WO2005088823A1 - 圧電アクチュエータ駆動装置、電子機器、その駆動方法、その駆動制御プログラム、そのプログラムを記録した記録媒体 - Google Patents
圧電アクチュエータ駆動装置、電子機器、その駆動方法、その駆動制御プログラム、そのプログラムを記録した記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005088823A1 WO2005088823A1 PCT/JP2005/004768 JP2005004768W WO2005088823A1 WO 2005088823 A1 WO2005088823 A1 WO 2005088823A1 JP 2005004768 W JP2005004768 W JP 2005004768W WO 2005088823 A1 WO2005088823 A1 WO 2005088823A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drive
- driving
- piezoelectric actuator
- frequency
- voltage
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
- G04C3/08—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically
- G04C3/12—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically driven by piezoelectric means; driven by magneto-strictive means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/10—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors
- H02N2/103—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors by pressing one or more vibrators against the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/10—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors
- H02N2/14—Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods
- H02N2/142—Small signal circuits; Means for controlling position or derived quantities, e.g. speed, torque, starting, stopping, reversing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/0005—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
- H02N2/001—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators
- H02N2/003—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators using longitudinal or radial modes combined with bending modes
- H02N2/004—Rectangular vibrators
Definitions
- Piezoelectric actuator drive device electronic device, drive method thereof, drive control program thereof, and recording medium storing the program
- the present invention relates to a piezoelectric actuator driving device, an electronic device, a driving method for an electronic device, a drive control program for an electronic device, and a recording medium on which the program is recorded.
- Piezoelectric elements are excellent in conversion efficiency from electric energy to mechanical energy and responsiveness. Therefore, in recent years, various piezoelectric actuators utilizing the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric element have been developed.
- the piezoelectric actuator mainly includes a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element as a main component.
- the vibrating body is formed by a plate-shaped reinforcing plate having a protruding portion at one end in contact with a driven body, and a reinforcing member having the same shape.
- Some include piezoelectric elements attached to both sides of a plate, drive electrodes provided on the upper surfaces of these piezoelectric elements, and detection electrodes that are electrically insulated from the drive electrodes. Then, a predetermined AC voltage is applied to the driving electrodes of the vibrating body, and the vibrating body is excited by longitudinal vibration that expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction thereof.
- a device for driving a piezoelectric actuator to be induced is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the piezoelectric actuator rotates so that the protrusions of the vibrating body follow an elliptical trajectory, and drives the driven body that comes into contact with the protrusions.
- a predetermined longitudinal vibration and bending vibration are generated by applying an AC voltage having an optimal design driving frequency to the vibrating body of the piezoelectric actuator by applying a printing force tl.
- the drive device detects a detection signal from the detection electrode provided on the piezoelectric element and implements feedback control for adjusting the drive frequency of the AC voltage applied to the drive electrode based on the detection signal. Then [0004] Specifically, the phase difference between the phase of the AC voltage applied to the driving electrode and the phase of the detection signal detected from the detection electrode, or the phase difference between the detection signals detected from the plurality of detection electrodes. Is known to depend on the drive frequency of the AC voltage applied to the drive electrode. Therefore, in this drive device, the above-described phase difference corresponding to the optimal driving frequency in the design of the piezoelectric actuator is set in advance as a target phase difference, and the detected phase difference is set to the preset target phase difference.
- the drive frequency of the AC voltage applied to the drive electrode is adjusted so as to approach.
- the drive frequency of the drive signal is set to the initial value when the startup of the piezoelectric actuator has failed or an abnormal drive state is detected.
- a method of applying a drive signal while sequentially changing (sweeping) the drive frequency from this initial value until reaching an optimum drive frequency is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- the drive frequency of the drive signal can be matched to the optimum drive frequency.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 02Z078165 pamphlet
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-6-6990
- An object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric actuator driving device, an electronic device, a driving method thereof, a driving control program thereof, and a recording recording the program, which are capable of optimizing a driving signal quickly and with power saving. To provide a medium. Means for solving the problem
- a drive device for a piezoelectric actuator of the present invention is a drive device for a piezoelectric actuator that drives a piezoelectric actuator having a vibrating body that is vibrated when a drive signal having a predetermined drive frequency is applied to a piezoelectric element.
- a driving unit that supplies the driving signal to the piezoelectric element of the vibrating body, a vibration detecting unit that detects the vibration of the vibrating body and outputs a detected detection signal, and a vibration detected from the detection signal.
- Drive frequency changing means for changing the drive frequency of the drive signal so that the vibration state of the body approaches the target vibration state, and voltage detection for detecting at least one of a power supply voltage and a drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator.
- Control means for re-executing the frequency change processing.
- the reduction speed of at least one of the power supply voltage and the drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator may be a speed calculated based on the time of the drive frequency change process start force, or the change process may be changed.
- the speed calculated based on the number of times may be used. That is, the decrease speed means a speed calculated by dividing the amount of decrease in the power supply voltage or the drive voltage by the time or number of times required for the decrease.
- the driving voltage of the piezoelectric actuator may be the same voltage as the power supply voltage directly supplied from the power supply, or may be the voltage boosted via a boosting circuit or the like provided between the power supply and the piezoelectric actuator. The voltage may be lowered through a circuit or the like.
- the piezoelectric actuator is restarted by returning to the predetermined driving frequency and re-executing (re-sweep) the force driving frequency change.
- the startup of the piezoelectric actuator fails, such as when the startup of the piezoelectric actuator fails, as in the conventional drive control method
- the startup fails based on the rate of decrease in the power supply voltage or drive voltage. Can be determined immediately and the time required for this determination can be shortened, so that the abnormality detection power can quickly execute the process up to the optimization of the drive signal and reduce power consumption to save power. Can be realized.
- the driving frequency of the driving signal may be deviated from the optimum driving frequency due to some factor (temperature, driving torque, or the like) during driving. Even in such a case, if the driving efficiency is greatly reduced due to the deviation of the optimum driving frequency, the power supply voltage and the driving voltage decrease at a higher rate, and the sweep is performed again based on the decreasing speed. The piezo actuator is restarted and its drive signal can be matched to the optimal drive frequency.
- the reference decreasing speed is set based on the required start-up time of the piezoelectric actuator, and the control unit controls the start of driving of the piezoelectric actuator.
- the driving frequency changing means executes the driving frequency changing process based on a decreasing speed of at least one of the power supply voltage and the driving voltage of the piezoelectric actuator.
- the required start-up time of the piezoelectric actuator means the time from when a driving signal is applied to the piezoelectric actuator to when the driven body starts driving (rotation starts), and based on a test or an experiment. It can be set in advance.
- start-up time is defined as the vibration characteristics of each piezoelectric actuator, Depending on the resistance acting from the body (rotational torque, etc.), the time required to reach the drive speed (rotational speed, etc.) required for design may be reached. Based on the startup time defined in this way, the reference reduction speed May be set. Further, in addition to these, a time until the driven body reaches a predetermined driving state (a rotation speed or the like) may be defined as a starting time.
- the success or failure of the activation of the piezoelectric actuator can be determined with higher accuracy, and a re-sweep in the event of a failure in the activation. The time required until can be further reduced.
- the start-up time of the piezoelectric actuator is set to the time before the drive of the drive signal is applied, the drive can be started even when the power supply voltage or drive voltage suddenly drops.
- the drive signal is continuously applied at the frequency can be avoided, and the power consumption can be further suppressed.
- the driving frequency changing means includes a phase difference detecting means for detecting a phase difference between the driving signal and the detection signal, and the phase difference is set in advance. And comparing means for comparing the driving frequency of the driving signal based on the comparison result so that the phase difference approaches the target phase difference.
