WO2005116641A1 - 生体試料採取用具及び生体試料の採取方法 - Google Patents
生体試料採取用具及び生体試料の採取方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005116641A1 WO2005116641A1 PCT/JP2005/009534 JP2005009534W WO2005116641A1 WO 2005116641 A1 WO2005116641 A1 WO 2005116641A1 JP 2005009534 W JP2005009534 W JP 2005009534W WO 2005116641 A1 WO2005116641 A1 WO 2005116641A1
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- Prior art keywords
- biological sample
- container
- blood
- wall
- collected
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150015—Source of blood
- A61B5/150022—Source of blood for capillary blood or interstitial fluid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
- A61B5/150213—Venting means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150343—Collection vessels for collecting blood samples from the skin surface, e.g. test tubes, cuvettes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150351—Caps, stoppers or lids for sealing or closing a blood collection vessel or container, e.g. a test-tube or syringe barrel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150358—Strips for collecting blood, e.g. absorbent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150755—Blood sample preparation for further analysis, e.g. by separating blood components or by mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
- B01L3/5082—Test tubes per se
- B01L3/50825—Closing or opening means, corks, bungs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
- B01L2300/046—Function or devices integrated in the closure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/0681—Filter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biological sample collecting tool for efficiently and easily collecting and separating a biological sample required for a clinical test, and a method of collecting a biological sample using the tool.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-321364 discloses a blood collection / separation device for self-blood collection and a blood collection method by self-blood collection using these devices (Patent Document 1).
- a large amount of blood 200 to 300 volumes
- ⁇ is required to obtain the amount of serum necessary for the test, which has a large inner diameter of the container and a large loss due to the large inner diameter of the container. ⁇ is required.
- Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-270239 discloses a biological sample separation instrument and a separation method for home inspection (Patent Document 2).
- blood collected using a capillary is dropped into a cylinder containing a certain amount of diluent and diluted, and then plasma and blood cells are separated through a filtration membrane.
- This method has a problem that it is difficult to sample a fixed amount of the sample, and an error is easily generated as compared with a normal inspection method.
- the test reagent is undiluted blood. Since it is intended for purification, there is a problem that the test accuracy is reduced for diluted samples, and the test items and test methods are also limited.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-321364 A
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2003-270239
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has a biological sample collecting tool for realizing a simpler and more accurate clinical test with a small amount of blood collected, and using the same.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for collecting and separating biological samples. Means for solving the problem
- the present inventors have found that a small amount of a biological sample can be efficiently collected and separated by using an absorbing medium such as a nonwoven fabric or absorbent cotton.
- the present invention provides an upper portion of a container having a media storage portion having an open top for storing and holding an absorbing medium for impregnating a collected biological sample, and storing a biological sample separated from the medium. And a lid for closing an upper open part of the media storage part, wherein the bottom of the media storage part has an area opened toward the lower part of the container.
- the biological sampling tool Related.
- an opening for communicating the inside of the container body with the outside air is formed in a peripheral wall portion of an upper portion of the container. This is because the opening facilitates the impregnation of the collected biological sample into the absorbing medium.
- the container upper portion includes a cylindrical outer wall continuous with the container lower portion, a cylindrical inner wall fitted inside the outer wall, and a flange at an upper end of the inner wall.
- the flange and the flange are rotatable and Z or detachable with respect to the outer wall, and the lid is attached to the flange in an externally fitted state.
- an opening is formed in a part of both the outer wall and the inner wall, and an opening for communicating the inside of the container body to the outside air is formed in the upper part of the container by matching both openings.
- the inner diameter of the lower part of the container is preferably smaller than the inner diameter of the upper part of the container, and particularly the inner diameter of the lower part of the container is preferably about 3 to 6 mm!
- the present invention also provides a biological sample collecting tool, wherein the biological sample collecting tool further includes an absorption medium for impregnating the collected biological sample in a media storage portion.
- the absorbent medium is particularly preferably a cloth or a nonwoven fabric having a polyester fiber and polyolefin fiber strength, and / or a melamine foam.
- the absorption medium preferably contains an anticoagulant that suppresses coagulation of the collected blood or the like.
- a lower part of the collection container is pre-filled with a separating agent for assisting separation of the biological material.
- the present invention also provides a biological sample collection tool of the present invention and a test kit including a lancet.
- the test kit may further include a centrifuge if necessary.
- the present invention also relates to a method for collecting plasma using the biological sample collecting device of the present invention, wherein the collected blood is impregnated in an absorption medium, the opening is closed, and then subjected to centrifugation. And transferring the blood to a lower portion of the absorption media force container, and separating and collecting the blood.
