WO2006019155A1 - 遺伝子多型のタイピング方法 - Google Patents
遺伝子多型のタイピング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006019155A1 WO2006019155A1 PCT/JP2005/015131 JP2005015131W WO2006019155A1 WO 2006019155 A1 WO2006019155 A1 WO 2006019155A1 JP 2005015131 W JP2005015131 W JP 2005015131W WO 2006019155 A1 WO2006019155 A1 WO 2006019155A1
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- nucleic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
- C12Q1/6858—Allele-specific amplification
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for typing a gene polymorphism such as SNP (-base polymorphism). More specifically, the present invention provides a method capable of typing a gene polymorphism that is more accurate, quicker and more specific than conventional methods.
- Nucleotide sequences that carry genetic information are known to have many different sites among individuals! A state in which two or more alleles at a certain locus exist in the same population is called a polymorphism or mutation, and generally a polymorphism occurs when a certain base change occurs at a frequency of 1% or more, 1% The case of less than is called mutation.
- Such polymorphisms or mutations include SNP (—Nucleotide polymorphism: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with 1 to several tens of bases deleted or inserted, 2 to several tens of bases There are known differences in the number of repeats (VNTR or microsatellite polymorphism) with a repeat unit of 1 unit.
- SNPs are not only useful as polymorphic markers, but also useful tools for searching genes related to diseases, but they also have a great deal of potential for morbidity, responsiveness to drugs, and possible side effects on drugs. Can provide useful information. There is a need to discriminate SNP site bases, that is, to perform SNP typing more accurately, easily and quickly.
- SNP typing methods include TaqMan PCR method, Invader method, MalDI-TOF ZMS method, RCA method, DNA chip method and the like. Even with these methods, there are problems such as 1) time-consuming detection, 2) complicated detection process, 3) low accuracy, SNP typing of large-scale samples and on-site inspection of crops. It was difficult to put it to practical use in cases where quickness and simplicity were required.
- Non-patent literature 1 Tsugunon Notomi et.al. (2000): Loop-mediated isothermal amplificati on of DNA.Nucleic Acids Research, Vol.28, No.12: e63
- Non-Patent Document 2 Kentaro Ngamine and Tesu Hase, Tsugunori Notomi: Accelerated rea ction by loop-mediated isothermal amplification using loop primers.Molecular and Cellular Probes Vol.16, No.3, 223-229, 2002.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a typing method capable of easily, quickly and accurately typing genetic polymorphisms, particularly SNP sites, using a relatively small amount of genomic DNA. .
- the present inventors have developed a novel typing method for gene polymorphism. That is, the present invention relates to a method for typing a gene polymorphism, comprising: (1) preparing an open single-stranded nucleic acid comprising one or a plurality of single-stranded nucleic acids; and Since the nucleic acids have a sequence complementary to each other, they can take a stem-loop structure, and in the state having the stem-loop structure, the opened single-stranded nucleic acid has one or more loop portions.
- the open portion of the single-stranded nucleic acid is located at a site other than the stem portion of the stem-loop structure, and has a sequence complementary to the polymorphic site of the allele at the 5 ′ or 3 ′ end, In a region including the circular part, and complementary to the sequence including the polymorphic site, (2) the sample and the single open ring in the state where the open single-stranded nucleic acid has a stem-loop structure. Incubating the strand nucleic acid; (3) one of the stem loop structures A gene polymorphism typing method comprising the step of further incubating one or two or more primers complementary to a part of one or two or more loop portions with the sample after the incubation.
- the incubation step (3) in addition to the primer complementary to a part of the loop part, one kind or two having the same sequence as the part of the loop part of the stem loop structure. Incubate with more than one type of primer. As a result, the nucleic acid amplified with the single-stranded nucleic acid as a saddle type is further amplified as a saddle type, and the detection sensitivity of polymorphism typing is increased.
- complementation at the polymorphic site of an allele is performed.
- the specific sequence may be located either on the 5 ′ side or 3 ′ side of the open circular single-stranded nucleic acid, but is preferably located on the 3 ′ end.
- the present invention is an open circular single-stranded nucleic acid for typing a gene polymorphism, and has a stem-loop structure because it has complementary sequences to each other, and has a stem-loop structure.
- the open single-stranded nucleic acid has one or two or more loop portions, the open portion of the single-stranded nucleic acid is located at a site other than the stem portion of the stem-loop structure, and the allele of the allele
- a single open ring characterized by having a sequence complementary to the polymorphic site at the 5 ′ or 3 ′ end and complementary to the sequence containing the polymorphic site in the region including the ring opening.
