WO2005100281A1 - Preparation de ceramiques transparentes de yag dope par des lanthanides - Google Patents
Preparation de ceramiques transparentes de yag dope par des lanthanides Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005100281A1 WO2005100281A1 PCT/FR2005/000844 FR2005000844W WO2005100281A1 WO 2005100281 A1 WO2005100281 A1 WO 2005100281A1 FR 2005000844 W FR2005000844 W FR 2005000844W WO 2005100281 A1 WO2005100281 A1 WO 2005100281A1
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- particles
- solution
- metal
- cations
- oxide
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- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BYDYILQCRDXHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylpyridine-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CN=C(C=O)C(C)=C1 BYDYILQCRDXHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NFSAPTWLWWYADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-1-phenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C(CN)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFSAPTWLWWYADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 neodymium Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001457 metallic cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019655 synthetic inorganic crystalline material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001206 Neodymium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 3
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BAXLQGLZEUGKAR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-hydroxypropanoate yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O BAXLQGLZEUGKAR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009997 thermal pre-treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GAPRPFRDVCCCHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromoprop-1-ynyl(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C#CCBr GAPRPFRDVCCCHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012700 ceramic precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003893 lactate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Yb+3].[Yb+3] UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003454 ytterbium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075624 ytterbium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OSCVBYCJUSOYPN-UHFFFAOYSA-K ytterbium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Yb+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OSCVBYCJUSOYPN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/449—Organic acids, e.g. EDTA, citrate, acetate, oxalate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- C04B2235/9653—Translucent or transparent ceramics other than alumina
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of transparent ceramic materials based on metal oxides. More particularly, the invention relates to the preparation of transparent ceramic materials based on a specific intermetallic oxide, namely the oxide Y 3 AI 5 O 1 2 doped with lanthanide cations (also designated by the term “YAG doped "in the following description). The invention also relates to the doped YAG ceramics obtained in this context, which prove to be particularly suitable as amplifier materials for laser cavities.
- a ceramic material based on metal oxide is most often obtained from a mixture of particles (precursors), shaped (for example by molding, pressing, or granulation), the shaped material the resulting product is then densified, generally by heating in an oven under a controlled atmosphere (final step commonly known as "sintering").
- precursors particles
- shaped for example by molding, pressing, or granulation
- the resulting product is then densified, generally by heating in an oven under a controlled atmosphere (final step commonly known as "sintering”
- final step commonly known as "sintering”
- transparent ceramic materials based on intermetallic oxides appear to be particularly interesting. These transparent materials have numerous fields of application, in particular insofar as they generally have other advantageous properties than their transparency.
- certain transparent ceramics based on intermetallic oxide such as YAG ceramics doped with neodymium
- YAG ceramics doped with neodymium
- Such doped YAG ceramics are intended to replace the doped YAG single crystals generally used in solid lasers, where a homogeneous distribution of the dopant (neodymium in particular) is not always easy to obtain, and which also have the double disadvantage to be expensive and to be able to be synthesized only in the form of bars of relatively small dimensions (generally at most of the order of 20 cm long by 2 cm in diameter).
- the ceramics In the various aforementioned applications of transparent ceramics based on oxides, it is most often indicated that the ceramics have good qualities of transparency.
- the properties of the ceramic material based on oxide come as close as possible to those of a single crystal of the corresponding oxide. This requirement is particularly pronounced in the case of transparent ceramics which are intended for use as a LASER amplification medium, where behavior similar to that of a single crystal is sought in order to obtain an optimal yield.
- this ceramic is based on an oxide having a crystallographic structure of cubic type. Indeed, the cubic system presents an isotropy of structure which results in an isotropic optical index.
- the ceramic has the same isotropy of the optical index as that which a single crystal would have. Furthermore, in order to approach the properties of a single crystal, it is sought to ensure that the ceramic has the lowest possible porosity, and that it has the least possible defects (grain boundaries and parasitic phase domains other than that of the desired oxide, in particular). For this purpose, in the case of the synthesis of ceramics based on oxides of several metals or doped oxides (such as doped YAGs in particular), it is also important that the different metals present are distributed as homogeneously as possible within the material obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a process for the synthesis of transparent ceramics based on an intermetallic oxide making it possible to obtain transparent ceramic materials having qualities of transparency
- the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a transparent ceramic material, based on an intermetallic oxide, said process comprising the successive steps consisting in: (A) synthesizing particles (p) based on said intermetallic oxide, by calcining under an oxidizing atmosphere particles (p 0 ) containing a homogeneous mixture of organic salts of the various metal cations of the intermetallic oxide; (B) from the particles (p) thus obtained, producing a molded material (M), by compacting said particles (p) wet, using the technique of filtering pressing; and (C) heat treating the molded material (M) so as to convert it, by sintering, into the desired transparent ceramic material.