- the drive frequency can be changed quickly.
- the dependence of the phase difference between the drive signal and the detection signal on the drive frequency of the drive voltage is known, and this dependence is large in the drive frequency region across the resonance frequency.
- the force eg, near 180 °
- a small phase difference eg, near 0 °
- the control means performs the drive frequency change process using the drive frequency change process with a frequency higher than the frequency for realizing the target vibration state as the start frequency.
- the means is started.
- the frequency higher than the frequency for realizing the target vibration state means a frequency higher than the optimal driving frequency, and the high frequency is used as a starting frequency, and the frequency is reduced in a direction in which the starting frequency force also decreases.
- the frequency can be set as appropriate as long as it can match the optimal driving frequency even if errors due to the influence of the use environment such as the characteristics of the piezoelectric actuator, circuit characteristics, temperature, etc. are taken into account. .
- the power consumption is increased by driving the driving frequency higher than the frequency for realizing the target vibration state, lowering the starting frequency force, which is the frequency, and decreasing (sweeping) the force toward the frequency.
- the optimum driving frequency can be matched. That is, it is known that the power consumption of the piezoelectric actuator is maximized at the resonance frequency, and that the driving efficiency is increased by driving at a driving frequency slightly higher than the resonance frequency. Therefore, when sweeping from a low frequency to a high frequency, the resonance frequency is passed.When sweeping from a high frequency to a low frequency, the resonance frequency is not passed, so the sweep was started from a high frequency. This can reduce power consumption.
- the control means sets a time required until at least one of the power supply voltage and the driving voltage of the piezoelectric actuator falls below a preset driving stop voltage. It is preferable to have a timer for measuring, and if the time measured by the timer is shorter than a preset reference time, it is preferable to determine that the decrease speed is faster than the reference decrease speed.
- the relationship between the time until the voltage falls below the drive stop voltage measured by the timer and the power supply voltage, the drive voltage, and the drive stop voltage detected by the voltage detection unit is determined.
- the rate of decrease can be calculated immediately, and it can be quickly determined whether or not the force for restarting the piezoelectric actuator is required.
- the driving frequency changing means has an up / down counter, and changes the driving frequency of the driving signal based on a counter value of the up / down counter.
- the control means initializes a counter value of the up / down counter when it determines that at least one of the power supply voltage and the drive voltage of the voltage actuator is lower than the reference lowering speed. It is preferable to re-execute the drive frequency changing process.
- the drive frequency changing means has an integration circuit, and changes the drive frequency of the drive signal based on an output value of the integration circuit.
- the control means drives the power supply voltage and the drive of the piezoelectric actuator. When it is determined that at least one of the voltage decreasing speeds is faster than the reference decreasing speed, the output value of the integrating circuit may be initialized and the driving frequency changing process may be executed again.
- the drive frequency of the drive signal is swept based on the counter value of the up / down counter and the output value of the integration circuit, and the counter value (output value) is initialized (reset), whereby the drive is performed.
- the frequency can be returned to the predetermined driving frequency, which is the initial value, and the piezoelectric actuator can be restarted, so that the drive control can be easily performed and the control circuit and the like can have a simple structure.
- an electronic apparatus includes any one of the piezoelectric actuator driving apparatuses described above, a piezoelectric actuator driven by the driving apparatus, and a power supply.
- the electronic device of the present invention is an electronic timepiece provided with a date display mechanism driven by the piezoelectric actuator.
- the same effect as described above can be achieved in driving the date display mechanism of the electronic timepiece, and the size and thickness of the electronic timepiece can be promoted by the piezoelectric actuator.
- the date display mechanism driven by the piezoelectric actuator is not always driven, but only needs to be driven for a limited time in a day and a predetermined drive amount (rotation amount).
- the drive control of the present invention which can appropriately drive the piezoelectric actuator at the start of driving, is suitable.
- a portable electronic timepiece such as a wristwatch, since the size (capacity) of a battery or a secondary battery as a power supply is limited, the effect of suppressing power consumption is great.
- the power supply voltage and the drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator tend to decrease.Therefore, restarting the piezoelectric actuator based on the rate of voltage decrease ensures the drive of the piezoelectric actuator. Can be implemented.
- a method of driving an electronic device provides a piezoelectric actuator having a vibrating body that vibrates when a driving signal having a predetermined driving frequency is applied to a piezoelectric element;
- a driving frequency changing step of increasing or decreasing the frequency from a predetermined driving frequency and a voltage decreasing rate detected in the voltage detecting step if the decreasing rate is faster than a preset reference decreasing rate, the driving is performed. And a control step of re-executing the drive frequency changing step after returning the frequency to the predetermined drive frequency.
- a piezoelectric actuator having a vibrating body which is vibrated when a driving signal having a predetermined driving frequency is given to the piezoelectric element, and the driving signal is applied to the piezoelectric element of the vibrating body.
- a voltage detection step of detecting at least one of the voltages and a drive for increasing or decreasing a drive frequency of the drive signal by a predetermined drive frequency so that a vibration state of the vibrating body detected from the detection signal approaches a target vibration state.
- the drop rate is set in advance. In the case where the driving frequency is higher than the reference decreasing speed, the driving frequency may be returned to the predetermined driving frequency, and the force may be re-executed.
- the processes from the detection of an abnormality to the optimization of the driving signal can be executed quickly, and the power consumption can be reduced to save power. Electricity can be realized.
- the drive control program for an electronic device of the present invention includes a piezoelectric actuator having a vibrating body that vibrates when a driving signal having a predetermined driving frequency is applied to the piezoelectric element;
- a drive control program for an electronic device that drives and controls an electronic device including a power supply that supplies power to an element comprising: A driving unit that supplies the piezoelectric element of the vibrating body, a vibration detecting unit that detects the vibration of the vibrating body and outputs a detected signal, and a vibration state of the vibrating body detected from the detection signal is a target vibration state.
- Drive frequency changing means for changing the drive frequency of the drive signal so as to approach, a voltage detecting means for detecting at least one of a power supply voltage and a drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator, and a drive frequency of the drive signal being predetermined.
- the driving frequency changing unit executes the driving frequency changing process of increasing or decreasing the driving frequency force, and based on the voltage decreasing speed detected by the voltage detecting unit, the decreasing speed is faster than a preset reference decreasing speed.
- Control means for returning the driving frequency to the predetermined driving frequency and then re-executing the driving frequency changing process; Characterized in that it functions as at least control means.
- a drive control program for the piezoelectric actuator a drive control program for a piezoelectric actuator having a vibrating body that vibrates when a drive signal having a predetermined drive frequency is applied to the piezoelectric element is used.
- a driving means for supplying the driving signal to the piezoelectric element of the vibrating body; a vibration detecting means for detecting the vibration of the vibrating body and outputting the detected detection signal;
- a drive frequency changing means for changing a drive frequency of the drive signal so that a vibration state of the vibrating body to be detected approaches a target vibration state, and a voltage for detecting at least one of a power supply voltage and a drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator.
- Detecting means for increasing or decreasing the drive frequency of the drive signal from a predetermined drive frequency;
- the drive frequency changing means executes the dynamic frequency change processing, and based on the rate of decrease of the voltage detected by the voltage detection means, if the rate of decrease is faster than a preset reference decrease rate, the drive frequency is changed.
- a program that functions as at least the control means of the control means for returning to the predetermined drive frequency and for re-executing the drive frequency change processing is adopted.
