WO2005079923A1 - タンクへの消火剤供給方法及びタンク用消火剤供給設備 - Google Patents
タンクへの消火剤供給方法及びタンク用消火剤供給設備 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005079923A1 WO2005079923A1 PCT/JP2005/002673 JP2005002673W WO2005079923A1 WO 2005079923 A1 WO2005079923 A1 WO 2005079923A1 JP 2005002673 W JP2005002673 W JP 2005002673W WO 2005079923 A1 WO2005079923 A1 WO 2005079923A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- extinguishant
- fire
- extinguishing agent
- side wall
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for supplying a extinguishant to a tank storing flammable liquids in case of a fire, and a facility for supplying the extinguishant.
- tank storage which is installed on the ground.
- the tank has a substantially cylindrical shape, is provided in a floating state on a flammable liquid, and has a floating roof type having a floating roof that moves up and down along the liquid level. If a fire occurs in a tank storing such combustible fuel and the scale of the fire becomes large, the tank side wall may be accompanied by the collapse, and such a phenomenon is prevented in the extinguishing process, and the tank fire extinguishes quickly. It is a big issue to do.
- the scale is local immediately after a fire occurs, and it is possible to perform an initial fire extinguishing which is relatively difficult, but if this time is lost, the fire will spread over the entire flammable surface.
- the behavior of the flame at the time of fire is not stable at a constant state, and for example, it becomes a phenomenon accompanied by an action that “the flame breathes” in which ambient air is taken in during the flame (for example, 1-5 0 397, "Detailed Description of the Invention", third paragraph, cf.
- the tank side wall above the flammable liquid level rises to near the flame temperature (1200 ° C or more).
- the flammable liquid is removed by the flammable liquid immediately below the liquid surface of the tank side wall, and the temperature drops sharply, for example, to near the boiling point of the flammable liquid.
- the side wall is made of steel with a thickness of 5 to 2 O mm, so under the above temperature conditions, the side wall expands in the direction of expansion of the tank (expansion of diameter) at the site where flames are present. There is almost no change in the lower part of the sex liquid.
- the temperature of steel products is It is known that, in the process of rising from a temperature to a high temperature of 120 ° C. or more, deterioration or the like occurs in the material and, for example, the material becomes brittle. Due to these facts, expansion expansion in the circumferential direction of the side wall at the time of tank fire differs depending on the height position of the tank.
- the expansion is small in the lower part of the liquid level near the flammable liquid level and large in the upper part of the liquid level. Therefore, stress due to differential expansion acts on the tank side wall, so cracking or bending tends to occur, which may cause tank collapse.
- the method of releasing the extinguishant into the tank is the method of hanging the foam extinguishing agent along the wall from the tank side wall, the method of injecting the foam extinguishing agent from the bottom of the tank and spreading it on the liquid surface, the foam from the outside It is known how to inject the inside of a tank by a radiation cannon.
- the same document also shows a technology using carbon dioxide which has the action of diluting the flammable gas and the action of cooling as a extinguishing agent.
- This fire extinguishment using carbon dioxide is to extinguish fires by making the fire compartments incombustible.
- the tank side wall may be heated by the flame, and the tank side wall may be curved or the like.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-2014 is effective when the fire occurring on the floating roof type tank is an initial fire.
- fire-fighting targets are limited to floating roof type tanks, and when the fire becomes large, the floating roof may sink as described above, which is not applicable in such cases.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to suppress the temperature rise of the tank side wall at the time of fire and to extinguish the tank fire quickly. Providing methods and equipment. Disclosure of the invention
- the method of supplying a extinguishant to a tank according to claim 1, which achieves the above object, is a method of supplying a extinguishant on the surface of the flammable liquid surface of a substantially cylindrical tank for storing flammable liquid, which comprises: The fire extinguishing agent is injected from the vicinity of the side wall of the tank above the liquid surface of the organic liquid, and the injection is performed at a predetermined angle with respect to the center direction of the tank in the circumferential direction of the tank.
- the injection of the extinguishing agent eg foam (foam solution)
- the injection of the extinguishing agent gives a swirling movement to the gas above the combustible liquid being burned.
