WO2006022297A1 - 蓄冷器及びクライオポンプ - Google Patents
蓄冷器及びクライオポンプ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006022297A1 WO2006022297A1 PCT/JP2005/015348 JP2005015348W WO2006022297A1 WO 2006022297 A1 WO2006022297 A1 WO 2006022297A1 JP 2005015348 W JP2005015348 W JP 2005015348W WO 2006022297 A1 WO2006022297 A1 WO 2006022297A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- regenerator
- alloy
- coolness
- helium gas
- cryopump
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a regenerator containing a regenerator material that exchanges heat with a refrigerant gas, for example, helium gas, and temporarily stores heat, and a cryopump provided with the regenerator.
- a refrigerant gas for example, helium gas
- a cryopump is a pump in which a low temperature surface is provided in a vacuum vessel, and gas molecules in the vessel are condensed or adsorbed and captured and exhausted.
- a closed cycle small helium refrigerator is generally used to form the cold surface.
- the helium refrigerator is a storage type refrigerator using helium gas as a refrigerant gas (working fluid), and high pressure helium gas is fed into an expansion space in a low temperature section, and adiabatic expansion of the helium gas there causes a low temperature.
- a feature of the regenerative refrigerator is that it has a heat exchanger called a regenerator.
- the role of the regenerator is to compress compressed high-pressure high-temperature helium gas flowing in one direction, store heat and pre-cool the helium gas fed into the expansion space, and expand low-pressure low-temperature helium gas flowing in the opposite direction. The stored heat is given and cooled to room temperature, so as to let the helium gas escape.
- a regenerator contains a regenerator material that exchanges heat with helium gas, and as the regenerator material, its thermal conductivity is high and its specific heat is higher than other metals at a low temperature (30 K or less). Lead, which is much cheaper, is used.
- high-specification refrigerators have higher specific heat than lead at cryogenic temperatures (15 K or less).
- Magnetic materials such as Ni may be used. See, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-300251.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-143341
- lead is a low-cost material that has a high specific heat at low temperatures compared to other metals, it has refrigeration properties. In order to improve performance, it is necessary to use a large amount and high purity, which requires recovery and appropriate treatment after use, which has a large impact on the environment, and is not easy to handle.
- Magnetic materials are very expensive.
- its specific heat is characterized by having a large peak near the phase transition temperature
- several types of substances having specific heat peaks at different temperatures are selected according to the temperature distribution in the regenerator. This also increases costs, as constructing a regenerator is more effective than using it alone.
- the magnetic material is an intermetallic compound, is hard and brittle, and has poor workability.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a cold storage device and a cryopump using such a cold storage material.
- the regenerator of the present invention is a regenerator storing a regenerator material that exchanges heat with the refrigerant gas in an internal passage through which the refrigerant gas passes, wherein the regenerator material is Sn, Bi— It is characterized in that it is made of either an Sn alloy or an Ag-Sn alloy.
- the cryopump of the present invention is characterized by further comprising a regenerator in which a regenerator material made of any of Sn, Bi-Sn alloy and Ag-Sn alloy is contained in an internal passage through which a refrigerant gas passes. ing.
- regenerator material made of any of Sn, Bi-Sn alloy and Ag-Sn alloy does not contain lead, it is easy to handle with less adverse effects on human bodies and the environment. It is also cheaper than magnetic materials. Furthermore, since the processability is also excellent, for example, processing into a minute spherical shape can be easily performed in order to enhance the heat exchange efficiency with the refrigerant gas.
- any one of Sn, Bi—Sn alloy, and Ag—Sn alloy is used as a regenerator material for performing heat exchange with the refrigerant gas, and therefore, it is equivalent to the conventional one. While maintaining the performance, it is possible to provide one that is inexpensive and excellent in handleability.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cryopump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory view of a refrigerator in the cryopump of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 A graph showing the specific heat characteristics of various regenerator materials.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a cryopump 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the cryopump 1 is provided with a refrigerator unit 2, and the refrigerator unit 2 is provided with a compressor 3 and cylinders 5 and 6 of large and small stages.