- the computer is connected to a drive unit, a vibration detection unit, a phase difference detection unit, a drive frequency change unit, a voltage detection unit, and a part of the control unit, which are drive control units of the electronic device.
- a drive unit a vibration detection unit, a phase difference detection unit, a drive frequency change unit, a voltage detection unit, and a part of the control unit, which are drive control units of the electronic device.
- the process from the detection of an abnormality to the optimization of the drive signal can be executed quickly, and the power consumption can be reduced. Power consumption can be reduced by reducing power consumption.
- the recording medium of the present invention is preferably a recording medium in which the drive control program for an electronic device or the drive control program for a piezoelectric actuator is recorded so as to be readable by a computer! /.
- the program can be easily read by the computer and the program can be updated.
- a piezoelectric actuator drive device an electronic device, a drive method thereof, a drive control program thereof, and a program thereof capable of optimizing a drive signal quickly and with low power consumption are recorded.
- a recording medium can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a detailed configuration of a date display mechanism in the electronic device.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration state of the piezoelectric actuator of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a drive control device for the piezoelectric actuator.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a drive control method of the piezoelectric actuator.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a part of the drive control method.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the operation of the drive control device.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing an operation in the electronic device.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a detailed configuration front view showing a digit display unit in the electronic device.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic timepiece 1 as an electronic device in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a detailed configuration of the date display mechanism 10 in the electronic timepiece 1.
- an electronic timepiece 1 is a wristwatch including a hand 2 for displaying time and a steering motor 3 for driving the hand 2.
- the driving of the stepping motor 3 is controlled by the oscillation circuit 4, the frequency dividing circuit 5, and the driving circuit 6.
- the oscillation circuit 4 has a reference oscillation source made of a crystal oscillator, and outputs a reference pulse.
- the frequency dividing circuit 5 receives the reference pulse output from the oscillation circuit 4 and generates a reference signal (for example, a 1 Hz signal) based on the reference pulse.
- the drive circuit 6 generates a motor drive pulse for driving the stepping motor 3 based on the reference signal output from the frequency divider 5.
- the date display mechanism 10 of the electronic timepiece 1 includes a piezoelectric actuator A and a drive control device 100 for controlling the driving of the piezoelectric actuator A.
- the drive control device 100 operates with a switch 8 that detects and detects the time (for example, 24:00) of the electronic timepiece 1 as a trigger, and drives the date display mechanism 10.
- the main part of the date display mechanism 10 includes a piezoelectric actuator A, a rotor 20 driven by the piezoelectric actuator A to rotate, and a rotation of the rotor 20 while reducing the rotation of the rotor 20.
- the transmission is substantially constituted by a reduction gear train to be transmitted and a date wheel 50 rotated by a driving force transmitted via the reduction gear train.
- the reduction gear train includes a date driving intermediate wheel 30 and a date driving wheel 40.
- These piezoelectric actuators, the rotor 20, the date driving intermediate wheel 30, and the date driving wheel 40 are supported by the bottom plate 11.
- Piezoelectric actuator A is flat
- the vibrating body 12 has a strip-shaped vibrating body 12, and the vibrating body 12 is arranged such that the contact portion 13 at the tip thereof comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 20.
- a disk-shaped dial 7 (Fig. 1) is provided above the date display mechanism 10, and a part of the outer periphery of the dial 7 is a window 7A for displaying a date.
- the window 7A allows the date of the date indicator 50 to be displayed.
- the secondary battery 9 is charged by the power of the generator 9A (FIG. 4), and supplies electric power to each circuit of the stepping motor 3, the piezoelectric actuator A, and the drive control device 100.
- the generator 9A generates power using solar (solar) power or rotation of a rotating spindle, and charges the generated power to the secondary battery 9.
- solar solar
- AC power is generated as the generator 9A, which is desirably connected to the secondary battery 9 via a backflow prevention circuit.
- a rotating weight spring or the like it is desirable to connect the secondary battery 9 via a rectifier circuit.
- the power source is not limited to the secondary battery 9 charged by the generator 9A, but may be a general primary battery (for example, a lithium ion battery).
- the date intermediate wheel 30 includes a large-diameter portion 31 and a small-diameter portion 32.
- the small diameter portion 32 has a cylindrical shape slightly smaller in diameter than the large diameter portion 31, and a substantially square cutout 33 is formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
- the small diameter portion 32 is fixed concentrically with the large diameter portion 31.
- the gear 21 on the upper part of the rotor 20 is combined with the large diameter portion 31. Therefore, the date intermediate wheel 30 including the large-diameter portion 31 and the small-diameter portion 32 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 20.
- a plate panel 34 is provided on the bottom plate 11 on the side of the date turning intermediate wheel 30.
- the base end of the plate panel 34 is fixed to the bottom plate 11, and the distal end 34A is bent in a substantially V shape. It is formed.
- the tip 34A of the panel panel 34 is provided so as to be able to enter and exit the notch 33 of the intermediate date wheel 30.
- a contact 35 is arranged at a position close to the panel panel 34. With this contact 35, the date turning intermediate wheel 30 rotates, and the tip 34A of the panel panel 34 enters the notch 33. Sometimes, it comes into contact with the panel panel 34.
- a predetermined voltage is applied to the panel panel 34, and when it comes into contact with the contact 35, the voltage is also applied to the contact 35. It is. Therefore, by detecting the voltage of the contact 35, the date feeding state can be detected, and the rotation amount of the date wheel 50 for one day can be detected.
- the amount of rotation of the date wheel 50 is not limited to that using the panel panel 34 or the contact 35, but may be a device that detects the rotation state of the rotor 20 or the date wheel intermediate wheel 30 and outputs a predetermined pulse signal.
- various types of rotary encoders such as known photoreflectors, photointerrupters, and MR sensors can be used.
- the date wheel 50 has a ring shape, and has an internal gear 51 formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof.
- the date wheel 40 has a five-tooth gear, and meshes with the internal gear 51 of the date wheel 50. Further, a shaft 41 is provided at the center of the date driving wheel 40, and the shaft 41 is loosely inserted into a through hole 42 formed in the bottom plate 11. The through hole 42 is formed to be long along the rotation direction of the date indicator 50.
- the date wheel 40 and the shaft 41 are urged rightward in FIG. 2 by a plate panel 43 fixed to the bottom plate 11. By the urging action of the plate panel 43, the swinging of the date wheel 50 is also prevented.
- the vibrating body 12 of the piezoelectric actuator A is a rectangular plate surrounded by two long sides and two short sides.
- the vibrating body 12 has a reinforcing plate made of stainless steel or the like, which has substantially the same shape as these piezoelectric elements and is thinner than the piezoelectric elements, is sandwiched between two rectangular and plate-shaped piezoelectric elements. It has a laminated structure.
- Piezoelectric elements include lead zirconate titanate (PZT (trademark)), quartz, lithium niobate, barium titanate, lead titanate, lead metaniobate, polyvinylidene fluoride, lead zinc niobate, scandium niobate You can use various things such as lead!
- the vibrating body 12 has a contact portion 13 at a substantially central portion in the width direction of one short side.
- the contact portion 13 is obtained by a method such as cutting and forming a reinforcing plate, and a tip portion having a gentle curved surface protrudes from the piezoelectric element.
- the vibrating body 12 keeps a posture in which the tip of the contact portion 13 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 20.
- the supporting member 14 and the urging member 15 are provided on the piezoelectric actuator A.
- the support member 14 of the piezoelectric actuator A is formed integrally with the reinforcing plate by a method such as cutting and forming the reinforcing plate.
- the support member 14 is an L-shaped member, The vertical portion protrudes vertically from substantially the center of one long side, and the horizontal portion extends toward the rotor 20 side in parallel with the long side of the tip force of the vertical portion.