- intermetallic oxide means any metal oxide comprising at least two distinct metals within its crystal lattice.
- an intermetallic oxide denotes: - a metal oxide integrating into its crystal lattice metal cations of at least two distinct metals (mixed oxide); or - a metal oxide of at least one first metal, further containing doping cations of at least one other metal, as insertion and / or substitution cations.
- the "material based on an intermetallic oxide" prepared according to the invention is a material which comprises such an intermetallic oxide, this oxide preferably being present in the material at a rate of at least 80% by mass, of, advantageously at least 90% ", and even more preferably more than at least 95% by mass.
- the transparent ceramic material based on an intermetallic oxide which is synthesized according to the process of the invention consists essentially of said metal oxide, (that is to say most often for at least 98% by mass, advantageously for at least 99% by mass, and even more preferably for at least 99.5% by mass).
- This material is also a "transparent material", which means, for the purposes of this description, that for this material, there is at least one wavelength in the range from 300 nm to 6000 nm, such that a laser beam having said wavelength passing through the material has a ratio (light intensity after crossing of the material / light intensity before crossing of the material) of at least 90%, advantageously at least 95%, more preferably at least at least 99%, and even more advantageously at least 99.9%.
- the ratio of light intensity before and after crossing of the material referred to here is that observed for a linearly polarized laser beam passing through the material inclined at the Brewster angle.
- the intermetallic oxide present in the transparent ceramic material prepared according to the process of the invention is advantageously a crystallizing oxide in the form of a cubic crystallographic structure, and it is preferably an oxide of the sesquioxide family or garnets.
- the intermetallic oxide constituting the transparent ceramic material prepared according to the process of the invention is chosen from: - garnets of general formula C 3 A 2 D 3 O12, where O denotes oxygen and where C, A and D denote metal cations, generally in the oxidation state + III, these cations being identical or different, it being understood however that the cations C and D are distinct from each other (the cations C, A and D occupy in general respectively the sites c, a, and d of the cubic space group O h 10 - Ia3d).
- garnets of this type mention may in particular be made of the oxides of formula Y 3 AI 5 O 12 (so-called “YAG” oxide) or alternatively Gd 3 Ga 5 O ⁇ 2 (“GGG”), Gd 3 Sc 2 Ga 3 Oi2 (“GSGG”), Yb 3 AI 5 O 12 (YbAG), Lu 3 AI 5 O ⁇ 2 ("LuAG”), Er 3 AI 5 O 12 ("ErAG”), or Y 3 Sc 2 Al 3 ⁇ 2 (YSAG), containing or not containing doping cations (for example lanthanide doping cations or chromium doping cations (Cr 3+ or Cr 4+ )), most often as insertion and / or substitution cations; and the sesquioxides of a first metal, further containing doping cations of another metal, such as, for example, oxides Yb 2 O 3, Y 2 O 3 or Lu O 3 , doped with metal cations, in particular by lanthanide cations.
- YAG oxide
- step (A) of the process of the invention consists in synthesizing particles (p) comprising an intermetallic oxide, by calcination under an oxidizing atmosphere ( or "oxidative calcination") of particles (p 0 ) comprising a homogeneous mixture of organic salts.
- This specific step has several advantages. First of all, it should be emphasized that the specific use of organic salts in the particles (po) makes it possible to obtain particles of intermetallic oxide (p) of greater purity than those obtained by the processes of state of the art, which use a calcination of precipitates obtained from inorganic salts (sulphates, chlorides ).
- organic species are, as a general rule, totally (or almost totally) eliminated during the calcination heat treatment, without leading to the formation of by-products capable of harming homogeneity and / or to the cohesion of the final ceramic material, or to induce an undesired porosity.
- the particles (po) used in step (A) do not contain other elements than C, H, and O and the metal cations of intermetallic oxide.
- the organic salts present in the particles (po) are advantageously carboxylates (for example acetates or lactates), or even acetylacetonates.
- particles (po) it is most often preferable to avoid the use of organic nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or halogen (in particular chlorinated) salts. More generally, it is preferable that the particles (po) contain no compound or element capable of leading, at the end of the calcination step, to the formation of a phase other than the intermetallic oxide sought in the particles (p).
- step (A) the specific implementation of particles (po) based on a mixture of organic salts as a precursor of the particles (p) generally makes it possible to obtain particles (p ) consisting essentially of an intermetallic oxide, which most often contain at least 98% by mass, and typically at least 99% by mass of a single intermetallic oxide.
