WO2005107081A1 - 再送制御方法および通信装置 - Google Patents
再送制御方法および通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005107081A1 WO2005107081A1 PCT/JP2004/006137 JP2004006137W WO2005107081A1 WO 2005107081 A1 WO2005107081 A1 WO 2005107081A1 JP 2004006137 W JP2004006137 W JP 2004006137W WO 2005107081 A1 WO2005107081 A1 WO 2005107081A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
- H03M13/1102—Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
- H03M13/1148—Structural properties of the code parity-check or generator matrix
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
- H03M13/1102—Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
- H03M13/1148—Structural properties of the code parity-check or generator matrix
- H03M13/1151—Algebraically constructed LDPC codes, e.g. LDPC codes derived from Euclidean geometries [EG-LDPC codes]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
- H03M13/6306—Error control coding in combination with Automatic Repeat reQuest [ARQ] and diversity transmission, e.g. coding schemes for the multiple transmission of the same information or the transmission of incremental redundancy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
- H03M13/635—Error control coding in combination with rate matching
- H03M13/6362—Error control coding in combination with rate matching by puncturing
- H03M13/6368—Error control coding in combination with rate matching by puncturing using rate compatible puncturing or complementary puncturing
- H03M13/6393—Rate compatible low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0057—Block codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
- H04L1/1819—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] with retransmission of additional or different redundancy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a retransmission control method that can be realized by a system using a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code as an error correction code, and a retransmission control method.
- LDPC low-density parity-check
- the present invention relates to a retransmission control method and a communication device in a case where an LDPC code is applied to a Type-e HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQues letter t).
- a Type-e HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQues letter t
- error control includes error correction coding (FEC: Forward Error Correction) and automatic retransmission request (ARQ: Au tomatic Repeat reQuest).
- FEC Forward Error Correction
- ARQ automatic retransmission request
- the HARQ method there are a Ty e-I type HARQ in which the retransmission bucket is the same as the original packet, and a Ty e- ⁇ type HARQ in which the retransmission bucket is different from the original packet.
- the Type-Q HARQ basically transmits information bits at the time of initial transmission and transmits parity bits for error correction at the time of retransmission.
- the Type-Q HARQ described above is used. Will be described as an example when applied to a system using turbo codes (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- the redundant bits (parity bits) after the coding are thinned out based on a predetermined erasure rule and transmitted.
- the communication device on the receiving side performs code synthesis on the received packet at the time of the initial transmission and the retransmitted packet stored in the reception buffer, and performs decoding processing at a smaller! / ⁇ coding rate according to the number of retransmissions.
- Type— ⁇ -type HA RQ realizes error-free transmission by repeating such a series of processing until no error is detected, and further improves reception characteristics by improving coding gain. I'm trying.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and has an object to provide a retransmission control method and a communication apparatus capable of stably performing characteristics and always obtaining the original performance of an error correction code in a Type- ⁇ HARQ. It is intended to provide. Disclosure of the invention
- the low-density parity This is a retransmission control method of a communication device on the transmission side that employs a check (LDPC) code, transmits a codeword after encoding at a predetermined coding rate at an initial transmission, and transmits additional parity at a retransmission.
- a parity check matrix at the time of initial transmission optimized at a specific coding rate and a parity check matrix at the time of retransmission optimized stepwise while lowering the coding rate (the number of retransmissions is arbitrary.
- a codeword is generated using the shape generator matrix and fixed-length information (m).
- a codeword generating and transmitting step to be transmitted and, when NAK is received from a communication device on the receiving side, a code level one step lower than a current coding rate generated in the parity check matrix generating step.
- an LDPC code having an excellent characteristic “I” very close to the Shannon limit is applied as an error correction code when adopting Type— T type HARQ.
- a pre-generated parity check matrix corresponding to a code rate lower than the coding rate at the time of the first transmission or the previous retransmission is generated, and a generation matrix at the time of retransmission is generated. In this case, only the additional parity is transmitted.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a retransmission control method (processing of a communication device on a transmission side) according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a retransmission control method (processing of a communication device on a reception side) according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the LDPC encoding / decoding system.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing processing of T y P e — ⁇ type HAR Q
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a parity check matrix H R (U. 6 diagram is a flow one chart showing the configuration method based on Yukuritsu de geometry codes "I rregu 1 ar- LDPC codes", FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows the Matrix scan of Euclid geometric codes EG (2, 2 2)
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the matrix after rearrangement
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the order distribution after the optimization calculation
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the order distribution after the adjustment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a parity check matrix H R0
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an order distribution obtained as a result of the optimization calculation.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an additional matrix A R (2 )
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a parity check matrix H R (a )
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an additional matrix A R (1 ).
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a parity check matrix HR (1 )
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing conditions for generating a generator matrix G R (L) .