- the biological sample collection step can be simplified, and the inspection cost can be reduced.
- a biological sample for example, plasma and blood cells
- a change with time of the sample can be suppressed, and a highly accurate test can be performed.
- a sample can be efficiently obtained from a smaller blood collection amount, the burden on the subject during blood collection is reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an entire biological sample collecting tool (one embodiment) of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a lid and a collection container main body of a biological sample collection tool (one embodiment) of the present invention.
- the left side shows a biological sample collection tool without an opening
- the right side shows a biological sample collection tool with an opening.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing components of a biological sample collecting tool (1 embodiment) of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of each part of the biological sample collecting tool (one embodiment) of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an experimental method of Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the effect of an anticoagulant on the remaining amount of media.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an experimental method of Example 4.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method of using the biological sample collecting tool of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing an experimental method of Example 5.
- FIG. 10A is a graph comparing the results of a biochemical test (ALT) between plasma collected by the biological sample collection device of the present invention and serum collected normally.
- ALT biochemical test
- FIG. 10B is a graph comparing the results of a biochemical test ( ⁇ -GTP) between plasma collected with the biological sample collection tool of the present invention and serum collected normally.
- FIG. 10C is a graph comparing the results of a biochemical test (T-CHO) between plasma collected with the biological sample collection device of the present invention and serum collected normally.
- FIG. 10D shows the relationship between plasma collected with the biological sample collection device of the present invention and normal blood collection serum. 4 is a graph comparing the results (TG) of the biochemical tests of the present invention.
- FIG. 10E is a graph comparing the results (UA) of biochemical tests of plasma collected with the biological sample collection device of the present invention and normal blood collected serum.
- FIG. 10F is a graph comparing the results of biochemical tests (CRE) between plasma collected by the biological sample collection device of the present invention and serum collected normally.
- the biological sample collecting tool of the present invention includes a container body 2 composed of a container upper part 3 and a container lower part 4, and a lid 5.
- the container upper part 3 is provided with a media housing part 9 having an open top for housing and holding an absorption medium 6 for impregnating the collected biological sample.
- the bottom of the media housing 9 has an area opened toward the lower part 4 of the container. With this open area, the biological sample absorbed by the absorbing medium 6 can be transferred to and stored in the lower part of the container 4. Therefore, the open area at the bottom of the medium storage section 9 has any structure as long as the absorption medium 6 can be appropriately stored and the biological sample can be appropriately transferred to the lower portion 4 of the absorption medium force container. It doesn't matter.
- a cross structure 13 is provided in an open area at the bottom of the media accommodating portion 9, but this structure may be a mesh shape as long as the above-described object can be achieved. It may be radial.
- the lid 5 is for closing the upper opening portion of the media accommodating portion 9, and is attached to the flange portion 12 on the upper portion of the container in an externally fitted state.
- At least one opening 7 (7 'and 7 ") for communicating the inside of the container body with the outside air is preferably formed in the peripheral wall 10 (and 11) of the container upper part 3. This opening is preferable.
- the presence of part 7 (7 'and 7 ") facilitates the impregnation of the collected biological sample into the absorbing media.
- the number of force openings provided with two openings facing each other may be one, or two or more.
- the size and shape of the opening are not particularly limited, and are appropriately determined based on the height and operability of the upper portion of the container as long as the above-described object can be achieved.
- the container upper part 3 is composed of a cylindrical outer wall 10 continuous with the container lower part 4 and a cylindrical inner wall 11 which is fitted in the outer wall in an airtight manner.
- a flange portion 12 exists at the upper end of the inner wall.
- the inner wall 11 and the flange portion 12 form a member 8, which is rotatable, Z-movable or detachable with respect to the outer wall 10, and the lid 5 is attached to the flange portion 12 in an outer fitting state.
- Openings 7 'and 7 are partially formed in the outer wall 10 and the inner wall 11, respectively.
- the inner wall 11 is rotated with respect to the outer wall 10, and both the openings 7' and 7" are formed.
- an opening 7 for communicating the inside of the container body 2 with the outside air is formed in the upper part of the container.
- the two openings 7 ′ and 7 ′′ so that they do not overlap at all, the openings are closed, and the communication between the container body 2 and the outside air is blocked.
- the size of the opening 7 ′ and the size of the opening 7 ′′ are not necessarily required to be the same as long as the above-mentioned object can be achieved, but it is preferable that the sizes are substantially the same and the same shape.
- the outer wall 10 and the inner wall 11 may not have a rotatable structure, and the side surface of the lid 5 may be raised to close the opening in a state fitted to the container.
- the inner diameter 14 of the container lower part 4 is preferably smaller than the inner diameter of the container upper part 3.