- the particles (p) obtained contain at least 99.5% by mass, or even at minus 99.9% by mass of a single intermetallic oxide.
- the particles (p 0 ) used as precursors of the particles (p) comprise a homogeneous mixture of the organic salts of the metal cations.
- particles containing a homogeneous mixture of organic salts is meant, within the meaning of this description, a population of particles in which each of the particles has a concentration in each of its constituent (organic salts in particular) substantially identical at all points of the particle (and advantageously identical at every point of the particle), the composition of the different particles of the population being generally substantially identical (the compositions of the different particles being most often all identical).
- This homogeneity of composition of the particles (p 0 ) leads to another notable advantage for the process of the invention: at the end of the heat treatment of step (A), a population of particles (p) is obtained, each having a homogeneous composition and in general all having substantially the same overall composition.
- the particles (p 0 ) of step (A) of the process of the invention are obtained according to a process comprising the steps consisting in: (A1) producing an aqueous solution (S) containing, in solution, the organic salts of the metal cations of intermetallic oxide; (A2) spraying said aqueous solution (S) in liquid nitrogen, whereby frozen particles are obtained having the homogeneous composition of solution (S); and (A3) leaving the frozen particles thus obtained under vacuum, so as to remove the water contained in the frozen particles, by sublimation from the solid state to the vapor state, whereby particles (po) are obtained containing a homogeneous mixture of organic salts, in the same proportions as in solution (S).
- the particles (po) which are obtained by lyophilization, in particular according to steps (A1) to (A3) above, are particles where the water is particularly well removed. This substantial absence of water in the particles (p 0 ) limits the formation of aggregates during step (C), which further improves the quality of the material obtained in fine, in particular in terms of homogeneity and porosity. scaled down.
- step (A1) it is understood that the proportions of the various salts used are to be adapted as a function of the intermetallic oxide which it is desired to obtain in the final ceramic material (and therefore in the particles (p)). In this regard, it should however be stressed that it is extremely simple to determine these proportions, taking into account the specificity of the process.
- the method does not implement any precipitation step of the type envisaged in the state of the art processes, and the proportions of the different metals are therefore strictly the same in the solution (S) and in the intermetallic oxide of the particles (p).
- a solution (S) of the lowest possible concentration since, all other things being equal, a decrease in the concentration of the solution (S) induces a decrease in size.
- particles (p) obtained according to the process of the invention which generally makes it possible to further improve the homogeneity of the ceramic material obtained in fine and to reduce its porosity.
- the dimensions of the particles (p) are advantageously less than 1000 nm, and more preferably less than 100 nm.
- each of the concentrations of the different metal cations present is less than 1 mol / l, and advantageously less than 0.1 mol / l.
- concentration of solution (S) there is no lower limit to the concentration of solution (S), the quality of the ceramic obtained being, moreover, in general, all the more advantageous when this concentration is low.
- concentration that is too low for solution (S) in particular to limit the costs of implementation.
- the concentration of most of the metal cations present in the solution (S) is typically between 0.001 and 1 mol / l, and advantageously between 0.01 and 0.1 mol / l, the concentration of some of the metal cations present can be much less than 0.001 mol / l (the concentration of cations intended to play the role of dopant in the intermetallic oxide of the particles (p) can thus be much less than 10 "5 mol / l, for example between 10 "9 and 10 " 6 mol / l).
- the solution (S) contains the various organic salts in solution. To this end, it may sometimes be necessary to adapt the pH of the solution ( S), in particular to avoid precipitation phenomena between the different salts present.
- step A2 can advantageously be carried out by spraying the aqueous solution (S) in liquid nitrogen contained for example in a container of the Dewar vase type.
- the spraying is preferably carried out using a sprayer comprising a spray nozzle having a calibrated orifice, for example a calibrated orifice of 0.5 mm, through which the aqueous solution (S) is injected at a pressure included between 0.3 and 4 bar and typically at a pressure of the order of 3 bar, generally under the effect of a carrier gas which may be compressed air, or alternatively a neutral industrial gas advantageously filtered, such as argon or nitrogen.
- a carrier gas which may be compressed air, or alternatively a neutral industrial gas advantageously filtered, such as argon or nitrogen.
- Step (A3) is generally a conventional lyophilization step, which can be carried out in any type of conventional lyophilizer.
- the conditions used are not decisive, the particles however being preferably maintained in the frozen state until elimination of the water, in particular to avoid phenomena of interparticle agglomeration. It is moreover preferable, more often than not, that the conditions of step (A3) ultimately lead to a substantial elimination of the water, in particular to avoid the creation of porosity within the particles during calcination.