- FIG. Fig. 20 is a diagram showing a generation process of a generator matrix G RW of the irreducible standard form at the time.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the generation process of the irreducible standard form generator matrix GR) at the time of retransmission. The figure shows the codeword at the time of retransmission.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are flowcharts showing a retransmission control method according to the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 1 shows a process of a communication device on a transmission side, and FIG. 2 shows a communication device on a reception side. Is shown.
- a description will be given of a retransmission control method in the case where, for example, an LDPC code having excellent characteristics extremely close to the Shannon limit is applied as an error correction code when T ype—I [type HAR Q is adopted.
- the parity check matrix H R (U for the LDPC code in the present embodiment may be generated in the communication device in accordance with the set parameters, for example, or may be generated in another control device outside the communication device. (Such as a computer).
- the generated parity check matrix H R (u is stored in the communication device.
- the parity check matrix in the communication device The case where H R (U is generated will be described.
- R (L) represents a coding rate
- L l, 2, 3,..., max (0 ⁇ R (1) ⁇ R (1 )
- R (max) 1
- R (max) means unsigned.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an LDPC encoding / decoding system.
- the communication device on the transmission side has a configuration including an encoder 101, a modulator 102, and a retransmission control unit 103, and the communication device on the reception side includes a demodulator 104, a decoder 105, and a retransmission control unit 106.
- a parity check matrix HR for an LDPC code corresponding to a desired coding ratio is obtained by a method of constructing a parity check matrix according to the present embodiment described later.
- D HRW is generated, and, for example, at the time of initial transmission (coding rate: R (L)), a generator matrix G R is obtained based on the following conditions.
- the encoder 101 receives the message (1 ⁇ , m 2 ,..., Mn _ k ) having the information length n ⁇ k, and uses the generator matrix G R ) to generate a code word C R ( L ).
- the demodulator 104 performs digital signal demodulation such as BPSK, QPSK, and multi-level QAM on the modulated signal received via the communication path 107, and furthermore, 105 decoders and LDs For the PC-encoded demodulation result, “s um—pr
- Parity check matrix H R (nxk matrix) for the parity check matrix for LDPC codes ⁇ ⁇ at the time of retransmission, re-retransmission,... while reducing the coding rate (fixed information length).
- Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of equation (1). ... (1)
- parity check matrix H R (L ) and The parity check matrices H R (L + 1) are both full rank (linearly independent).
- the degree distribution of the parity check matrix H R (L ) is calculated as follows.
- GAP R (U is the difference between the SNR of the iterative threshold of the parity check matrix H R (L ) estimated by the Gaussian approximation method and the Shannon limit expressed in dB.
- the parity check matrix H R that minimizes the above equation (2) can be determined by, for example, the following equation (3), ie, Gaussian noise ⁇ ⁇ (R (L)) (X, R (L)), P (x, R (L)) Searching for (3)
- equation (3) ie, Gaussian noise ⁇ ⁇ (R (L)) (X, R (L)), P (x, R (L)) Searching for (3)
- the following formulas (4) and ( Equations 5), (6), and (7) show max.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ , R (L)) is a function for generating the degree distribution of the columns of the parity check matrix H R (L )
- p , R (L)) is a parity check matrix H R (a function generating the order distribution of the rows of U.
- n v (i, R (L)) is a parity check matrix H R ( a column of order i of U )
- N c (i, R (L)) represents the number of rows of order i of the parity check matrix H R (L ).
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a configuration method of “Irregu 1 ar—LDPC code” based on Euclidean geometric code.
- the encoder 101 determines the information length and the coding rate (FIG. 6, step S21).
- R (2) 0.5
- R (1) 0.375.
- a basic matrix A which is a base of a parity check matrix for “Irregu 1 ar—LDPC code”.
- the weight distribution of the first row of the Euclidean geometric code EG (2, 25 ) is appropriately set to “1” so as to suppress a small number of cycles such as “cycle 4” and “cycle 6”. Thin out.
- the weight distribution after thinning is, for example, Become like
- the weight distribution in the first row of each basic matrix is determined based on the weight distribution after thinning (the position of the above “1” is individually assigned), and the weight distribution is cyclically shifted.
- the weight distribution in the first row of each basic matrix is determined, for example, as follows.
- the encoder 101 rearranges each of the basic matrices according to the following procedure so that the position of “1” in the column is as high as possible in the column (step S23).
- this sorting procedure is generally expressed, it can be expressed as the following equation (8).
- the polynomial (X w) + X (w2-i) +) in equation (8) is an equation expressing the first row of each elementary matrix. For example, if the position of the weight of the elementary matrix is ⁇ 1 79... 40 ⁇ , then ⁇ + +++... ⁇ .
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a matrix of the Euclidean geometry codes EG (2, 2 2) (Blank represents 0)
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the reordering example after the matrix.
