WO2006006519A1 - 潤滑剤用添加剤および潤滑剤組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑剤用添加剤および潤滑剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006006519A1 WO2006006519A1 PCT/JP2005/012654 JP2005012654W WO2006006519A1 WO 2006006519 A1 WO2006006519 A1 WO 2006006519A1 JP 2005012654 W JP2005012654 W JP 2005012654W WO 2006006519 A1 WO2006006519 A1 WO 2006006519A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/04—Specified molecular weight or molecular weight distribution
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/022—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group
- C10M2217/023—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group the amino group containing an ester bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/045—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for continuous variable transmission [CVT]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricant additive and a lubricant composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a lubricant additive containing an oil-soluble polymer having a specific metal atom, a lubricant additive composition, a lubricant composition and a grease composition containing the lubricant additive.
- Lubricant compositions such as lubricating oil compositions and grease compositions used in various machines and transportation equipment are often added with additives such as friction reducers.
- engine oil which is a lubricating oil composition for automobiles
- the viscosity of engine oil has been reduced as one measure for reducing fuel consumption, but in the lubrication part of automobile valve systems and bearings, etc. Due to the large amount of mixed lubrication and boundary lubrication, low engine oil viscosity is a cause of increased wear. Therefore, friction reducing agents are added for the purpose of reducing friction loss and preventing wear.
- Patent Document 1 proposes various molybdenum compounds
- Patent Document 2 proposes molybdenum dithiopower-nomate compounds. Has been.
- an additive called an extreme pressure agent is often added to the grease composition to reduce friction.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that powdery sulfur oxide is an effective molybdenum-based compound. Molybdenum dithio rubamic acid compositions have been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A 52-106824
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-8-176579
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-53983
- An object of the present invention is to provide a lubrication that is more effective in reducing friction than conventional molybdenum friction reducers. It is to provide a pharmaceutical additive.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an additive for a lubricant that is more soluble in base oil than conventional molybdenum friction reducers.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition or a grease composition that is excellent in friction reduction effect and solubility in base oil.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition that can achieve sufficient fuel economy.
- At least one metal atom (M) selected from the group consisting of nuclear power belonging to Groups 6-15 of the 4th to 7th periods of the Long Periodic Periodic Table is achieved by an additive for a lubricant containing an oil-soluble polymer (A) having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000 having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000 per molecule on an average of 0.1 to I found out.
- the present invention relates to an additive for a lubricant comprising an oil-soluble polymer (A) having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000 having an LOO number.
- the present invention also relates to a lubricant additive composition
- a lubricant additive composition comprising the above-mentioned lubricant additive, and other additives and Z or a diluent;
- Lubricating oil yarn and composition comprising the above-mentioned lubricant additive or the above-mentioned lubricant additive composition and a base oil, and based on the weight of the lubricating oil yarn and composition.
- a lubricating oil composition comprising 30% by weight of an oil-soluble polymer (A);
- a grease yarn composition comprising the lubricant additive or the lubricant additive composition, and a base grease comprising a base oil and a thickener;
- the additive for lubricants of the present invention contains at least one metal atom (M) selected from the group consisting of nuclear power belonging to Groups 6 to 15 in the 4th to 7th periods of the long period type periodic table per molecule. of On average, each of 0.1 to: LOO oil-soluble polymers (A) having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000 are contained.
- oil-soluble in an oil-soluble polymer refers to a property of being uniformly dissolved in a general liquid petroleum product. Specifically, “oil-soluble” refers to “0.1% relative to 100N solvent refined mineral oil”. “We can evenly dissolve weight% at 60 ° C” and “there is no precipitation when evaluated by visual observation for the presence of precipitation after standing at 25 ° C for 24 hours” To do.
- the “lubricant” in the lubricant additive of the present invention is a general term for substances used to lubricate the friction surface and improve the mechanical efficiency. Lubricating oil compositions, grease compositions, etc. Is included.
- the oil-soluble polymer (A) in the present invention contains at least one metal atom (A) selected from the group consisting of atoms belonging to Groups 6 to 15 of the 4th to 7th periods of the long periodic table in the molecule (A).
- M) has an average of 0.1 to L00 per molecule. From the viewpoint of oil solubility, the number is preferably 0.1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 20.
- the metal atom (M) is an atom belonging to Groups 6 to 15 of the 4th to 7th periods of the long-period periodic table. Specifically, molybdenum, zinc, copper, nickel, iron, cadmium, silver Lead, antimony, tin and bismuth.
- molybdenum and zinc are preferred from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing wear.
- (A) is preferably an oil-soluble polymer (A1) having at least one of molybdenum and zinc.
- an oil-soluble polymer having molybdenum and an oil-soluble polymer having molybdenum and zinc are more preferable.