- step (A3) is advantageously carried out at a temperature between -200 ° C and + 100 ° C, and more preferably between -20 ° C and + 50 ° C and at a pressure between 1 Pa and 100 Pa and more preferably less than or equal to 10 Pa.
- step (A3) can for example be carried out at a temperature of the order of -20 ° C. and under a pressure of the order of 1 Pa.
- the lyophilization step of step (A3) can advantageously be followed by a step of removing adsorbed water, most often by keeping the particles under the pressure of lyophilization ( typically at 1 Pa) and by raising the temperature, generally up to at least 50 ° C., for example between 50 and 100 ° C.
- the calcination of these particles in step (A) is generally carried out under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, the calcination generally taking place under a flow of a hot gas containing oxygen, such as a stream of oxygen or under a draft, preferably a draft re.
- the temperature at which the oxidative calcination of step (A) is carried out is generally between 900 ° C and 1500 ° C.
- this calcination temperature is preferably at least 110O ° C, and more advantageously at least 1150 ° C. However, it is preferred that this temperature remains less than or equal to 1300 ° C., and preferably less than or equal to 1250 ° C., in particular so as to reduce the size of the particles (p) obtained (all other things being equal, a reduction of the calcination temperature of step (A) induces, in general, a reduction in the size of the particles (p)).
- the calcination of step (A) typically takes place at a temperature of between 1100 ° C. and 1300 ° C., in general at a temperature of the order of 120 ° C.
- step (A) The calcination of step (A) is carried out for a sufficient time to convert the mixture of organic salts of the particles (p 0 ) into the intermetallic oxide which it is sought to synthesize in the particles (p).
- the duration of the calcination can vary to a fairly large extent depending on the exact nature of the composition of the particles (po) and their size. However, in most cases, this duration is of the order of 1 to 5 hours, for example between 2 and 4 hours, and typically of the order of 3 hours.
- the particles (po) can be subjected to a thermal pretreatment prior to the calcination of step (A ).
- this thermal pretreatment is advantageously carried out at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C. (typically at 500 ° C.), preferably under a stream of air (advantageously filtered).
- This mode also has economic advantages, in particular insofar as it makes it possible to imitate the duration of the calcination step at higher temperature.
- the particles (p) obtained at the end of step (A), useful as a precursor of the ceramic material synthesized according to the method of the invention are particles based on intermetallic oxide, which have specific properties, in particular very good homogeneity. These specific particles constitute another particular object of the present invention.
- the method of the invention comprises a step (B), of shaping the particles (p) in the form of a molded material (M).
- This stage is carried out by a particular technique of wet compaction of the particles (p), called "filtering pressing".
- the reduced porosity of the ceramic materials obtained seems to be explained at least in part by the specific implementation of this specific wet compaction technique.
- the “filtering press” technique used in the process of the invention corresponds to a type of compaction well known from the state of the art.
- the filtering pressing of step (B) advantageously comprises the successive steps consisting in: (B1) suspending the particles (p) in a polar solvent (preferably water and / or ethanol, and preferably water), this suspension being carried out without using d 'dispersing agent; (B2) introducing the suspension of particles (p) thus obtained into a mold provided with: (i) pressure means; and (ii) an outlet provided with filtration means capable of selectively retaining the particles (p) and letting the water pass; and (B3) compressing the medium introduced into the mold by means of the pressure means, whereby water is removed from the mold and the particles (p) are compacted in the form of a molded material compacted.
- a polar solvent preferably water and / or ethanol, and preferably water
- the polar solvent in which the particles (p) are suspended is advantageously water, ethanol or a water / ethanol mixture, this solvent preferably being of the water.
- the suspension of stage (B1) is carried out with a mass ratio (particles (p) / solvent) of between 5% and 70%.
- this ratio is a parameter which influences the transparency qualities of the synthesized ceramic material. In particular, this parameter influences the porosity of the material obtained.
- the mass ratio (particles (p) / solvent) is advantageously at least 10%, preferably at least 15% and it preferably remains less than or equal at 50%, and advantageously less than or equal to 35%.
- this mass ratio is between 18 and 25% (typically, this ratio is of the order of 21%).
- step (B1) is carried out without using a dispersing agent, which makes it possible to dispense with a subsequent purification step which would otherwise be necessary.
- this dispersion is advantageously carried out by introducing the particles (p) obtained at the end of step (A) into the polar solvent (generally in water) and by subjecting the medium obtained to mechanical disagglomeration with stirring, generally in the presence of beads, if necessary with stirring carried out for a period of 12 to 48 hours, and typically for a period of the order of 20 hours.
