Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a suction strainer to remove entrained solids from the cooling liquid in a nuclear reactor, and more particularly, to a suction strainer of modular construction with a contoured surface configuration that reduces head loss across the strainer in the presence of liquids with entrained debris.
• a nuclear power plant typically includes an emergency core cooling system (ECCS) that circulates large quantities of cooling water to critical reactor areas in the event of accidents.
• a boiling water reactor BWR commonly draws water from one or more reservoirs, known as suppression pools, in the event of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). Water is pumped from the suppression pool to the reactor core and then circulated back to the suppression pool.
• LOCA loss of coolant accident
• a LOCA can involve failure of reactor components that introduce large quantities of solid matter into the cooling water, which entrains the solids and carries them back to the suppression pool. For example, if a LOCA results from the rupture of a high pressure pipe, quantities of thermal insulation, concrete, paint chips and other debris can be entrained in the cooling water.
• a pressurized water reactor (PWR) after a LOCA typically draws cooling water from a reactor water storage tank (RWST), and then after a signal, shuts off the flow from the RWST and recirculates this water through the reactor. That is, a PWR has a containment area that is dry until it is flooded by the occurrence of an accident, and the ECCS uses pump connected to a sump in the containment area to circulate the water through the reactor. Nevertheless, the water that is pumped in the event of a PWR accident will also usually contain entrained solids that typically includes insulation, paint chips, and particulates. In other words, in both types of reactor, cooling water is drawn from a reservoir and pumped to the reactor core, and entrained solids can impair cooling and damage the ECCS pumps if permitted to circulate with the water.
• RWST reactor water storage tank
• strainers are typically placed in the coolant flow path upstream of the pumps, usually by immersing them in the cooling water reservoir. It is critical that these strainers be able to remove unacceptably large solids without unduly retarding the flow of coolant; in other words, the pressure (head) loss across the strainer must be kept to a minimum. Strainers are commonly mounted to pipes that are part of the ECCS and that extend into the suppression pool (BWR) or sump (PWR), and the ECCS pumps draw water through the strainers and introduce it to the reactor core. There has been considerable effort expended on the design of sfrainers to decrease head loss across the strainer for the design coolant flow.
• BWR suppression pool
• PWR sump
• strainers typically include a series of stacked perforated hollow discs (BWRs) or flat perforated plates (PWRs) and a central core through which water is drawn by the ECCS pump.
• BWRs perforated hollow discs
• PWRs flat perforated plates
• the perforated discs prevent debris larger than a given size from passing the strainer perforations and reaching the pumps.
• An example of a particularly effective strainer design is the present inventors' U.S. Patent No. 5,759,399, which is assigned to the same assignee as the present invention and is incorporated herein by reference (as discussed in detail below).
• a strainer for an emergency core cooling system for a nuclear power plant comprises a strainer element for immersion in a reservoir of cooling water utilized by the emergency core cooling system, the strainer element having at least one major surface with perforations therethrough; and a suction opening operatively connected to an internal side of the major surface for drawing cooling water into the emergency core cooling system through the perforations from an external side of the major surface in contact with the cooling water, wherein at least a portion of the external side of the major surface includes a contoured configuration for disrupting the formation of a flat bed of material that can trap particulate material small enough to pass through the perforations.
• the contoured configuration according to this aspect of the invention can assume a variety of embodiments. It can comprise a wire mesh cloth covering the strainer element. It can also comprise a plurality of protrusions, which may be substantially uniform and raised above the external side of the major surface in a regular repeating pattern and may also be substantially hemispherical in cross section. The contoured configuration can further comprise a plurality of substantially uniform depressions alternating in the pattern with the protrusions, which depressions are substantially hemispherical. Yet another embodiment of the contoured configuration comprises a plurality of substantially similar corrugations in the strainer element.
• a modular strainer comprises a plurality of hollow strainer discs disposed in a stack along an axis with a major surface of one disc facing a major surface of an adjacent disc, each disc including a first disc part with perforations therethrough and having an opening and a second disc part with perforations therethrough and having an opening, wherein the first and second disc parts fit together to form an interior space with facing perforated major surfaces and an opening formed at the axis by the openings in the disc parts, a plurality of connecting tubes placing the openings of the discs in fluid communication, at least one structural member securing the strainer discs together and holding the connecting tubes in place between the sfrainer discs, and a pipe in fluid communication with the opening of the strainer disc at one end of the stack.