- the helium gas compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 3 circulates in both the cylinders 5 and 6 to cool the expansion space formed in the cylinders 5 and 6 to a cryogenic temperature, and accompanying therewith the cylinders 5 and 6
- the shield 7, baffles 8 and cryopanels 9 connected to the are also cooled to extremely low temperatures to condense gas molecules.
- two displacers 11, 12 are accommodated inside the cylinders 5, 6.
- the displacers 11 and 12 are connected to the drive shaft of the motor 4 shown in FIG. 1 via the cam 17, and the two displacers 11 and 12 are integrated together in the cylinders 5 and 6 by the drive rotation of the motor drive shaft. Reciprocated.
- a single-stage regenerator 13 is accommodated in the single-stage displacer 11.
- a two-stage regenerator 14 is accommodated in the two-stage displacer 12.
- the inside of the first-stage regenerator 13 is a passage through which helium gas, which is a refrigerant gas, passes, and a plurality of copper wire nets as a regenerator material 15 are stacked in the passage.
- the inside of the two-stage regenerator 14 is also a passage through which helium gas passes, and the passage is filled with a plurality of microspheres as a regenerator material 16.
- the regenerator material 16 of the two-stage regenerator 14 is made of any of Sn, Bi-Sn alloy, and Ag-Sn alloy.
- a first stage heat load flange 31 is provided on an outer wall of a first stage expansion space 21 formed between an end wall of the first stage cylinder 5 and an end wall of the first stage displacer 11 inside the first stage cylinder 5. It is The shield 7 and the baffle 8 shown in FIG. 1 are connected to the first-stage heat load flange 31, and the shield 7 and the baffle 8 are cooled when the first-stage expansion space 21 becomes cold.
- a two-stage heat load flange 32 is provided inside the two-stage cylinder 6, inside the two-stage cylinder 6, inside the two-stage cylinder 6, a two-stage heat load flange 32 is provided on the outer wall of a two-stage expansion space 22 formed between the end wall of the two-stage cylinder 6 and the end wall of the two-stage displacer 12. It is The cryopanel 9 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the two-stage heat load flange 32, and when the two-stage expansion space 22 becomes low temperature, the cryopanel 9 is cooled.
- step (a) shown in FIG. 2 the discharge valve 19 is closed and the suction valve 18 is opened.
- the high temperature helium gas discharged from the compressor 3 is filled in the room temperature space 25 of the first stage cylinder 5.
- step (c) the suction valve 18 is closed and the discharge valve 19 is opened to release the high pressure helium gas in the expansion space 21, 22, thereby reducing the pressure in the expansion space 21, 22.
- the helium gas in the expansion spaces 21 and 22 is adiabatically expanded to a low temperature low pressure gas and the temperature of the expansion spaces 21 and 22 decreases, and the heat load flanges 31 and 32 pass through the shield 7, the baffle 8, and the The panel 9 is cooled.
- step (d) the displacers 11, 12 are moved to the expansion space 21, 22 side with the discharge notch 19 open.
- the low temperature helium gas remaining in the expansion spaces 21 and 22 moves through the regenerators 13 and 14 to the room temperature space 25 and the helium gas exchanges heat with the respective regenerators 15 and 16 and is discharged.
- the discharge valve 19 is closed, the suction valve 18 is opened, and the operation of the first process (a) is performed to complete one cycle.
- any of Sn, a Bi—Sn alloy, and an Ag—Sn alloy, which is a material not containing Pb, is used as the cold storage material 16 of the two-stage cold storage 14 disposed on the lower temperature side.
- Sn has a smaller specific heat than Pb in a low temperature range (30 K or less) using a cryopump.
- the regenerator material is It is possible to increase the heat capacity of the system and achieve the same refrigeration capacity as when using conventional Pb.
- Sn has a specific heat equivalent to that of some magnetic materials (HoCu).
- the heat storage material 16 may be configured to have a plurality of spherical particle forces in order to facilitate the flow of helium gas and to increase the surface area and heat exchange rate.
