for heavy gasoline, it becomes over-rich and HC and CO emissions increase.
- the injection amount at the start and after the start is increased, and when it is determined as light, the injection amount at the start and after the start is decreased.
- the air-fuel ratio does not become over-rich with light gasoline, which is easy to evaporate, and the increase in HC and C0 emissions due to this can be suppressed.
- the ignition timing is delayed (retarded) with respect to the normal ignition timing in order to promote the temperature rise of the catalyst.
- the gas phase fuel in the combustion chamber 1a is insufficient, and if the ignition timing is delayed at this time, the combustion deteriorates rapidly. The amount was set low. For this reason, even when light gasoline is used, the amount of retarded ignition timing is limited, the temperature of the catalyst becomes insufficient, and HC and N O x emissions may increase.
- the retard amount at the ignition timing after start is set large to promote the temperature rise of the catalyst.
- the ignition timing retard amount can be set small to suppress the deterioration of combustibility.
- the air-fuel ratio change amount A AZ F and air-fuel ratio feedback correction amount (coefficient) ⁇ ⁇ calculated by the judgment method of this example are correlated with the fuel properties, and the fuel increase with the conventional main injection valve As shown in Fig. 10, if the injection amount at start or after start is a function of ⁇ ⁇ / F or air-fuel ratio feedback coefficient ⁇ , as shown in Fig. 10, it always depends on the fuel properties. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the HC and CO emissions at start-up.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of a fuel property determination routine executed by the control unit 100. This routine starts when the power is turned on. After the start, first, at step 1 0 1, it is determined whether the air-fuel ratio sensor 25 is active. If the air / fuel ratio sensor 25 is activated, it is determined in step 1 0 5 whether or not fuel has been supplied. The fuel property judgment is performed every time fueling is detected by detecting that fuel has been supplied. It is necessary to
- detecting refueling such as providing a fuel level sensor in a fuel tank or a fuel tank provided with a switch (hatch switch) that detects the opening of the refueling hatch, and detecting the refueling by changing the fuel level.
- a switch hatch switch
- step 105 If refueling is detected in step 105, the data indicating that the fuel property judgment has been completed is reset (the judgment has not been completed).
- Step 107 it is determined whether or not the vehicle has traveled for a predetermined time or more after refueling in Step 107. This is because there is a slight time delay before the fuel before refueling and the fuel that has remained in the fuel tank even after refueling, and the fuel in the fuel tank is mixed in the fuel property determination. This is because it needs to be done later.
- it may be determined by the number of times of acceleration / deceleration after refueling in consideration of the fact that mixing is accelerated by acceleration / deceleration.
- step 110 the temperature of the intake passage wall to which the fuel of the sub-injection valve 30 adheres is a low temperature suitable for determination.
- the engine temperature and intake air temperature are lower than the predetermined values, or within a predetermined time after starting.
- the wall surface temperature may be high.
- the engine temperature rises after high speed and high load driving, and the engine room temperature also rises. Therefore, it is determined that the wall surface temperature is high after high speed and high load driving.
- step 1 1 0 If it is determined in step 1 1 0 that the wall temperature is low, it is determined in step 1 2 0 whether or not it is a steady state in which there is little change in the operating state in order to improve the determination accuracy. To do.
- An example is constant speed driving when idling.
- the detected air-fuel ratio AZF is read into the memory AF1 as an initial value before the determination in step 130 if the determination is made while the air-fuel ratio feedback control is stopped.
- the air-fuel ratio feedback coefficient ⁇ is read into the memory 1.
- pre-injection for discharging the residual fuel in the auxiliary injection valve 30 may be performed.
- pre-injection is performed.
- the detected air-fuel ratio or air-fuel ratio feedback coefficient
- step 140 additional injection by the auxiliary injection valve 30 is started at step 140.
- the additional injection by the sub injection valve 30 continues for a predetermined amount of time and then stops (temporary injection).