- the rising air flow is already generated by the fire energy, but the above-mentioned injection operation gives a whirl of the swirling flow generation and the swirling of the gas occurs.
- an updraft that rises like a dragonfly is generated.
- the upwelling air current is a gas flow that flows upward while stably swirling, so the inside of the upflow air is under negative pressure relative to the surrounding air pressure. That is, the updraft has a suction force that entrains surrounding gas in the center, and the flame is drawn to be drawn to the center of the tank by this updraft like updraft. As a result, the flame is moved inward from the tank side wall, the temperature rise of the tank side wall is suppressed, and the curvature due to the thermal expansion of the tank side wall until the fire extinguishing agent is filled in the tank and the fire is extinguished effectively. It is prevented.
- the extinguishant injected into the tank is gradually expanded toward the center while swirling on the upper surface of the flammable liquid level. Since the level expansion of the extinguishant is drawn to the central area by the suction force of the updraft formed in the central area of the tank by the swirling flow, the amount of the extinguishant disappears to the outside of the tank is small, so the swift and reliable The entire surface of the flammable liquid is covered, and extinguishing of the tank fire is performed quickly and reliably.
- the method for supplying extinguishant to the tank according to claim 2 is the method for supplying extinguishant to the tank according to claim 1, wherein the injection of the extinguishant is carried out from a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the tank sidewall. It is characterized in that it is carried out in the common circumferential direction.
- the swirling gas flow can be generated more reliably. That is, Since the extinguishant injection force that generates the swirling gas flow can be obtained from a plurality of positions on the tank side wall, it is possible to more reliably obtain the energy required to swirl the gas. In addition, even if some of the multiple locations where the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed become incapable of spraying, this can be compensated by the fire extinguishing agent from other locations, and the certainty of operation is also improved.
- the tank extinguishing agent supply facility is provided in a substantially cylindrical tank for storing flammable liquid, and is a facility for injecting a extinguishing agent onto the liquid surface of the flammable liquid, and the flammable agent is flammable.
- a plurality of extinguishant injection ports provided at predetermined intervals on the tank side wall above the liquid surface of the liquid, each having a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction common to the tank with respect to the center direction of the tank to inject the extinguishant
- a extinguishant supply device for supplying a extinguishant.
- the extinguishant injected into the tank is gradually spread toward the center while swirling on the upper surface of the flammable liquid level. Since the level expansion of the extinguishant is drawn to the central area by the suction force of the rising air formed in the central area of the tank by the swirling flow, the entire surface of the flammable liquid is covered quickly and reliably, and the tank fire is Fire extinguishing will be carried out quickly and reliably.
- the tank fire extinguisher supply facility according to claim 4 is the tank fire extinguisher supply facility according to claim 3, and the fire extinguisher jet orifices can be adjusted with their respective injection directions within a predetermined range. It is characterized in that it is provided.
- the tank-extinguishing agent supply facility is the tank-extinguishing agent supply facility according to any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the tank contains a tank in addition to the extinguishant jet port.
- An auxiliary fire extinguishing agent supply port for supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the inside is additionally provided.
- the auxiliary extinguishant is additionally added from the auxiliary extinguishant supply port, so that the flammable liquid can be more reliably and rapidly. It can cover the liquid surface.
- the tank fire extinguishant supply facility according to claim 6 is the tank fire extinguisher supply facility according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary fire extinguishant supply port is disposed along the inner side surface of the side wall of the tank. It is characterized in that it is the supply of either or both of the supply port supplied downward and the supply port supplied from the bottom side of the tank.
- the tank side wall portion is cooled and the fire extinguisher is supplied.
- the extinguishant can be supplied while avoiding the situation where the extinguishant disappears due to the flame.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the tank equipped with the tank fire extinguishing system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the components shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing the state of extinguishing a fire with the tank fire extinguishing system shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing another embodiment of the tank fire extinguishing system according to the present invention.
- Figure 1 is a diagram showing the conceptual configuration of the floating roof tank 12 equipped with the tank fire extinguishing agent supply facility according to this embodiment (the floating roof configuration is not shown).