- the generator function ( ⁇ , R (3)) and p ( x , R (3)) that maximize the Gaussian noise ⁇ ⁇ (R (3)) are searched.
- the above equations (4), (5) and (6) are constraints.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the order distribution after the optimization calculation.
- the number of row divisions ZR (3) is obtained using the average of p.
- the number of rows of the shortened matrix is obtained using the number of divisions of the rows.
- Number of rows in shortened matrix code length X (1-R (3)) / number of divided rows.... (10)
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the adjusted order distribution.
- Parity check matrix H R (3.
- the columns are rearranged so that the weights of the columns of the divided parity check matrix ⁇ ⁇ ′ are in ascending order, and the rearranged matrix is referred to as a parity check matrix H R (3
- Figure 11 shows the parity check matrix H R (3 ).
- FIG. 1000 rows with weight "7”, 1000 rows with weight "8", 279 columns with weight "2", 4686 columns with weight "3", and columns with weight "4" Becomes 96 rows. '
- shortening matrix division processing (including the division processing described later) in the present embodiment is not performed regularly but by randomly extracting “1” from each row or each column (random division). ). This extraction processing may use any method as long as the randomness is maintained.
- the processing optical calculation for finding the parity check matrix H R (2) and the additional matrix A R (2) shown in the following equation (1 1) (step S 25).
- step S 25 Only a process different from the process of obtaining the parity check matrix H R (3) will be described.
- the encoder 101 searches for a generation function (X, R (2)) and ⁇ (X, R (2)) that maximize the Gaussian noise ⁇ ⁇ (R (2)).
- equation (7) is the constraint. Therefore, for example, the constraint conditions of the order 2, the order 3, and the order 4. in the parity check matrix H R (2> are, respectively, Eqs. (12), (13), and (14).
- the constraint condition is that the maximum order of the column of the parity check matrix H K (3 ⁇ 4 satisfies the following equation (15).
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an order distribution obtained as a result of the above-mentioned optimization calculation.
- the number of row divisions Z Rte ) is obtained using the average of p.
- Number of rows in shortened matrix code length X (1— R (3)) Z number of rows
- the columns are rearranged so that the weights of the columns of the provisional additional matrix A R (2 ) ′ after the division are in ascending order, and the rearranged matrix is replaced with a formal additional matrix A R (2 ) ((n + t 1) Xt1 matrix).
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an additional matrix AR (2 ).
- a 0 matrix of t 1 X k (a 0 matrix of 1000 columns ⁇ 2000 rows) is located on the right side of the parity check matrix H R (3 ) of n X k generated earlier.
- the additional matrix A R (2) of (n + t1) Xt1 generated above was placed below the (n + tl) Xk matrix after adding the (n + tl) Xk matrix.
- Generate a parity check matrix H R (2 ) (a matrix of 6000 columns and 3000 rows) of X (k + t 1).
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a parity check matrix H R (2 ).
- This process is performed in the same procedure as the process for obtaining the parity check matrix H R (2) .
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a specific example of the additional matrix ⁇ .
- the 0 matrix of t 2 X (k + tl) is written on the right side of the parity check matrix H R (2) of (n + tl) X (k + tl) generated earlier. (2000 matrix X 3000 rows 0 matrix) is added, and further, after adding 0 matrix, (n + t 1 + t 2) X (k + tl) at the bottom of the matrix (n + t l + t generated above) 2) Parity check matrix H R (1 ) of (n + t l + t 2) X (k + t 1 + t 2) with additional matrix A R (2) of X t 2 (8000 columns x 5000 rows) Is generated.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a specific example of the parity check matrix H R (1 ).
- the parity check matrix H R (3> , H R (2) and H R (1) can be generated.
- the Euclidean geometric code is used as a basic code (basic matrix).
- the present invention is not limited to this. As long as the matrix satisfies the condition that the number is 6 or more, a matrix other than a Euclidean geometric code (such as a basic matrix based on a Cay 1 ey graph or a basic matrix based on a Ramanujan graph) may be used.
- the parity check matrix at the time of the first transmission is H R ), and the parity check matrix at the time of retransmission is H Ra — u , H R (L. 2) , H R (L. 3) , H R. 4) > The processing in the case of ... will be described.
- the parity check matrix H R (U is full rank (linearly independent), so it is always possible to generate an irreducible standard form check matrix H R) sys , where P is a check symbol generation matrix and I is an identity matrix.
- m m 1; m 2) -, m n — k .
- the modulator 102 performs digital modulation such as BPSK, QPSK, and multi-level QAM on the generated codeword C R ( (Step S2).
- the communication device on the receiving side performs digital demodulation such as BPSK, QPSK, and multi-level QAM on the modulated signal received via the demodulator 104 and the communication path 107, and furthermore, the decoder 105 Then, the demodulated result of the LDPC encoding is subjected to the reverse decoding using the “sum_protocol algorithm” (step S11).