• the axis is centrally located in the discs.
• each strainer disc can include a core flow regulator extending between the first and second disc parts for regulating fluid flow from the interior space to an axis of the sfrainer.
• the core flow regulator may comprise a tubular core boss secured in the openings of the disc parts and having at least one aperture placing the interior space in fluid communication with a strainer core formed by the tubular core bosses and connecting tubes.
• the aperture is smaller in the core boss in sfrainer discs further from the one end of the stack than in an adjacent strainer disc closer to the one end of the stack.
• the axis can also be located generally in the center of the discs.
• a modular strainer in accordance with this aspect of the invention may further incorporate the first aspect of the invention, wherein the facing major surfaces of adjacent discs essentially comprise sfrainer elements with contoured configurations as discussed above.
• FIGURE 1 is a schematic side view of a completed modular ECCS strainer having a contoured surface in accordance with an embodiment of the invention that reduces head loss across the sfrainer in the presence of fibrous and paniculate materials in the ECCS flow.
• FIGURE 2 is an exploded side view of a portion of an ECCS strainer such as that shown in FIGURE 1, constructed as a modular unit in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
• FIGURE 3 is a schematic plan view of a portion of a sfrainer with a contoured surface in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention.
• FIGURE 4 depicts a section taken at line 4-4 of the strainer in FIGURE 3.
• FIGURE 5 is a cross section of a contoured surface in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention.
• FIGURE 6, comprising FIGURES 6A and 6B, is a exploded perspective view of a two-part modular strainer disc according to another aspect of the invention.
• FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of part of a pressure water reactor containment area with sfrainers according to the present invention.
• FIGURE 8 is a schematic illustration of a test set up used to perform tests on a working example of the present invention.
• FIGURES 1 and 2 schematically illustrate a stacked-disc ECCS strainer 10 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• the strainer shown in FIGURE 1 includes a series of hollow discs 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d , 12e, 12f, 12g and 12h with their major surfaces in mutually facing relationship.
• the disc configuration and construction is described in detail below in connection with FIGURE 3, but suffice it to say here that each disc 12 has central opening that is in placed in fluid communication with the central opening of an adjacent disc through one of a plurality of connecting tubes 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f and 14g.
• the discs 12 and the tubes 14 have perforated walls in accordance with conventional strainer design.
• the disc and connecting tube surfaces are perforated with openings large enough to permit the passage of fluid but small enough to strain paniculate material with diameters less than the design specification of the sfrainer.
• the perforations are on the order of 1/8 in. across, although in some instances they can be as small as 0.04 to 0.08 in., and are circular for ease of fabrication.
• the construction of the strainer 10 is unique, the general principles underlying its operation are the same as those set forth in the discussion regarding the general operation and application of nuclear reactor suction strainers in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 5,759,399, which discussion is incorporated by reference herein as if set out in full.
• FIGURE 2 illustrates in more detail the modular nature of the design of the strainer 10 of this embodiment of the invention.
• each disc 12 is essentially self-contained and has a tubular core boss 16 extending through the disc.
• the plural hollow discs 12 are assembled with the external sides of their major surfaces 18 in mutually facing relationship.
• the ends 20 of each core boss 16 protrude from the opposite major faces of each disc 12.
• the connecting tube 14 between each pair of discs 12 fits snugly over the protruding ends 20 of the facing core bosses in the adjacent discs.
• the present embodiment contemplates using tie rods that are threaded at their ends and, as the fasteners 22, nuts that are screwed down tightly against the outside surfaces of the end discs 12a and 12h to hold all of the discs 12 and connecting tubes 14 in place by compression.
• spacers between the discs 12 may be necessary to support the compressive forces exerted by the fasteners. These spacers may take any form, but conveniently they are tubes that fit over the tie rods between the discs 12 to positively establish a predetermined inter-disc spacing and prevent the discs from deforming under the compressive forces applied by the fasteners 22.
• the assembly can also include optional stiffener beams 26, shown in phantom in FIGURE 1, to impart further rigidity to the assembly.
• the stiffener beams will be typically welded to the discs' peripheral surfaces, but other means of fastening can be used in accordance with the requirements of a particular application.
• the strainer 10 further includes a suction pipe 28 welded to the protruding end of the core boss (not shown) extending through the disc 12h.
• a flange 30 on the pipe 28 attaches to a cooperating flange on a pipe (not shown) leading to an ECCS pump, as described in U.S. Patent No.