- the container upper part 3 accommodates the absorption medium 6 and requires a certain size (preferably 7 to 15 mm) for dropping and absorbing the biological sample onto the medium. This is because a smaller inner diameter is desired in order to provide an inspection with less loss than a collected biological sample.
- the inner diameter of the container lower part 4 is preferably about 3 to 6 mm.
- the biological sample collection tool of the present invention is used for actual use in a state where the absorbing medium 6 is housed in the medium housing part 9.
- the material of the absorption media used is an inert and safe absorbent material that does not react with the biological sample.It absorbs the biological sample (e.g., blood) promptly and centrifuges the absorbed biological sample. It is necessary that the material be transferred to the lower part 4 of the container more efficiently.
- the present inventors measured the absorption time of blood and the remaining amount after centrifugation of various absorbent materials currently used in the medical field to determine the suitability of the absorbent medium according to the present invention.
- cloths or non-woven cloths made of rayon fiber and polyester fiber and polyolefin fiber.
- Non-woven fabrics and melamine foams are preferable, and a cloth or non-woven fabric made of polyester fiber and polyolefin fiber, or melamine foam was considered to be more preferable.
- the absorption medium preferably further contains an anticoagulant in order to prevent loss due to coagulation and adsorption of the collected blood.
- an anticoagulant examples include, for example, EDTA-2Na, EDTA-1K, heparin-Na, heparin-Li, sodium fluoride, sodium citrate, and ACD (acid citrate dextrose solution). It is not limited to.
- the amount of the anticoagulant to be used is appropriately determined according to the amount of the biological sample to be collected and the type of the anticoagulant in accordance with the method described in Examples described later.
- EDTA-2Na it is about 10 mg / mL
- heparin-Na it is about 0.1 mg / mL.
- Fruit is obtained.
- These anticoagulants may be contained in the material constituting the media by an appropriate method such as impregnation, adsorption, or bonding.
- the container lower part 4 is desirably pre-filled with a separating agent for maintaining separation of a biological sample (eg, blood).
- a biological sample eg, blood
- separating agents are well known in the art and commercially available products are readily available.
- the separating agent include, but are not limited to, sodium diatrizoate, polysaccharide, dextran, polyester gel, acrylic resin, and a mixture thereof.
- the amount of the separating agent filled in the container is determined according to the amount of the biological sample to be collected and the type of the separating agent.
- the present invention provides a test kit including the biological sample collecting tool of the present invention, a lancet and a centrifuge.
- the lancet is a needle for puncture blood collection, and various lancets for collecting a small amount of blood from fingers, earlobes, feet, etc. are manufactured and sold. Those skilled in the art can use such lancets. Can be appropriately used for the kit of the present invention.
- the centrifugal separator is not particularly limited as long as it can transfer blood impregnated in the absorbing medium 6 of the biological sample collecting tool of the present invention to the lower part 4 of the container and separate blood-powered blood cells.
- the centrifugal separator is preferably a small and simple centrifuge suitable for use in places other than medical institutions (for example, the home of the subject). Such centrifuges have already been used in some home inspections and the like, and those skilled in the art can appropriately modify them to produce centrifuges suitable for the biological sample collection tool of the present invention.
- the kit may appropriately contain other components according to the purpose.
- Such components may include, for example, alcohol wool for disinfection and first aid bandages for hemostasis.
- the biological sample collecting device of the present invention is compact, and can efficiently collect and separate a small amount of blood. Therefore, the test kit of the present invention is suitable for a home test service by self-blood sampling.
- the present invention provides a biological sample collecting method using the biological sample collecting tool of the present invention. According to the method, the collected blood is impregnated into the absorption medium 6, and then the opening is closed, and then subjected to centrifugation, whereby the blood is transferred from the absorption medium 6 to the lower part 4 of the container and separated. It is characterized by being collected.
- the blood is collected by, for example, using an appropriate lancet to apply a force such as a fingertip, an earlobe, or a foot to minimize the loss of the collected blood. It is desirable to make it drip-absorb.
- the opening 7 is kept open in order to promote the absorption of blood into the medium.
- the absorption medium can be impregnated with an anticoagulant in advance, so that the blood absorbed by the medium is subjected to the next separation step without coagulation.
- the lid 5 When the blood is completely absorbed by the absorbing medium, the lid 5 is fitted to the upper part of the container, the opening is completely closed, and the blood is centrifuged. By centrifugation, the blood impregnated in the absorption medium 6 moves to the lower part 4 of the container, and is separated into blood cells and plasma at the same time. As described above, by prefilling the lower part of the container with the separating agent in advance, it is possible to prevent blood cells from being mixed again with the separated plasma. Thus, the biological sample separated into blood cells and plasma is subjected to various clinical tests in a suitable state without denaturation.
- Example 2 Effect of anticoagulant
- the two media (K'L) selected in Example 1 were impregnated with a certain amount of an anticoagulant such as heparin-Na, and changes in the absorption amount and the remaining amount were examined.
- an anticoagulant such as heparin-Na
- Example 2 The material selected in Example 2 (polyester ⁇ ⁇ non-woven fabric of polyolefin, melamine) was added with '(the same material as ⁇ but coarser than ⁇ ), and heparin-Na: 0.1 mg / mL l Omg / mL (prepared with purified water) and EDTA-2Na: 1.0 mg / mL 10.0 mg / mL (prepared with purified water), soak at room temperature overnight, cut out to 12 mm diameter, Two sheets were set. Here, 800 L of blood collected by a plain blood collection tube was dropped, left at room temperature for 0 min'30 min, and then centrifuged (room temperature, 2500 rpm for 5 minutes). Beforehand, the weight of the parts set with the material is measured before and after centrifugation to compare the adsorption amount. [0052] 2. Results
- heparin-Na 0.1, 1.
- EDTA-2Na 1.0 mg / mL L-added cascade was puriny-coagulated after centrifugation. Heparin-Na was added. And ED TA-2Na: No coagulation was observed with 10.0 mg / mL cucumbers.
- the blood collection volume of the blood collection container is assumed to be about 100 ⁇ L for whole blood (about 50 ⁇ L for serum and plasma)! Generally, about 50 ⁇ L of serum or plasma is required to perform 16 biochemical tests. Therefore, the inner diameter of the container for removing 50 L of serum or plasma from the supernatant after centrifugation as little as possible was examined.
- the dead volume at the time of dispensing tip force of about 4 mm in inner diameter was about 15 ⁇ L, and 100 L (about 50 ⁇ L for serum and plasma) L) Sufficient collection is assumed. It was considered possible to efficiently use plasma components for clinical tests. Also, even if the sample is set in an automatic analyzer (the sample probe is automatically sampled), it is necessary to have a certain level of liquid level, so a small inner diameter of about 4 mm ⁇ is preferable. It was considered.
- Plasma collected with the biological sample collection device of the present invention plasma collected by absorption into media (media K containing henolin-Na1 mg / mL) and then centrifuged, and normal blood collection serum: experimental tube The serum collected by centrifugation without media was compared in 16 general biochemical test items.
- the biological sample collection device of the present invention can efficiently collect a specimen with a small blood collection amount, and thus can reduce the burden on the subject during blood collection.
- a biological sample eg, plasma and blood cells
- the biological sample collection tool of the present invention has a compact design and is suitable for home examinations and the like, and can also be suitably used for blood collection from children and infants who have difficulty collecting blood.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05743752A EP1767935A4 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COLLECTING A BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE |
US11/597,412 US20080047908A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | Tool for Recovering Biological Samples and Method for Recovering Biological Samples |
JP2006513904A JP4796959B2 (ja) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | 生体試料採取用具及び生体試料の採取方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-158290 | 2004-05-27 | ||
JP2004158290 | 2004-05-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005116641A1 true WO2005116641A1 (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/009534 WO2005116641A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | 生体試料採取用具及び生体試料の採取方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080047908A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1767935A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4796959B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070026645A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1989409A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200607479A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005116641A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2010502990A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2010-01-28 | ピーター・エイ・ケイ・ヨン | ドッキング機構を利用した安全な自己収納型の生物分子の採取及び運搬システム |
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KR102093468B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-03-25 | 서정원 | 진단용 생리컵 키트 |
US20200341005A1 (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-29 | Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika Ag | Carrier and method for detecting an analyte in dried blood spots |
USD931494S1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-09-21 | Life Technologies Corporation | Reagent tube |
TWI780552B (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-10-11 | 台灣電鏡儀器股份有限公司 | 可拆卸的取樣裝置 |
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- 2005-05-25 US US11/597,412 patent/US20080047908A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-05-25 CN CNA2005800247465A patent/CN1989409A/zh active Pending
- 2005-05-25 EP EP05743752A patent/EP1767935A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-05-27 TW TW094117530A patent/TW200607479A/zh unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2005116641A1 (ja) | 2008-04-03 |
KR20070026645A (ko) | 2007-03-08 |
EP1767935A4 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
US20080047908A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
TW200607479A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
EP1767935A1 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
JP4796959B2 (ja) | 2011-10-19 |
CN1989409A (zh) | 2007-06-27 |
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