WO2006006224A1 - 電力消費量のピークを最大発電電力以下に抑える燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法および建造物 - Google Patents
電力消費量のピークを最大発電電力以下に抑える燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法および建造物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006006224A1 WO2006006224A1 PCT/JP2004/009857 JP2004009857W WO2006006224A1 WO 2006006224 A1 WO2006006224 A1 WO 2006006224A1 JP 2004009857 W JP2004009857 W JP 2004009857W WO 2006006224 A1 WO2006006224 A1 WO 2006006224A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power
- fuel cell
- control unit
- load
- power consumption
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04947—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04611—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- Fuel cell system Fuel cell system, fuel cell system control method, and building that suppresses peak power consumption to less than maximum generated power
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system control method, and a building that can appropriately prevent the peak of power consumption from exceeding the maximum power generation amount by a fuel cell.
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system control method, and a building that reduce power consumption when a load control unit receives an instruction to reduce power consumption from the fuel cell control unit.
- a load device that operates using electric power supplied from an electric power system may fluctuate power consumption in a time of about 10 milliseconds.
- a time of about 10 milliseconds In order to fluctuate the amount of power generated by the fuel cell, generally several hundred milliseconds are required.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2003-199254 A
- a fuel cell consumes power consumed by a load device before the load device consumes power.
- the power could not be generated in advance.
- the load equipment may stop operating or may malfunction.
- it is not preferable to generate sufficient power with respect to the demand power in advance by the fuel cell because it is wasteful.
- the load device may stop operating or may malfunction.
- the fuel cell system increases the power consumption of the fuel cell, the power load operated by the power generated by the fuel cell, and the power consumption of the power load.
- the power control unit transmits power request information in advance, and when the request information is received from the request control unit, the fuel cell can supply more power to the power load.
- the power consumption of the power load on condition that the permission notification indicating that the power consumption may be increased is received from the fuel cell control unit and the fuel cell control unit that transmit the permission notification indicating that the power consumption may be increased.
- the fuel cell control unit is equipped with a load control unit that increases power consumption when the power consumption of the power load needs to be reduced in order to keep the total power consumption smaller than the maximum power generation amount of the fuel cell. It performs an instruction to reduce the power consumption to the load control unit. When the load control unit receives an instruction to reduce power consumption from the fuel cell control unit, the load control unit reduces power consumption.
- the request control unit transmits power request information in advance when it is necessary to increase the power consumption of the power load, the power generation amount of the fuel cell should be increased in advance before the power consumption is increased. Can do.
- the load control unit increases the power consumption of the power load on the condition that the fuel cell control unit has received a permission notice indicating that the power consumption can be increased. Become.
- the load controller reduces power consumption. When an instruction to turn off is received from the fuel cell control unit, power consumption is reduced, so it is possible to appropriately prevent the peak of the total value of power consumption from exceeding the maximum power generation by the fuel cell. .
- the load control unit reduces the power consumption by the amount of requested power.
- the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment further includes an operation mode table indicating the power consumption of the power load according to the operation mode of the power load, and the load control unit makes a transition to reduce the power consumption by the required power.
- the necessary operation mode is determined by referring to the operation mode table, and the operation mode is changed. For this reason, even when power is insufficient, power consumption can be reduced without stopping completely.
- a plurality of fuel cells are provided.
- the fuel cell control unit When the power consumption of the power load increases faster than the predetermined speed, the fuel cell control unit once instructs the load control units of other power loads to reduce the power consumption, and then Permitted to increase power consumption again for some power loads. For this reason, even when the power consumption of the entire fuel cell system suddenly increases, the power consumption can be reduced in a short time.
- the fuel cell control unit stores the priorities of each of the plurality of power loads in advance, and when the request information is received from the request control unit of the power load having a high priority, the priority is lower. Instructs the load control unit of the power load to reduce power consumption.
- the fuel cell control unit receives each power load based on the required power increase amount and period information received from each request control unit and the time when each power load starts to increase power consumption.
- the power consumption of one of the lower priority orders is consumed. Determine whether it is possible to supply power according to new request information by reducing power.
- the request control unit transmits period information indicating a period for requesting power to the fuel cell control unit.
- the request control unit transmits period information indicating a period for requesting power to the fuel cell control unit, the fuel cell control unit knows in advance the time when the power consumption of the power load decreases. Can do. For this reason, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not the power generation amount of the fuel cell should be increased or decreased.
- the request control unit determines the amount of power consumption that needs to be increased compared to the current power consumption when attempting to change the operation mode with reference to the operation mode table, and needs to be increased. The amount is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit. For this reason, the amount of power generated by the fuel cell can be increased in advance by the amount of power consumed by the power load.
- the load control unit determines, using the operation mode table, an operation mode in which the transition can be made within the allowable power consumption range, and transitions to the operation mode. Therefore, the most preferable operation mode can be selected within the allowable power range.
- a fuel cell system control method includes a request control step of transmitting power request information in advance when it is necessary to increase the power consumption of a power load operated by the power generated by the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell transmits a permission notice indicating that the power consumption may be increased on condition that the fuel cell can further supply power to the power load.
- the load control step comprises: a control step; and a load control step for increasing the power consumption of the power load on the condition that the permission notification that the power consumption may be increased is received from the fuel cell control unit.
- a building includes a fuel cell, a power load that operates on the power generated by the fuel cell, and a power request information in advance when the power consumption of the power load needs to be increased.