- Materials such as Sn, Bi-Sn alloy, and Ag-Sn alloy can be easily processed into hard and brittle balls like magnetic materials. If the diameter of each spherical particle is, for example, 1 mm or less, sufficient heat exchange with helium gas is possible. The diameter of each spherical particle should be set to a size that allows smooth helium gas flow, since if the spherical particles become too fine to become powdery they will impede the flow of the helium gas.
- Sn, Bi—Sn alloy, and Ag—Sn alloy have less influence on human body and environment than lead, are easy to handle, and are cheaper than magnetic materials (value of about 1Z18) Case). Furthermore, Sn, Bi-Sn alloy, and Ag-Sn alloy satisfy other conditions (thermal conductivity, chemical stability, strength, hardness) as a regenerator material.
- the drive method of the displacers 11 and 12 is not limited to the motor drive method, and may be a gas pressure drive method using a pressure difference of helium gas which is a refrigerant gas, or a combination method of motor and gas pressure drive. .
- regenerator for the Gifde 'McMahon refrigerator
- a reverse Stirling refrigerator a Nors tube refrigerator
- a solver refrigerator It can be used.
- a refrigerator is not limited to being used for a cryopump, but can be used for cooling a superconducting magnet, a cryogenic sensor, and the like.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/594,050 US7594406B2 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-24 | Regenerator and cryogenics pump |
JP2006531947A JP5127226B2 (ja) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-24 | 蓄冷器及びクライオポンプ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004245028 | 2004-08-25 | ||
JP2004-245028 | 2004-08-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006022297A1 true WO2006022297A1 (ja) | 2006-03-02 |
Family
ID=35967506
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/015348 WO2006022297A1 (ja) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-24 | 蓄冷器及びクライオポンプ |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7594406B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5127226B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100458310C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006022297A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101839582A (zh) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-22 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | 蓄冷器式冷冻机 |
JP2011522198A (ja) * | 2008-04-04 | 2011-07-28 | ブルックス オートメーション インコーポレイテッド | 錫−アンチモン合金を用いた極低温真空ポンプおよびその使用方法 |
JP2015083914A (ja) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-04-30 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 蓄冷式冷凍機、一段蓄冷器、及び二段蓄冷器 |
US10101061B2 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2018-10-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Cryogenic regenerator material, regenerative cryocooler, and system including regenerative cryocooler |
CN112229121A (zh) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-15 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种用于冷链的微晶保鲜装置及其保鲜方法 |
US11137216B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2021-10-05 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Regenerator material and regenerative refrigerator |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006242484A (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-14 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 蓄冷材、蓄冷器及び極低温蓄冷式冷凍機 |
CH703216A1 (de) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-11-30 | Hsr Ag | Vorrichtung zur Verhinderung des Memory-Effekts bei Kryopumpen. |
JP2017058079A (ja) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社東芝 | 極低温冷凍機用蓄冷材、極低温蓄冷器、蓄冷型極低温冷凍機及び蓄冷型極低温冷凍機を備えたシステム |
US10753653B2 (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2020-08-25 | Sumitomo (Shi) Cryogenic Of America, Inc. | Heat station for cooling a circulating cryogen |
CN108981217A (zh) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-11 | 中船重工鹏力(南京)超低温技术有限公司 | 蓄冷材料及采用该蓄冷材料的蓄冷式低温制冷机 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000199650A (ja) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-18 | Toshiba Corp | 蓄冷材および蓄冷式冷凍機 |
JP2004225920A (ja) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-08-12 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 蓄冷器 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2044330A (en) * | 1932-03-05 | 1936-06-16 | Richter Alfred | Air conditioner |
US2776562A (en) * | 1954-09-20 | 1957-01-08 | North American Aviation Inc | Constant temperature air supply |
US3397738A (en) * | 1965-08-19 | 1968-08-20 | Malaker Corp | Regenerator matrix systems for low temperature engines |
DE3330146A1 (de) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-03-22 | Balzers Hochvakuum Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur schnellen regeneration von autonomen kryopumpen |