- the ratio of the number of molybdenum to other (M) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of friction reduction effect, preferably 1Z 10 ⁇ : L0Zl, more preferably 1Z3 ⁇ : L0Z1.
- the average number of these atoms per molecule can be calculated from the number average molecular weight described later and the content of these atoms (measured by ICP emission spectroscopic analysis).
- atoms in the molecule are present in the main chain, side chain and Z or bridges and are preferred. From the viewpoint of ease of production, it is present in the side chain and z or the bridge.
- the number average molecular weight (hereinafter abbreviated as Mn) of the oil-soluble polymer (A) in the present invention is 500 to 1,000,000.
- Mn can be obtained from polystyrene standards by gel permeation chromatography.
- the thermal decomposition temperature of the oil-soluble polymer (A) is preferably 100 ° C to 400 ° C. More preferably, it is 120 ° C to 380 ° C, and particularly preferably 150 ° C to 360 ° C. Thermal decomposition temperature force S Within this range, it is advantageous in that it has an excellent wear reduction effect.
- the pyrolysis temperature can be measured by pyrolysis weight measurement.
- the oil-soluble polymer (A) in the present invention includes an oil-soluble ionic polymer (Ai) having a cation of (M) as a counter ion and an oil-soluble complex polymer having (M) as a complex metal atom. (Ac). Of these, (Ac) also favors the viewpoint of the friction reduction effect.
- Examples of (Ac) in the present invention include oil-soluble complex polymers represented by the following general formula (1).
- Q is a polymer residue obtained by removing a complex structure from an oil-soluble complex polymer
- X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- multiple Xs may be the same or different M 2 and M 3 are each a complex metal atom
- L is a ligand part of the complex structure, which is one or more of the following general formulas (2) to (4) represented by!
- the complex structure is present at the bridge between Q and Q'.
- the complex structure is present in the side chain of Q.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms when Q ′ is a dialkylamino group include linear or branched alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl and isotridecyl groups. Preferred are butyl, 2-ethylhexyl and isotridecyl groups, and particularly preferred are 2-ethylhexyl and isotridecyl groups, and the two alkyl groups may be the same or different.
- all Q's in the formula may be the same or different.
- p and q are each 0 to: L00, and the oil solubility viewpoint power is also preferably 0 to 50, more preferably 0 to 20. r is 0 to 50, and the oil-soluble viewpoint power is also preferably 0 to 40, and more preferably 0 to 25. At least one of p, q and r is not 0. When p and q are 0, r is 0.05 to 50. When r is 0 and either p or q is 0, the rest is 0.1 to 100. is there.
- M 1 ! ⁇ 3 is one or more metal atoms selected from the group consisting of nuclear energy belonging to Groups 6 to 15 of Periods 4 to 7 of the long-period periodic table, such as molybdenum, zinc, copper, Examples include nickel, iron, strength domum, silver, lead, antimony, tin and bismuth. From the viewpoint of wear reduction effect, preferred is molybdenum, zinc, and a combination of molybdenum and zinc, and more preferred is molybdenum and a combination of molybdenum and zinc.
- L represents a ligand portion of a complex structure, and is one or more kinds represented by any one of the following general formulas (2) to (4).
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
- X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- a plurality of X in the general formulas (1) to (4) may be the same or different, and the ratio of oxygen atom to sulfur atom (oxygen atom Z sulfur atom) in X in one molecule is favorable.
- IZio to iZo more preferably ⁇ to ⁇ .
- the ligand part represented by the general formula (2) is preferable from the viewpoint of friction reduction effect. .
- the method for producing (Ac) is not particularly limited.
- the reaction force can be obtained, and if necessary, hydroalkali alkali, dialkylamine, water and Z or a solvent may be present together.
- (A °) includes an active hydrogen atom-containing vinyl polymer (A ° l), an active hydrogen atom-containing ring-opening polymer (A 2), an active hydrogen atom-containing condensation polymer (A 3). ).
- a ° includes an active hydrogen atom-containing vinyl polymer (A ° l), an active hydrogen atom-containing ring-opening polymer (A 2), an active hydrogen atom-containing condensation polymer (A 3).
- ⁇ is (A l) and (A 2).
- Examples of the active hydrogen atom include an active hydrogen atom contained in a functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, an unsubstituted amide group, a carboxyl group, and a sulfonic acid group.
- a functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, an unsubstituted amide group, a carboxyl group, and a sulfonic acid group.
- (A ° l) can be obtained by using an active hydrogen atom-containing bull monomer (ml) as an essential monomer and, if necessary, copolymerizing with another vinyl monomer (m2) ( Co) polymer and active hydrogen
- a chain transfer agent (d) having two or more atoms a polymer obtained by homopolymerizing only (m2) or copolymerizing (m1) and (m2) can be mentioned.
- Examples of (ml) and (m2) include the following monomers.
- alkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate is an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a 2-butylene group, an isobutylene group, Styrene group, ⁇ -methylstyrene group, 1,1-diphenylethylene group, cyclohexylene group and pentamethylene group.
- the number of alkylene glycol units is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 20, and specific examples include ethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol (number of ethylene glycol units 9 to 18) mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol (Propylene glycol unit number 3) mono (meth) tarylate, etc., butyl alcohol (formed by hydrolysis of butyl acetate unit), alkeneol having 3 to 12 carbon atoms [aryl alcohol, methallyl alcohol, crotyl alcohol , Isocrotyl alcohol, 1-butene 3 ol, 2 butene 1 ol, 1 otetenol, 1-undecenol, etc.], C 4-12 alkene diol [2 butene 1, 4-diol etc.], hydroxyalkyl (carbon number 1 -6) Alkenyl (C3-C10) ether [2-hydroxyethyl propyl] Robe-Noleether,
- (ml212) Monovinyl monomer containing aromatic ring-containing primary or secondary amino group: Aminophenol, aminoalkyl (1 to 8 carbon atoms) and aminophenol alkyl (1 to 8 carbon atoms) (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylamide [N— (4 aminophenyl) (meth) acrylate N- (4-aminophenol) (meth) acrylamide and N- (4-aminophenylmethyl) (meth) acrylamide etc.], and monoalkyls (1 to 6 carbon atoms) or monophenyl substituents thereof [ N- (4-phenylamino) (meth) acrylamide, N- (4-methylamino file) (meth) acrylamide, and the like.
- Examples include diethanolamine di (meth) acrylate.
- Examples include (meth) acrylamide.
- Bull monomers containing one carboxyl group such as unsaturated monocarboxylic acids [(meth) acrylic acid, a methyl (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, cinnamic acid, etc.], monoalkyls of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids ( Carbon number 1-8) ester [maleic acid monoalkyl ester, fumaric acid monoalkyl ester, itaconic acid monoalkyl ester, etc.] etc .; vinyl monomer containing two or more carboxyl groups, such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, Itaconic acid, citraconic acid, aconitic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- (ml) and (ml22) are preferred, (ml21) is more preferred, and particularly preferred is an aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate, especially aminoethyl (meth) acrylate. It is.
- (ml) a derivative in which an active hydrogen atom is protected with a protecting group may be used, and the active hydrogen atom can be regenerated by removing the protecting group after polymerization.
- Examples of the protecting group for the active hydrogen atom include a ketimine group obtained by reacting various ketones (dimethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisoptyl ketone, etc.) with a primary amino group. By hydrolyzing the ketimine group after polymerization, the ketone is liberated and the primary amino group is regenerated.
- the reaction between the primary amino group and the ketone can be carried out by dehydration at 50 ° C to 150 ° C under reduced pressure to produce a ketimine group. At this time, the reaction is more likely to proceed in the presence of alkali.
- the ketimine group can be hydrolyzed at 50 ° C to 150 ° C by adding 1 to 50 equivalents of water and removing the resulting free ketone under reduced pressure.
- a protective group is preferably used from the viewpoint of copolymerization.
- alkyl group examples include linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 32 (preferably 1 to 24) carbon atoms. Specific examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth ) Butyl acrylate, 2-methylhexyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, Isodecyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, tetradecyl (meth) acrylate, hexadecyl (meth) acrylate, octadecyl (meth) acrylate, eicosyl (meth) acrylate , (Meth) acrylic acid 2-decyltetradecyl and (meth) acrylic acid tetracosyl.
- alkyl group examples include linear or branched alkenyl groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. Specific examples thereof include (meth) acrylic acid butyl, (meth) acrylic acid otatur, and (meth) alkyl. Examples include decenyl silylate, dodecenyl (meth) acrylate, and oleyl (meth) acrylate.
- alkylene group examples include the groups mentioned in the above (ml 1).
- alkyl group constituting the monoalkyl ether include linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include the aforementioned alkyl groups.
- the number of alkylene glycol units in the (poly) alkylene glycol is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 20.
- polyethylene glycol (6 units of ethylene glycol) monomethyl etherenomonometatalylate, ethyleneglycolenomono 2-ethinorehexenoreethenoremonometatalylate, polypropylene glycol (3 units of propylene glycol) And monobutyl ether monometatalate.
- N-monoalkyl (linear or branched having 1 to 30, preferably 4 to 30 and more preferably 8 to 30 carbon atoms) substituted (meth) acrylamide [eg N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N ethyl (meth) Acrylamide, N-butyl (meth) acrylamide, N-2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylamide, N-decyl (meth) acrylamide, N-dodecyl (meth) acrylamide, etc.], N, N dialkyl (C1-30, preferably 4-30, more preferably 8-30 linear or branched) substituted (meth) acrylamides [eg N, N dioctyl (meth) ) Acrylamide, N, N didodecyl (meth) acrylamide, etc.] and ethylenedi (meth) acrylamide.