- a request control unit that sends a request, and a permission that indicates that the power consumption may be increased on condition that the fuel cell can further supply power to the power load when request information is received from the request control unit
- a fuel cell control unit that transmits the notification and a load control unit that increases the power consumption of the power load on the condition that a permission notification indicating that the power consumption may be increased is received from the fuel cell control unit.
- the control unit reduces the power consumption when receiving an instruction to reduce the power consumption from the fuel cell control unit.
- the building according to the present embodiment further includes an operation mode table indicating the power consumption of the power load according to the operation mode of the power load, so that the load control unit reduces the power consumption by the required power.
- the operation mode that needs to be changed is determined by referring to the operation mode table, and the operation mode is changed.
- the building in this form is An operation mode table indicating the power consumption of the power load according to the operation mode of the power load is further provided, and the load control unit determines the operation mode that needs to be changed to reduce the power consumption by the required power. Judge by referring to the table and make a transition to the operation mode.
- the request control unit when the request control unit needs to increase the power consumption of the power load, transmits the power request information in advance, so that the power generation amount of the fuel cell is increased in advance before the power consumption is increased. Can be increased.
- the load control unit increases the power consumption of the power load on the condition that the fuel cell control unit has received a permission notice indicating that the power consumption can be increased. .
- the load control unit receives an instruction to reduce power consumption from the fuel cell control unit, the power consumption is reduced, so that the peak value of the total power consumption exceeds the maximum power generation by the fuel cell. Can be prevented appropriately.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a fuel cell system 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a heating device 48a.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power load 44a.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between generated power and power generation efficiency in a plurality of fuel cells 40.
- FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing a communication sequence in which the power load 44 requests power.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing details of the operation of the fuel cell control unit 50 when power request information is received.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a management table managed by the fuel cell control unit 50.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of time development of generated power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- FIG. 10 shows details of the operation of the fuel cell control unit 50 when a reduction in power consumption is requested. It is a flowchart.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the time evolution of the generated power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power path.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a computer 500 included in each of the fuel cell control unit 50, the request control unit 66, and the load control unit 58.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- An object of the present embodiment is to provide a fuel cell system that can appropriately prevent the peak of power consumption from exceeding the maximum power generation amount by the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell system 30 is collectively referred to as a plurality of residences (110a to 110c, hereinafter 110), for example.
- the apartment house may be one in which a plurality of houses 110 are provided in one building and each of a plurality of buildings provided in different areas is used as the house 110.
- Residence 110b and residence 110c have the same components as residence 110a. By identifying the constituents of the dwelling 110b and dwelling 110c with the symbols b and c at the end, the dwelling 110 is identified. That is, the fuel cell system 30 includes a plurality of fuel cells (40a-40c, hereinafter collectively referred to as 40), a plurality of electric power.
- the fuel cell system 30 includes a plurality of fuel cells (40a-40c, hereinafter collectively referred to as 40), a plurality of electric power.
- the fuel cell 40a is provided in the residence 110a and supplies power to the heating device 48a. Further, the fuel cell 40a is provided so as to be able to supply power to any power load 44. Therefore, when the fuel cell 40a generates power consumed by one power load 44, the fuel cell 40a also supplies power to the other plurality of power loads 44 even when the fuel cell 40a is in partial load operation. By generating power from 40a, it is possible to drive the fuel cell 40a with higher operating efficiency.
- the fuel cell 40a is, for example, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC).
- PEFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell
- the fuel cell 40a for example, reforms city gas, propane gas, etc. supplied to each residence to generate hydrogen gas as fuel, and also uses hydrogen gas supplied from the outside as fuel It can be a thing.
- the fuel cell 40a includes a battery.
- the fuel cell 40a can be used as a power source for causing the fuel cell system 30 to function in an emergency, and can also be used as a power source for starting up the fuel cell system 30. May be.
- the main hot water storage tank 42a stores hot water heated by heat generated in the fuel cell 40a and hot water heated by the heating device 48a.
- the main hot water tank 42a supplies heat to the heat load 54a.
- the sub hot water tank 52 stores hot water heated by the heating device 48d, Hot water is supplied to a hot water facility different from the hot water facility in which the hot water tank 42a supplies hot water.
- the home determination unit 62a may include an infrared sensor and determine whether or not the user is at home by detecting infrared energy emitted from the human body.
- the infrared sensor may be a pyroelectric infrared sensor, for example.
- the hot water supply history management unit 60a manages the consumption of hot water and the history of the amount of hot water produced by the fuel cell 40a.
- the hot water supply history management unit 60a detects the amount of hot water supplied from the main hot water tank 42a as the consumption amount of hot water. Further, the hot water supply history management unit 60a detects the amount of hot water supplied to the main hot water tank 42a as the amount of hot water produced by the fuel cell 40a and the heating device 48a.
- the day is divided into hourly time zones, and the consumption of hot water and the history of the amount of hot water produced in each time zone are managed.
- the hot water supply history management unit 60a may manage the amount and temperature of hot water as the consumption of hot water and the production of hot water by the fuel cell 40a and the heating device 48a. That is, the hot water consumption is detected by multiplying the hot water temperature of the main hot water tank 42a by the supply water temperature and the volume of the hot water supplied from the main hot water tank 42a.
- the temperature of the hot water supplied from the fuel cell 40a to the main hot water tank 42a is subtracted from the temperature before the fuel cell 40a is cooled by the cooling water supplied to the fuel cell 40a.
- the product of the volume of hot water supplied to the main hot water tank 42a may be detected as the amount of hot water produced by the fuel cell 40a.