- Figure 2 shows the arrangement of components It is explanatory drawing which shows a person in charge. Examples of flammable liquids stored in the tank include heavy oil, crude oil, petroleum, gasoline, kerosene, light oil and the like, as well as chemical liquids such as methanol and ethanol.
- the fire extinguishing agent injection ports 14 for injecting the fire extinguishing agent 100 into the tank 1 2 are equally spaced at 5 power stations of the tank side wall portion 1 3 of the tank 1 2 having a substantially circular horizontal cross section. It is provided.
- the installation position of the fire extinguisher jet 14 in the height direction is, as shown in Fig. 2, the tank side wall 13 above the liquid surface 16 above the liquid level 16a of the flammable liquid 16 stored in the tank 12 It is a near position.
- the extinguishant jet 14 is attached so as to inject the extinguishant 100 by inclining the extinguishant in the circumferential direction of the tank 12 relative to the center of the tank.
- the injection directions of all the extinguishant injection ports 14 are angled at the same angle with the center direction of the tank.
- the angulation of the injection direction promotes the injection of the extinguishant 100 along the inner wall 13a of the tank and the generation of a swirling flow due to the injection.
- the extinguishant injection port 14 have a configuration in which the injection direction can be changed by remote control.
- the supply piping 1 8 (shown by only one solid line in FIG. 1) for supplying the extinguishant 100 to the jet port 14 (circled around the circumference of the tank 12) is a circle.
- a control valve 19 is provided between the extinguishant supply device 20 and the supply pipe 18.
- Figures 3 and 4 show the outline of the fires occurring in the tank 12 shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively, and the fire is extinguished with the above-mentioned tank extinguishing system.
- the floating roof is damaged by the fire and does not exist.
- the fire extinguishing agent 1 0 0 is injected from each extinguishing agent injection port 1 4, but the direction of the fire extinguishing agent injection port 1 4 is circumferentially to the center direction of the tank 1 2 as described above As it is angled, the fire extinguishing agent 100 is injected to pivot in the circumferential direction of the tank 12 as indicated by the arrow 200.
- the injection of the extinguishant 100 gives the gas above the liquid surface 16 a a power to turn in the direction of the arrow shown by the broken line 300 in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the gas starts swirling at the upper part of the tank by this sticking operation and forms a swirling gas, the gas is centered on the tank as shown in FIG. Ascends to form a rising air flow part 22 which rises like a dragonfly in the part.
- the gas flow in the updraft portion 22 is a gas flow that rises stably as the gas rotates, as described above, such as the dragon-like or dust-devil.
- the inside of such a stable, constant flow of gas flow is at a negative pressure relative to the ambient pressure. For this reason, as shown by the white arrows 400 in FIGS. 3 and 4, gas around the tornado is drawn toward the center of the tank 12 and the gas swirling flow 300 also rises (FIG. 4). See).
- the generated flame is drawn so as to be narrowed down to the rising air flow portion 22 along the gas flow. , And diffuse in the sky.
- the flame is moved away from the side wall 13 so that the side wall 13 is not directly hit by the flame and the heat load on the side wall 13 is reduced, so the temperature rise on the side wall 13 is also suppressed Be done.
- the extinguishant 100 since the extinguishant 100 is angled to be jetted along the side wall 13, the injected extinguishant 100 swirls in the direction of the arrow 200 and flows. Expand the solution level 16a. This expansion receives the suction force of the above-mentioned dragonfly-like rising air flow part 22 and becomes expansion of the extinguishant tank 12 towards the center, and the expansion on the liquid level 16 a is smoother than natural expansion. To be done. That is, the flow of the extinguishant in the swirling direction injected and the suction of the dragonfly-like updraft generated in the central region of the tank rapidly extinguishes the extinguishant 100 in a spiral shape all over the surface 16a. And they will be covered and extinguish the tank fire quickly.
- the surface of the liquid surface 16a is covered with a fire extinguishing agent, and the fire is extinguished quickly in a short time while maintaining the condition that the curvature of the side wall 13 is prevented by suppressing the temperature rise of the tank side wall 13. It is a thing.
- FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the tank extinguishing system according to the present invention.
- a fire extinguishant jet port 14 and a foam chamber 1 2 6 which is an auxiliary extinguishant supply port for auxiliary addition of a fire extinguishing agent are provided side by side.
