WO2005064382A1 - 光学素子の保持装置、鏡筒、露光装置、及びデバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
光学素子の保持装置、鏡筒、露光装置、及びデバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005064382A1 WO2005064382A1 PCT/JP2004/019265 JP2004019265W WO2005064382A1 WO 2005064382 A1 WO2005064382 A1 WO 2005064382A1 JP 2004019265 W JP2004019265 W JP 2004019265W WO 2005064382 A1 WO2005064382 A1 WO 2005064382A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- displacement
- optical element
- frame member
- holding device
- optical
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/003—Alignment of optical elements
- G02B7/005—Motorised alignment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/023—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses permitting adjustment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70258—Projection system adjustments, e.g. adjustments during exposure or alignment during assembly of projection system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/70808—Construction details, e.g. housing, load-lock, seals or windows for passing light in or out of apparatus
- G03F7/70825—Mounting of individual elements, e.g. mounts, holders or supports
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a holding device for an optical element, and more particularly, to a holding device capable of adjusting the position of an optical element with high accuracy.
- the present invention provides a holding apparatus, a lens barrel including the holding apparatus, an exposure apparatus including the lens barrel, and a method for manufacturing a device including exposure using the exposure apparatus.
- a plurality of optical elements constituting a projection optical system of a projection exposure apparatus are held by a holding device capable of precisely adjusting the position of each optical element in the optical axis direction and the attitude such as tilt.
- a holding device capable of precisely adjusting the position of each optical element in the optical axis direction and the attitude such as tilt.
- a holding device for automatically adjusting the position of an optical element has been disclosed (see Patent Document 1).
- the holding device includes an inner ring that holds a peripheral edge of the movable lens, and an outer ring that is connected to the inner ring and that is disposed outside the inner ring.
- the auta ring has an actuator. The displacement of the actuator is transmitted to the inner ring by the displacement magnifying mechanism to displace the movable lens.
- the outer ring is equipped with a sensor for monitoring the position of the movable lens.
- the lens barrel provided with this holding device is relatively compact.
- Patent Document 1 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2001Z0038500
- a covered wire for signal communication connected to the sensor and a covered wire for power supply connected to the actuator are arranged.
- Insulated wires may generate trace amounts of chemical pollutants (outgas) such as organic substances.
- the space surrounded by the jacket communicates with the space in the lens barrel by the gap described above. Therefore, a trace amount of chemical contaminants generated from the coated wire flows from the space surrounded by the jacket into the interior space of the lens barrel through the above-mentioned gap, absorbing the exposure light and fogging the lens inside the lens barrel. there is a possibility.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an optical element holding device capable of adjusting the position and orientation of an optical element without disturbing a purge atmosphere inside a lens barrel.
- one embodiment of the present invention provides a frame member, a holding member disposed inside the frame member and holding an optical element, and a driving force from the outside of the frame member.
- An optical element holding device including a transmission unit is provided. Since a drive source that may generate a chemical contaminant can be arranged outside the frame member, the influence of the chemical contaminant on the optical element can be reduced.
- the displacement section is displaced in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the optical element.
- the size (thickness) of the optical element holding device along the optical axis of the optical element can be reduced. Further, since the driving force acts in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical element, the driving member does not distort the frame member along the optical axis of the optical element.
- the apparatus further includes a driving member attached to the frame member, the driving member generating the driving force to urge the displacement section in a direction intersecting the optical axis of the optical element.
- the driving member is provided in the frame member, the internal structure of the frame member is simple.
- the driving member includes a driving element and a housing connected to the displacement section and housing the driving element, wherein the housing applies a driving force generated by the driving element to the displacement section. It has a connecting part for transmitting. In this case, the driving force from the outside of the frame member is transmitted to the displacement unit via the housing.
- the driving member includes a coarse adjustment mechanism for coarsely adjusting the position of the holding member, and a fine movement mechanism for finely adjusting the position of the holding member.
- the fine movement mechanism includes a piezo element.
- the piezo element is easy to control and generates a stable driving force with a quick reaction, so that it is suitable for adjusting the attitude of the optical element.
- the apparatus further includes a guide section for guiding the displacement section so that the displacement section is displaced in a restricted direction.
- the apparatus further includes an urging member provided between the displacement unit and the frame member, for urging the displacement unit toward the frame member.
- the transmission portion is connected to the holding member so as to be tiltable and rotatable in an arbitrary direction and to the displacement portion so as to be tiltable and rotatable in an arbitrary direction.
- a rod having the other end to be connected, and an axis connecting one end and the other end of the rod is inclined with respect to a displacement direction of the displacement portion.
- the displacement portion is one of three displacement portions provided on the frame member, and the transmission portion is one of three transmission portions associated with each displacement portion.
- each transmission section includes two said rods, each connected to a corresponding displacement section.
- the driving force is provided between the frame member and the displacement portion, and A vibration damping mechanism for damping the vibration of the displacement portion.