- a pin protruding from the bottom plate 11 penetrates the end of the horizontal portion opposite to the vertical portion, and the support member 14 and the vibrating body 12 fixed to the support member 14 are rotatable around the pin as a rotation axis. is there.
- One end of an urging member 15 is engaged with substantially the center of the horizontal portion of the support member 14.
- a pin projecting from the bottom plate 11 penetrates a substantially central portion of the urging member 15, and the urging member 15 is rotatable around the pin as a rotation axis.
- the end of the biasing member 15 opposite to the support member 14 is engaged with the bottom plate 11. By changing the position of this end, the contact portion 13 of the vibrating body 12 is moved to the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 20. The pressure applied to the can be adjusted.
- the vibrating body 12 of the piezoelectric actuator A is driven by the drive control device 100 to apply a drive signal of a predetermined frequency to the piezoelectric element, and the longitudinal vibration in the first vibration mode and the longitudinal vibration
- the bending vibration which is the second vibration mode, is induced by the longitudinal vibration, and the contact portion 13 moves in an elliptical orbit in a plane including the plate surface.
- the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 20 is hit by the contact portion 13 of the vibrating body 12, and is driven to rotate clockwise as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
- the rotation of the rotor 20 is transmitted to the date driving wheel 40 via the date driving intermediate wheel 30, and the date driving wheel 40 rotates the date wheel 50 clockwise.
- the transmission of force from the vibrating body 12 to the rotor 20, the rotor 20 to the reduction gear train (the date dial intermediate wheel 30 and the date wheel 40), and the transmission of force from the reduction gear train to the date wheel 50 This is the transmission of force in the direction parallel to the bottom plate 11 surface.
- the vibrating body 12 and the rotor 20 are arranged in the same plane on which coils and rotors are stacked in the thickness direction like a stepping motor, and the date display mechanism 10 can be thinned. Further, since the date display mechanism 10 can be made thin, the entire electronic timepiece 1 can be made thin.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the driving frequency of the driving voltage signal and the vibration state of the vibrating body 12 (the phase difference between the detection signal and the driving voltage signal, the power consumption of the piezoelectric actuator A, and the driving efficiency).
- the detection signal is a vibration signal provided on the piezoelectric element of the vibrating body 12.
- the phase difference indicated by the solid line and the power consumption indicated by the broken line decrease with an increase in the driving frequency of the driving voltage
- the driving efficiency indicated by the dashed line indicates the specific driving frequency ( In the present embodiment, the signal has a peak at a frequency near 276 kHz).
- the driving efficiency of the piezoelectric actuator A depends on the driving frequency of the driving voltage, and there is an optimal driving frequency (optimal driving frequency f0, frequency for realizing the target vibration state) with excellent driving efficiency.
- optimal driving frequency optimal driving frequency f0,
- the piezoelectric actuator A When the piezoelectric actuator A is driven at a drive frequency lower than the optimum drive frequency f0, the power consumption sharply increases, the drive efficiency drops remarkably, and the drive frequency deviates from the optimum drive frequency f0 (in the figure, At frequencies below 274kHz and above 276.5kHz, the drive efficiency is 0 (zero), meaning that the piezoelectric actuator A cannot be driven or can be driven but does not operate as designed.
- the numerical values in the graph of FIG. 3 exemplify actual measurement values for a specific piezoelectric actuator A, and the driving frequency, phase difference, power consumption, driving efficiency, and the like of the driving voltage signal in the piezoelectric actuator A of the present invention. Is not limited.
- the drive control device 100 of the present embodiment is mounted as a circuit on an IC chip, and based on the relationship between the vibration state of the vibrating body 12 and the drive frequency of the drive signal as described above, the optimum drive frequency fO Is set as the target phase difference, and the drive frequency of the drive voltage signal applied to the vibrating body 12 is changed so that the piezoelectric actuator A is feedback controlled so that the phase difference detected during driving approaches the target phase difference. I do. Further, when the piezoelectric actuator A is activated, the drive control device 100 sequentially reduces the frequency sufficiently higher than the optimum drive frequency fO and the frequency (initial frequency fmax) so that the drive frequency of the drive voltage signal becomes the optimum frequency fO. It also performs sweep control for matching.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the drive control device 100 of the present embodiment.
- a drive control device 100 that drives and controls the piezoelectric actuator A includes a driver 110 as a driving unit that sends a drive signal to the piezoelectric actuator A, a detection signal from the piezoelectric actuator A and a drive signal from the driver 110.
- Driving drive signal by inputting drive signal A driving frequency changing means 120 for changing the frequency, a control means 130 for controlling the operation of the driving frequency changing means 120, and a voltage detecting circuit 140 as a voltage detecting means for detecting a power supply voltage supplied from the secondary battery 9. It has.
- a CR transmission circuit 150 outputs a basic clock drive signal (CLK) of the electronic timepiece 1 to the drive frequency changing means 120 and the control means 130, and is the same as the transmission circuit 4.
- CLK basic clock drive signal
- the drive frequency changing means 120 includes first and second waveform shaping circuits 121 and 122, a phase difference DC conversion circuit 123 as phase difference detection means, a phase difference comparison circuit 124 as comparison means, An up-down counter 126, a DA conversion circuit 127, and a variable frequency oscillation circuit 128 are provided. That is, the driving frequency changing means 120 outputs the driving signal output from the driver 110 to the vibrating body 12 and the driving signal output from the vibration detecting electrode due to the vibration of the vibrating body 12 as a result of applying the driving signal to the driving electrode of the vibrating body 12.
- Detection signal the phase difference between these drive signals and the detection signal is detected, and the detected phase difference is compared with a target phase difference set based on the optimum drive frequency f0.
- the drive frequency of the drive signal is changed based on the result, and the changed drive frequency signal is output to the driver 110.
- the driver 110 is a circuit that is electrically connected to the driving electrode of the vibrating body 12, amplifies the output signal output from the variable frequency oscillation circuit 128, and applies the driving signal to the driving electrode of the vibrating body 12.
- the first and second waveform shaping circuits 121 and 122 are electrically connected to the driver 110 and the vibration detection electrodes of the vibrating body 12, respectively, and drive signals output from the driver 110 and the vibration detection electrodes. This is a circuit that receives the output detection signal, shapes the waveforms of the drive signal and the detection signal, and outputs the shaped drive signal and the detection signal to the phase difference DC conversion circuit 123.
- the phase difference DC conversion circuit 123 is a circuit that outputs a signal corresponding to the phase difference between the drive signal and the detection signal shaped by the waveform shaping circuits 121 and 122.
- the phase difference DC conversion circuit 123 includes a phase difference detection unit (not shown) and an average voltage conversion unit.
- the phase difference detection section generates a phase difference signal having a pulse width corresponding to the phase difference between the drive signal and the detection signal, and outputs this phase difference signal to the average voltage conversion section.
- the average voltage converter averages the output phase difference signal and outputs the phase difference between the drive signal and the detection signal. Is output to the phase difference comparison circuit 124.
- the phase difference comparison circuit 124 calculates a voltage value of the phase difference signal output from the phase difference DC conversion circuit 123 and a comparison voltage value corresponding to the target phase difference 125 set based on the optimal driving frequency f0. And outputs comparison information as a comparison result to the up / down counter 126.
- the phase difference comparison circuit 124 includes, for example, a comparator and the like, and outputs a high-level signal (H) as comparison information to the up / down counter 126 when the voltage value of the phase difference signal is equal to or less than the comparison voltage value. I do.