- acrylamide eg N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N ethyl
- unsaturated monocarboxylic acids other than (meth) acrylic acid [crotonic acid, etc.]
- unsaturated dicarboxylic acids maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid And the like, and the like, and the like.
- Alkenes with 2 to 30 carbon atoms [ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutylene, 1-pentene, 1 heptene, 4-methylpentene 1, 1 monohexene, diisobutylene, 1-octene, 1-dodecene, 1-octadecene And other (such as X-olefin), alkadiene having 4 to 18 carbon atoms [preferably butadiene, isoprene, other 1,4 pentagen, 1,6 hexagen, 1,7-octagen, etc. having 4 to 5 carbon atoms], etc. Is mentioned.
- alkyl vinyl ethers having a straight chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms examples include alkyl (meth) aryl ethers, alkyl phenyl ethers and alkyl isopropyl ethers, preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. is there. Specific examples include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n -butyl vinyl ether, methyl aryl ether, ethyl aryl ether, n-butyl aryl ether, and the like. Of these, methyl beryl ether, ethyl beryl ether, methyl allyl ether and ethyl allyl ether are preferred.
- fatty acid examples include linear or branched fatty acids having 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 24, and more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be saturated or unsaturated! /. /.
- vinyl acetate, propionate, butyrate, butanoate, heptanoate, 2-ethylhexyl, n-octanoate, oleate, linoleate, linolenic Examples include acid bur. [0044] (m27) Burketones;
- alkyl or aryl reel ketones having 1 to 8 carbon atoms examples thereof include alkyl or aryl reel ketones having 1 to 8 carbon atoms [methyl vinyl ketone, ethyl butyl ketone, phenyl vinyl ketone, etc.].
- Cyclohexene (di) cyclopentagen, butylcyclohexene, ethylidenebicycloheptene, pinene, limonene, indene, cycloalkylcarboxylic acid butyl ester [cyclohexanoic acid butyl, cyclooctanoic acid butyl, decahydronaphthylic acid Butyl, etc.], cycloalkyl carboxylic acid propellate [bicyclopentylic acid propellate, etc.], (meth) acrylic acid cycloalkyl ester [(meth) acrylic acid cyclohexyl and (meth) acrylic acid deca Hydronaphthyl etc.], (meth) acrylic acid cycloalkyl alkyl ester [(meth) acrylic acid cyclohexylethyl etc.], cyclohexyl methyl (meth) acrylate, cycloheptyl (meth
- Styrene substituted styrene (substituents having 1 to 18 carbon atoms) [alkyl substituted styrene (preferably a-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, 2,4 dimethyl styrene, ethyl styrene, isopropyl styrene, butyl styrene, etc.), cycloalkyl substituted styrene (cyclo Hexyl styrene), aryl substituted styrene (phenol styrene, etc.), aralkyl substituted styrene (benzyl styrene, etc.), acyl substituted styrene (acetoxy styrene, etc.), phenoxy substituted styrene (phenoxy styrene, etc.)] And divinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon [preferably dibuten
- Nitryl group-containing monomers [(meth) acrylonitrile and cyanostyrene, etc.], nitro group-containing monomers [4-trostyrene, etc.] and nitrogen-containing vinyl monomers [salt vinyl, vinyl bromide, vinyl chloride -Ridene, (meth) aryl chloride, halogenated styrene (mono and dichloro styrene, tetrafluoro styrene, salt allyl, etc.)] and the like.
- (m2) preferred are (m21) and (m22), and more preferred of (m21) is a combination of two or more of (m211) and (m211).
- (Al) contains (m21) and Z or (m22), and (m21) + (m22) is the total unit amount. It is a vinyl polymer that is 60 to 99.9% by weight based on the weight of the body.
- the method for producing (A ° l) is a conventionally known radical polymerization method.
- a solution polymerization method for example, a solution polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a reverse phase suspension polymerization method, a thin film polymerization method, and the like. Examples thereof include a combination method and a spray polymerization method.
- the solution polymerization method is preferred, and it can be usually produced by radical polymerization in a solvent in the presence of an initiator.
- Examples of the solvent include a high boiling point solvent and an organic solvent.
- High boiling solvents include solvent refined oils, isoparaffin-containing and high-viscosity index oils by Z or hydrocracking, hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils (such as poly-alpha-refined synthetic lubricating oils), ester-based synthetic oils, Examples include naphthenic oil.
- organic solvents include hydrocarbon solvents (pentane, hexane, etc.), aromatic solvents (toluene, xylene, etc.), alcohol solvents (isopropyl alcohol, octanol, butanol, etc.), ketone solvents (methyl isobutyl).