• the pipe 28 serves as a suction opening operatively connected to the interior of the immersed hollow strainer discs to draw cooling water external to the discs through the strainer perforations and into the ECCS.
• the core boss extending through the surface 12a ⁇ can b ⁇ closed by a plate (not shown) perforated with holes having the same size and pattern as the perforations in the remainder of the surface of the disc 12a.
• a nuclear reactor strainer must filter debris that can cause a very high head loss when captured by the strainer.
• the debris entrained in the ECCS flow typically contains large amounts of fibrous debris (from insulation destroyed in the course of the reactor accident) and also a range of sizes of particulates from other sources (paint chips, other insulation, oxide particles, etc.).
• the strainer perforations are sized to prohibit the passage of large material, although sufficiently small particulate material may pass through the sfrainer.
• fibrous debris beds trap particulates that would otherwise pass through the strainer. For some debris compositions, particles that are small enough to pass through the strainer perforations can be trapped by a thin layer of the fibrous debris that forms on the strainer surfaces.
• the sfrainer becomes effectively coated with a thin layer of fibers that trap particulates, and the fiber with the trapped particulates prevents water from passing through this debris bed.
• This thin fibrous/particulate debris bed has a very high head loss (that is, it is very resistant to flow through it), since the characteristic area of the openings in the debris bed become extremely small.
• Known ECCS strainers all use flat perforated plates as strainer elements, as shown in prior art such as U.S. Patent No. 5,696,801 and U.S. Patent No. 5,935,499.
• the sfrainer 10 incorporates a feature to alleviate that problem.
• the major surface of each sfrainer disc 12 in the strainer 10 is contoured.
• the purpose of this contoured surface is to prevent fibrous debris from laying flat on the strainer surfaces, thereby to disrupt the formation of a flat bed of fibrous material that can trap small particulates and reduce the resulting severe head loss in flat plate strainers.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates a preferred manner of contouring the sfrainer surfaces.
• a screen mesh 32 is attached to the major surface of each disc 12.
• the screen mesh 32 is a woven wire mesh cloth similar in construction to a window screen (although the screen mesh used with a strainer in a nuclear reactor is typically made of wire thicker than that used in a window screen with a coarser weave).
• the wire mesh cloth 32 is attached to the sfrainer discs 12 using suitable fasteners, such as rivets (not shown), at locations spaced around the disc surfaces.
• the wire mesh cloth can also be spot welded as needed to provide a secure attachment to the strainer disc surfaces.
• the wire mesh cloth can be bent around the discs, and/or spaced from the disc surface by spacers distributed on the disc surface. A possible configuration in that regard would hold the wire mesh cloth about 0.25 in. from the disc surface.
• the exact dimensions of the screen mesh 32 for a particular application can be determined empirically depending on the type of debris expected to be encountered in the reactor installation incorporating the strainer 10.
• the general dimensions of a wire mesh cloth in accordance with this aspect of the invention are suggested by head loss tests run with a wire mesh cloth made from 0.135 in. diameter wire having mesh openings 1/4 in. square and a wire mesh cloth with 0.120 in. diameter wire with mesh openings 3/8 in. square.
• wire mesh cloth having thicker wire and smaller mesh openings tended to exhibit less head loss than wire mesh cloth with larger openings.
• types and relative amounts of different debris components may be determined by testing using simulated operating conditions and debris compositions expected to be encountered in actual operation. An exemplary protocol for such testing is discussed below in connection with a specific working example of the invention. (Those tests are slightly different from the tests referred to just above, in which the pressure across an sample sfrainer element was provided by a 16 ft. high column of water in a 6 in. diameter round pipe.)
• FIGURES 3 and 4 illustrate a contoured strainer surface according to an alternate embodiment of the invention.
• FIGURE 3 depicts in plan view a portion of a sfrainer surface 12', such as a major surface of one of the discs 12 of the strainer 10. Being drawn to a larger scale than FIGURES 1 and 2, FIGURE 3 shows more clearly the perforations 40 in the sfrainer surface. (It will be understood that the surfaces of the discs 12 and the connecting tubes 14 are both perforated in this same manner, as suggested more schematically in FIGURES 1 and 2.)
• the surface treatment in FIGURE 3 comprises a plurality of protrusions 42 that project from the surface of the disc against the direction of flow F through the sfrainer.