- the pattern of additional injection by the sub-injection valve 30 can be freely set by the control unit 100, so that in addition to increasing the additional injection stepwise, in order to prevent deterioration of exhaust emission characteristics, You may make it increase gradually with progress of time.
- the main injection is started after additional injection is started at step 1 45 with sub injection valve 30.
- the fuel injection amount by the injection valve 20 is corrected to decrease by a preset pattern.
- step 15 Since there is a time lag between the start of additional injection by the sub-injection valve 30 and the change of the detected air-fuel ratio, in step 15 0, a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of additional injection by the sub-injection valve 30. It is determined whether or not elapses.
- step 160 the detected air-fuel ratio A / F is read into the memory AF2, or the air-fuel ratio feedback coefficient ⁇ is read into the memory ⁇ 2.
- the difference between the initial value of AZ F or ⁇ and the A / F or ⁇ after the additional injection ⁇ A / F ( ⁇ ⁇ ) Is calculated by the following formula (1).
- Step 180 the fuel property is determined by comparing ⁇ A / F ( ⁇ ) calculated in Step 170 with the threshold value SL.
- ⁇ A / F ( ⁇ ) calculated in Step 170
- the threshold value SL if ⁇ / F ( ⁇ ⁇ ) exceeds the threshold SL, it is judged as light gasoline in step 190, and if it does not exceed the threshold SL.
- step 200 it is determined as heavy gasoline.
- the threshold value S L may be changed according to operating state parameters such as engine temperature (cooling water temperature) and intake air temperature.
- the threshold value SL to be compared with ⁇ AZF is set as shown in FIG. 26 with respect to the wall surface temperature (detected by the intake air temperature sensor 62).
- the fuel fuel property determination result the data indicating that the fuel property determination described above is completed, and ⁇ / Store the calculation result of F ( ⁇ ⁇ ) in the backup memory (R AM). These data are used to correct the fuel injection amount at the subsequent start-up.
- step 105 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 12 There is a method to detect the opening of the refueling hatch as a means for detecting the refueling, but in general, refueling is performed when the engine is stopped, and the engine unit 100 that determines refueling when the engine is stopped is turned off. Since the refueling hatch is closed after refueling, the normal opening / closing switch may not be able to detect the refueling. Here, it is possible to determine whether the engine has been stopped.
- FIG. 29 shows an example of a switch that can detect that the engine has been refueled.
- hatch switch 40 is connected to wire 39 for opening the refueling hatch. They are connected by conductors via lever 41.
- the power terminal 4 2 of the hatch switch 40 is electrically connected to a contact part 48 formed of a conductor via a power lead part 44.
- the output terminal 43 of the hatch switch 40 is aerobically connected to a shaft 46 formed of a conductor via an output lead portion 45.
- the lever 41 When the hatch opens, the lever 41 is in the position indicated by the broken line. At this time, the shaft 46 is pushed out to the position indicated by the broken line and contacts the contact part 48. At this time, if the power supply terminal 42 of the hatch switch 40 is energized, it contacts the power supply lead part 4 4 of the output terminal 43, so that the voltage of the output terminal 43 becomes high and the opening of the hatch can be detected.
- the shaft 46 can be driven by a solenoid 47, and after detecting lubrication, the control unit 100 is energized to the solenoid 47. At this time, the shaft
- Fig. 13 shows an example of a routine for correcting the fuel injection amount at start based on the fuel property determination in a flow chart.
- step 300 it is determined from the engine temperature or the like whether or not the engine is in a cold state that requires injection amount correction at the start based on the fuel property determination result. If it is judged that the engine temperature is high and it is not necessary to correct the fuel injection amount at start-up, the fuel injection amount correction coefficient is set to 0 in step 3 30.
- the fuel property determination is performed based on the data indicating that the above-described fuel property determination is completed in Step 3 10 It is determined whether or not.
- the determination result of the fuel property is lost, for example, when the battery is removed, the determination is not completed.