- the vibration damping mechanism includes a friction member fixed to one of the frame member and the displacement portion and slidably contacting the other. In this case, vibration can be effectively attenuated with a simple configuration.
- the frame member, the displacement section, the guide section, and the transmission section are integrally formed into one structure.
- the one structure may be formed by engraving, and include a connecting part that connects the at least two of the frame member, the displacement part, the guide part, and the transmission part to each other. it can.
- a detector provided inside the frame member to detect displacement of the holding member, and provided outside the frame member, and outputs a detection result of the detector to the frame member.
- a monitoring unit for monitoring the external camera. The monitoring unit can read the detection result while maintaining the airtight state of the frame member. In this case, the displacement of the holding member, which does not disturb the purge atmosphere in the lens barrel, is reduced.
- the apparatus further includes a seal that blocks an internal space of the frame member from an external force of the frame member and seals an internal space of the frame member.
- the holding device can maintain a highly purged atmosphere inside the lens barrel without using a cover that covers the lens barrel.
- the holding device can be incorporated in a lens barrel.
- This lens barrel alone can achieve a high purge atmosphere.
- This lens barrel may include, for example, a projection optical system that projects an image of a predetermined pattern formed on a mask onto a substrate.
- This lens barrel can be incorporated in an exposure apparatus. Exposure tools are capable of precise correction of aberrations and are suitable for use in lithographic processes in the manufacture of precision devices. As a result, a high-quality device can be manufactured.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exposure apparatus including an optical element holding device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an optical element holding device.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the optical element holding device.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A—A in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical element holding device according to a preferred embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optical element holding device according to a preferred embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 10 is a front view of Skenore.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a device manufacturing method.
- FIG. 12 is a partial flowchart of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- the exposure apparatus 31 includes a light source 32, an illumination optical system 33, a reticle stage 34 for holding a reticle Rt as a mask, a projection optical system 35, and a wafer stage 36 for holding a wafer and W as a substrate.
- the light source 32 oscillates, for example, an F laser having a wavelength of 157 nm.
- the light source 32 has a wavelength of 248 nm
- a KrF excimer laser or an ArF excimer laser with a wavelength of 193 nm may be oscillated.
- the present invention is based on F laser, ArF excimer laser, or ultra-short ultraviolet EUV light with a wavelength of 13 nm.
- the illumination optical system 33 includes various lens systems such as an optical integrator (not shown) such as a fly-eye lens and a rod lens, a relay lens, and a condenser lens, and an aperture stop.
- the laser emitted from the light source 32 passes through the illumination optical system 33 and is adjusted to the exposure light EL that uniformly illuminates the pattern on the reticle Rt.
- Reticle stage 34 has a mounting surface on which reticle Rt is mounted.
- the reticle stage 34 is arranged such that the mounting surface is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the projection optical system 35 on the exit side of the illumination optical system 33, that is, on the object plane side of the projection optical system 35 (incident side of the exposure light EL). Placed in.
- the projection optical system 35 includes an optical element 37 such as a lens.
- the projection optical system 35 is housed in a lens barrel 39 assembled by stacking a plurality of lens barrel modules 39a.
- Each lens barrel module 39a holds one or two optical elements 37.
- Some of the barrel modules 39a are holding devices for holding the optical element 37.
- the other lens barrel module 39a may include the holding device 38, or may include a holding device having a configuration different from that of the holding device 38.
- the wafer stage 36 has a mounting surface on which the wafer W is mounted.
- the mounting surface of the wafer stage 36 is disposed so as to intersect the optical axis direction of the projection optical system 35 on the image plane side (the exit side of the exposure light EL) of the projection optical system 35.
- the pattern image on the reticle Rt illuminated by the exposure light EL is reduced to a predetermined reduction magnification through the projection optical system 35.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lens barrel module 39a having the holding device 38
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the lens barrel module 39a having the holding device 38
- FIG. 4 is a line A—A of FIG. FIG.
- the holding device 38 includes an annular frame member 41 and three support members 42 for holding the optical element 37.
- the frame member 41 includes an inner ring 43 functioning as a holding member, an outer ring 44, a displacement section 70, a parallel link section 71, and a transmission link section 72.
- the outer ring 44 includes a side wall portion 44a having an outer peripheral surface, and an annular flat plate portion 44b disposed inside the side wall portion 44a.
- An annular fastening portion 40 is provided at an upper end and a lower end of the side wall portion 44a.
- the fastening portion 40 includes flat upper and lower fastening surfaces 40a.
- An annular groove 40b for accommodating the O-ring is formed in the upper fastening surface 40a (see FIG. 4).
- a plurality of bolt holes 40c are formed in each fastening surface 40a at equal angular intervals.
- the O-ring is housed in the annular groove 40b, and the upper fastening surface 40a is brought into contact with the lower fastening surface 40a of the other lens barrel module 39a, and a bolt is inserted into each bolt hole 40c and fastened with a nut.