- the temperature of the hot water supplied from the heating device 48a to the main hot water tank 42a is subtracted from the temperature of the hot water supplied to the heating device 48a before being heated.
- the product of the volume of hot water supplied to can be detected as the amount of hot water produced by the heating device 48a.
- the hot water supply history management unit 60a uses hot water consumption and production when it is determined that the home determination unit 62a is home, and hot water consumption when it is determined that it is not home. And the production volume history are managed respectively.
- the power load 44a is operated by the power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- the power load 44a requests power from the fuel cell control unit 50 in advance before consuming power.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 increases the generated power of the fuel cell 40 in advance when power is requested from the power load 44a.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the heating device 48a.
- the heating device 48a warms water using surplus power generated by the fuel cell 4 Oa.
- the heating device 48a is a heat pump 46a that heats water by transferring external heat to water. Since the heat pump 46a warms the water by transferring the external heat quantity to the water, it can supply a large amount of heat with a small amount of electric power.
- the ratio of heat demand to electric power demand is larger than the ratio of the amount of heat produced by the fuel cell 40a to the power generated by the fuel cell 40a, the heat pump 46a is driven by using surplus power to efficiently generate heat. Can supply. For this reason, it is possible to appropriately balance the demand for electricity and the demand for heat.
- the heating device 48b of the residence 110b and the heating device 48c of the residence 110c have the same components as the heating device 48a. That is, the heating device 48b and the heating device 48c have a heat pump 46b and a heat pump 46c, respectively. In addition, the operation of the heat pump 46b and the heat pump 46c is the same as that of the heat pump 46a, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the power load 44a.
- the power load 44a includes a load unit 64a, an operation mode table 56a, a load control unit 58a, and a request control unit 66a.
- the power load 44b of the residence 110b and the power load 44c of the residence 110c have the same components as the power load 44a.
- the operation of each component of the power load 44a will be described below.
- the load unit 64a consumes power supplied from the fuel cell 40.
- the operation mode table 56a indicates the power consumption of the power load 44a according to the operation mode of the power load 44a.
- the operation mode table 56a stores the power consumption information in association with the operation mode information. For example, when the power load 44a is a cooling device and has operation modes of rapid cooling and normal cooling, the power consumption required to operate in each operation mode corresponding to each operation mode of rapid cooling and normal cooling Is stored in the operation mode table 56a.
- the request control unit 66a transmits power request information to the fuel cell control unit 50 in advance when it is necessary to increase the power consumption of the power load 44a. At this time, the power consumption that needs to be increased is determined with reference to the operation mode table 56a, and the required increase amount is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50 as power request information. Further, the request control unit 66a transmits period information indicating a period for requesting power and time limit information indicating a time limit for starting power consumption to the fuel cell control unit 50 as power request information. At this time, the request control unit 66a may determine the period information and the time limit information based on an instruction or the like by a user who uses the power load 44a.
- the request control unit 66a determines the power consumption to be increased, the time limit for starting power consumption, and the period for power consumption based on the target temperature, the target time, and the current temperature instructed by the user. Each is calculated and transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50 as power consumption, time limit information, and period information of the power request information.
- the load control unit 58a When the load control unit 58a receives the permission notification from the fuel cell control unit 50, the load control unit 58a increases the power consumption of the power load 44a within the allowable range. At this time, the load control unit 58a uses the operation mode tape 56a to determine an operation mode that can be changed within the allowable power consumption range, and controls the load unit 64a to enter the operation mode. Transition.
- the load control unit 58a, the request control unit 66a, and the fuel cell control unit 50 are connected by a communication network such as an Ethernet (registered trademark).
- a data communication signal between the load control unit 58a, the request control unit 66a, and the fuel cell control unit 50 may be It may be modulated to a high frequency sufficiently higher than the frequency of the source and superimposed on the power supply line.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 when the fuel cell control unit 50 receives the request control unit 66 force request information, if the power can be supplied, the allowable power consumption can be increased. The increase amount is notified to the load control unit 58 as a permission notification. Further, the fuel cell control unit 50 transmits a permission notice to the load control unit 58 when the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 40 can be made higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the generated power and the power generation efficiency in the plurality of fuel cells 40.
- the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 40 depends on the power generated by the fuel cell 40. For this reason, even in a system in which a plurality of fuel cells 40 are connected, the overall power generation efficiency depends on the generated power as shown in FIG. In a system in which a plurality of fuel cells 40 are connected, when the reference efficiency that is the lower limit of the overall power generation efficiency is determined, the range of the total amount of power that the fuel cell 40 should generate is determined.
- the total power generated by the fuel cell 40 is between the first lower limit power (P1) and the first upper limit power (P2), between the second lower limit power (P3) and the second upper limit power (P4), Or, if the difference is between the third lower limit power (P5) and the third upper limit power (P6), the power generation efficiency is equal to or higher than the reference efficiency.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 controls the power generation amount of the plurality of fuel cells 40 so that the total power generated by the plurality of fuel cells 40 falls within a predetermined power range.
- the overall power generation efficiency can be made to be equal to or higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 is the case where the required power is below the maximum generated power that can be generated by the fuel cell 40, and the power generated by the fuel cell 40 when the required power is generated.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 transmits a permission notice to the load control unit 58 when the total amount is within a range of power that is equal to or higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency.
- FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing a communication sequence in which the power load 44 requests power.
- the request control unit 66b transmits the power request information to the fuel cell control unit 50 when it is necessary to increase the power consumption of the power load 44b (S200).