- Ketones methyl ethyl ketone, etc.
- amide solvents ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ dimethylformamide, ⁇ -methylpyrrolidone, etc.
- sulfoxide solvents dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.
- the initiator is an initiator selected from the group consisting of azo initiators, peroxide initiators, and redox initiators.
- azo initiators 2, 2, monoazobis (2,4 dimethylvale-tolyl), 2,2, monoazobisisobuty-tolyl, 2, 2'-azobis (2-methylbutychi-tolyl), Azobisciano valeric acid and its salts (eg hydrochloride), 2, 2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) hard mouth chloride, 2, 2'-azobis (2-methyl ⁇ - (2-hydroxyethyl) propionamide Etc.
- peracid-based initiators include inorganic peracid compounds [eg, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, etc.], organic peracid compounds [ For example, peroxybenzoic acid , Di-t butyl peroxide, tamen hydroperoxide, succinic peroxide, di (2-ethoxyethyl) peroxydicarbonate, t-butyl peroxybirate, t-hexyl peroxypivalate, t Butyl peroxide neoheptanoate, t-butyl peroxy neodecanoate, t-butyl peroxy 2-ethyl hexanoate, t-butyl peroxy isobutyrate, tamyl peroxy 2-ethyl hexanoate 1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylbutylperoxy 2-ethylhexanoate, dibuty
- Redox initiators include alkali metal sulfites or bisulfites (eg, ammonium sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, etc.), salt ferrous iron, ferrous sulfate, Examples thereof include a combination of a reducing agent such as rubinic acid and an oxidizing agent such as alkali metal persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, and organic peroxide.
- alkali metal sulfites or bisulfites eg, ammonium sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, etc.
- salt ferrous iron ferrous sulfate
- ferrous sulfate examples thereof include a combination of a reducing agent such as rubinic acid and an oxidizing agent such as alkali metal persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, and organic peroxide.
- a chain transfer agent may be added to the polymerization.
- mercaptans n-lauryl mercaptan, mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, etc.
- thiocarboxylic acids thioglycolic acid, thiomalic acid, etc.
- secondary alcohols etc.
- isopropanol amines (such as diptylamin), hypophosphites (such as sodium hypophosphite), and the like.
- a chain transfer agent (d) having two or more active hydrogen atoms in one molecule is preferable.
- an active hydrogen atom is added to the polymer terminal.
- a polymer that does not use the above (m2) can be used as the active hydrogen atom-containing polymer (A).
- Examples of (d) include mercaptoethanol and mercaptopropanol.
- Examples of the polymerization control method include adiabatic polymerization, temperature-controlled polymerization, and the like.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 30 to 140 ° C, more preferably 50 to 130 ° C, and particularly preferably 70 to 120 ° C.
- a method of initiating polymerization by irradiating with radiation, electron beam, ultraviolet rays or the like can also be employed.
- a temperature-controlled solution polymerization method is used.
- copolymerization may be either random addition polymerization or alternating copolymerization, or may be a shift of graft copolymerization or block copolymerization.
- the active hydrogen atom-containing ring-opening polymer (A2) is: A ring-opening polymer (A 21) having an active hydrogen atom only at the polymer terminal, and a ring-opening polymer ( ⁇ 22) having an active hydrogen atom in the polymer main chain and ⁇ or side chain. Can be mentioned.
- Examples of ( ⁇ 21) include polyalkylene glycols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkylene group, such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, and terminal primary aminated products thereof.
- Examples of ( ⁇ 22) include polyethyleneimine, diethanolamine alkylene glycol adduct (number of alkylene glycol units 20 to 50), polyglycidol and the like.
- the active hydrogen atom-containing condensation polymer (A3) includes a polyester polymer having hydroxyl groups at both ends, a polyamide polymer having amino groups at both ends, a polyurethane polymer having amino groups at both ends, and hydroxyl groups at both ends. And polycarbonate-based polymers.
- the SP value (solubility parameter) of (A) is preferably 8.0 to 9.8. More preferably, it is 8.2 to 9.7, and particularly preferably 8.5 to 9.5. When the SP value is within this range, it is advantageous in terms of excellent oil solubility.
- the SP value in the present invention is a value calculated by the Fedors method [Polym. Eng. Sci. 14 (2) 152, (1974)].
- Metal compounds that can be used in the production of (Ac) include molybdenum compounds, zinc compounds, copper compounds, nickel compounds, iron compounds, cadmium compounds, silver compounds, lead compounds, antimony compounds, tin compounds and Examples thereof include bismuth compounds such as oxides, hydroxides, hydrates and halides of these metals.
- a molybdenum compound (M 3) and a zinc compound (Z °) are preferable from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing wear.
- Examples of the molybdenum compound (M) include compounds containing a hexavalent molybdenum atom.