- high airtightness can be obtained by the O-ring.
- Barrel module 3 Depending on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of 9a, the shape and material of the fastening part 40, a plurality of annular grooves 40b capable of accommodating a plurality of O-rings are formed, or a sealing member such as a gasket is used instead of the O-ring. Is also good.
- FIG. 3 As shown in Fig. 3, three piezo horses are mounted on a wall 44a of the kutta ring 44 at a distance of 120 degrees. At the side wall 44a, three sensor heads 47 functioning as monitoring units are attached at positions shifted by 60 ° from the three piezo driving units 46, respectively. The other part of the side wall part 44a except for the part where the piezo drive part 46 and the sensor head 47 are attached is a closed surface. With this structure, the airtightness of the outer ring 44 is improved.
- the frame member 41 will be described.
- the frame member 41 is formed by processing a metal material such as stainless steel by using a slitter technique such as a stitcher, a drill, an end mill, a laser cutter, and a discharge cutter, or an engraving technique.
- a slitter technique such as a stitcher, a drill, an end mill, a laser cutter, and a discharge cutter, or an engraving technique.
- the metal material is cut into a disk shape, cut into a thickness that does not interfere with the optical element 37, a circular hole is formed near the center, and the metal material is partially cut along the shape of the inner ring 43.
- the displacement section 70, the parallel link section 71, and the transmission link section 72 are formed by cutting and separating techniques such as planar slit processing and three-dimensional engraving processing.
- Each part 70, 71, 72 is not completely separated and is connected to other parts by connecting parts (LPU, LPL, EH1-EH4).
- Each part 70, 71, 72 can be tilted in a predetermined direction due to the flexibility of the associated connecting part.
- the inner ring 43, outer ring 44, displacement section 70, parallel link section 71, and transmission link section 72 are integrated structures having the same material strength, and the relative positions between these sections are strictly determined. No unnecessary stress works. Therefore, the expansion / contraction stroke of the piezo element 65 is expanded with excellent linearity and converted into the displacement of the inner ring 43.
- the inner ring 43, the outer ring 44, the displacement section 70, the parallel link section 71, and the transmission link section 72 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the displacement section 70 is disposed near the piezo drive section 46 in FIG.
- the parallel link portion 71 has a function of guiding the displacement portion 70.
- a pair of parallel link portions 71 arranged on both sides of the displacement portion guide the displacement portion.
- the displacement direction of the displacement section 70 is strictly regulated by a set of parallel link sections 71.
- the parallel link part 71 is a right inner link 71RF and a right inner link 71RF arranged on the right side of the displacement part 70 in FIG. Including the right outside link 71RB, the left inside link 71LF and the left outside link 71LB arranged on the left side of the displacement unit 70.
- the inner right link 71RF is connected to the displacement portion 70 by an elastic hinge EH1, and is connected to the flat plate portion 44b of the outer ring 44 by an elastic hinge EH2.
- the elastic hinges EH1 and EH2 have axes substantially parallel to the optical axis AX.
- the inner right link 71RF rotates about the elastic hinge EH1 as a fulcrum, and tilts with respect to the displacement portion 70.
- the right inner link 71RF rotates with the elastic hinge EH2 as a fulcrum, and tilts with respect to the flat plate portion 44b.
- the positions of the elastic hinges EH1 and EH2 are determined so that the plane including the axis of the elastic hinge EH1 and the axis of the elastic hinge EH2 is orthogonal to the driving direction of the piezo driving unit 46!
- the outer right link 71RB is connected to the displacement portion 70 by an elastic hinge EH3, and is connected to the flat plate portion 44b by an elastic hinge EH4.
- the elastic hinges EH3 and EH4 have axes substantially parallel to the optical axis AX.
- the outer right link 71RB rotates around the elastic hinge EH3 and tilts with respect to the displacement unit 70.
- the right outer link 71RB rotates about the elastic hinge EH4 as a fulcrum, and tilts with respect to the flat plate portion 44b.
- the positions of the elastic hinges EH3 and EH4 are determined so that a plane including the axis of the elastic hinge EH3 and the axis of the elastic hinge EH4 is orthogonal to the driving direction of the piezo drive unit 46.
- the plane including the axis of the elastic hinges EH1 and EH2 is parallel to the plane including the axes of the elastic hinges EH3 and EH4.
- the plane containing the axes of the elastic hinges EH1 and EH3 is parallel to the plane containing the axes of the elastic hinges EH2 and EH4.
- the rectangle formed by connecting the axes of the positive hinges EH1-EH4 is a parallelogram.
- the inner left link 71LF and the outer left link 71LB are symmetrical to the inner right link 71RF and the outer right link 71RB with respect to the action line AL which is the driving direction of the piezo drive unit 46.
- the functions of the inner left link 71L F and the outer left link 71LB are the same as those of the inner right link 71RF and the outer right link 71RB.
- the parallel link portion 71 regulates the movement of the displacement portion 70 in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis AX with reference to the flat plate portion 44b of the outer ring 44.
- the action line AL is generated by the interaction of the pair of parallel link portions 71.
- the displacement section 70 is guided precisely and linearly along the action line AL orthogonal to the optical axis AX.
- the transmission link unit 72 functions as a transmission unit.
- the transmission link section 72 is composed of a set of push rods.
- One set of push rods includes a first rod 72R on the right side of the line of action AL and a second rod 72L on the left side of the line of action AL.
- Each rod 72R, 72L has an outer end near the side wall 44a and an inner end farther from the side wall 44a. As shown in FIG. 3, the rods 72R and 72L are closer to each other as they are closer to the side wall portion 44a.
- the outer end of the first rod 72R is connected to the displacement unit 70 by the outer rod pivot LPL.
- the inner end of the first rod 72R is connected to the inner ring 43 by an inner rod pivot LPU.
- the outer rod pivot LPL and the inner rod pivot LPU are formed integrally with the displacement portion 70 and the inner ring 43 by using a combination of slitting and engraving of the upper and lower end surface forces.
- an outer rod pivot LPL and an inner port pivot LPU having a design depth are formed, and a three-dimensional first rod 72R is formed.
- the first rod 72R can tilt and rotate in any direction about each of the outer rod pivot LPL and the inner rod pivot LPU.
- the outer rod pivot LPL and the inner rod pivot LPU have different depths of the front and rear surface forces of the flat plate portion 44b, and the inner rod pivot LPU is located above the outer rod pivot LPL. Accordingly, a line PL (the axis of the first rod 72R) connecting the inner rod pivot LPU and the outer rod pivot LPL has a predetermined declination (elevation angle) with respect to the displacement direction of the displacement unit 70.
- the second rod 72L is configured symmetrically to the first rod 72R with respect to the line of action AL.
- the operation of the transmission link unit 72 will be described. Since the outer end of the transmission link unit 72 is connected to the displacement unit 70 by the outer rod pivot LPL, it is displaced linearly in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis AX. When the transmission link section 72 is pushed in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis AX by the displacement section 70, the movement of the inner end (rod pivot LPU) of the transmission link section 72 is regulated in the direction along the optical axis AX. .
- the inner ring 43 is kinematically driven by the displacement of the plurality of transmission link portions 72. This will be described later.
- a line PL connecting the outer rod pivot LPL and the inner rod pivot LPU may be referred to as an axis PL of the transmission link 72.
- the axis PL forms a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX.
- the angle is, for example, about 10 ° -15 °. Therefore, when the outer end of the transmission link 72 is urged horizontally, the outer end of the transmission link 72 is displaced horizontally, but the inner end of the transmission link 72 is moved along the optical axis AX. Displace upward.
- the drive source of the present embodiment is a piezoelectric element such as a piezo element 65.
- the piezo element 65 expands and contracts with a stable stroke (displacement amount) in which the response to the applied voltage is fast, and has a property that the driving force is extremely large. Therefore, it is extremely suitable for use in controlling the position and orientation of the optical element 37.
- the expansion / contraction stroke of the piezo element 65 is small, so that the expansion / contraction stroke of the piezo element 65 needs to be increased.
- the above-described declination has an effect of changing the direction of expansion and contraction of the piezo element 65 and an effect of expanding the expansion and contraction stroke of the piezo element 65 to a degree sufficient for controlling the position of the optical element 37.
- the optical element 37 is various lenses such as a circular convex lens and a concave lens.
- the optical element 37 is also made of glass material such as synthetic quartz or fluorite having a predetermined or higher breaking strength.
- a flange portion 37a is formed on the periphery of the optical element 37.
- the diameter of the optical element 37 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the inner ring 43.
- three support members 42 are arranged at equal angular intervals along the inner peripheral edge of the inner ring 43.
- the optical element 37 is supported by three support members 42.
- each support member 42 includes a base member 79 and a clamp member 78.
- the flange portion 37a of the optical element 37 is sandwiched between the base member 79 and the clamp member 78.
- the base member 79 is a factor that affects the state of the optical surface of the optical element 37 received by the support member 42 from the external device (for example, the surface of the main body of the exposure device 31 and the surface of the fastening portion 40 of the frame member 41).
- Equipped with a fleeting structure that absorbs minute roughness and undulations Even if the planarity of the inner ring 43 changes due to external distortion via the frame member 41, the change is caused by a change in the support member 42 between the optical element 37 and the inner ring 43. Is absorbed by Therefore, the optical element 37 is not stressed and the optical surface is not adversely affected.
- Piezo drive 46 functioning as a fine movement mechanism will be described.
- Piezo drive 46 is attached to the side wall 44a of the outer ring 44 (see FIG. 2).
- An introduction hole 48 extending toward the center of the filtering 44 (optical axis AX) is formed in the side wall portion 44a.
- a cylindrical piezo housing 54 including a bottom surface portion 55 and an annular flange 56 formed on the outer surface of a central portion in the longitudinal direction is inserted into the introduction hole 48.
- a hemispherical projection 57 is formed at the center of the bottom portion 55 of the piezo housing 54.
- the flange 56 of the piezoelectric housing 54 comes into contact with a driving unit 74 formed inside the displacement unit 70, and is fixed by a holding ring 75.
- the driving unit 74 accurately determines the relative position between the piezo housing 54 and the displacement unit 70.
- the presser ring 75 is screwed and fixed to the displacement section 70 to prevent the relative position between the drive section 74 and the flange 56 from shifting.
- a sleeve-shaped seal house 49 is fitted in the introduction hole 48. That is, the seal house 49 is fixed to the side wall portion 44a. Annular grooves 50 and 51 are formed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the seal house 49, respectively. O-rings 52 and 53 are fitted into the annular grooves 50 and 51, respectively.
- a seal house 49 having an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the piezo housing 54 is disposed between the inner wall surface of the introduction hole 48 and the outer peripheral surface of the seal house 49.
- the O-rings 52 and 53 seal between the piezo housing 54 and the seal house 49 and between the seal house 49 and the introduction hole 48, respectively.
- the O-rings 52 and 53 allow sliding between the piezo housing 54, the seal 49 and the side wall 44a.
- An annular holding block 58 is screwed and fixed around the introduction hole 48 of the side wall portion 44a.
- a piezo cap 59 covering the opening of the holding block 58 is screwed and fixed to the holding block 58 (see Fig. 5).
- the piezo cap 59 has a screw hole along the center line of the piezo housing 54.
- the shaft portion 61 of the coarse movement screw 60 is screwed into the screw hole and the lock nut 64.
- a hemispherical projection 62 is formed at the tip of the shaft portion 61 of the coarse screw 60 so as to face the center of the outer ring 44.
- the head 63 of the coarse screw 60 has a disk shape.
- the coarse movement screw 60 is fixed by tightening the lock nut 64 to the piezo gap 59.
- the piezo housing 54 accommodates a cylindrical piezo element 65.
- the piezo element 65 slightly expands in response to the application of the voltage, and displaces the displacement unit 70 via the drive unit 74.
- the piezo element 65 has a conical recess 66 formed at the center of the inner end face near the optical axis AX, and a conical recess 67 formed at the center of the outer end face far from the optical axis AX.
- Piezo element 65 is piezo-no.
- the conical recess 66 fits with the hemispherical projection 57.
- the conical concave portion 67 is fitted with the hemispherical projection 62 by screwing in the coarse movement screw 60.
- a gap is provided between the piezo element 54 and the piezo element 65 so that the piezo element 65 contacts the piezo element 54 only at the conical concave portion 66.
- a cap-shaped electrode 68 covers the outer end of the piezo element 65.
- the piezoelectric housing 54 and the electrode 68 are electrically insulated.
- a drive voltage for driving the piezo element 65 is also supplied to the piezo drive unit 46 via a cable (not shown).
- the position of the outer end face of the piezo element 65 is determined by the engagement between the conical recess 67 and the hemispherical projection 62 of the coarse screw 60.
- the piezo element 65 urges the hemispheric projection 57 of the piezo housing 54 toward the center of the auta ring 44.
- the piezo housing 54 itself moves in the direction of the center of the auta ring 44 (optical axis AX).
- the flange 56 urges the displacement section 70 in the optical axis AX direction.
- the displacement section 70 is guided by the parallel link section 71 (see FIG. 5), and is displaced in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis AX.
- a pair of return springs 76 parallel to the action line AL connect the displacement portion 70 and the flat plate portion 44b of the outer ring 44.
- the return spring 76 is a biasing member such as a coil spring in an extended state, and biases the displacement portion 70 toward the flat plate portion 44b of the auta ring 44, that is, in a direction away from the optical axis AX.
- the displacement spring 70 is urged by the return spring 76 so that the hemispheric projection 57 of the piezo and housing 54 comes into contact with the conical recess 66.
- the optical axis AX in the direction away from the optical axis AX.
- the coarse movement screw 60 is connected to the frame member 41 via a holding block 58 and a piezo cap 59.
- the shaft 61 moves forward or backward relative to the piezo cap 59, and the distance between the hemispherical projection 62 and the optical axis AX changes, and the piezo element
- the initial position of the 65 outer end face changes. Accordingly, the initial positions of the piezo housing 54 and the displacement unit 70 also change.
- the coarse movement screw 60 roughly adjusts the distance between the displacement unit 70 and the optical axis AX.
- a flange 56 is formed by an annular link provided around the piezo housing 54. It is a connection.
- the drive part 74 of the displacement part 70 is annular corresponding to the flange 56.
- the driving force of the piezo element 65 is transmitted evenly to the displacement section 70 by the flange 56 and the driving section 74 along the action line AL. The driving force is efficiently transmitted to the displacement unit 70 without generating a force that hinders the linear movement of the displacement unit 70.