• the protrusions 42 are circular in planform, with a diameter D. Circular protrusions are easy to manufacture because they can be stamped with a suitable machine tool into a flat plate of an appropriate thickness t, which is typically the same dimension as the hole diameter, to form a strainer surface such as that depicted in FIGURE 3. It is preferable that the tooling simultaneously form the perforations and the dimples, since punching the perforations and then dimpling the plate will likely deform the perforations, the diameters of which must be maintained within given tolerances.
• the protrusions 42 are generally hemispherical in cross section with a height A (the diameter of the hemisphere, or approximately D), with adjacent protrusions along a line being spaced at a pitch P.
• FIGURE 5 illustrates another contoured surface configuration that was tested and found to reduce the head loss across the sfrainer.
• FIGURE 5 is a cross section of a corrugated disc 12" with a pitch P measured from peak to peak between corrugations.
• a corrugated disc can be stamped from a flat blank using a suitable machine tool.
• each corrugation is A.
• the tests on this particular corrugated strainer element also showed that debris beds on the order of 10 mm thick, or five times thicker than the debris beds for a strainer with flat perforated strainer plates, permitted water to pass easily through the corrugated plates.
• the exact corrugation configuration will have to be determined by testing under simulated operating conditions and debris compositions.
• contoured surface embodiments prevent entrained fibrous material, that is, material comprising thread-like fibers, from laying flat on the strainer surface. While not wishing to be limited to any particular theory for why the present invention with a contoured sfrainer surface reduces head loss as compared to a flat surface, it is believed that preventing the fibers from laying flat on those portions of the strainer surface with perforations forces openings between the fibers to remain sufficiently large to prevent trapping of very small particulates.
• the surface contours of the embodiments depicted in the above figures all satisfy that criterion, in that they disrupt the formation of a flat bed of fibrous material.
• FIGURE 6, is an exploded view of one of the modular discs 12 incorporated into the strainer 10.
• the disc 12 comprises a first part 50 with perforations on all of its surfaces.
• the first disc part 50 seen in FIGURE 6A, has a major surface 50j and flanges 52, 54, 56 and 58 that are integral with the major surface 50 ⁇ .
• the disc 12 is stamped from a generally rectangular perforated blank with the corners cut out so that when the periphery of the blank is bent up to form the flanges 52, 54, 56 and 58, they form seams where their edges meet.
• the first disc part 50 also includes support spacers 76, 78, 80 and 82. These spacers comprise small studs welded to the inside of the major surface 50 1 for a purpose described below.
• the core boss 16 is also welded into an opening 84 in the major surface. As described above in connection with FIGURE 2, the core boss 16 protrudes slightly beyond the outside of the surface 50 ⁇ .
• the core boss 16 includes a slot 86, also for a purpose described below in connection with the operation of the strainer 10.
• the disc 12 also includes a second disc part 90, seen in FIGURE 6B, which can be conveniently fabricated in the same manner as the first disc part 50.
• the second disc part 90 is almost identical to the first disc part body.
• the main difference, other than omission of the bosses 68, 70, 72 and 74, and the studs 76, 78, 80 and 82, is that the second disc part 90 is slightly larger than the first disc part 50, so that the flanges of the second disc part (only flanges 92 and 94 are seen in the drawing) fit snugly over the flanges 52, 54, 56 and 58 of the first part.
• the perforations in the overlapping flanges may not line up exactly, this does not impair strainer performance because the edges of the discs formed by the flanges comprise a very small percentage of the total surface area of the strainer.
• the flanges are not perforated, since that may facilitate fabrication of the disc parts.
• Tie-rod openings 96, 98, 100 and 102 at the corners of the major surface 90 ⁇ of the second disc part 90 mate with the tie-rod bosses 68, 70, 72 and 74, and the core boss 16 passes through an opening 104 in the major surface 90 1 .
• the edges of the flanges 52, 54, 56 and 58 bear against the inside of the surface 90 ⁇ to establish the distance between the surfaces 50 ⁇ and 90j.
• the ends of the studs 76, 78, 80 and 80 also bear against the inside of the surface 90 1 to maintain that distance constant when there is a pressure differential between the inside and outside of the disc during operation.
• edges and studs, and the core boss 16 are dimensioned so that when the two disc parts 50 and 90 are assembled, the proximal end of the core boss passes through the opening 104 and protrudes slightly beyond the outside of the surface 90 1 , as described above in connection with FIGURE 2.