- the polar solvent generally in water
- the mold used in step (B2) can be a mold of the type of those usually used in the technique of filtering pressing.
- this mold can for example be a commercial pellet mold, for example of the SPECAC type (typically a SPECAC pellet mold with a diameter of 20 mm made of stainless steel).
- step (B3) the pressure applied to perform the compression is most often between 50 MPa and 350 MPa.
- this pressure is preferably between 150 MPa and 250 MPa, and it can thus typically be of the order of 200 MPa,
- step (B) the particles (p) can be used as single particles in the wet compaction process.
- the particles (p) are compacted together with other particles (p ') in step (B).
- step (B) can be carried out under the aforementioned conditions, advantageously implementing the succession of steps (B1) to (B3), the particles (p ') being suspended together with the particles (p ) in step (B1) (in general the particles (p ') are mixed with the particles (p) before step (B)).
- the mass ratio (p ') / p) is between 0.05% and 5%, this ratio being advantageously less than 1%.
- the mass ratio (particles (p) + (p ')) / solvent is then advantageously at least
- step (B) is carried out with the additional presence of particles (p ') based on silica Si ⁇ 2 .
- Such silica-based particles (p ′) in particular make it possible to reduce the porosity of the ceramic material obtained at the end of the process, by allowing in particular an improvement in the densification of the material during step (C).
- the mass ratio (p') / (p) is then advantageously between 0.05% and 1%.
- the method of the invention finally comprises a step (C) of sintering the molded material (M) obtained in step (B).
- This step generally consists in heat treating the molded material (M) under an atmosphere of controlled nature and pressure.
- the method of the invention may comprise an isostatic compression step at the end of step (B) and before step (C), in particular so as to perfect its densification before the sintering. If necessary, this isostatic compression (also called “isostatic pressing" step) is most often carried out under usual conditions, known to those skilled in the art. Isostatic pressing is a technique known per se, used in particular to produce the shaped parts, for example for the manufacture of shaped parts of large dimensions.
- the sintering of step (C) can implement any type of sintering usually carried out in processes for the synthesis of ceramics based on metal oxides, such as for example vacuum sintering of the type described for example in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 78 (4), pp. 1033-1040 (1995). or a sintering under load, for example a sintering under isostatic compression such as that described in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 79 (7), pp. 1927-1933 (1996).
- any type of sintering usually carried out in processes for the synthesis of ceramics based on metal oxides, such as for example vacuum sintering of the type described for example in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 78 (4), pp. 1033-1040 (1995). or a sintering under load, for example a sintering under isostatic compression such as that described in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 79 (7), pp. 1927-1933 (1996).
- step (C) is carried out at a temperature between 1500 ° C and 1800 ° C, preferably between 1650 ° C and 1750 ° C (for example between 1700 and 1750 ° C), and preferably under a pressure included between 10 "4 Pa and 10 Pa, (typically under a pressure of the order of 1, 3 Pa).
- step (C) is carried out for a period of 1 to 24 hours, typically of the order of 2 to 4 hours, for example for 3 hours.
- the method of the present invention can be used to prepare a transparent ceramic material, based on YAG (Y3AI 5 O12) doped with at least one metal M of the lanthanide family.
- step (A) of the method consists in synthesizing particles (p) based on Y 3 AI 5 O 12 d operated by said metal M, by calcining particles (p> o under an oxidizing atmosphere). ) comprising a homogeneous mixture of organic salts of Y 3+ 'Al 3+ and M 3+ , this mixture preferably containing no other elements than Y, Al, M, C, H, and O.
- lanthanide an element between lanthanum and lutetium in the periodic table of the elements, namely an element whose atomic number is included inclusively between 57 and 71.
- doped YAG ceramic materials of interest that can be synthesized according to the process of the invention, may in particular cite materials where the metal
- M is chosen from neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr), cerium (Ce), erbium
- the process of invention makes it possible to synthesize transparent ceramic materials based on YAG do pe by neodymium Nd.
- steps (A) to (C) can be implemented in the above conditions, which can be used in the most general case.
- steps (A) to (C) can be implemented in the above conditions, which can be used in the most general case.
- steps (A) to (C) can be implemented in the above conditions, which can be used in the most general case.
- steps (A) to (C) can be implemented in the above conditions, which can be used in the most general case.
- the following specificities should nevertheless be emphasized.
- the particles (po) of step (A) are advantageously obtained by lyophilization of a homogeneous aqueous solution (SYAG) comprising organic salts of Y 3+ , Al 3 "1" and M 3+ , this solution preferably containing no other elements than Y, Al, M, C, H, and O.