- the fuel cell control unit 50 makes a request determination based on the power request information from the request control unit 66b (S202). If it is determined in S202 that the output of the fuel cell 40b needs to be increased, the output of the fuel cell 40b is increased (S204). When the output of the fuel cell 40b increases and the preparation for supplying the requested power is completed (S206), a permission notification indicating that the power consumption may be increased is transmitted to the load control unit 58b (S208). When the load control unit 58b receives the permission notification, the load control unit 58b controls the load unit 64b to consume the power amount within the permitted range, so that the power load 44a starts power consumption (S209).
- the request control unit 66a transmits the power request information to the fuel cell control unit 50 (S210).
- the fuel cell control unit 50 makes a request determination based on the power request information from the request control unit 66a (S212). If it is determined in S212 that the fuel cell 40a needs to be activated, the fuel cell 40a is activated (S214). When the fuel cell 40a is activated and ready to supply the requested power (S216), a permission notice indicating that the power consumption may be increased is transmitted to the load control unit 58a (S218).
- the load control unit 58a receives the permission notification, the load control unit 58a controls the load unit 64a to consume the power amount within the allowable range, so that the power load 44a starts power consumption (S219).
- the fuel cell control unit 50 determines whether the power load 44 can be tolerated even if the power is less than the requested power. For example, the request control unit 66 transmits information indicating whether or not the power load 44 can operate with lower power than the requested power to the fuel cell control unit 50 together with the requested power as power request information. Further, the request control unit 66 may refer to the operation mode table 56 and transmit the lower limit power at which the power load 44 can operate to the fuel cell control unit 50 as power request information together with the requested power. . Accordingly, the fuel cell control unit 50 determines whether or not the power load 44 can be tolerated even if the power is less than the requested power.
- S240 if the power load 44 cannot tolerate less power than the requested power, the processing of S236 is performed.
- a permission notification indicating a conditional determination result, or a conditional permission notification. Is transmitted to the load control unit 58, and the process is terminated.
- the permission notice indicating the conditional judgment result transmitted in S238 may include information indicating the time when the fuel cell 40 can supply power and the amount of power.
- a permission notice indicating a conditional judgment result can start the supply of power when the fuel cell 40 supplies the requested power while generating with generated power that is higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency. It may also include the amount of power that can be supplied at the present time or before the deadline.
- conditional permission notice transmitted in S238 may include information indicating the amount of power when the fuel cell 40 can supply power.
- the conditional permission notice when the fuel cell 40 is started in S236 includes the time when the requested power can be supplied, and also includes the amount of power that can be supplied at the present time or before the deadline. It may be a thing.
- the permission notification indicating the determination result may include information indicating the time when the fuel cell 40 can supply power and the amount of power.
- the permission notice indicating the conditional determination result indicates that the time when the fuel cell 40 can start supplying power when supplying the requested power while generating power with the generated power that is higher than the predetermined power generation efficiency.
- the fuel cell 40 may include an amount of power that can be supplied by the present time or before the deadline while generating power with generated power that is higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency.
- the conditional permission notice transmitted in S242 may include information indicating the amount of power that can be supplied by the fuel cell 40.
- the conditional permission notice may include the amount of power that can be supplied by the fuel cell 40 with a power generation power that is higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency and can be supplied by the present time or by the deadline.
- the load control unit 58 When the load control unit 58 receives a permission notification indicating a conditional determination result or a conditional permission notification from the fuel cell control unit 50, the load control unit 58 is permitted to be notified by the permission notification.
- the operation mode that can be changed within the power range may be judged from the operation mode table 56 and may be changed to the operation mode. Further, the load control unit 58 may control the load unit 64 to start power consumption at a designated time based on the time when the power can be received, which is notified by the permission notification.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a management table managed by the fuel cell control unit 50.
- state information state information, time information, time limit information, period information, and power information related to the power load 44 are stored in association with the power load 44.
- state information either the request or consumption state indicating the power consumption state of the power load 44 is stored.
- the time information stores the time when power supply to the power load 44 is started or the time when power is requested from the power load 44.
- a time limit for starting power consumption when power is requested from the power load 44 is stored.
- the period information stores the period during which the power load 44 consumes power.
- the power information stores the power consumed by the power load 44.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the time evolution of the generated power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- the horizontal axis shows the time, and the vertical axis shows the total power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- the demand control unit 66 of the power load 44 increases the power consumption when it is necessary to increase the power consumption.
- Request information indicating that power is consumed is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50 at a time (tO) earlier than the time.
- the request control unit 66 of the power load 44 uses the time limit for starting power consumption (time tl), the period during which power is consumed (a period obtained by subtracting the time t2 and time tl), and the power to be increased as fuel information as request information. It is transmitted to the battery control unit 50.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 is designated for the designated period (time 2 minus the time tl) by the designated time limit (time tl).
- the power generated by the fuel cell 40 is increased so that power can be supplied.
- the request control unit 66 when the request control unit 66 needs to increase the power consumption of the power load 44, power request information is transmitted in advance. Before the power consumption is increased, the power generation amount of the fuel cell 40 can be increased in advance. Further, the request control unit 66 determines the amount of power consumption that needs to be increased compared to the current power consumption when attempting to change the operation mode with reference to the operation mode table 56, and increases the power consumption. Since the required amount is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50, the power generation amount of the fuel cell 40 can be increased in advance by the amount of power consumption required by the power load 44.