• the disc parts 50 and 90 are secured together by welding the core boss 16 to the peripheral edge of the opening 104. It is generally unnecessary to further secure the two disc parts 50 and 90 together, because the tension placed on the through rods 24 secures the discs together at their peripheries.
• the advantages of this modular construction will be immediately apparent.
• the discs 12 can readily be made in a variety of configurations to fit different applications.
• the major surfaces of the disc parts 50 and 90 are rectangular, they can easily be made trapezoidal to fit into the space available in the nuclear reactor where the strainer will be installed.
• the discs can, in fact, be any desired shape, whether polygonal or not or whether regular or not, and can be assembled into a sfrainer.
• the fabrication techniques described above in connection with FIGURE 6 are exemplary only. Other forming methods and fastening techniques can be employed to provide a modular strainer in accordance with the present invention.
• the flanges of the disc part 90 can fit inside the flanges of the disc part 50 (although the tie-rod bosses in that case must be slightly spaced from the disc part 50 flanges).
• this strainer construction permits incorporation of the advantages of the strainer described in U.S. Patent No. 5,759,399. That is, the strainer design described in that patent tailors the size and shape of the strainer discs and central core to distribute the flow through the strainer.
• the present invention provides a fabrication approach that facilitates tailoring the sfrainer disc sizes and shapes, while also regulating the core flow through the sfrainer. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the strainer described herein functions in accordance with the general operational principles discussed in U.S. Patent No.
• the slot 86 in each core boss 16 provides an aperture that acts as a core flow regulator in accordance with the discussion in U.S. Patent No. 5,759,399. That patent describes a technique for regulating the core flow by changing the diameter of the central core along the sfrainer axis. By changing the size of the aperture from disc to disc, the core flow regulation discussed in that patent is achieved. In line with that discussion, in the present embodiment the slots 86 will get progressively larger for discs 12 more distant from the strainer outlet at the pipe 28 (see FIGURE 1).
• the width (circumferential extent) of the slot in the disc 12h will be larger than the width of the slot in the disc 12g
• the width of the slot in the disc 12g will be larger than the width of the slot in disc 12f, etc.
• flow regulation structure other than a slot in a core boss can be used for this function.
• plural slots or discrete holes can be used, and instead of changing the size of a single slot, greater numbers of slots or holes can be used from disc to disc.
• the core boss is a circular cylinder, but it can also have other cross sectional shapes and still function to regulate the flow from the disc's interior space into the strainer core at the central axis.
• the core boss can be elliptical, square, rectangular, or any regular or irregular shape (polygonal or not), depending on the demands of the strainer installation. Nor do all of the core tubes or discs have to be the same shape. It will also be appreciated that the modular construction described herein will facilitate fabrication of stacked disc strainers with varying size discs, as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,759,399. All of the features and operational characteristics described in that patent and mentioned in this description are incorporated by reference as if described in full herein.
• FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of part of a PWR containment area 100.
• the normally dry containment area floods with water, which thus forms a reservoir from which water is drawn to cool the reactor core.
• a plurality of strainers 10a, 10b, 10c, lOd, lOe, lOf, lOg, lOh, lOi, 10J, 10k, 101, 10m, lOn, lOo and lOp are disposed in the containment area behind a shield wall 102.
• the strainers are connected by pipes 104, 106, 108 and 110 to ECCS pumps (not shown) below the floor 112 of the containment area.
• the sfrainers 10a, 10b, 10c, lOd and lOe are connected in series to the pipe 104.
• the strainers lOf, lOg and lOh are connected in series to the pipe 106; the strainers lOi, 10J and 10k are connected in series to the pipe 108, and the end discs of the sfrainers lOh and lOi are connected by the pipe; and the strainers 101, 10m, lOn, lOo and lOp are connected in series to the pipe 110.
• the end discs 12a of the strainers 10b, 10c, 10d and lOe will have core tubes configured to accept a pipe similar to the suction pipe 28 attached to the disc 12h shown in FIGURE 1. This is the case for all of the strainers connected to pipes at both ends of the strainer, and this design variation from one sfrainer to the next is readily incorporated because of the strainer's modular design.
• FIGURE 7 shows different size strainers at different locations in the containment area depending on the size constraints at a particular location. For example, the sfrainer lOh is shorter than other strainers because the reactor design specifications call for it to fit into a smaller envelope.