- the retransmission control unit 106 returns an ACK to the communication device on the transmission side (Step S13).
- the communication device on the transmitting side that has received the ACK step S3, Yes) saves the data for retransmission and deletes the first transmission data.
- step S12 determines whether the data at the time of the first transmission cannot be normally received by the determination processing in step S12 (step S12, No).
- the retransmission control unit 106 returns a NAK to the communication device on the transmission side.
- the reception data at the time of the first transmission is stored (step S14), and thereafter, the state shifts to a state of waiting for retransmission data reception (step S15).
- the retransmission control unit 1031S encoder 101 performs retransmission data in the case of adopting Type-D type HARQ. Then, for example, the generation of an additional parity is instructed, and the encoder 101 outputs a power at the time of retransmission of a coding rate R (L-1) lower than the coding rate at the time of the first transmission generated at step S1.
- H R (L — ⁇ (a matrix of (n + t 1) x (k + tl)
- the encoder '101 as shown in FIG. 21, the test ⁇ No. generator matrix P) an identity matrix I n - retransmission of which is composed of k (n- k) X (n + .tl) Generate a generator matrix GR) of the irreducible standard form of time.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing codewords at the time of retransmission.
- mmm 2 ..., a m n _ k.
- the modulator 102 performs digital modulation such as BPSK, QPSK, or multi-level QAM on the generated additional parity; p ′, and transmits it (step S5).
- the receiving-side communication device performs predetermined digital demodulation on the modulated signal received via the demodulator 104 and the communication path 107 in the same manner as described above (step S15).
- the retransmission control unit 106 returns an ACK to the communication device on the transmission side (Step S18).
- the transmitting communication device that has received the ACK deletes the transmission data and the additional parity stored for retransmission.
- step S17 determines whether the data at the time of the first transmission cannot be normally received by the determination processing in step S17 (step S17, No).
- step S17 if the data at the time of the first transmission cannot be normally received by the determination processing in step S17 (step S17, No), retransmission control section 106 transmits a NAK to the communication device on the transmission side.
- the additional parity is stored (step S19), and thereafter, the state shifts to a state of waiting for retransmission data (step S1.5).
- the transmitting communication apparatus instructs retransmission control section 103 force encoder 101 to generate additional parity, and returns until an ACK is returned (step S6). 6, Yes), while reducing the coding rate (R (L-2), R (L-1 3), ...) Repeat steps S4 to S6.
- the communication device on the receiving side repeats the processing of steps S15 to S19 while repeating the above-mentioned combining processing until the first transmission data can be decoded normally (step S17, Yes).
- T yp e - as an error correction code of ⁇ type HAR Q employed when, for example, by applying the LD PC codes with very close superior characteristics to the Shannon limit
- a pre-generated parity check matrix corresponding to a coding rate lower than the coding rate at the time of the initial transmission or the previous retransmission is generated, and a generation matrix at the time of retransmission is generated. Based on this, only the additional parity is transmitted. As a result, even if the code rate is large, the optimum parity can always be transmitted without thinning out the parity bits as in the past, so that the characteristics can be stabilized and the error correction code can always be transmitted. Performance can be obtained.
- the retransmission control method and the communication apparatus according to the present invention are useful for a communication system employing a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code. It is suitable for communication systems that apply LDPC codes to error correction codes when HARQ is adopted.
- LDPC low-density parity-check
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JP2006519135A JP4350750B2 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | 再送制御方法および通信装置 |
EP04730026A EP1746732A4 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | RETRANSMISSION CONTROL METHOD AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE |
US10/592,351 US7600173B2 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | Retransmission control method and communications device |
PCT/JP2004/006137 WO2005107081A1 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | 再送制御方法および通信装置 |
CN2004800428061A CN1943119B (zh) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | 再发送控制方法以及通信装置 |
US12/559,169 US20100005361A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2009-09-14 | Retransmission control method and communications device |
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Cited By (13)
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WO2009035096A1 (ja) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Nec Corporation | 通信システム、送信装置、誤り訂正符号再送方法、通信プログラム |
WO2010004722A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | パナソニック株式会社 | 符号化器、復号化器及び符号化方法 |
JP2010524365A (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2010-07-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | 無線通信装置およびリダンダンシーバージョンの送信制御方法 |
JP2010252369A (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-11-04 | Panasonic Corp | 符号化方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2005107081A1 (ja) | 2007-12-27 |
US20100005361A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
EP1746732A4 (en) | 2008-02-27 |
EP1746732A1 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
CN1943119B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
JP4350750B2 (ja) | 2009-10-21 |
US20070277082A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
US7600173B2 (en) | 2009-10-06 |
CN1943119A (zh) | 2007-04-04 |
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