- the piezo element 65 housed in the piezo housing 54 is fixed to the conical recess 67 by the hemispheric projection 62 of the coarse movement screw 60.
- the driving force generated by the piezo element 65 is transmitted to the piezo housing 54 via the conical concave portion 66 and the hemispheric projection 57, and transmitted to the displacement portion 70 via the flange 56.
- the hemispheric projection 57 is arranged at a position closer to the optical axis AX than the flange 56, and the outer end surface of the piezo element 65 is arranged outside the side wall 44 a of the outer ring 44.
- the piezo element 65 which does not need to forcibly arrange the piezo element in a narrow area between the outer ring 44 and the displacement section 70, can be arranged in a relatively large space. Therefore, a large piezo element 65 can be used. The longer the piezo element 65 is, the larger the expansion stroke. Therefore, in general, the piezo element is a driving element having a small expansion / contraction stroke, but can largely displace the optical element 37 without enlarging the frame member 41 itself. Further, since the driving element such as the piezo element 65 is accommodated in the frame member 41, it is not necessary to make the lens barrel large.
- an outgas (chemical pollutant) emission source such as an actuator, an electronic circuit, and a cable is not arranged in the internal space of the frame member 41 communicating with the purge space.
- the piezo and housing 54 (and the sensor head 47) separate the internal space of the frame member 41 from the outside. Since the piezo element 65 is not disposed in the internal space of the frame member 41, the piezo element 65 can be easily replaced without disturbing the purge atmosphere.
- the holding block 58 and the piezo cap 59 according to the size of the piezo element 65, it is possible to use piezo elements 65 of various sizes. Even in this case, the size of the piezo element 65 can be changed without disturbing the purge atmosphere.
- a friction mechanism 80 functioning as a vibration damping mechanism is disposed so as to sandwich both upper and lower surfaces of the displacement unit 70.
- the friction mechanism 80 includes a friction house 81 fixed to the flat plate portion 44b of the outer ring 44.
- the friction house 81 has a concave portion facing the displacement portion 70.
- the compressed coil panel (friction panel) 82 is accommodated in the recess.
- a sliding plate 83 is arranged at the end of friction panel 82 At the end.
- the sliding plate 83 is a panel-like member having one end fixed to the friction house 81 and the other end being a free end. The friction panel 82 strongly urges the free end of the sliding plate 83 toward the displacement unit 70.
- the friction mechanism 80 exerts a frictional force on the displacement section 70. That is, at the stage before the expansion / contraction stroke of the piezo element 65 is expanded by the transmission link unit 72, the vibration caused by the driving of the piezo drive unit 46 is suppressed. Therefore, the force or stress for reducing the vibration does not directly act on the transmission link 72 or the inner ring 43. Further, since the torque for displacing the displacement section 70 is relatively large, the displacement of the displacement section 70 does not stop due to the frictional force of the friction mechanism 80. If the frictional force for vibration damping is directly applied to the transmission link 72 and the inner ring 43, the displacement of the transmission link 72 and the inner ring 43 may be stopped.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 schematically show the holding device 38.
- the three displacement parts 70 are arranged on the outer ring 44 at equal intervals of 120 °.
- the piezo drive 46 is not shown.
- Parallel link portions 71 are arranged on both sides of each displacement portion 70.
- Each displacement section 70 is connected to the inner ring 43 by a pair of push rods indicating the transmission link section 72! The distance between the push rods of one thread increases as approaching the inner ring 43.
- Each push rod is inclined upward with respect to the horizontal plane.
- the displacement section 70, parallel link section 71, and transmission link section 72 constitute three displacement link sections Ul, U2, and U3.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows only the inner ring 43, the displacement part 70, and the transmission link part 72.
- the set of push rods is symmetric with respect to a plane including the optical axis AX.
- the inner ring 43 is driven by moving the displacement unit 70 in the radial direction as shown in FIG.
- the quantitative relationship between the displacement of the displacement unit 70 and the change in the attitude of the inner ring 43 will be described.
- the definition of the term will be described.
- the intersection of the extension lines of a set of push rods of each displacement link Ul, U2, U3 is called a virtual pivot V.
- the plane defined by the three virtual pivots V is called the pivot plane.
- the pivotal plane when the displacement unit 70 is in a state where the displacement unit 70 is displaced is perpendicular to the optical axis AX.
- the center of the circle passing through the three virtual pivots V is called observation point C.
- Observation point C is clearly on the pivot plane.
- the observation point C is on the optical axis AX when the displacement unit 70 is displaced and is in the state.
- the definition of the rectangular coordinate system will be described.
- the observation point C when the displacement unit 70 is not displaced is set as the origin.
- the line connecting the origin and the virtual pivot V of the first displacement link U1 is the X axis
- the axis at 90 ° counterclockwise around the optical axis AX is the Y axis.
- the axis perpendicular to the axis, the X axis, and the Y axis, that is, the optical axis AX is the Z axis.
- attitude change of the inner ring 43 may be considered by linearly decomposing it into components of the rotation amounts d ⁇ X, d ⁇ y, d ⁇ z around the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis.
- a positive sign follows the right-handed screw rule for the positive direction of the coordinate axis.
- the inner ring 43 can be displaced only in the radial direction (along the direction of the action line AL) without shifting the inner ring 43 in the x and Y directions, that is, in the horizontal direction, and does not rotate around the ⁇ axis. .
- the posture change ⁇ ⁇ of the inner ring 43 can be expressed by the following equation.
- the displacement of the displacement unit 70 that changes the attitude of the inner ring 43 is a linear movement along the action line AL, and the degree of freedom of the movement is one. Therefore, the displacement amounts of the three displacement portions 70U1 and U3 are defined as ⁇ 1, 62 and S3, respectively.
- the displacement amounts of the displacement units 70U1-U3 can be collectively represented as an input displacement ⁇ .
- ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ 1, 6 2, ⁇ 3) ⁇
- the transformation matrix ⁇ can be easily formulated by geometrical considerations, and generally has an inverse matrix.
- R 120 ° rotation matrix around Z axis.
- the transformation matrix A in the present embodiment is shown.
- ⁇ and r it is possible to optimize the adjustment accuracy, resolution, and movable range.
- the driving of the displacement unit 70 can change the attitude of the inner ring 43 via the transmission link unit 72.
- Each of the above-described mechanisms is included in the frame member 41.
- each displacement portion 70 is precisely guided by the associated parallel link portion 71 and is displaced linearly in the radial direction of the outer ring 44.
- the displacement of the displacement section 70 is transmitted to the inner ring 43 by the transmission link section 72, and changes the attitude of the inner ring 43.
- the inner ring 43 is kinematically supported by the first displacement link portion U1 to the third displacement link portion U3.
- the mechanism of the present embodiment is to displace each displacement section 70 by some method to change the attitude of the inner ring 43.
- the displacement detection mechanism will be described with reference to Figs.
- the frame member 41 is provided with three sensor heads 47 and three detectors 85.
- the sensor head 47 is provided on the outer ring 44, and the detector 85 is provided on the inner ring 43.
- Each detector 85 is innerlin Includes a scale 86 that displaces with group 43.
- the scale 86 is attached to the inner ring 43 near the sensor head 47. As shown in FIG. 10, the scale 86 includes a flat plate facing the sensor head 47. On this flat plate, a grid serving as a scale for constituting an incremental linear encoder and a home grid indicating the origin are displayed. The optical sensor head 47 reads this scale and detects the displacement of the inner ring 43, that is, the displacement of the optical element 37.
- the sensor head 47 is hermetically attached to the opening of the outer ring 44 via an O-ring 87.
- the sensor head 47 includes an objective lens (not shown) for reading the scale of the scale 86, and an optical sensor unit (not shown) for generating a detection signal corresponding to the reading.
- the objective lens is configured to be airtight so as not to affect the purge atmosphere in the lens barrel 39.
- the optical sensor supplies the detection signal to an external controller.
- the control device calculates the displacement amount by incrementing the count in accordance with the received detection signal. Except for the lens portion at the tip of the sensor head 47, the electronic circuit, the sensor body, and the cable are not exposed to the purge space. Since no outgassing source is arranged in the purge space, there is no adverse effect on the purge atmosphere.
- a reference plane 88 is provided near the scale 86.
- a datum house 89 is provided on the side of the frame member 41 facing the reference plane 88.
- the datum house 89 includes a stud bolt 90 and a spherical datum 91 attached to the head of the stud bolt 90.
- the spherical datum 91 includes a spherical surface facing the inner ring 43.
- the spherical datum 91 and the stud bolt 90 define the reference position of the inner ring 43. That is, the inner ring 43 comes into contact with the spherical datum 91 when it is at the lowest reference position.
- the inner ring 43 does not come into contact with the spherical datum 91, in principle, loosen the coarse movement screw 60 of the adjacent piezo drive unit 46 to displace the displacement unit 70 in the direction away from the optical axis AX. To lower the inner ring 43.
- the conical concave portions 66, 67 at both ends of the piezo element 65 and the hemispheric projection 57 of the piezo housing 54 or the hemispheric projection 62 of the coarse screw 60 are formed. Play may occur between them.
- the coarse movement screw 60 of the adjacent piezo drive unit 46 is tightened until the inner ring 43 does not separate from the spherical datum 91, and the displacement unit 70 is displaced in the direction approaching the optical axis AX.
- the exposure apparatus 31 shown in FIG. 1 includes a lens barrel 39 constituted by a lens barrel module 39 a having a holding device 38.
- the exposure apparatus 31 is manufactured, for example, as follows.
- a holding device 38 holds at least one of a plurality of optical elements 37 such as a lens and a mirror constituting the illumination optical system 33 and the projection optical system 35.