- a low-level signal (L) as comparison information is output to the up / down counter 126.
- the up / down counter 126 is a circuit that causes the variable frequency oscillation circuit 128 to change the drive frequency of the drive signal based on the comparison information (H or L signal) output from the phase difference comparison circuit 124. , And two AND gates (not shown).
- the AND gate inputs the signal (H or L) of the comparison information output from the phase difference comparison circuit 124 and the CLK signal transmitted from the CR transmission circuit 150, and according to the input timing of the CLK signal, If the comparison information is a high-level signal (H), an up-count input is performed. If the comparison information is a single-level signal (L), a down-count input is performed.
- the up / down counter 126 is composed of, for example, a 12-bit counter or the like. The counter value is increased or decreased by an up-count input or a down-count input from an AND gate, and the 12-bit counter value is converted into a DZA conversion circuit. Output to 127.
- a frequency control voltage value according to the counter value of the up / down counter 126 is set internally.
- the DZA conversion circuit 127 outputs a frequency control voltage signal corresponding to a frequency control voltage value corresponding to the counter value to the variable frequency oscillation circuit 128 .
- the variable frequency oscillation circuit 128 oscillates at a frequency corresponding to the frequency control voltage signal output from the DZA conversion circuit 127, and outputs the signal to the driver 110.
- the driver 110 has a driving frequency corresponding to the output signal output from the variable frequency oscillation circuit 128.
- a drive signal is applied to the drive electrode of the vibrator 12.
- the control means 130 controls the drive frequency change processing of the drive signal by the drive frequency change means 120 based on the power supply voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 140. That is, the control means 130 performs two types of control, that is, sweep control in a starting step of the piezoelectric actuator A, which will be described later, and intermittent drive control of the piezoelectric actuator A.
- the control means 130 includes a control circuit 131 and a timer 132.
- the timer 132 receives the CLK signal transmitted from the CR transmission circuit 150 and outputs time information to the control circuit 131 according to the CLK signal.
- the control circuit 131 outputs a command to reset the time information to the timer 132 during the sweep control or the intermittent drive control.
- a power supply voltage signal from the voltage detection circuit 140 is input to the control circuit 131, and the control circuit 131 detects the power supply voltage value of the secondary battery 9 based on the power supply voltage signal.
- control circuit 131 outputs a control signal to up / down counter 126 or driver 110 based on the power supply voltage signal from voltage detection circuit 140 and the time information from timer 132. That is, when performing the sweep control of the piezoelectric actuator A, the control circuit 131 outputs an initialization signal to the up / down counter 126, sets the counter value to 0, and sets the drive frequency of the drive signal to the initial frequency fmax. Become Further, when performing the intermittent drive control of the piezoelectric actuator A, the control circuit 131 outputs a stop signal or a restart signal to the driver 110 and stops the output of the drive signal from the driver 110 to the piezoelectric actuator A. Or restart.
- the control by the control circuit 131 is performed based on the power supply voltage. Specifically, when the piezoelectric actuator A is started, or when the power supply voltage decreases faster than the reference decrease rate, , Sweep control is performed. If the rate of decrease in the power supply voltage is slower than the reference rate of decrease after the activation of the piezoelectric actuator A, the intermittent drive control is performed.
- the control circuit 131 operates with the drive start signal from the switch 8 as a trigger, and activates the piezoelectric actuator A based on the CLK signal transmitted from the CR transmission circuit 150.
- the control circuit 131 receives a rotation detection signal from the panel panel 34 and the contact 35 as rotation detecting means of the date display mechanism 10, and based on the signal, the control circuit 13 1 sends a stop signal to the driver 110 to complete the driving of the piezoelectric actuator A.
- the number of rotations of the date driving intermediate wheel 30 is detected from the number of contacts between the plate panel 34 of the date display mechanism 10 and the contact 35, and the detected number of rotations is input to the control circuit 131 as a rotation detection signal.
- a predetermined drive amount of the piezoelectric actuator A that is, a rotation amount of the date wheel 50 for one day can be detected.
- the amount of rotation of the date wheel 50 is not limited to the one using the panel panel 34 or the contact 35, but may be the one that detects the rotation state of the rotor 20 or the date wheel 30 and outputs a predetermined pulse signal.
- Various types of rotary encoders such as known photo reflectors, photo interrupters, and MR sensors can be used.
- the driving frequency changing means 120 may include an integrating circuit (not shown) in place of the up / down counter 126 so as to change the driving frequency of the driving signal based on the output value of the integrating circuit. It may be configured.
- the integration circuit includes a capacitor, and outputs the amount of charge accumulated in the capacitor to the DZA conversion circuit 127 as an output value, thereby changing the drive frequency of the drive signal.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a drive control method of the piezoelectric actuator A.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a part of the drive control method.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the operation of the drive control device 100.
- the control circuit 131 that has received the drive start signal from the switch 8 outputs a drive start signal to the driver 110, and starts driving the piezoelectric actuator A (step Sl).
- step S21 voltage detection process
- step S21 voltage detection process
- step S22 the control circuit 131 instructs the voltage detection circuit 140 to start measuring the power supply voltage
- step S21 voltage detection process
- step S22 the control circuit 131 outputs an initialization signal to the up / down counter 126, and The data value is set to 0 and the drive frequency of the drive signal is set to the initial frequency (predetermined drive frequency) fmax (step S22).
- control circuit 131 determines whether or not the rate of decrease of the power supply voltage is faster than the reference decrease rate based on the time signal from timer 132 and the power supply voltage signal from voltage detection circuit 140.
- the reference decrease speed is a decrease speed when the time required for the power supply voltage to decrease from the drive start voltage VI to the drive stop voltage V2 is the reference time t0.
- the reference time t0 is set based on the activation time of the piezoelectric actuator A. For example, in the case of the piezoelectric actuator A whose activation time is about lmsec, the reference time t0 is set to about 2 msec. .
- the time t during which the power supply voltage decreases to the drive stop voltage V2 is shorter than the reference time t0, it is determined that the power supply voltage decrease speed is faster than the reference decrease speed, and if the power supply voltage decrease time is longer than the reference time to. It is determined that the rate of decrease of the source voltage is faster than the reference rate of decrease.
- step S23 control step
- the rate of decrease of the power supply voltage is faster than the reference decrease rate ("Yes"), that is, as shown by the solid line in FIG. If the drive stop voltage V2 has dropped to the drive stop voltage V2 at time tl, which is shorter than the reference time t0, the process returns to step S22, and the drive frequency is swept again from the initial frequency fmax. That is, since the power supply voltage immediately decreases (drive efficiency is low), it is determined that the activation of the piezoelectric actuator A has failed, and the piezoelectric actuator A is restarted. When restarting, the piezoelectric actuator A is stopped for a predetermined time, and the apparatus waits until the power supply voltage returns to the drive start voltage VI.
- the driving signal is applied from the driver 110, and the driving of the piezoelectric actuator A cannot be started in spite of the fact that the piezoelectric actuator A cannot be started, or during the sweep. Due to the variation in the detection signal, the drive frequency jumps over the optimal drive frequency f0! / ⁇ It is possible that the drive signal becomes lower in frequency than the optimal drive frequency f0. In such a case, since the driving efficiency is deteriorated, the power supply voltage is sharply reduced.
- the reasons why the piezoelectric actuator A cannot start driving or the detection signal varies include noise due to static electricity, a temporary change in the vibration state of the piezoelectric actuator A due to impact, vibration, and the like.
- step S23 the power supply voltage lowering rate is slower than the reference lowering rate ("No"), that is, the voltage is driven for a time t2 longer than the reference time t0 as shown by a dashed line in FIG. If the voltage drops to the stop voltage V2, it is determined that the activation of the piezoelectric actuator A has been successful, and the process proceeds to the next step S24.
- No the reference lowering rate
- step S24 the phase difference between the drive signal whose drive frequency is sequentially reduced and the detection signal is compared with the target phase difference. Until the phase difference reaches the target phase difference, ie, in step S24, " If the determination is "No,” the drive frequency means of step S25 sweeps the frequency at which the counter value of the up-down counter 126 increases and the drive frequency sequentially decreases corresponding to the counter value (change of the drive frequency). Step), and return to step S23 to judge again the power supply voltage decreasing speed.
- step S24 when the phase difference has reached the target phase difference (“Yes”), that is, when the phase difference comparing circuit 124 determines that the phase difference has exceeded the target phase difference, Move to step S26.
- step S26 the drive frequency of the drive signal is locked to the frequency (optimal drive frequency f0) at the time when the target phase difference is reached, and the process proceeds to step S3 in FIG. 5 to continue driving the piezoelectric actuator A.
- the sweep control of the piezoelectric actuator A is executed by the above steps S21 to S26.
- the piezoelectric actuator A which has been successfully started as described above and is driven near the optimum driving frequency f0, determines that the rotation speed of the date intermediate wheel 30 has reached the predetermined rotation speed in step S3 described later. It is completed when it exceeds.
- step S3 the power supply voltage V is compared with the minimum operating voltage V2 in step S4, and the power supply voltage V is set to the minimum operating voltage.
- step S4 the driver 110 continues to apply the drive signal until the rotation speed of the date intermediate wheel 30 exceeds the predetermined rotation speed, and the piezoelectric actuator A Keeps working. Then, as the piezoelectric actuator A continues to operate, the battery voltage V gradually decreases as shown in FIG.
- step S4 When the control circuit 131 determines “No” in step S4, that is, when the power supply voltage V falls below the minimum operating voltage V2, the control circuit 131 outputs a drive stop signal for instructing a drive stop to the driver 110, The driving of the piezoelectric actuator A is stopped (step S5). Then, by stopping the driving of the piezoelectric actuator A, the battery voltage V gradually recovers as shown in FIG.
- step S6 while the power supply voltage V is lower than the drive start voltage VI, that is, when it is determined “No” in step S6, the control circuit 131 drives the piezoelectric actuator A Will be stopped, and will wait until the power supply voltage V returns to the drive start voltage VI.
- step S6 when the power supply voltage V exceeds the drive start voltage VI, that is, when it is determined to be “ ⁇ ” in step S6, the control circuit 131 outputs a drive restart signal for instructing drive restart to the driver 110, The driving of the piezoelectric actuator A is restarted (step S7). After the driving of the piezoelectric actuator A is resumed in this manner, the process returns to step S3, and the piezoelectric actuator A is intermittently driven until the rotation speed of the date intermediate wheel 30 exceeds a predetermined rotation speed.
- the intermittent drive control is executed by repeating the drive stop and restart of the piezoelectric actuator A in steps S4 to S7. Also, during the intermittent driving, the phase difference between the detection signal and the driving signal is compared by the phase difference comparing circuit 124 of the driving frequency changing means 120, and the count value of the up / down counter 126 is changed. Feedback control is performed to adjust the drive frequency of the drive signal so that it does not deviate from the optimum drive frequency fO.
- step S3 the control circuit 131 determines whether the rotation speed of the date dial intermediate wheel 30 has exceeded a predetermined rotation speed based on the rotation detection signal to which the rotation detection means force has also been input, that is, the date wheel 50 Judge whether the power has been rotated for one day. If the rotation speed of the date wheel 50 is insufficient, that is, if “No” is determined in step S10, the driving of the piezoelectric actuator A is continued, and the date wheel 50 If “Yes” is determined in S3, a drive stop signal is output to the driver 110 to stop driving the piezoelectric actuator A, and drive control is completed.
- the piezoelectric actuator A In the above drive control, if the battery voltage V does not fall below the minimum operating voltage V2 before the rotation amount of the date wheel 50 reaches the predetermined amount, the piezoelectric actuator A also increases its drive start force until the drive is completed. It will be driven without being stopped.
- the sweep control from step S21 to step S26 is not limited to being performed only when the piezoelectric actuator A is started, but may be performed during intermittent driving. That is, even if the drive frequency of the drive signal is matched with the optimum drive frequency fO by the sweep control at the time of starting, the drive frequency may be shifted from the optimum drive frequency fO force for some reason during driving.
- the reason why the driving frequency of the piezoelectric actuator A deviates from the optimal driving frequency fO is, for example, noise due to static electricity, a temporary change in the vibration state of the piezoelectric actuator A due to impact, vibration, or the like. .
- the control circuit 131 monitors the rate of decrease of the power supply voltage based on the time signal from the timer 132 and the power supply voltage signal from the voltage detection circuit 140. If it is faster, the sweep control from step S21 to S26 is executed again. In this way, the driving efficiency of the piezoelectric actuator A can be constantly stabilized.
- the driving efficiency is deteriorated, for example, when the activation of the piezoelectric actuator A has failed, the deterioration of the driving efficiency is immediately determined based on the speed of decrease of the power supply voltage, so that the driving is immediately restarted. It can be started (re-swept) and the time required for this determination is shorter than before, so that the process from abnormality detection to drive signal optimization can be performed quickly and power consumption can be reduced. And power saving can be realized.
- the success or failure of the activation of the piezoelectric actuator A can be determined with higher accuracy, and the time required for re-sweep when the activation fails can be further reduced.
- the phase difference comparison circuit 124 can immediately determine whether the force for increasing the drive frequency should be reduced or not. Control can be performed quickly.
- the power consumption is reduced by reducing the initial frequency fmax from the initial frequency fmax toward the lower frequency, that is, by sweeping from the higher frequency side where the power consumption is small. It is possible to match with the optimal drive frequency f0 while suppressing.
- the drive frequency of the drive signal is swept based on the counter value of the up / down counter 126 (or the output value of the integration circuit), and the drive frequency is initialized by resetting the counter value.
- the piezoelectric actuator A can be restarted by returning to the initial frequency fmax, so that sweep control can be easily performed, and the circuit of the drive control device 100 can have a simple structure.
- the date display mechanism 10 by driving the date display mechanism 10 by the piezoelectric actuator A, high-efficiency driving can be realized in a small and thin configuration, and the electronic timepiece 1 can be downsized. Further, the date display mechanism 10 driven by the piezoelectric actuator A is not always driven, but is driven only for a limited time in one day and is driven only by a predetermined drive amount (rotation amount). Therefore, it is necessary to start the piezoelectric actuator A properly at the start of driving. Sweep control is suitable.
- the configuration of the electronic timepiece 1 as the electronic device in the present embodiment is substantially the same as in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the electronic timepiece 1 according to the present embodiment has a relationship between the power supply 9 and the time display unit and the date display mechanism 10, and the relationship between the drive timing of the time display unit (hand 2) and the drive timing of the date display mechanism 10. There are features. This feature will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electronic timepiece 1 as an electronic device according to the present embodiment.
- a large-capacity capacitor (secondary battery) 9 serving as a power supply of the electronic timepiece 1 includes a booster circuit 9B, an auxiliary capacitor 9C, and a constant voltage circuit 9D.
- the large-capacity capacitor 9 is connected to the drive control circuit 100A of the date display mechanism 10 through the same control means 130 and voltage detection circuit (voltage detection means) 140 as those shown in FIG. It is connected to the. Then, the basic clock drive signal from the transmission circuit 4 is input to the timer 132 of the control means 130.
- the power supply voltage charged in the large-capacitance capacitor 9 is boosted by the booster circuit 9B, and the auxiliary capacitor 9C is charged and applied to the drive unit of the time display unit, thereby providing a stepping motor.
- a stable drive voltage can be supplied to 3 and the movement of the pointer 2 can be stabilized.
- the drive control method of the piezoelectric actuator A controls the drive of the piezoelectric actuator A at an operation timing such that the loads do not overlap according to a load other than the piezoelectric actuator A in the electronic timepiece 1. is there.
- the loads other than the piezoelectric actuator A in the electronic timepiece 1 include a driving pulse for the stepping motor 3 in the time display section, a driving pulse for an alarm or a buzzer, a driving pulse for the vibration motor, and a moving member such as the pointer 2.
- a driving pulse for the stepping motor 3 in the time display section a driving pulse for an alarm or a buzzer
- a driving pulse for the vibration motor a driving pulse for the vibration motor
- a moving member such as the pointer 2.
- a device having a large load (heavy load) on a power supply voltage such as a drive pulse of a light emitting diode.
- FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing the operation of the electronic timepiece 1.
- the stepping motor 3 (second motor) is driven by the drive pulse D1 based on the 1 Hz reference signal from the frequency divider 5, the voltage drop occurs at 1-second intervals. awake. If the piezoelectric actuator A is to be started at the timing when such a voltage drop occurs, it is determined that the power supply voltage has dropped even though the actual power supply voltage has not dropped, and the drive frequency changing means The drive frequency change by 120 is frequently performed. For this reason, in the drive control method of the present embodiment, the detection timing D3 of the voltage drop by the voltage detection circuit 140 is based on the basic clock drive signal from the transmission circuit 4 and the drive pulse D1 of the stepping motor 3 (second motor). It is set to deviate from the timing.
- voltage detection is performed by the voltage detection circuit 140 during the 1 Hz reference signal interval (approximately 1 second), and the voltage detection is performed immediately before and after the drive pulse of the stepping motor 3 is output. Is not executed. Then, the drive timing D2 of the piezoelectric actuator A is also set so as to deviate from the timing of the drive pulse D1 of the stepping motor 3, similarly to the detection timing D3.
- the voltage drop detection timing D3 is shifted from the timing at which the drive with a large load on the power supply voltage is executed (the timing of the drive pulse D1).
- the effects of such heavy loads can be avoided, and the power supply voltage is not
- the drive frequency of the piezoelectric actuator A from being unnecessarily changed even though it is operating normally. Therefore, in the electronic timepiece 1, the movement of the hands of the hands 2 can be stabilized, and unnecessary power consumption can be prevented to realize further power saving.
- the present embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that the drive control device 100 (drive control circuit 100A) is applied to a portable electronic device, but the configuration of the drive device of the piezoelectric actuator is as described above. Same as any of the embodiments.
- the same components as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
- the electronic device is a non-contact IC card 200 having a payment function
- the IC card 200 is provided with a piezoelectric actuator A and a driving device 210.
- FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of the non-contact type IC card 200.
- a balance display counter 201 for displaying the balance is provided on the front side of the non-contact type IC card 200.
- the balance display counter 201 displays a four-digit balance, and as shown in FIG. 11, a balance display unit 202 for displaying upper two digits and a lower digit display unit 203 for displaying lower two digits. Have.
- the upper digit display section 202 is connected to the piezoelectric actuator A via the rotor 20A, and is driven by the driving force of the rotor 20A.
- the main part of the upper digit display portion 202 has a feed claw, a drive gear 202A that makes one rotation when the rotor 20A rotates lZn, and a first upper digit display wheel 202B that rotates one division by one rotation of the drive gear 202A.
- a second upper digit display wheel 202C that rotates one division with one rotation of the first upper digit display vehicle 202B, and a fixing member 202D that fixes the first upper digit display vehicle 202B when the first upper digit display vehicle 202B is not rotating.
- the second upper digit display vehicle 202C is also not shown for fixing the second upper digit display vehicle 202C.
- a fixing member is provided.
- the drive gear 202A makes one rotation when the rotor 20A rotates lZn. Then, the feed claw of the drive gear 202A is engaged with the feed gear portion of the first upper digit display wheel 202B, and the first upper digit display wheel 202B rotates by one division. Further, when the first upper digit display wheel 202B rotates and makes one revolution, the feed pin provided on the first upper digit display wheel 202B rotates the feed gear and rotates the feed gear of the second upper digit display wheel 202C. As a result, the second upper digit display vehicle 202C is rotated by one division.
- the lower digit display unit 203 is connected to the piezoelectric actuator A via the rotor 20B, and is driven by the driving force of the rotor 20B.
- the main part of the lower digit display section 203 includes a drive gear 203A having a feed claw and rotating once when the rotor 20B rotates by lZn, a first lower digit display wheel 203B rotating one division by one rotation of the drive gear 203A, A second lower-digit display wheel 203C that rotates by one division in one rotation of the first lower-digit display wheel 203B is provided.
- the first lower-digit display wheel 203B has a feed gear portion that engages with the feed claw of the drive gear 203A, and rotates one graduation by one rotation of the drive gear 203A.
- the first lower-digit display wheel 203B is provided with a feed pin.
- the feed gear is rotated, and the second lower-digit display wheel 203C is rotated by one. Rotate by the scale.
- the fixing members (not shown) of the first lower-digit display wheel 203B and the second lower-digit display wheel 203C are engaged with the respective feed gear portions during non-rotation, so that the first lower-digit display wheel 203B and the second lower-digit display wheel 203B are not rotated. Fix the lower digit display wheel 203C.
- the actuator A is set so as to be driven synchronously by the driving device 210, and the driving device 210 corresponds to a settlement amount by an IC card chip (not shown).
- the drive is performed by inputting a drive control signal to be performed.
- the specific structure of the driving device 210 is the same as that of the driving control device 100 in each of the above-described embodiments, and thus the description is omitted.
- the remaining balance can be displayed mechanically even on a thin portable device such as a non-contact IC card, and it can be displayed without the need for a power source except during driving. Therefore, display can be performed with low commercial power, and the display can be maintained even when the power supply is lost.
- the electronic timepiece 1 as a wristwatch and the non-contact type IC card 200 have been described.
- the electronic timepiece is not limited to a wristwatch, but may be a table clock or a wall clock.
- the present invention is applicable not only to electronic watches and IC cards, but also to various other electronic devices, and is particularly suitable for portable electronic devices that require miniaturization.
- examples of various electronic devices include a telephone, a mobile phone, a personal computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and a camera having a clock function.
- the present invention can be applied to electronic devices such as cameras without a clock function, digital cameras, video cameras, and mobile phones with a camera function.
- the driving means of the present invention can be used to drive a lens focusing mechanism, a zoom mechanism, an aperture adjustment mechanism, and the like. Further, the driving means of the present invention may be used for a driving mechanism of a meter pointer of a measuring instrument, a driving mechanism of a movable toy, or the like.
- the piezoelectric actuator A which is a driving unit, is used to drive the date display mechanism of the electronic timepiece 1.
- the present invention is not limited to this. It may be driven by means. In this way, by replacing the stepping motor 3 for driving the hands with the piezoelectric actuator A, the electronic timepiece can be made even thinner, and the piezoelectric actuator A is less affected by magnetism than the stepping motor. Accordingly, high magnetic resistance of the electronic timepiece can be achieved.
- each means and the like in the drive control device 100 is constituted by hardware such as various logic circuit elements, but is not limited thereto, and a CPU (central processing unit) and a memory (storage device) It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a computer provided with the above is provided in an electronic device, and a predetermined program or data (data stored in each storage unit) is incorporated in the computer to realize each means.
- the programs and data may be stored in a memory such as a RAM or a ROM incorporated in the electronic device in advance.
- a predetermined control program or data is stored in a memory in an electronic device by a communication means such as the Internet, a CD-ROM, a memory card, or the like. May be installed via the recording medium described above. Then, the CPU or the like may be operated by a program stored in the memory to realize each unit.
- a memory card or a CD-ROM or the like may be directly inserted into the watch or portable device, or a device that reads these storage media may be used. It may be connected to a watch or mobile device externally.
- a LAN cable, a telephone line, or the like may be connected to a watch or a portable device to supply and install a program or the like by communication, or a program may be supplied and installed by wireless.
- the phase difference between the detection signal and the drive voltage signal is detected as an indication of the vibration state of the vibrating body 12, and based on a comparison between this phase difference and the target phase difference,
- the drive frequency of the drive signal is changed, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the voltage value or current value of the detection signal may be used to represent the vibration state of the vibrating body 12.
- the voltage value or current value of the detection signal may be compared with the voltage value or current value of the drive signal. Just do it.
- the target phase difference is not limited to a predetermined constant value, and may be configured to be appropriately changeable according to the vibration state of the vibrating body 12.
- the high frequency and the high frequency power which are the initial frequencies fmax, also reduce the driving frequency.
- the frequency may be increased.
- the optimum frequency f0 at the time of the previous (previous day) drive may be stored, and the previous value may be used as an initial value.
- the rate of decrease in the power supply voltage is calculated using the timer 132.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of frequency change processing during sweep control is counted using a counter or the like. Calculate the drop rate of the power supply voltage based on the value.
- the present invention can be used as a piezoelectric actuator driving device, an electronic device, a driving method for an electronic device, a drive control program for an electronic device, and a recording medium on which the program is recorded.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005518821A JP4192949B2 (ja) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | 圧電アクチュエータ駆動装置、電子機器、その駆動方法、その駆動制御プログラム、そのプログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
EP05726628A EP1739820B1 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | Apparatus, method and program for driving a piezoelectric actuator and electronic device comprising the same |
DE602005014762T DE602005014762D1 (de) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | Vorrichtung, methode und programm zur ansteuerung eines piezoelektrischen aktors und elektronisches bauelement mit einem solchen |
CN2005800015608A CN1906843B (zh) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | 压电致动器驱动装置、电子设备、其驱动方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-076507 | 2004-03-17 | ||
JP2004076507 | 2004-03-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005088823A1 true WO2005088823A1 (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
Family
ID=34975924
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/004768 WO2005088823A1 (ja) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | 圧電アクチュエータ駆動装置、電子機器、その駆動方法、その駆動制御プログラム、そのプログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7339305B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1739820B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4192949B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1906843B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005014762D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005088823A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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JP2018062936A (ja) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | 研能科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 圧電ポンプの駆動システム |
JP2019215365A (ja) * | 2013-04-23 | 2019-12-19 | マイクロ モーション インコーポレイテッド | 振動式センサ用に駆動信号を生成する方法 |
WO2020080193A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動型アクチュエータから安定した出力を得ることを可能とする駆動制御装置と駆動制御方法、振動型アクチュエータを備える振動型駆動装置及び装置 |
JP2020098966A (ja) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | 株式会社デンソー | 位相差調整回路 |
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US7553295B2 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2009-06-30 | Iradimed Corporation | Liquid infusion apparatus |
JP2007215390A (ja) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-08-23 | Seiko Epson Corp | 圧電アクチュエータの駆動制御方法、圧電アクチュエータの駆動制御装置、および電子機器 |
US8105282B2 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2012-01-31 | Iradimed Corporation | System and method for communication with an infusion device |
US8454817B2 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2013-06-04 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Mechanism for direct-water-splitting via piezoelectrochemical effect |
CN102782593B (zh) * | 2010-02-15 | 2014-04-09 | 西铁城控股株式会社 | 电子计时装置 |
JP5792951B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-16 | 2015-10-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動型アクチュエータの制御装置 |
JP5884303B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-03-15 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエーター、ロボットハンド、及びロボット |
JP5799596B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-10 | 2015-10-28 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエーター、ロボットハンド、及びロボット |
US9520813B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2016-12-13 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Actuator drive device |
TWI605681B (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-11-11 | 研能科技股份有限公司 | 壓電泵浦之驅動系統 |
US11268506B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2022-03-08 | Iradimed Corporation | Fluid pumps for use in MRI environment |
US11533011B2 (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-12-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Actuator driver circuit with self-resonance tracking |
DE102020135100B4 (de) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-08-11 | Realization Desal Ag | Armbanduhr |
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JPH05184171A (ja) * | 1992-01-08 | 1993-07-23 | Canon Inc | 振動波モータ駆動制御装置 |
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JPH0628230Y2 (ja) * | 1989-05-30 | 1994-08-03 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 超音波振動子の振動制御装置 |
JP3169421B2 (ja) * | 1992-03-13 | 2001-05-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動波モータの駆動制御装置 |
JP2872862B2 (ja) * | 1992-06-12 | 1999-03-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動型モータの駆動装置 |
JP3315525B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-19 | 2002-08-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動駆動装置 |
DE69838595T2 (de) * | 1997-12-12 | 2008-07-24 | Canon K.K. | Antriebsvorrichtung für einen Vibrationsaktor |
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2005
- 2005-03-17 US US11/081,673 patent/US7339305B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-17 JP JP2005518821A patent/JP4192949B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-17 DE DE602005014762T patent/DE602005014762D1/de active Active
- 2005-03-17 CN CN2005800015608A patent/CN1906843B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-17 EP EP05726628A patent/EP1739820B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-03-17 WO PCT/JP2005/004768 patent/WO2005088823A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
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JPH05184171A (ja) * | 1992-01-08 | 1993-07-23 | Canon Inc | 振動波モータ駆動制御装置 |
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JP2019215365A (ja) * | 2013-04-23 | 2019-12-19 | マイクロ モーション インコーポレイテッド | 振動式センサ用に駆動信号を生成する方法 |
JP2018062936A (ja) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | 研能科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 圧電ポンプの駆動システム |
US10883485B2 (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2021-01-05 | Microjet Technology Co., Ltd. | Driving system for piezoelectric pump |
WO2020080193A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動型アクチュエータから安定した出力を得ることを可能とする駆動制御装置と駆動制御方法、振動型アクチュエータを備える振動型駆動装置及び装置 |
JP2020065321A (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動型駆動装置、振動型アクチュエータの駆動制御装置と駆動制御方法及び装置 |
JP7191635B2 (ja) | 2018-10-15 | 2022-12-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | 振動型駆動装置、振動型アクチュエータの駆動制御装置と駆動制御方法及び装置 |
US11664748B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2023-05-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Drive control device and drive control method that enable stable output to be obtained from vibration type actuator, vibration type drive device including vibration type actuator, and apparatus |
JP2020098966A (ja) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | 株式会社デンソー | 位相差調整回路 |
JP7206882B2 (ja) | 2018-12-17 | 2023-01-18 | 株式会社デンソー | 位相差調整回路 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1739820B1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
CN1906843B (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
US20050231069A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
EP1739820A4 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
DE602005014762D1 (de) | 2009-07-16 |
CN1906843A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
US7339305B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 |
JP4192949B2 (ja) | 2008-12-10 |
JPWO2005088823A1 (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
EP1739820A1 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
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