- the request control unit 66 transmits period information indicating a period for requesting power to the fuel cell control unit 50, the time when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases after the power consumption of the power load 44 increases is determined. Can know in advance. For this reason, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not the power generation amount of the fuel cell 40 should be increased or decreased.
- the load control unit 58 increases the power consumption of the power load 44 on condition that the fuel cell control unit 50 has received a permission notice indicating that the power consumption may be increased. The fluctuation of power consumption becomes smaller. For this reason, even a relatively small fuel cell 40 can stably supply electric power. In addition, since the load control unit 58 increases the power consumption within the allowable range received from the fuel cell control unit 50, even if the amount of power generation that the fuel cell 40 can increase is small, Such power generation can be used effectively. Further, the load control unit 58 uses the operation mode table 56 to determine an operation mode that can be changed within the allowable power consumption range, and at this time, the operation mode is changed to an operable operation mode.
- the most preferred operating mode can be selected within the range of power to be used.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 should increase the power consumption of the other power load 44 at the timing when the power consumption of one power load 44 decreases. A permission notice is transmitted to the load control unit 58 of the power load 44 of the system. At this time, the fuel cell control unit 50 may receive a notification that the power consumption will decrease from the request control unit 66 in advance, and may increase the power consumption of the other power load 44 when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases. Yo! As another method, the fuel cell control unit 50 detects that the power consumption of the power load 44 has decreased by decreasing the output voltage or output current, and in that case A permission notice may be sent.
- the power consumption may change in a time of about 10 milliseconds, but generally a time of about several hundred milliseconds is required to change the amount of power generated by the fuel cell 40. Therefore, if the generated power of the fuel cell 40 is varied, the power generated until the generated power value of the fuel cell 40 reaches the demand power value is wasted. In other words, when the power generated by the fuel cell 40 is increased in order to cope with the increase in power consumption of the power load 44, the power generated by the fuel cell 40 does not reach the power required by the power load 44. Since the power load 44 cannot effectively consume the power, the power generated by the fuel cell 40 during that time is wasted.
- the power generated by the fuel cell 40 is reduced to cope with the reduction in the power consumption of the power load 44, the power generated by the fuel cell 40 is generated until the reduced power consumption is reached. The power consumed is wasted without being consumed.
- the temperature of the reformer is increased before the fuel cell 40 having the reformer is started from a stopped state. Energy is needed. Therefore, if the fluctuation in the amount of power generated by the fuel cell 40 is large, energy is wasted.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 is based on the period information received from the request control unit 66. Then, the time when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases is calculated in advance, and a permission notice indicating that the power consumption can be increased at this time is transmitted to the load control unit 58 of the other power load 44. Further, when the fuel cell control unit 50 receives the power request information and the period information from the plurality of request control units 66, the power load 44 increases the power consumption so that the fluctuation of the output power is reduced. The timing is scheduled, and a permission notice is transmitted to the load control unit 58 so that each power load 44 increases the power consumption at the scheduled timing. At this time, the fuel cell control unit 50 notifies the load control unit 58 of information indicating a time when power can be supplied to the power load 44.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 determines the amount of power consumed by the power load 44, the start time of power consumption, and the power consumption period based on the power request information received from the request control unit 66. Manage in association with 44. As a result, the time when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases can be calculated in advance, so that the fuel cell control unit 50 can increase the power consumption of the power load 44 so as to reduce the fluctuation of the output power. Can be scheduled. Information indicating the time to start the power consumption is transmitted to the load control unit 58 together with the permission notification so that each power load 44 increases the power consumption at the scheduled timing.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 can control the load S to consume power continuously. For this reason, fluctuations in power consumption of the entire fuel cell system 30 are reduced. In addition, since the load whose power consumption approximates can be operated continuously, the fluctuation of the power consumption of the entire fuel cell system 30 is further reduced.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 consumes power using the heating device 48 and transmits water until the power consumption of the power load 44 increases after the permission notification is transmitted to the load control unit 58. Warm up the heat.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 uses the heating device 48 to heat the water by heating the fuel cell 40 until it can actually supply power to the power load 44. Do it. As a result, even when the response of the power load 44 is slow, it is possible to prevent fluctuations in the power consumption of the entire fuel cell system 30 during that time.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 when it is determined in advance based on the request information from the power load 44 that the power consumption exceeds the maximum power generation amount, the fuel cell control unit 50 has the maximum power consumption. By requiring the power load 44 to reduce power consumption so as not to exceed the amount of power generation, the power supply system is kept stable.
- the load control unit 58 When the load control unit 58 receives an instruction to reduce power consumption from the fuel cell control unit 50, the load control unit 58 reduces power consumption. At this time, the load control unit 58 reduces the power consumption by the required power. In addition, the load control unit 58 determines an operation mode that needs to be changed in order to reduce the power consumption by the requested power with reference to the operation mode table 56, and makes a transition to the operation mode. As a result, even when power is insufficient, power consumption can be reduced without stopping completely. In this way, it is possible to appropriately prevent the peak value of the total power consumption from exceeding the maximum amount of power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of a communication sequence when a reduction in power consumption is requested.
- the request control unit 66b transmits power request information for increasing the power consumption of the power load 44b to the fuel cell control unit 50 (S250).