- SYAG homogeneous aqueous solution
- this lyophilization advantageously comprises the steps consisting in (ai) producing the aqueous solution (SYAG) containing, in solution, the organic salts of Y 3+ , Al 3+ and M 3 + ; (a2) spraying said aqueous solution (SYAG) in liquid nitrogen, whereby solidified particles are obtained having the homogeneous composition of the solution (SYAG); and (a3) leaving the frozen particles thus obtained under vacuum, so as to eliminate the water contained in the frozen particles, by sublimation from the solid state to the vapor state, whereby particles (po) are obtained containing a homogeneous mixture of the organic salts of Y 3+ , Al 3+ and M 3+ in the same proportions as in the solution (SYAG) -
- steps (ai) to (a3) are advantageously implemented under the preferential conditions of steps (A1) to (A3) defined in the general case.
- the solution (SYAG) used advantageously consists of an aqueous mixture of yttrium acetate, aluminum lactate, and neodymium acetate, added with acetic acid so as to that the pH of said aqueous mixture is less than or equal to 4.
- the solution (SYAG) can also consist of a mixture of yttrium oxide, neodymium oxide and aluminum lactate dissolved in an aqueous solution of acetic acid so that the pH of said solution is less than or equal to 4.
- this solution it is generally important that this solution include the metal cations Y 3+ , Al 3+ and M 3+ dispersed homogeneously within of the solution.
- the sum of the concentrations of Y 3+ and M 3+ cations is preferably less than 1 mol / l, for example between 0.001 and 0.1 mol / l.
- the concentration of Al 3+ cations is most often less than 1 mol / l, typically between 0.001 and 0.1 mol / l. Furthermore, it is generally indicated that, in the solution (SYAG), the molar ratio (Y 3+ + M 3+ ) / AI 3+ is between 0.59: 1 and 0.61: 1, this ratio being typically around 3: 5.
- the molar ratio (Y 3+ + M 3+ ) / AI 3+ in the solution (SYAG) is more preferably between 0.597: 1 and 0.603: 1, and advantageously between 0.599: 1 and 0.601: 1, in particular when the synthesized doped YAG ceramic material is intended for application as a LASER amplification material.
- the molar ratio M 3+ / (Y 3+ + M 3+ ) is that which is sought in the doped YAG ceramic material obtained in fine.
- This ratio is generally between 0.01% and 99.9%, this molar ratio M 3+ / (Y 3+ + M 3+ ) being most often less than 10% and in general at 8% -.
- this ratio is typically between 0.01% and 6%, for example between 0.1 and 5%, in particular when the ceramic material is intended for use as an amplifier material for LASER cavity, but this ratio being adaptable according to the applications envisaged for synthesized ceramic.
- step (ai) to (a3) Given the nature of steps (ai) to (a3), the values of the different ratios indicated above are identical in the solution (SYAG) and in the particles (p 0 ) obtained at the end of step ( a3)).
- particles (po) as obtained at the end of step (a3) are immediately subjected to the oxidative calcination of step (A) It is however not excluded, if necessary, that the particles (p 0 ) obtained at the end of step (a3) are stored prior to their calcination in step (A). It goes without saying that such storage of the particles (p 0 ) is advantageously protected from moisture.
- steps (B) and (C) of the process of the invention are generally carried out in same conditions as in the general case.
- the succession of steps (A) to (C) of the process of the invention leads to the production of transparent molded ceramic materials having remarkable qualities, in particular a very high homogeneity of composition. , extremely reduced porosity and very high purity.
- the molded, transparent ceramic materials, based on intermetallic oxide capable of being obtained by the process of the present invention which have the abovementioned advantages, constitute, according to another aspect, a particular object of the present invention.
- the present invention relates in particular to molded, transparent ceramic materials, based on YAG doped with a metal.
- M of the lanthanide family and in particular the transparent molded ceramic materials of YAG doped with neodymium, which are capable of being obtained according to the method of the invention.
- the present invention relates to the different uses of the materials obtained according to the method of the invention.
- a transparent molded ceramic material obtained according to the present invention can be used as a material for the usual applications of ceramics based on intermetallic oxides, where their transparency and homogeneity properties allow them to be substituted for often very advantageous to ceramics based on intermetallic oxides currently known.
- the ceramic materials obtained according to the process of the invention can also be used as materials for scintillators.
- certain ceramic materials obtained according to the invention such as YAG-based ceramics, can be used in the ground state, that is to say reduced in the form of powder as abrasives.