- molybdenum trioxide and its hydrate ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0
- molybdic acid ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0
- molybdic acid and its salts tetrathiomolybd Budenic acid ammonium etc.
- Preferred are industrially available molybdenum trioxide and its hydrate, molybdic acid and its salt, and sulfurized molybdic acid and its salt, and more preferred is molybdenum trioxide and its hydrate. And molybdic acid.
- Examples of the zinc compound (Z) include zinc oxide and its hydrate (ZnO'nH 2 O),
- (Ac) is a compound in which M 1 and M 3 are molybdenum atoms, M 2 is a zinc atom, and an active hydrogen atom-containing polymer ( ⁇ ), disulfide It is particularly preferred that the reaction force of carbon, molybdenum compound ((°) and zinc or zinc compound ( ⁇ ) is produced.
- Examples of other components include hydrous alkalis, dialkylamines, water, and solvents. Coexistence of hydrous alkali can adjust the weight ratio of oxygen and sulfur of X in (Ac). In the presence of a dialkylamine, Q ′ in the general formula (1) can be converted to an alkylamino group. The reaction rate can be improved by coexisting water.
- Examples of the solvent include the solvent used in the above solution polymerization, and the coexistence of the solvent can improve the reaction rate by reducing the viscosity in the reaction step.
- the reaction conditions may be that all raw materials are charged all at once in the reaction vessel and then reacted at a predetermined reaction temperature, but raw materials other than the metal compound are charged in advance and the predetermined reaction temperature is reached. It is preferable to gradually add the metal compound after reaching.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 0 ° C to 150 ° C, more preferably 50 ° C to 140 ° C, and particularly preferably 70 ° C to 130 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 0.5 to 24 hours, more preferably 1 to 10 hours, and particularly preferably 1 to 5 hours.
- the product may be purified by filtration or extraction as necessary.
- (Ac) is a monomer (m3) having at least one functional group represented by any of the following general formulas (5) to (7) as an essential constituent monomer.
- the reaction power of the polymer ( ⁇ ') and the metal compound can also be obtained. Also good.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
- X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- a plurality of X may be the same or different.
- Examples of (m3) include the following.
- methacryloyloxetyl monoalkyl (carbon number 1 to 12) dithiophosphate ester and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples thereof include glycerin mono (meth) acrylic acid ester, glycerin monoalkylene (carbon number 2 to 20) glycol (meth) acrylic acid ester, and 2,3 dihydroxypropyl (meth) acrylic acid amide.
- ( ⁇ ') may be a copolymer of (m3) and another monomer, and other monomers (m2) and (ml 1) to (ml3) described above may be used. Monomers are preferred and preferred! / Are (m21), especially (m211). (M3) Z The weight ratio of other monomers is usually 0.1 to: L00Z99. 9 to 0, preferably Is 1-50Z99-50.
- the polymerization mode may be random copolymerization, block copolymerization, or graft copolymerization, and only other monomers may be used for graft polymerization.
- reaction temperature and reaction time are preferably the same as those in the production of (Ac) described above.
- (Ai) includes an oil-soluble polymer (Ail) in which (M) is present as a counter ion of an acidic polymer and an oxide of (M) as a counter ion in a basic polymer.
- An oil-soluble polymer (Ai2) can be mentioned.
- Examples of the acidic polymer constituting (Ail) include an acidic bur polymer and an acidic ring-opening polymer.
- Examples of the acidic bulle polymer include copolymers of an acidic vinyl monomer (m4) and other monomers.
- Examples of (m4) include the above-mentioned (ml4), (ml5) and (ml6), and sulfur-substituted products thereof (2-methacryloyloxyschitilidithio rubamic acid, dithiomethacrylic acid, etc.), etc. .
- the weight ratio of (m4) to other monomer [(m4) Z other monomer] is usually from 0.01 to 5 ⁇ .
- a ring-opening polymerization polymer having an acid group only at the polymer terminal for example, terminal carboxyl ester of polypropylene glycol, terminal phosphoric acid of polybutylene glycol, etc.
- (Ail) is produced by mixing the above acidic polymer and a metal salt of a lower carboxylic acid having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, etc.) This is achieved by removing the lower carboxylic acid under reduced pressure.
- the charge equivalent ratio of the acidic polymer to the metal salt is 1 to: L OZ 10 to 1 is preferred.
- Examples of the basic polymer constituting (Ai2) include a basic bulle polymer and a basic ring-opening polymerization polymer.
- Examples of the basic bulle polymer include copolymers of basic vinyl monomer (m5) and other monomers.
- Examples of (m5) include the aforementioned (ml2).
- the weight ratio of (m5) to other monomer [(m5) Z other monomer] is usually from 0.01 to 5 ⁇ .
- Examples of the basic ring-opening polymerization polymer include a ring-opening polymerization polymer having a basic group only at the polymer terminal (for example, a terminally aminated product of polypropylene glycol, a terminally aminated product of polybutylene alcohol), etc. Is mentioned.
- ( ⁇ 2) is achieved by mixing the above basic polymer with the oxide of ( ⁇ ) and the light metal or ammonium salt of ⁇ or ( ⁇ ) oxide. .
- the charge equivalent ratio of the acidic polymer to the acid salt of ( ⁇ ) is preferably 1 to: LOZlO to l.
- the additive for lubricant of the present invention can be used in the form obtained by producing (A) (the reaction product as it is), but if necessary, purification (for example, removal of solvent) , Removal of catalyst, etc.).
- the additive for lubricant of the present invention is excellent in oil solubility, when it is added to lubricant compositions such as various lubricating oil compositions or grease compositions, an excellent friction reducing effect is exhibited.
- the lubricant additive composition of the present invention contains the above-described lubricant additive and other additives and Z or a diluent.
- the other additive is not particularly limited as long as it is an additive that has been conventionally added to the lubricant composition.
- a viscosity index improver polymetatalylate, polyolefin, etc.
- pour point Depressant polymetatalate, ethylene vinyl acetate, etc.
- detergent Sulfonate-type, salicylate-type, phenate-type, naphthenate-type Ca, Mg salt, calcium carbonate
- a viscosity index improver polymetatalylate, polyolefin, etc.
- pour point Depressant polymetatalate, ethylene vinyl acetate, etc.
- detergent Sulfonate-type, salicylate-type, phenate-type, naphthenate-type Ca, Mg salt, calcium carbonate
- 0-20% Unless otherwise specified,% Represents 0.1% by weight
- dispersant succinimide type; bistype, monotype, borate type, Mannheim condensate type, etc.
- antioxidant zinc di
- friction and wear modifier (mori Dendithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiocarbamate, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, etc. 0 to 5%, preferably 0.1 to 3%, extreme pressure agent (sulfur phosphorus, sulfur, phosphorus, chlor, etc.) ) 0 to 20%, preferably 0.1 to 10%, and antifoaming agents (silicone oil, metal soap, fatty acid ester, phosphate ester, etc.) 2 to: L000ppm, preferably 10 to 700ppm, demulsifier ( Quaternary ammonia salt, sulfated oil, phosphate ester, etc.) 0 to 3%, preferably 0 to 1%, corrosion inhibitor (benzotriazole, 1, 3, 4-thiodiazoli) And 2,5 bisdialkyldithio rubamate) may be contained in an amount of 0 to 3%, preferably 0 to 2%.
- friction and wear modifier may be contained in an amount of 0 to 3%,
- the total weight of other additives based on the weight of the additive composition for lubricant is preferably 0 to 50%, more preferably 0 to 30%, and particularly preferably 0 to 15%.
- the additive composition for a lubricant is preferable in that it contains a diluent and is easily dissolved in a base oil.
- diluent the same base oil as described later and the same solvents as those mentioned in the manufacturing method (A) described above can be used, without removing the solvent used in the manufacturing process (A). You can leave it as it is.
- Preferred as diluents are Group III base oils or Group IV base oils described below.
- the concentration of (A) in the additive composition for lubricant is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 30 to 90%.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned lubricant additive or the above-mentioned lubricant additive.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention preferably contains 0.01 to 30%, more preferably 0.1 to 20% of the oil-soluble polymer (A) based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- additives including one or more selected from the group power of zinc dithiophosphate, ashless dispersant, metal detergent, antioxidant, viscosity index improver and pour point depressant power described above, I like it! /
- the base oil is not particularly limited as long as it is a base oil such as a mineral oil and a synthetic lubricating oil conventionally used as a base oil for lubricants.
- Mineral oil refers to oils that are separated, distilled, and refined from natural crude oil, and examples include norafine, naphthene, and paraffin naphthene mixed systems, and hydrotreated and solvent refined products of these.
- Synthetic lubricating oils are chemically synthesized lubricating oils such as polya-olefin, polyisobutylene (polybutene), diesters such as alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, polyol esters, phosphate esters, catenate esters, polyesters. Examples include alkylene glycol, polyether, polysilicone, fluorinated compounds, alkylbenzene, and the like.
- Base oils are classified into groups I to V as follows by the American Petroleum Institute.
- Group I base oils contain less than 90% saturated oil (ASTM D2007) and Z or sulfur content (ASTM D2622, D4294, D4927 also ⁇ or D3120) power 0.03 0/0 or more, the viscosity effect number force ⁇ 8 0 or more Less than 120.
- Group II base oils have 90% or more saturated oil (ASTM D2007), sulfur content of 0.03% or less, viscosity index of 80 or more and less than 120
- Group III base oils have 90% or more saturated oil (ASTM D2007), a sulfur content of 0.03% or less, and a viscosity index of 120 or more.