- the fuel cell control unit 50 makes a request determination based on the power request information from the request control unit 66b. (S252). If it is determined in S252 that the power consumption of the power load 44a needs to be reduced, the load control unit 58a is instructed to reduce the power consumption of the power load 44a (S254). At this time, the fuel cell control unit 50 transmits information indicating the amount of power to be reduced to the load control unit 58a. When the load control unit 58a receives an instruction to reduce the power consumption from the fuel cell control unit 50, the load control unit 58a controls the load unit 64a to reduce the specified power consumption, thereby reducing the power consumption of the power load 44a. (S255).
- the load control unit 58a may refer to the operation mode table 56a, select an operation mode that can operate even when power consumption is reduced, and control the power load 44a to transition to the operation mode.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 performs load control to indicate that the power consumption may be increased.
- the data is transmitted to the unit 58b (S256).
- the load control unit 58b controls the load unit 64b, so that the power load 44b starts power consumption (S258).
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing details of the operation of the fuel cell control unit 50 when a reduction in power consumption is requested.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 determines whether or not the maximum power generation amount is exceeded when the power requested by the request control unit 66b is supplied (S260). If the maximum power generation amount is exceeded, the load control unit 58a is instructed to reduce the power consumption of the power load 44a so as not to exceed the maximum power generation amount that should reduce the power consumption of the currently supplied power load 44a (S264). ). When the power consumption of the power load 44a decreases and the preparation for supplying the power required by the power load 44b is completed, a permission notice indicating that the power consumption may be increased is transmitted (S266).
- the maximum power generation amount is not exceeded when the power requested by the request control unit 66b is supplied in S260, it is determined whether the fuel cell 40 can be operated at an efficiency higher than a predetermined power generation efficiency. (S262). If the fuel cell 40 can be operated at an efficiency higher than the predetermined power generation efficiency, it is determined whether the fuel cell 40 is ready to supply power (S268). If the fuel cell 40 is ready to supply power, the process proceeds to S266. If the fuel cell 40 is not ready to supply power in S268, the process of S268 is executed until the preparation is completed. If the fuel cell 40 cannot be operated at a higher efficiency than the predetermined power generation efficiency in S262, the process proceeds to S264.
- the priority order of power load 44a and power load 44b is determined, and control is performed to instruct load control unit 58a to reduce power consumption when power load 44a has a low priority. Moyore. When the priority of the power load 44b is lower than that of the power load 44a, a non-permission notice may be transmitted to the power load 44b.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the time evolution of the generated power generated by the fuel cell 40.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 reduces the power requested from the power load 44b to the power load 44a when power is requested from the power load 44b when the fuel cell 40 is operating at the maximum power generation amount.
- the power load 44b is controlled so that the reduced power is consumed.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 instructs to reduce the power consumption of the power load 44a having a low priority, and the reduced power is Control is performed so that the power load 44b having a higher priority is consumed.
- the power consumption may change in a time of about 10 milliseconds, whereas the load responsiveness of the fuel cell 40 is generally several hundred milliseconds, so it cannot immediately respond to the power demand.
- the load control units 58 of the plurality of other power loads 44 to reduce the power consumption, the power consumption fluctuation speed is kept below a predetermined speed.
- the increase in power consumption is permitted again for the power load 44 instructed to reduce the power consumption.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 stores the priority of each of the plurality of power loads 44 in advance, and when the request information is received from the request control unit 66 of the power load 44 having a high priority, Instructs the load control unit 58 of the lower-priority power load 44 to reduce power consumption. Further, the fuel cell control unit 50 determines each power consumption based on the required amount and period information of the power consumption received from each request control unit 66 and the time when each power load 44 starts to increase the power consumption. The power load 44 determines the amount of power that is currently consumed, and receives new request information from the request control unit 66 of the power load 44 with higher priority. If it is determined that the power corresponding to the new request information can be supplied by reducing the power consumption of one of the power loads 44 having a lower priority, it is determined.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 manages the time when the increase in power consumption is started, the period during which power is consumed, and the amount of power consumption for a plurality of power loads 44 that are permitted to consume power. By doing so, it is possible to determine the amount of power consumed by the plurality of power loads 44 at an arbitrary time. Therefore, when new request information is received from the power load 44 with a higher priority, the power corresponding to the new request information is reduced by reducing the power consumption of any power load 44 with a lower priority. It can be determined whether it can be supplied.
- the fuel cell 40 in the above embodiment is a device that simultaneously generates power and supplies heat using fossil fuel or hydrogen gas as fuel.
- Such equipment is, for example, a gas engine or a gas turbine. Even in this modification, it is apparent that the same effects as those described in the above embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a consumption pattern of power consumed by the power load 44.
- the power load 44 consumes w2 power during the period from time uO to time ul with uO as the reference time. Furthermore, the power consumption is changed at time ul and w4 power is consumed for the period up to time u2. Further, in the consumption pattern 2, the power load 44 consumes power of w3 during a period from time u3 to time u4 with u3 as a reference time. Furthermore, the power consumption is changed at time u4, and wl power is consumed until time u5. Further, the power load 44 may store the power consumption pattern in each operation mode in the operation mode table 56.
- a plurality of consumption patterns for performing may be stored. For example, as shown in Fig. 9, when some operations and other operations consume the power shown by consumption pattern 1 and consumption pattern 2, respectively, in order to perform the intended operation, If other operations can be performed at intervals, consumption pattern 1 and consumption pattern 2 may be stored.
- the request control unit 66 selects a consumption pattern necessary for the target operation, and requests fuel cell control in advance for request information indicating the power consumption pattern. Send to part 50. In addition, the request control unit 66 transmits to the fuel cell control unit 50 a time limit until the start of power consumption indicated by the consumption pattern.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 receives request information from a plurality of request control units 66, the fuel cell control unit 50 follows the power consumption pattern indicated by the request information based on the power consumption for each period indicated by the request information.