- the determination is not completed unless a fuel property determination is subsequently made. If the judgment is not completed, the injection correction coefficient K2 (large increase) for heavy gasoline is set in step 3500 so that the fuel does not become worse when starting with heavy gasoline and the combustion does not deteriorate.
- step 3 20 If the fuel property determination is complete, read the determination result in step 3 20. If it is determined that the gasoline is heavy, set the injection correction coefficient for heavy gasoline in step 3500. If it is determined that the gasoline is light gasoline, set the injection correction coefficient K 1 (light increase small) for light gasoline in step 3 40.
- the injection correction coefficients K l and ⁇ 2 are set as a function of the engine temperature, taking into account that the evaporation rate varies with the engine temperature.
- the fuel injection amount of the main injection valve 20 after starting or after starting is calculated in step 36.
- This injection amount is calculated as a value obtained by multiplying the base injection amount by the time correction amount and the fuel increase correction by the aforementioned injection correction coefficient.
- the time correction amount is an increase value according to the elapsed time after cranking starts or after starting.
- the injection correction coefficient is switched to two levels according to the result of the fuel property determination, but the ⁇ A / F calculated in step 1 70 of FIG.
- the injection amount may be finely corrected in accordance with the fuel properties using the injection amount correction function (table) shown in FIG. 10 based on the calculated value of ( ⁇ ⁇ ).
- ⁇ ⁇ / F (F a) decreases as the fuel properties become heavier, so the injection amount at start is reduced as ( ⁇ a) decreases. Correct the increase.
- a AZ F ( ⁇ a) increases as the fuel properties become heavier, so that ⁇ ⁇ / F ( ⁇ a) increases accordingly. Catch the amount increased.
- the main injection valve is provided in the intake port (boat injection type).
- the present invention is applicable to an in-cylinder injection type engine in which the main injection valve is provided in the combustion chamber 1a.
- the invention is equally applicable.
- the present invention can be applied to a direct injection engine as it is.
- a sub-injection valve is provided upstream of the intake passage, additional injection is performed by the sub-injection valve, and the fuel based on the response of the detected air-fuel ratio at that time The property can be determined.
- the fuel property of the engine can be accurately determined, so that the fuel injection amount at the start or after the start can be set to an optimum injection amount according to the fuel property.
- Exhaust emission characteristics can be improved (reducing HC and CO in the exhaust gas) and fuel efficiency can be improved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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PCT/JP2004/013472 WO2006027853A1 (ja) | 2004-09-09 | 2004-09-09 | エンジンの制御装置 |
JP2006515491A JPWO2006027853A1 (ja) | 2004-09-09 | 2004-09-09 | エンジンの制御装置 |
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Cited By (6)
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JP2008208773A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | セタン価検出制御装置 |
CN105121818A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-12-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于识别燃料混合物的方法 |
JP2016035223A (ja) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-03-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の燃料性状判定装置 |
JP2016514800A (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2016-05-23 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 過渡補正を適合させるための方法 |
JP2017066867A (ja) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-06 | スズキ株式会社 | 燃料噴射制御装置 |
JP2022150185A (ja) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-10-07 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 推定装置および内燃機関制御装置 |
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JP2008208773A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | セタン価検出制御装置 |
CN105121818A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-12-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于识别燃料混合物的方法 |
JP2016514800A (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2016-05-23 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 過渡補正を適合させるための方法 |
JP2016515678A (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2016-05-30 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 燃料混合気を識別するための方法 |
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JP2016035223A (ja) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-03-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の燃料性状判定装置 |
US9541015B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2017-01-10 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel property determination apparatus for internal combustion engine |
JP2017066867A (ja) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-06 | スズキ株式会社 | 燃料噴射制御装置 |
JP2022150185A (ja) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-10-07 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 推定装置および内燃機関制御装置 |
JP7302619B2 (ja) | 2021-03-26 | 2023-07-04 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 推定装置および内燃機関制御装置 |
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