- Certain other materials in particular based on Y 2 O 3 , YAG, or Lu 2 O 3 , doped with cations such as lanthanide cations, can be used as phosphor materials, these materials then being advantageously reduced in the form of particles. submicronics. More specifically, given their qualities of homogeneity, reduced porosity, and purity, which most often brings their behavior closer to that of a single crystal, transparent molded ceramic materials based on intermetallic oxide obtained by the process of the present invention can be used in optical applications, for example for the preparation of lenses with defined optical index.
- intermetallic oxides obtained by the process of the present invention can be used as amplification material for LASER cavities, in particular for lasers for etching semiconductors, telemetry, surgery, or machining.
- the present invention can be implemented for the preparation of any other intermetallic oxide, adapting the nature of the organic salts used and the proportions between the different cations.
- the succession of steps (A) to (C) of the process of the invention can be implemented to prepare intermetallic oxides based on lutetium using lutetium acetate (or the oxide of lutetium dissolved in acetic acid) as organic salt in the particles (po) of step (A).
- this process can be used to synthesize oxide ceramics based on ytterbium using, as organic salt in the particles (po), ytterbium acetate (or dissolved ytterbium oxide in acetic acid).
- organic salt in the particles (po) ytterbium acetate (or dissolved ytterbium oxide in acetic acid).
- Step 1 Synthesis of particles based on a homogeneous mixture of organic yttrium, aluminum and neodymium salts.
- step 1.2 Solidification of the solution in the form of particles frozen by spraying in liquid nitrogen.
- the clear solution obtained in step 1.1 above was sprayed into liquid nitrogen (contained in a Dewar vase), so as to effect instant solidification of the sprayed droplets.
- the spraying of the solution in liquid nitrogen was carried out using a sprayer consisting of a reservoir connected at its upper part to a vector gas inlet (compressed air) and at its lower part to a nozzle. spray having a 0.5 mm orifice through which the solution was injected under a pressure of 3 bar.
- the nozzle used also contains an insert conical groove ensuring a rotation of the liquid in the nozzle, which, by centrifugal effect, presses the liquid on the internal wall of the nozzle before it is ejected through the outlet orifice, whereby a liquid jet is obtained at the outlet of the sprayer in droplets of about 1 ⁇ m, having the shape of an axial hollow cone with turbulence effect.
- step 1.2 The solidified particles obtained at the end of step 1.2 were introduced into a commercial lyophilizer (Alfa 2-4 lyophilizer (Christ)) at the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
- the pressure in the freeze dryer enclosure was reduced to 1 Pa, and the freeze dryer enclosure was maintained under this reduced pressure and at -20 ° C for 20 hours.
- the enclosure was then brought to + 50 ° C, maintaining the pressure at 1 Pa.
- the medium was kept at + 50 ° C under 1 Pa for 3 hours.
- Step 2 heat treatment of the particles under an oxidizing atmosphere.
- step 1.3 Heat treatment in air
- step 1.3 was calcined in a tubular oven in air at 500 ° C for 30 minutes. This heat treatment eliminates most of the organic compounds present in the particles.
- the doped YAG particles obtained at the end of step (a) were suspended in deionized water, in the presence of colloidal silica (Silica Alfa 99.98 %).
- the suspension was carried out by introducing into a bottle: - 1.5 g of particles as obtained at the end of step (a); - 7 ml of deionized water; - 13.5 mg of silica particles; and - 1 g of yttria-containing zirconia beads, 3 mm in diameter (Glenmills).
- the bottle was then hermetically closed and the medium was stirred for 12 hours. After stirring, an aqueous suspension of the doped YAG particles and the silica particles was recovered.
- Filtering pressing The suspension obtained was poured into a SPECAC type stainless steel pellet mold (diameter 20 mm). Filtering pressing was carried out within this mold by subjecting the internal medium to an overpressure, which has the effect of expelling the water outside, the particles being retained inside. The filtering pressing was carried out by applying a pressure of 300 MPa, for a period of 10 minutes. At the end of this treatment, a pellet was obtained, resulting from compacting of the doped YAG and silica particles from the suspension introduced into the mold. The pellet obtained was then subjected to an isostatic pressing step, in particular to complete its raw densification (10 minutes of pressing at 200 MPa).