US5186765A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1993-02-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Cold accumulating material and method of manufacturing the same |
JP3265821B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-27 | 2002-03-18 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 蓄冷器 |
JP3766507B2 (ja) | 1997-04-21 | 2006-04-12 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 冷凍機 |
EP0947785B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2003-04-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Cold-accumulating material and cold-accumulating refrigerator |
JP2004143341A (ja) | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Hirofumi Wada | 蓄冷材およびこれを用いた蓄冷式冷凍機 |
JP4240380B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-14 | 2009-03-18 | 日立金属株式会社 | 磁性材料の製造方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-08-24 WO PCT/JP2005/015348 patent/WO2006022297A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-08-24 CN CNB2005800056608A patent/CN100458310C/zh active Active
- 2005-08-24 JP JP2006531947A patent/JP5127226B2/ja active Active
- 2005-08-24 US US10/594,050 patent/US7594406B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000199650A (ja) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-18 | Toshiba Corp | 蓄冷材および蓄冷式冷凍機 |
JP2004225920A (ja) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-08-12 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 蓄冷器 |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011522198A (ja) * | 2008-04-04 | 2011-07-28 | ブルックス オートメーション インコーポレイテッド | 錫−アンチモン合金を用いた極低温真空ポンプおよびその使用方法 |
TWI490408B (zh) * | 2008-04-04 | 2015-07-01 | Brooks Automation Inc | 利用錫鎵合金的低溫泵 |
US9567988B2 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2017-02-14 | Brooks Automation, Inc. | Cryogenic pump employing tin—gallium alloys and methods of use |
CN101839582A (zh) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-22 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | 蓄冷器式冷冻机 |
US11137216B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2021-10-05 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Regenerator material and regenerative refrigerator |
JP2015083914A (ja) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-04-30 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 蓄冷式冷凍機、一段蓄冷器、及び二段蓄冷器 |
US10281175B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2019-05-07 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Regenerative refrigerator, first stage regenerator, and second stage regenerator |
US10101061B2 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2018-10-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Cryogenic regenerator material, regenerative cryocooler, and system including regenerative cryocooler |
CN112229121A (zh) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-15 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种用于冷链的微晶保鲜装置及其保鲜方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7594406B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 |
CN1930425A (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
JP5127226B2 (ja) | 2013-01-23 |
US20070227159A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
JPWO2006022297A1 (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
CN100458310C (zh) | 2009-02-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2006022297A1 (ja) | 蓄冷器及びクライオポンプ | |
EP2286087B1 (en) | Cryogenic pump employing tin-antimony alloys and methods of use | |
JP4104004B2 (ja) | 蓄冷型極低温冷凍機 | |
JPH07283022A (ja) | 超電導マグネット並びに該マグネット用の蓄冷型冷凍機 | |
JP3625511B2 (ja) | ガスサイクル冷凍機 | |
KR100785745B1 (ko) | 축냉기 및 크라이오 펌프 | |
JP3936117B2 (ja) | パルス管冷凍機および超電導磁石装置 | |
JPH03117855A (ja) | 蓄冷型極低温冷凍機 | |
JP2941575B2 (ja) | 極低温冷凍機およびその運転方法 | |
JP2007333285A (ja) | 蓄冷器式極低温装置 | |
TWI314951B (en) | Regenerator and cryopump | |
JP2845761B2 (ja) | 極低温冷凍機用蓄冷器 | |
JPH11257769A (ja) | 蓄冷式冷凍機 | |
JP2567196B2 (ja) | 極低温冷凍機の運転方法 | |
Hands | Cryopumping | |
JPH0452467A (ja) | 極低温冷凍機 | |
JPH0642459A (ja) | クライオポンプ | |
JP2549861Y2 (ja) | 極低温冷凍機用蓄冷器 | |
JPH0678857B2 (ja) | 極低温冷凍機 | |
JPH04236068A (ja) | 極低温冷凍機 | |
JPH0658257A (ja) | 真空クライオポンプ | |
JPH04222356A (ja) | 極低温冷凍機 | |
JPH0566476U (ja) | 極低温冷凍機 | |
GB2348694A (en) | Cryogenic coolers | |
JPH04313648A (ja) | 極低温冷凍機 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006531947 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200580005660.8 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020067016940 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10594050 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 2007227159 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020067016940 Country of ref document: KR |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10594050 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |