WO2005114332A1 - 電子ビーム記録基板 - Google Patents
電子ビーム記録基板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005114332A1 WO2005114332A1 PCT/JP2005/009489 JP2005009489W WO2005114332A1 WO 2005114332 A1 WO2005114332 A1 WO 2005114332A1 JP 2005009489 W JP2005009489 W JP 2005009489W WO 2005114332 A1 WO2005114332 A1 WO 2005114332A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electron beam
- beam recording
- substrate
- recording substrate
- resist film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2051—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
- G03F7/2059—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a scanning corpuscular radiation beam, e.g. an electron beam
- G03F7/2061—Electron scattering (proximity) correction or prevention methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
- G11B7/263—Preparing and using a stamper, e.g. pressing or injection molding substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P76/00—Manufacture or treatment of masks on semiconductor bodies, e.g. by lithography or photolithography
- H10P76/20—Manufacture or treatment of masks on semiconductor bodies, e.g. by lithography or photolithography of masks comprising organic materials
- H10P76/204—Manufacture or treatment of masks on semiconductor bodies, e.g. by lithography or photolithography of masks comprising organic materials of organic photoresist masks
- H10P76/2045—Electron beam lithography processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a substrate material for use in electron beam lithography, and more particularly to an electron beam recording substrate carrying a resist film on which information is recorded by an electron beam.
- Information recording with an electron beam is used for mask drawing of semiconductor devices and the like in order to reduce the line width.
- an electron-sensitive material that is, a resist film is coated on a substrate made of a semiconductor, the substrate is set in the device, and the electron-sensitive material on the substrate is directly irradiated with an electron beam to expose the substrate.
- a direct drawing method using light is known.
- an indirect drawing method using a mask is also known.
- the electron beam recording substrate can be applied to a master of an electron beam mastering technique for manufacturing a master for manufacturing a high-density optical disk using an electron beam.
- the outline of the electron beam mass ring is as follows: a resist film is applied on a substrate, electron beam exposure is performed by irradiating the electron beam directly on the resist film, and the electron beam exposed portion of the resist film is developed. By removing (positive type), a pit or group, which is recorded information, is formed on the resist film.
- FIG. 1 shows an electron beam recorder that is an information recording device in the electron beam mass ring.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration of a decoder.
- Electron beam recorder is a vacuum chamber
- a spindle motor 5 for rotating the substrate 4 while keeping it horizontal, a moving stage 6 for moving the spindle motor 5 in a predetermined direction, a mirror 7 mounted on the moving stage 6, a substrate Optical sensors 8 and 9 for detecting the height fluctuation of 4 are provided.
- the substrate 4 mounted on the turntable of the spindle motor 5 has a resist film formed on the surface on the electron beam column 2 side.
- the spindle motor 5 is controlled by the controller 3 to rotate at a constant linear velocity during electron beam exposure.
- the moving stage 6 is horizontally moved by the controller 3 by receiving a driving force of an external electric motor 11.
- a length measuring device 12 that irradiates a laser beam to the mirror 7 and detects a reflected light thereof detects a moving position of the moving stage 6 and supplies moving position information to the controller 3.
- the controller 3 controls the movement position by feeding back the movement position information obtained from the controller 3 to the movement stage 6 and the deflection electrode in the electron beam column 2.
- the electron beam column 2 includes an electron gun, a condenser lens, a blanking electrode, an avatar, a deflection electrode, a focus lens, an objective lens, and the like. Under the control of the controller 3, the electron beam column 2 deflects the electron beam emitted from the electron gun via the condenser lens by the blanking electrode, and performs beam modulation according to the recorded information. In addition, by adjusting the irradiation position of the electron beam using the deflection electrode based on the position information of the moving stage 6 obtained from the length measuring device 12, More accurate recording position correction is possible.
- the focal length is controlled by the focus lens, the object lens is narrowed down narrowly, and the surface of the substrate 4 is irradiated. That is, under the control of the controller 3, on / off control of the electron beam, adjustment of the irradiation position of the electron beam, and focus control of the electron beam according to the height change detection information of the substrate 4 from the optical sensors 8 and 9 are performed. .
- a region on the substrate 4 is subjected to electron beam exposure by driving the spindle motor 5 and the moving stage 6 while irradiating the resist film surface of the substrate 4 with an electron beam.
- the resist film is exposed to the electron beam based on the recorded information, and a latent image of a fine concave / convex pattern such as a pit or a group is formed on the resist film by the trajectory of the electron beam spot.
- the factors that limit the resolution of the pattern shape are, as shown in Fig. 2, the effect of the forward scattered electrons in the resist of the primary electron beam incident on the resist to form the pattern, and the The effect of backscattered electrons is that returned electrons return to the resist again. In particular, the backscattered electrons have a significant effect on the resolution of the pattern shape.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to clarify the main factors for reducing the degree of backscattered electrons to the resist film, and to provide an electron beam recording substrate capable of improving the resolution of latent image drawing. Is an example.
- the electron beam recording substrate of the present invention is an electron beam recording substrate that carries a resist film on which information is recorded by an electron beam.
- the electron beam recording substrate has an average of electrons that travel inside due to irradiation of the electron beam from the resist film side. It is characterized by having a surface region made of a material whose free path is larger than a predetermined value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an electron beam recorder using a beam according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an electron beam recording substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an electron beam recording substrate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a configuration of a substrate 4 as an example of an electron beam recording substrate.
- the substrate 4 includes a substrate main body S and a resist film R carried on the substrate main body and on which information is recorded by an electron beam.
- the resist film R is applied by, for example, spin coating.
- the substrate body S includes a surface layer region 40 of a material in which the mean free path of electrons traveling inside by irradiation of the electron beam from the resist film R side is larger than a predetermined value.
- the inventor studied the scattering distribution of electrons inside the resist film and inside the substrate when the resist film on the substrate was irradiated with an electron beam. As a result, they found that the range affected by backscattering depends not only on the atomic number of the substrate material but also on the atomic weight and density.
- the incident electrons perform elastic or inelastic scattering with the nuclei of the atoms constituting the substrate, so that the width of the electron beam increases.
- elements that limit the resolution of a pattern shape include: There is the effect of the forward scattered electrons in the resist of the primary electron beam incident on the resist to form the evening and the backscattered electrons returning to the resist when the electrons reach the substrate. In particular, the influence of backscattered electrons on the resolution of the pattern shape is significant.
- the inventor believes that the backscattered electrons of the electron beam reaching the substrate are We believe that reducing the amount returned to the sub-beam exposure unit is a useful technique to improve the resolution of the pattern shape.
- the trajectories of electrons in the substrate were calculated by actual simulations, and it was confirmed that the scattering of electrons varies greatly depending on the energy of the electron beam, the atomic number of the solid, and the density.
- the total scattering area ⁇ is given by the following equation (2) in which the effect of inelastic scattering is considered by Murataeta 1 (1977-1).
- Z atomic number
- Q esu E
- kinetic energy of the electron e VZ300 (V: acceleration voltage)
- the screening parameter i3 is given by the following equation (3) by N i gam e ta 1 (1 595).
- the mean free path ⁇ of the distance the electron travels until it undergoes one scattering depends on the atomic number ⁇ , the atomic density ⁇ , the atomic weight ⁇ , and the accelerating voltage V.
- the relationship of the mean free path depending on the substrate material is proportional to the accelerating voltage and the atomic weight, and inversely proportional to the density and the atomic number.
- the mean free path ⁇ of a silicon substrate widely used as a substrate material is obtained.
- Silicon has an atomic number ( ⁇ ) of 14, an atomic weight ( ⁇ ) of 28.086, and a density ( ⁇ ) of 2.33 gZcm 3 . Substituting these parameters into equation (4) at an acceleration voltage of 50 kV. Then, the mean free path ⁇ is 92.359 ⁇ m as shown in the following equation (5).
- a ( Si) atomic weight
- p ( S i ) density
- Z ( S i) atomic number.
- the mean free path ⁇ when amorphous carbon is used as a substrate material is determined.
- Amorphous carbon substrates have a mean free path about 1.86 times longer than when silicon substrates are used.
- the exposure and the ratio using the silicon substrate In comparison, since the interval between collisions with the next substrate material molecule or atom becomes longer, the amount of backscattered electrons returning to the electron beam primary exposure area can be reduced, and the resolution of the exposure pattern shape can be improved. it can.
- the mean free path ⁇ in the case of diamond-structured carbon (density: 3.51) can be expressed by the following equation. (4), which is 74.52 nm, the mean free path is shorter than that of the silicon substrate.
- the effect of backscattering becomes large, simply coating the substrate material with a carbon thin film having a small atomic number, which is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- the material of the surface layer in contact with the resist film has a mean free path of electrons traveling inside by the irradiation of the electron beam from the resist film side. It can be seen that the material should be selected from the large materials.
- V acceleration voltage [Volt]
- a (x) average atomic weight
- p (x) density
- Z) atomic number.
- the mean free path ⁇ (Si) of electrons of the silicon substrate material is expressed by the following equation (7), as in the equation (4).
- V is the electron acceleration voltage [Volt].
- a ( x ) average atomic weight
- p (x) density [gZcm 3 ]
- z) average The atomic number
- an amorphous carbon substrate (density: 1.52 g Z cm 3 ) and a silicon substrate were prepared, and an electron beam resist was formed on each of them by spin coating to a thickness of 70 nm. The film was formed, and a line pattern was formed by electron beam recording. Thereafter, the same developing step using a developing solution was performed for both substrates, and the pattern shape was evaluated. '
- Tables 1 and 2 show the relationship between line spacing and line width, and the variation in line width, respectively.
- the line width variation p—p is the peak-to-peak distance.
- backscattering occurs randomly and causes variations in the formed line width.
- the substrate having a large influence of backscattering has a large variation in line width.
- the influence of backscattering becomes larger, and it is thought that the formed line width increases or decreases.
- the electron beam characteristics in the experiment were an acceleration voltage of 50 kV, a beam diameter of 55 nm (), and a beam current of 120 nA.
- the linear dose at the time of recording was 0.81 C / cm. table 1
- the surface layer was composed of a single material, and the value of mean free path was calculated based on the physical properties of various elements. Note that the electron acceleration voltage was 50 kV. Table 3 shows the results.
- elements such as fluorine are in a gaseous state at normal temperature and normal pressure. However, considering that these elements have a strong tendency to form ionic bonds with other elements when they form a solid, electrons of these elements are rare. Density based on the standard radius of ions in gas (closed shell) structure The degree value was determined and used. Further, as described above, since there are various possible forms of carbon, calculation results on the assumption that the density is the same as Si are added.
- the surface region is an element that gives a large mean free path to the Si substrate, namely, Li, Be, B, C, ⁇ , F, Na, Mg, Si, P, S, K, Ca , Rb.
- the surface layer is an element that gives a large mean free path to the Si substrate, that is, Li, Be, B, C, ⁇ , F, Na, Mg, Si, P, It is preferable to use a material containing at least one of S, K, Ca, and Rb in an amount of 50 wt% or more.
- the surface region is an element that gives a large mean free path to the Si substrate, that is, Li, Be, B, C, 0, F, Na, Mg, Si, P, S, K, Ca, R It is preferable to use a material containing at least two or more of b and containing 50 wt% or more of the total contained elements.
- the surface layer region 40 of the substrate may be formed by a thin film having a plurality of layers 40a and 40b as shown in FIG. 3 in addition to a single layer.
- the electron beam recording substrate can be entirely composed of only the same material as the material of the surface layer region.
- the manufacture of the optical disk substrate was described. According to the present invention, a substrate on which a pre-pattern (servo pattern) is formed concentrically is formed, and a magnetic recording layer is formed thereon. Magnetic disks and hard disks can be manufactured.
- the sequential exposure of the electron beam by the electron beam recorder Although light has been described, it can also be applied as batch exposure. That is, the present invention can be applied to a magnetic disk substrate manufactured using a substrate material satisfying the above conditions and an electron beam exposure device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004151280 | 2004-05-21 | ||
| JP2004-151280 | 2004-05-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005114332A1 true WO2005114332A1 (ja) | 2005-12-01 |
Family
ID=35428520
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/009489 Ceased WO2005114332A1 (ja) | 2004-05-21 | 2005-05-18 | 電子ビーム記録基板 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TW200603150A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005114332A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014023665A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Substrat pour lithographie electronique a haute resolution et procede de lithographie correspondant |
| WO2020232329A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Lam Research Corporation | Extreme ultraviolet (euv) lithography using an intervening layer or a multi-layer stack with varying mean free paths for secondary electron generation |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5568626A (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1980-05-23 | Chiyou Lsi Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | Pattern formation |
| JPS5745541A (en) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-03-15 | Toshiba Corp | Mask substrate device |
| JPH07169675A (ja) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-07-04 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | 電子線リソグラフィー用基板材料 |
| JP2004103733A (ja) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-04-02 | National Institute For Materials Science | リソグラフィ用基板材料 |
| JP2004119414A (ja) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電子線描画方法 |
| JP2004264415A (ja) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 電子ビーム記録基板 |
-
2005
- 2005-05-18 TW TW094116067A patent/TW200603150A/zh unknown
- 2005-05-18 WO PCT/JP2005/009489 patent/WO2005114332A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5568626A (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1980-05-23 | Chiyou Lsi Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | Pattern formation |
| JPS5745541A (en) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-03-15 | Toshiba Corp | Mask substrate device |
| JPH07169675A (ja) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-07-04 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | 電子線リソグラフィー用基板材料 |
| JP2004103733A (ja) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-04-02 | National Institute For Materials Science | リソグラフィ用基板材料 |
| JP2004119414A (ja) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電子線描画方法 |
| JP2004264415A (ja) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 電子ビーム記録基板 |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014023665A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Substrat pour lithographie electronique a haute resolution et procede de lithographie correspondant |
| FR2994489A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Substrat pour lithographie electronique a haute resolution et procede de lithographie correspondant |
| JP2015531169A (ja) * | 2012-08-08 | 2015-10-29 | コミサリヤ・ア・レネルジ・アトミク・エ・オ・エネルジ・アルテルナテイブ | 高解像度電子リソグラフィー用基板および対応するリソグラフィー方法 |
| WO2020232329A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Lam Research Corporation | Extreme ultraviolet (euv) lithography using an intervening layer or a multi-layer stack with varying mean free paths for secondary electron generation |
| KR20210156841A (ko) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-12-27 | 램 리써치 코포레이션 | 2 차 전자 생성을 위한 가변하는 평균 자유 경로들을 갖는 중간 층 또는 멀티-층 스택을 사용하는 EUV (extreme ultraviolet) 리소그래피 |
| CN113924528A (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-01-11 | 朗姆研究公司 | 使用具有用于二次电子生成的不同平均自由程的中间层或多层堆叠件的极紫外(euv)光刻 |
| TWI842899B (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2024-05-21 | 美商蘭姆研究公司 | 圖案化基板的方法 |
| CN113924528B (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2024-05-24 | 朗姆研究公司 | 使用具有用于二次电子生成的不同平均自由程的中间层或多层堆叠件的极紫外(euv)光刻 |
| KR102795783B1 (ko) | 2019-05-16 | 2025-04-11 | 램 리써치 코포레이션 | 2 차 전자 생성을 위한 가변하는 평균 자유 경로들을 갖는 중간 층 또는 멀티-층 스택을 사용하는 EUV (extreme ultraviolet) 리소그래피 |
| US12372872B2 (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2025-07-29 | Lam Research Corporation | Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography using an intervening layer or a multi-layer stack with varying mean free paths for secondary electron generation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW200603150A (en) | 2006-01-16 |
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