- a strand nucleic acid is provided.
- the open circle single-stranded nucleic acid of the present invention can be used for typing of various types of polymorphisms, and can also be typed for SNP (-base polymorphism).
- the complementary sequence in the polymorphic site of the allele may be located on the 5 ′ side or the 3, side of the open single-stranded nucleic acid, It should be located at the 3 'end.
- the present invention provides the above open single-stranded nucleic acid, one or more primers complementary to a part of one or two or more loop portions of the stem-loop structure, DNA,
- the present invention relates to a kit for typing a gene polymorphism, which comprises a polymerase.
- the kit can further include one or more primers having the same sequence as part of the loop portion of the stem loop structure. This kit makes it easier, faster and more accurate to type gene polymorphisms.
- an open single-stranded nucleic acid can be closed to take a circular structure.
- One or two or more primers complementary to a part of the loop portion of the stem-loop structure of a single-stranded nucleic acid with a circular structure can be used to amplify a closed circular single-stranded nucleic acid in a bowl shape and rolling circle type amplification. This is done to synthesize single-stranded DNA. In this way, it is possible to type SNPs that differ in terms of the ability to perform genetic polymorphism typing.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid generated by amplification is used as a saddle-shaped target.
- a single-stranded nucleic acid containing the sequence is synthesized, so that amplification efficiency is increased and detection sensitivity is increased.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the conventional typing method and the present typing method.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the Tem-W amplification results of Examples.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the Tem-M amplification results of the examples.
- the open single-stranded nucleic acid is closed and rolling circle type nucleic acid amplification is performed. Done.
- the open circular single-stranded nucleic acid used in the present invention one satisfying the following conditions is used. (1) Since it has a sequence complementary to each other, it can take a stem-loop structure. (2) In the state having a stem-loop structure, the open single-stranded nucleic acid has one or more loop portions.
- the open-ended part of the single-stranded nucleic acid is located at a position other than the stem part of the stem-loop structure, and (4) a sequence complementary to the polymorphic site of the allele 5 ′ or 3 ′ It is complementary to the sequence containing the polymorphic site in the region (5) including the ring opening at the end.
- a single-molecule open circular single-stranded nucleic acid is composed of a single molecule or plural molecules of single-stranded nucleic acid.
- an open single-stranded nucleic acid composed of a single molecule of single-stranded nucleic acid has a reverse repeat sequence in the strand and has one open portion.
- An open single-stranded nucleic acid composed of two molecules of single-stranded nucleic acid has two open portions.
- an open single-stranded nucleic acid with two open portions with a sequence complementary to the wild-type allele at the 5 'or 3' end of one of the two open portions and complementary to the mutant allele
- An open single-stranded nucleic acid having a simple sequence at the 5 ′ or 3 ′ end of the remaining open portion can be used.
- An open single-stranded nucleic acid has a sequence complementary to the polymorphic site of a specific allele at the 5 'or 3' end. Have. Therefore, when a specific allele is contained in a sample, the allele anneals without causing a mismatch in the loop portion of the open circular single-stranded nucleic acid. Only when annealed without causing a mismatch, the 5'-end and 3'-end basic forces S-ligation of the ring-opening part form a closed single-stranded ring structure.
- Nucleic acid amplification does not occur in single-stranded nucleic acid in an open circle structure, but when a circular structure is formed by ligation, in the subsequent nucleic acid amplification step, extension occurs starting from the primer annealed to the loop part, A single-ring circular nucleic acid is used as a cage, and a single-ring circle nucleic acid amplification occurs. By examining the presence or absence of nucleic acid amplification, gene polymorphism is typed. The method of amplifying a ligated single-stranded circular nucleic acid with a stem-loop structure is called the SURCAS method (Super Rolling Circle Amplification System).
- the genetic polymorphism typing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, taking the case of detecting SNP as an example.
- the open circular single-stranded nucleic acid in FIG. 1 can take a structure called a dumbbell structure having one loop at each end of the double-stranded part.
- This open single-stranded nucleic acid has an open part in one of two loop parts, and has a base complementary to the SNP site at the 3 ′ end.
- This base at the 3 ′ end is a base complementary to the wild type allele and can be annealed without causing a nucleic acid force S mismatch to be typed at the loop portion.
- a ligation occurs between the 5′-end base and the 3′-end base of the single-stranded nucleic acid, and the nuclei are closed to form a single-stranded circular nucleic acid.
- the mixture is incubated with one or more primers having a sequence complementary to a part of the loop portion of the single-stranded nucleic acid.
- a single-stranded circular nucleic acid that has been closed by ligation has a force that causes a rolling circle amplification from a primer annealed to the loop portion.
- a rolling circle nucleic acid Amplification does not occur.
- a nucleic acid can be extracted from a biological sample such as blood, tissue, organ, cultured cell, or neuropsy sample, and typing can be performed.
- nucleic acids include genomic DNA, cDNA, and mitochondrial DNA.
- genomic DNA from which leukocyte power has also been extracted can be used.
- a sequence containing the target polymorphic site can be amplified in advance by PCR or the like before performing the typing method of the present invention.
- a part of the loop part of the stem-loop structure of the single-stranded nucleic acid Samples can be incubated with primers having the same sequence as As a result, nucleic acid amplification occurs when a specific allele is included in the sample. However, amplification of the amplified nucleic acid in a cage shape occurs, so that the detection sensitivity of polymorphic typing increases.
- Primers have the ability to use a primer having the same sequence as that of an arbitrary portion of a single-stranded nucleic acid.
- a primer having the same sequence as the loop portion of the stem loop structure is preferable.
- the number of bases of the primer is not particularly limited as long as it anneals to a single-stranded nucleic acid that is in a cage shape.
- One or more types of primers that anneal to a single-stranded nucleic acid can be used, and multiple types of primers that respectively anneal to multiple sites of a single-stranded nucleic acid can be used.
- the open-loop single-stranded nucleic acid is not limited to the dumbbell structure as shown in FIG. 1, but may have only one stem-loop structure or three or more stem-loop structures.
- the ring-opening portion is other than the stem portion, it may be the loop portion of the stem loop structure or other than the stem loop structure.
- a plurality of primers having the same sequence as a part of the loop portion may be used for each of the plurality of loops or for one or more of the plurality of loops. it can.
- the DNA polymerase used in the gene polymorphism typing method according to the present invention may have any of room temperature, medium temperature, and heat resistance, as long as it has strand displacement activity (strand displacement ability). Can also be suitably used.
- This DNA polymer The case may be a natural body or a mutant with artificial mutations. Furthermore, it is preferable that this DNA polymerase has substantially no 5 ⁇ 3 exonuclease activity.
- An example of such a DNA polymerase is ⁇ 29 phage DNA polymerase.
- Other examples include thermophilic Bacillus bacteria such as Bacillus stearothermophilus (hereinafter referred to as “B. stj”) and Bacillus caldotenax (hereinafter referred to as “B. ca”).
- Examples thereof include mutants lacking 5 ′ ⁇ 3 ′ exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase derived from DNA, E. coli) -derived DNA polymerase I talenau fragment, and the like.
- Examples include turbo DNA polymerase, KOD DNA polymerase, 9oNm DNA polymerase, and Therminater DNA polymerase. Trehalose or the like can be added to make it more heat resistant, or Glycerol can be added to make the enzyme more stable.
- RNA reverse transcriptase activity
- Bca (exo ) DNA polymerase If the reverse transcriptase activity is weak, these enzymes have reverse transcriptase activity. It is desirable to use a combination of M—MuL V Reverse Transcriptase.
- Any ligase can be used as the DNA ligase used in the present invention.
- Ampligase Thermostable DNA ligase or T4 DNA ligaze can be used.
- the reaction of the sample with an open-loop single-stranded nucleic acid the reaction of ligating the open-loop single-stranded nucleic acid when the target gene polymorphism is contained in the sample, and the temperature of a rolling-circular nucleic acid amplification reaction, Conditions such as time and buffer composition vary depending on the selected ligase, polymerase, the length of the nucleic acid sequence to be typed, etc., but can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- the ligation reaction can be carried out for 15 seconds at 94 ° C for 30 seconds and 37 ° C for 5 minutes, and for nucleic acid amplification at 25 to 35 ° C for 1.5 to 4 hours. Whether or not a specific allele is included!
- nucleic acid amplification can be determined by whether or not the nucleic acid amplification was performed using a single-stranded circular nucleic acid as a cage.
- the presence or absence of nucleic acid amplification is determined by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, The detection can be carried out by electrophoresis or fluorescence.
- the open-chain single-stranded structure is formed so that different single bases (SNP sites) to be detected are located in the loop portion that is formed when hybridizing between complementary sequences to form a dumbbell structure.
- Designed detection probe In this embodiment, a base complementary to the SNP site is located at the 3 ′ end of the open-ended single-stranded nucleic acid that is a detection probe.