• the discs comprising the strainers need not be rectangular shape as shown in FIGURE 6, as illustrated by the trapezoidal discs shown in FIGURE 7.
• the containment area 100 of the PWR shown in FIGURE 7 floods in the event of a LOCA, thus forming a cooling water reservoir.
• the ECCS pumps apply suction to the pipes 104, 106, 108 and 110, which in turn draw water from the containment area through the strainers 10.
• the water in the containment area 110 will normally be filled with debris in the form of fibrous elements from destroyed insulation, fine particulate matter and other debris such as paint chips.
• the core flow in the sfrainers is regulated to distribute the debris over the surface area of the individual sfrainers by the action of the flow regulating slots 86 therein.
• the head loss through the sfrainers is greatly reduced in order to provide adequate coolant flow.
• FIGURE 8 schematically illusfrates a test set up 200 that validates the concepts underlying the contoured strainer surface aspect of the present invention, and suggests a test protocol for determining the parameters of a contoured surface in accordance with the present invention for a given reactor application.
• a tank 202 simulates a reactor coolant reservoir. In the tests, materials simulating the debris encountered in a LOCA were infroduced into the tank 202.
• An electrically powered propeller functions as a stirrer 204 to maintain the test debris in suspension in the test liquid in the tank 202.
• a pump array 206 simulating a reactor ECCS pump, draws water through a test strainer rig TS and circulates it back to the tank 202 through an adjustable control valve 208 that enables regulation of the fluid flow rate.
• the control valve outlet is infroduced into a generally cylindrical baffle 209 at the bottom of the tank to inhibit the establishment of a flow pattern between the valve outlet in the tank 202 and the test strainer rig TS.
• instrumentation includes a Rosemount 1151 DP differential pressure transducer 210 connected to a Sensotec GMA display 212. The display provides a voltage signal, indicative of the pressure differential sensed by the pressure transducer, to a Dataq DI-220 12-bit analog-to- digital converter 214.
• the resulting digital signal is introduced to a data acquisition program stored on a computer (not shown).
• the tank 202 is approximately 7 ft. in diameter and 30 in. deep.
• the pump array includes three Hayward® pumps, each having a maximum flow rate of approximately 100 gallons per minute.
• the test strainer rig TS comprised two semicircular hollow discs 302, 304 with their major surfaces parallel to each other. (The disc 304 is beneath the disc 302 and in fact cannot be seen in FIGURE 8.)
• the facing major surfaces of the discs are perforated to simulate the perforated surfaces of a nuclear reactor sfrainer, such as the strainer 10 shown above in FIGURE 1.
• the discs are mounted with a 56 mm gap between their parallel facing surfaces.
• the discs have an outside diameter of 3 ft. and a central semicircular cutout with a diameter of 10.75 in.
• a suction pipe 305 is placed in communication with the hollow interiors of both discs, with flow being permitted to enter the core tube at the gap between the discs 302 and 304 through perforations as discussed above with reference to connecting tubes 14.
• the three pumps of the pump array 206 are connected to a pipe (not shown) communicating with the pipe 305 to draw water from the tank 202, into the hollow interiors of the discs 302 and 304, and into the pipe 305.
• the non-facing major surfaces of the discs are solid (that is, not perforated) to force fluid to flow into the gap between the discs, through the perforations, and into the suction pipe, thus simulating the flow between facing perforated disc surfaces in a strainer installed in a reactor.
• the high pressure end of the pressure transducer 210 is attached to the tank wall, and the low pressure end is located to sense the pressure in the pipe connected to the pipe 305, so that the pressure differential signal from the pressure transducer represents the pressure drop across the perforated discs.
• the water was at room temperature.
• the tank was filled to a depth of 27 inches and a mixture of mineral wool and calcium silicate insulation was tested in a mass ratio of 1.3 calcium silicate to mineral wool.
• a simulated debris load was prepared in accordance with procedures established by the Boiling Water Reactor Owners Group in which the mineral wool was shredded using a leaf shredder and the calcium silicate was ground by hand into a fine powder of small particulates. All the debris was soaked to ensure it could be entrained into the strainer. Testing was conducted to compare the performance of a perforated plate with protrusions to that of a flat perforated plate with different amounts of debris on the sfrainer.

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• 2005
  • 2005-05-03 WO PCT/US2005/015178 patent/WO2005113108A1/en not_active Ceased
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