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/547,780 US20070182037A1 (en) | 2004-04-07 | 2005-04-06 | Preparation of transparent ceramics of yag dope by lanthanides |
JP2007506810A JP2007532454A (ja) | 2004-04-07 | 2005-04-06 | ランタニドをドープしたyagの透明セラミックの調製 |
EP05753621A EP1732863A1 (fr) | 2004-04-07 | 2005-04-06 | Preparation de ceramiques transparentes de yag dope par des lanthanides |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0403668 | 2004-04-07 | ||
FR0403668A FR2868773B1 (fr) | 2004-04-07 | 2004-04-07 | Preparation de ceramiques transparentes de yag dope par des lanthanides |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005100281A1 true WO2005100281A1 (fr) | 2005-10-27 |
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ID=34944926
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2005/000844 WO2005100281A1 (fr) | 2004-04-07 | 2005-04-06 | Preparation de ceramiques transparentes de yag dope par des lanthanides |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070182037A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1732863A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007532454A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2868773B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005100281A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008231218A (ja) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-02 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 蛍光体材料及び白色led |
FR2927073A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-07 | Cie Ind Des Lasers Cilas Sa | Ceramiques transparentes a base de yag |
JP2010024278A (ja) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-02-04 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 蛍光体セラミック板およびそれを用いた発光素子 |
EP4328271A1 (fr) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-28 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Article en ceramique de couleur vive et son procede de fabrication |
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RU2009106671A (ru) * | 2006-07-26 | 2010-09-10 | Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. (Nl) | Керамический гранатовый материал на основе аиг, содержащий по меньшей мере один многоузельный элемент |
JP2010126430A (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-10 | Hidehiro Yoshida | 透光性yag多結晶体とその製造方法 |
US8137587B2 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2012-03-20 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method of manufacturing phosphor translucent ceramics and light emitting devices |
US8123981B2 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2012-02-28 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method of fabricating translucent phosphor ceramics |
US20110034319A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Villalobos Guillermo R | Sintering Aid Coated YAG Powders and Agglomerates and Methods for Making |
JP5725076B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-23 | 2015-05-27 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | 交流用発光装置 |
US9479433B1 (en) | 2013-04-30 | 2016-10-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Interconnecting virtual private networks |
US12031210B2 (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2024-07-09 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | System and method for atomic layer deposition of rare-earth oxides on optical grade materials for laser gain media |
CN116354721A (zh) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-30 | 沈阳大学 | 一种激活离子浓度连续渐变分布氧化镥激光透明陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
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US3975290A (en) * | 1973-11-20 | 1976-08-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Aerosol synthesis of ceramic powders |
US4065544A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1977-12-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Finely divided metal oxides and sintered objects therefrom |
EP0286185A1 (fr) * | 1987-04-10 | 1988-10-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Matériau céramique translucide, son procédé de fabrication et lampe à décharge à haute pression comprenant ce matériau |
US4841195A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1989-06-20 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Discharge lamp having a yttrium aluminum garnet discharge envelope |
US5484750A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1996-01-16 | General Electric Company | Transparent polycrystalline garnets |
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JPH1171103A (ja) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-03-16 | Kasei Optonix Co Ltd | 複合金属酸化物の前駆体および複合金属酸化物の製造方法 |
JP2002326862A (ja) * | 2001-05-02 | 2002-11-12 | Kohan Kogyo Kk | 透光性セラミックスおよびその製造方法 |
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2004
- 2004-04-07 FR FR0403668A patent/FR2868773B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-04-06 WO PCT/FR2005/000844 patent/WO2005100281A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-04-06 EP EP05753621A patent/EP1732863A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-04-06 JP JP2007506810A patent/JP2007532454A/ja active Pending
- 2005-04-06 US US11/547,780 patent/US20070182037A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4065544A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1977-12-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Finely divided metal oxides and sintered objects therefrom |
US3975290A (en) * | 1973-11-20 | 1976-08-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Aerosol synthesis of ceramic powders |
US4841195A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1989-06-20 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Discharge lamp having a yttrium aluminum garnet discharge envelope |
EP0286185A1 (fr) * | 1987-04-10 | 1988-10-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Matériau céramique translucide, son procédé de fabrication et lampe à décharge à haute pression comprenant ce matériau |
US5484750A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1996-01-16 | General Electric Company | Transparent polycrystalline garnets |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008231218A (ja) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-02 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 蛍光体材料及び白色led |
FR2927073A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-07 | Cie Ind Des Lasers Cilas Sa | Ceramiques transparentes a base de yag |
EP2093202A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-26 | Compagnie Industrielle des Lasers Cilas | Céramiques transparentes à base de YAG |
JP2010024278A (ja) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-02-04 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 蛍光体セラミック板およびそれを用いた発光素子 |
EP4328271A1 (fr) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-28 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Article en ceramique de couleur vive et son procede de fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2868773A1 (fr) | 2005-10-14 |
JP2007532454A (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
EP1732863A1 (fr) | 2006-12-20 |
US20070182037A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
FR2868773B1 (fr) | 2007-04-06 |
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