- the 5 'end and 3' end of the detection probe are ligated and closed single-stranded to anneal the sample DNA in the detection probe loop without causing a mismatch.
- An annular structure can be taken. If the sample has a variant base, when the sample DNA anneals to the loop part of the detection probe, a mismatch occurs at the position of the 3 'terminal base of the detection probe. I can't. Therefore, only when the sample has a wild-type base, the detection probe has a circular structure, and amplification occurs with the detection probe as a saddle type.
- oligonucleotides to be detected having the following sequences Tem-W and Tem-M were synthesized by DNA synthesizer type 394 of ABI (Applied Biosystem Inc.).
- This oligonucleotide is an amino acid-modified oligonucleotide so that no extension reaction occurs at the 3 ′ end.
- the two oligonucleotides have different bases (shown in bold).
- a 0.3 M solution of each oligonucleotide was prepared as a sample solution.
- Loopl-W and Loopl-M are open single-stranded nucleic acids that serve as detection probes of the present invention.
- Bold sequences are sequences that are complementary to each other and form a stem loop within the strand.
- Loop 2-W and Loop 2-M were established.
- Loop2 to W : Loop2—Mi is a conventional probe that does not have mutually complementary base sequences in the chain, that is, does not form a stem loop part (comparative example).
- the shaded area is the area that hybridizes with the target sequence.
- the underlined sequence indicates the priming region of the amplification reaction primer described below.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram comparing the detection with the probe of the present invention and the detection with the conventional probe.
- Loop2-M 5- TTTATCCACGATCACGAGCCTAGCGtAGTAG3 ⁇ 4Tft3 ⁇ 4-3
- NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- Oligonucleotides having the following sequences were synthesized as amplification primers by the same method as in 2).
- PGAL1 5-TACCTCTATACTTTAACGTC-3
- An amplification reaction solution with the following composition was prepared, and 0.1 ⁇ 1 of the solution after the ligation reaction of 3) was added, and an amplification reaction was performed at 30 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the amplification reaction was detected by STRATAGENE, Mx3000P.
- FIG 3 shows the Tem-W amplification results
- Figure 4 shows the Tem-M results.
- Both Loopl type and Loop2 type are capable of detecting different single bases in the sample. Compared with Loop2, Loopl clearly has better amplification efficiency and shortens the detection time by 1 hour. I was able to.
- Loopl-W or Loopl-M is used, the amplification product forms a stem loop as shown in Fig. 11, and the primer is easy to anneal. Therefore, amplification efficiency is better than that of conventional primers. it is conceivable that. From these results, it was shown that the method of the present invention is effective in detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) because it can specifically amplify sequences having different single nucleotides.
- SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004-240793 | 2004-08-20 | ||
| JP2004240793A JP2006055081A (ja) | 2004-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | 遺伝子多型のタイピング方法 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2006019155A1 true WO2006019155A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2005/015131 Ceased WO2006019155A1 (ja) | 2004-08-20 | 2005-08-19 | 遺伝子多型のタイピング方法 |
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| WO (1) | WO2006019155A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007083766A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Olympus Corporation | 分子内プローブによる核酸配列の検出方法 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001071043A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Quantum Dot Corporation | Loop probe hybridization assay for polynucleotide analysis |
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2004
- 2004-08-20 JP JP2004240793A patent/JP2006055081A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2005
- 2005-08-19 WO PCT/JP2005/015131 patent/WO2006019155A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001071043A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Quantum Dot Corporation | Loop probe hybridization assay for polynucleotide analysis |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| ANTHONY R.M. ET AL: "Effect of secondary structure on single nucleotide polymorphism detection with a porous microarray matrix;implications for probe selection", BIOTECHNIQUES, vol. 34, no. 5, 2003, pages 1082-1084, 1086, 1088-1089, XP002993368 * |
| BORDONI R. ET AL: "Investigation of the multiple anchors approach in oligonucleotide microarray preparation using linear and stem-loop structured probes", NUCLEIC ACIDS RES., vol. 30, no. 8, 2002, pages E34, XP001179584 * |
| BROUDE N.E. ET AL: "DNA microarrays with stem-loop DNA probes: preparation and applications", NUCLEIC ACIDS RES., vol. 29, no. 19, 2001, pages E92, XP002993367 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007083766A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Olympus Corporation | 分子内プローブによる核酸配列の検出方法 |
| US8236498B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2012-08-07 | Olympus Corporation | Method of detecting nucleotide sequence with an intramolecular probe |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2006055081A (ja) | 2006-03-02 |
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