- the total amount of power consumed by the power load 44 exceeds the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the fuel cell 40 at any time indicated by the request information.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 determines whether or not. The total amount of power consumed by the power load 44 When the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the fuel cell 40 is not exceeded at any time, the fuel cell control unit 50 starts the power consumption indicated by the consumption pattern Determine. Further, the fuel cell control unit 50 transmits a permission notification indicating the time to start power consumption to the load control unit 58. The total value of the power consumed by the power load 44 When the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the fuel cell 40 is exceeded at any time, the fuel cell control unit 50 does not send a permission notice to the load control unit 58 .
- the request control unit 66 performs some operations.
- Request information indicating a power consumption pattern necessary for performing the operation and request information indicating a power consumption pattern necessary for performing another operation are transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50.
- the request control unit 66 Transmits to the fuel cell control unit 50 the time limit until the start of power consumption indicated by each consumption pattern.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 determines the period indicated by the request information based on the request information already received from the request control unit 66. Calculate the power consumption for each.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 when the fuel cell control unit 50 starts supplying power in accordance with a plurality of consumption patterns indicated by the new request information by the time limit for starting power consumption, the fuel cell control unit 50 consumes the power at any time.
- the time for starting the power consumption indicated by each consumption pattern is determined so that the total value of the generated power does not exceed the maximum amount of power that the fuel cell 40 can supply. Further, the fuel cell control unit 50 transmits a permission notice indicating the time when the power consumption indicated by each consumption pattern can be started to the load control unit 58.
- the fuel cell system 30 further includes a storage battery that accumulates electric power generated by the fuel cell 40 and supplies electric power to the electric power load 44.
- An apartment house can be equipped with a single storage battery.
- Each of the houses 110 can be equipped with a storage battery.
- Each fuel cell 40 may include a storage battery.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 supplies the electric power required by the power load 44 by the storage battery and the fuel cell 40 when the request control unit 66 power cannot be supplied by the requested time limit. Control is performed to supply power from the storage battery until the fuel cell 40 can supply power, provided that the amount of power until it can be supplied within the time limit. Furthermore, the fuel cell control unit 50 loads a permission notice indicating that the power can be consumed. It is transmitted to the control unit 58.
- the storage battery includes a request control unit 66 and a load control unit 58, and when the storage amount stored in the storage battery is lower than a predetermined storage amount, request information indicating that power is requested is sent to the fuel cell control unit. Send to 50. At this time, the amount of power required for charging the storage battery is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 receives the request information from the request control unit 66 of the storage battery, the fuel cell control unit 50 is based on the amount of power consumed by the power load 44 and the period of power consumption received from the request control unit 66 of the power load 44. Thus, the time when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases is determined, and at which time the power for charging the storage battery is supplied.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 transmits a permission notice for charging the storage battery at the time when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 receives the request information from the storage battery request control unit 66
- the fuel cell control unit 50 consumes the amount of power consumed by the power load 44 and the power received from the request control unit 66 of the power load 44.
- the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 40 is preliminarily determined by determining the time when the power consumed by the power load 44 decreases based on the period spent, and charging the storage battery at the time when the power consumed by the power load 44 decreases.
- a permission notice to supply power to the storage battery is transmitted to the load control unit 58 of the storage battery.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the time evolution of the power consumed by the power load 44 and the storage battery.
- the power load 44c consumes power P7 at time u6.
- the total amount P8 of the amount of power consumed by the power load 44b and the power load 44c at the time u6 is the maximum amount of power that can be generated by the fuel cell 40.
- the power load 44b temporarily stops power consumption at time iju7 after time u6, and then consumes the same amount of power from time u9 as that consumed at time u7. Scheduled to resume. Further, the power load 44a requests the same amount of power as the power consumed by the power load 44b at time lju6 with the time u6 as the deadline.
- the fuel cell 40 cannot supply power to the power load 44a during the period from time u6 to time u7.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 controls to supply power from the storage battery to the power load 44a.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 sets the time to start discharging at time u6 so that the amount of power discharged from the storage battery is minimized, and gives a permission notice indicating that power consumption starts from time u6. Sent to the load controller 58a.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 is scheduled in advance so that the power load 44a terminates power consumption at time u8 prior to time u9. Therefore, from time u8 to time u9, a permission notice indicating that power can be consumed is transmitted to the load control unit 58 of the storage battery so as to charge the storage battery. In this way, the amount of power generated by the fuel cell 40 is kept substantially constant at the power P8.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 stores in advance position information on the power path of the fuel cell 40 and the power relay device 76. In other words, the fuel cell control unit 50 applies to each fuel cell 40. Information for identifying the connected power line 74 is stored in association with the fuel cell 40. In addition, the fuel cell control unit 50 associates information identifying all the power lines 74 connected to the power relay device 76 and the power loss rate in the power relay device 76 with the power relay device 76. Remember. The fuel cell control unit 50 further stores the power loss rate in all the power lines 74 in association with the power lines 74.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 stores the positional information on the power path of the fuel cell 40 and the power relay device 76 in advance, so that the power line 74 connected to the power load 44 is given.