- Group IV base oil is polyalphaolefin (PAO).
- Group V base oils are not Group I to IV. Esters etc.
- the base oil used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention preferably has a cloud point (JIS K2269) of -5 ° C or lower, more preferably -15 ° C to -70 ° C.
- a cloud point JIS K2269
- JIS K2269 JIS K2269
- the kinematic viscosity of the base oil is preferably 1 to 10 mm 2 Zs at 100 ° C.
- the base oil used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably a Group III base oil or a Group IV base oil based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, preferably 0.1% or more, more preferably 10%. It is preferable to contain ⁇ 100%, especially 50-100%.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can also exhibit effects such as a dispersion effect, an antioxidant effect, a viscosity index improving effect, a pour point depressing effect, and the like.
- engine oil gasoline, diesel, etc.
- transmission oil gear oil (industrial, automotive), automatic transmission oil (automatic transmission oil, toroidal CVT oil, belt CVT oil)
- power steering oil It can be used for a wide range of shock absorber oils, traction oils, greases and the like. It is preferably used for engine oil, gear oil, and dolly, and is excellent in fuel efficiency and effective in comfort.
- the grease composition of the present invention comprises a base grease comprising a base oil and a thickener, and the above-mentioned lubricant additive or lubricant additive composition.
- the base oil As the base oil, the same base oil as described above and the same solvents as those mentioned in the above-mentioned production method of (A1) or (A2) can be used, and (A1) or ( The solvent used in the production process of A2) may be left as it is without being removed.
- Preferred as the base oil is the aforementioned group III base oil or group IV base oil.
- Examples of the thickener include fatty acid metal salts having 2 to 32 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the fatty acid having 2 to 32 carbon atoms constituting the fatty acid metal salt include higher fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, and 12 hydroxystearic acid, and examples of the metal salt include alkalis such as sodium, potassium, and lithium.
- Metal salts, and salts of alkaline earth metals such as sodium, calcium and magnesium.
- the weight ratio of base oil, thickener and lubricant additive in the grease composition is preferably 0. l to 90ZO. L to 90ZO. 1 to 50. It is. The invention's effect
- the additive for lubricant of the present invention is excellent in solubility in a base oil, and a lubricating oil composition containing the additive is excellent.
- the grease composition has an excellent friction reducing effect, and when used in a lubricating oil composition for automobiles, excellent fuel economy can be achieved.
- Measurement temperature 0 to 600 ° C, 10 ° C / min
- Methacrylic acid ester random copolymer is converted to 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
- Methacrylic acid ester random copolymer is converted to 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
- Methacrylic acid ester-based random copolymer is converted into 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
- the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain 200 parts of the polymer (4), and the polymer (4) was used as the lubricant additive (E4) of the present invention.
- Example 2 Except for 25 parts of molybdenum triacid molybdenum 17 parts of molybdenum triacid molybdenum and 10 parts of acid zinc In the same manner as in Example 1, 200 parts of the polymer (5) was obtained, and the polymer (5) was used as the lubricant additive (E5) of the present invention.
- Example 2 Except for 25 parts of molybdenum triacid molybdenum 17 parts and 5 parts of acid zinc zinc, the same procedure as in Example 2 was performed to obtain 200 parts of the polymer (6).
- Base oil III 100N Gnolepe III base oil ["YUBASE4" (manufactured by SK Corp.)]
- the additive for lubricant of the present invention is excellent in solubility in base oil, and can be used as a friction reducing agent for lubricants such as lubricating oil compositions and grease compositions.
- the lubricant additive of the present invention can be used as a dispersant, an antioxidant, a viscosity index improver, a pour point depressant and the like for a lubricating oil composition.
- the lubricant added with the lubricant additive of the present invention includes engine oil (for gasoline, diesel, etc.), transmission oil [gear oil (for industrial and automobile use), automatic transmission oil (automatic Transmission oil, toroidal CVT oil, belt CVT oil)], power steering oil, shock absorber oil, traction oil, grease, etc., especially for engine oil and gear oil In addition to excellent fuel economy, it is also effective in comfort.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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Cited By (4)
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WO2007133995A3 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2008-03-20 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricating composition containing a polymer and antiwear agents |
EP1930399A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-11 | Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Petrobras | Magnetized intermetallic compound and a lubricating oil containing said compound |
JP2014152334A (ja) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-25 | Infineum Internatl Ltd | 船舶用エンジンの潤滑 |
CN109536254A (zh) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-29 | 苏州金钼润成润滑科技有限公司 | 金钢烷氮钼润滑剂及其制备方法 |
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JP2014152334A (ja) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-25 | Infineum Internatl Ltd | 船舶用エンジンの潤滑 |
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