- a plurality of foam chambers 26 are provided at upper positions of the side walls 13 at predetermined intervals. Then, an auxiliary extinguishing agent such as foam (aqueous foam solution) is supplied from the foam chamber 26 to the flammable liquid 16.
- the extinguishant injection port 14 or They also try to inject foam (foam solution).
- the rising air flow portion 22 rising like a drooping by injection of the fire extinguishing agent 100 from the above-mentioned fire extinguishing agent 14 is generated supplementary to the swirling flow of the fire extinguishing agent 100.
- (Foam aqueous solution) 100 is added. Therefore, the supply of foam (foam aqueous solution) is more abundant, and the suction force of the updraft portion 22 spreads more quickly on the liquid surface 16a, thereby extinguishing more quickly and reliably. .
- the configuration of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.
- the present invention is limited thereto. is not.
- the fire extinguishing agent 100 discharged from the fire extinguishing agent injection port 14 is carbon dioxide gas or a mist or powder mixed gas
- the fire extinguishing agent supplied from the auxiliary extinguishing agent supply port 26 is a low foaming solution. It is also possible.
- auxiliary fire extinguishing agent supply port 26 It is also possible to set the installation position of the auxiliary fire extinguishing agent supply port 26 near the side wall 13 of the bottom of the tank 12 and to raise the extinguishant from above the liquid surface 16 a. In this case, the fire extinguishant can be supplied while avoiding the situation where the fire extinguishant disappears due to the flame.
- the extinguishant injection port 14 and the extinguishant supply device 20 can inject the extinguishant 100 with a predetermined injection force, and a control valve that can adjust the injection output of the extinguishant 100 You may provide in supply piping.
- the direction of the extinguishant injection from the extinguishant injection port 14 may be set so that a swirling flow directed from the side wall 13 to the center can be generated by the injection of the extinguishant 100, for example, It is preferable to be able to experiment in advance and to be able to angle to the optimum state.
- remotely controlling the fire extinguishing agent injection direction in order to recognize the combustion situation in the tank, etc. You may install it.
- the extinguishant can be supplied while the heat load on the tank side wall is suppressed, and the supplied extinguishant is a flammable liquid.
- the tank fire can be extinguished quickly while preventing the side wall from being bent or collapsing.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004049724A JP4357319B2 (ja) | 2004-02-25 | 2004-02-25 | タンクへの消火剤供給方法及びタンク用消火剤供給設備 |
JP2004-049724 | 2004-02-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005079923A1 true WO2005079923A1 (ja) | 2005-09-01 |
Family
ID=34879557
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/002673 WO2005079923A1 (ja) | 2004-02-25 | 2005-02-15 | タンクへの消火剤供給方法及びタンク用消火剤供給設備 |
Country Status (2)
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JP (1) | JP4357319B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005079923A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110448825A (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | 一种大型浮顶罐火灾综合灭火系统及灭火方法 |
EP4166198A4 (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2024-06-19 | Jetfreezr Tecnologia Limitada | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FIGHTING FIRES OCCURRING WITH FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS STORED IN ATMOSPHERIC TANKS |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5974087A (ja) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-04-26 | 日立造船株式会社 | 浮屋根式タンクの散水方法 |
JPH04263873A (ja) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-18 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | 霧状の水又は不燃性ガスを竜巻の種とする大空間に於ける排煙方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-02-25 JP JP2004049724A patent/JP4357319B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-02-15 WO PCT/JP2005/002673 patent/WO2005079923A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5974087A (ja) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-04-26 | 日立造船株式会社 | 浮屋根式タンクの散水方法 |
JPH04263873A (ja) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-18 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | 霧状の水又は不燃性ガスを竜巻の種とする大空間に於ける排煙方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110448825A (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | 一种大型浮顶罐火灾综合灭火系统及灭火方法 |
EP4166198A4 (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2024-06-19 | Jetfreezr Tecnologia Limitada | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FIGHTING FIRES OCCURRING WITH FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS STORED IN ATMOSPHERIC TANKS |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005237551A (ja) | 2005-09-08 |
JP4357319B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
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