- the power path from the fuel cell 40 to the power load 44 can be known. For example, in a route search of a car navigation system, as is well known, from a start point to a destination based on node information indicating a road-to-road connection point and link information indicating a road connecting each node. Get directions for.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 calls the power relay device 76 (node) and the power line 74 (link) that store in advance the power path from the fuel cell 40 (starting place) to the power load 44 (destination). Can be searched.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 can calculate the amount of power transmission loss from the power loss rate in the power line 74 and the power relay device 76 on the retrieved power path and the amount of power to be transmitted.
- the power load 44 stores information for identifying the power line 74 to which the power load 44 is connected as position information on its power path.
- the request control unit 66 provides the fuel cell control unit 50 with position information on the power path of the power load 44 along with request information indicating the amount of power consumed. Send.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 receives the request information and the position information of the power load 44 from the request control unit 66, the fuel cell control unit 50 searches the power path for supplying power to the power load 44 from each fuel cell 40.
- the power loss rate in the power path is calculated by determining the power line 74 and the power relay device 76 that form the power path.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 calculates the amount of transmission loss in the power path based on the power loss rate in the power path and the amount of increase in power received from the request control unit 66.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 increases the amount of power generated by the plurality of fuel cells 40 so that the total amount of power transmission loss on the power path is minimized.
- the fuel cell control unit 50 is requested from the request control unit 66 when the request information and the position information indicating the position of the power load 44 on the power path are received from the request control unit 66.
- the amount of power generated by the fuel cell 40 is increased by the total amount of the generated power and the transmission loss on the power path.
- the power transmission loss from the fuel cell 40 to the power load 44 can be reduced.
- the amount of power received by the power load 44 can be prevented from being insufficient due to transmission loss.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the computer 500 included in each of the fuel cell control unit 50, the request control unit 66, and the load control unit 58.
- the computer 500 stores a program that causes the fuel cell system to function as the fuel cell system 30 described with reference to FIGS.
- the computer 500 includes a CPU 700, a ROM 702, a RAM 704, a communication interface 706, a hard disk drive 710, a flexible disk drive 712, and a CD-R OM drive 714.
- the CPU 700 operates based on a program stored in the ROM 702, RAM 704, hard disk drive 710, flexible disk 720, and / or CD-ROM 722.
- a program for causing the fuel cell system 30 to function causes the computer 500 to function as the fuel cell control unit 50, the request control unit 66, and the load control unit 58 described with reference to FIG. Make the fuel cell system work.
- the computer 500 included in each of the fuel cell control unit 50, the request control unit 66, and the load control unit 58 causes the corresponding fuel cell control unit 50, request control unit 66, and load control unit 58 to function.
- a program may be stored.
- the program may be read from the recording medium directly into the RAM and executed, or after being installed in the hard disk drive 710 and read out to the RAM 704 and executed. Furthermore, the above program may be stored on a single recording medium or a plurality of recording media. The program stored in the recording medium may provide each function in cooperation with the operating system. For example, the program may ask the operating system to perform some or all of the functions and provide the functions based on a response from the operating system.
- a recording medium for storing the program in addition to a flexible disk and a CD-ROM, an optical recording medium such as DVD and PD, a magneto-optical recording medium such as MD, a tape medium, a magnetic recording medium, and a flash memory You can use semiconductor memory such as IC cards and miniature cards.
- a storage device such as a hard disk or RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet may be used as a recording medium.
- the request control unit 66 transmits power request information in advance when it is necessary to increase the power consumption of the power load 44, so the power consumption can be reduced. Before the increase, the power generation amount of the fuel cell 40 can be increased in advance.
- the load control unit 58 increases the power consumption of the power load 44 on the condition that the fuel cell control unit 50 receives a permission notice indicating that the power consumption can be increased. Becomes smaller.
- the load control unit 58 receives an instruction to reduce power consumption from the fuel cell control unit 50, the load control unit 58 reduces power consumption. It is possible to appropriately prevent the peak of the total value of the force from exceeding the maximum power generation by the fuel cell 40.
- the load control unit 58 determines an operation mode that needs to be changed in order to reduce the power consumption by the amount of requested power with reference to the operation mode table 56, the load control unit 58 makes a transition to the operation mode. Even if there is a shortage of power, it is possible to propose power consumption without stopping completely.
- the request control unit 66 transmits period information indicating a period for requesting power to the fuel cell control unit 50, the fuel cell control unit 50 sets a time when the power consumption of the power load 44 decreases after increasing. You can know in advance. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not the power generation amount of the fuel cell 40 should be increased or decreased.
- the request control unit 66 refers to the operation mode table 56 to determine the amount of power consumption that needs to be increased compared to the current power consumption when attempting to change the operation mode, and the required increase amount. Is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 50, the power generation amount of the fuel cell 40 can be increased in advance by the amount of power consumption required by the power load 44.
- the load control unit 58 uses the operation mode table 56 to determine an operation mode that can be changed within the allowable power consumption range, and changes to the operation mode. The most preferred operating mode can be selected.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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PCT/JP2004/009857 WO2006006224A1 (ja) | 2004-07-09 | 2004-07-09 | 電力消費量のピークを最大発電電力以下に抑える燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法および建造物 |
JP2005509646A JP3957727B2 (ja) | 2004-07-09 | 2004-07-09 | 電力消費量のピークを最大発電電力以下に抑える燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法および建造物 |
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PCT/JP2004/009857 WO2006006224A1 (ja) | 2004-07-09 | 2004-07-09 | 電力消費量のピークを最大発電電力以下に抑える燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法および建造物 |
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CN108099691A (zh) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-06-01 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 用于控制电动机的方法和系统 |
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JPWO2006006224A1 (ja) | 2008-04-24 |
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