- the illumination optical system 33 and the projection optical system 35 are incorporated in the main body of the exposure apparatus 31, and optical adjustment is performed.
- the cables for the detection signal and the drive signal are connected to the piezo drive unit 46 and the sensor head 47. With these cables, the piezo drive unit 46 and the sensor head 47 are connected to a well-known computer-controlled controller.
- the control device calculates the displacement of the optical element 37 based on the detection signal supplied from the sensor head 47.
- the control device generates a drive signal according to the calculated displacement and the above-described calculation formula, and supplies the drive signal to the piezo drive unit 46.
- the posture of the optical element 37 changes with the driving of the piezo driving unit 46.
- the wafer stage 36 having a large number of mechanical components is attached to the main body of the exposure apparatus 31, and wiring is connected.
- a reticle stage 34 is also attached.
- a gas supply pipe for supplying gas is connected to the optical path of the exposure light, and the inside of the lens barrel is purged. For example, after thoroughly eliminating O and moisture in the lens barrel,
- the components constituting the holding device 38 and the sealing members such as O-rings are assembled after impurities such as processing oil and metal substances are removed by ultrasonic cleaning or the like so as not to become an outgas emission source. Is preferred. It is desirable that the manufacture of the exposure apparatus 31 be performed in a clean room in which the temperature, humidity, pressure, and cleanness are controlled.
- fluorite, quartz, or the like is given as an example.
- fluoride glass made of zirconium barium lanthanum aluminum, quartz glass doped with fluorine, quartz glass doped with fluorine and hydrogen, quartz glass containing OH groups, quartz glass containing fluorine and OH groups, etc. of Improved quartz can be used.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a manufacturing process of a device such as a semiconductor device such as an IC or an LSI, a liquid crystal display device, an imaging device (such as a CCD), a thin-film magnetic head, or a micromachine.
- a device such as an IC or an LSI, a liquid crystal display device, an imaging device (such as a CCD), a thin-film magnetic head, or a micromachine.
- step S201 design step
- a function and performance design of a device micro device
- a mask reticle Rt or the like
- step S203 substrate manufacturing step
- a substrate is manufactured using materials such as silicon and a glass plate.
- the substrate is, for example, a silicon wafer W.
- step S204 substrate processing step
- step S205 device assembling step
- a device is assembled using the substrate processed in step S204.
- Step S205 may include a dicing step, a bonding step, a packaging step (such as chip encapsulation), and the like.
- step S206 inspection step
- inspections such as a device operation check test and a durability test are performed. In this way, the device is completed and shipped.
- FIG. 12 is a detailed flowchart of step S204.
- the surface of the wafer W is oxidized in step S211 (oxidation step).
- step S212 CVD step
- step S213 electrode formation step
- step S214 ion implantation step
- ions are implanted into the wafer W.
- a post-processing step is executed as follows.
- a photosensitive agent is applied to the wafer W in step S215 (resist forming step).
- step S216 exposure step
- the mask (layer) is formed by the lithography system (exposure apparatus 31) described above.
- the circuit pattern of the reticle Rt) is transferred onto the wafer W.
- Step S217 development step
- Step S218 etching step
- the exposed members other than the portion where the resist remains are removed by etching.
- step S219 resist removing step
- step S216 the above-described exposure apparatus 31 is used, and the resolving power can be improved by the exposure light EL in the vacuum ultraviolet region.
- the force can also control the exposure amount with high accuracy. Therefore, as a result, a highly integrated device having a minimum line width of 0.1 ⁇ m can be produced with high yield.
- the present embodiment has the following advantages.
- the optical element 37 can be adjusted.
- the displacement unit 70 is displaced toward the optical axis AX in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX, and the piezo drive unit 46 is accommodated within the thickness of the frame member 41. Therefore, the holding device 38 is compact. Since the driving force acts in parallel with a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX, the frame member 41 does not deform, the flatness of the holding device 38 is maintained, and high sealing performance is maintained. In addition, since this structure simplifies the calculation of the attitude control of the optical element 37, the accuracy and reliability of the attitude control are high.
- the piezo element 65 is housed in a piezo housing 54 provided on the frame member 41! Therefore, the external force of the frame member 41 can be exchanged.
- the position and orientation of the optical element 37 in the optical axis direction can be automatically adjusted. Further, since the coarse movement screw 60 can be manually operated from outside the holding device 38, the position of the piezo element 65 can be easily adjusted.
- the spherical datum 91 as a reference, the position with respect to the frame member 41 can be accurately adjusted. Thereby, the accuracy of displacement detection is improved.
- the friction mechanism 80 having a simple configuration can attenuate vibration during driving without giving unnecessary stress to the transmission link 72 and the inner ring 43.
- the friction force can be adjusted by the strength of the friction panel 82.
- the exposure apparatus 31 having the highly airtight lens barrel 39 does not require a cover for maintaining a highly purged atmosphere inside the lens barrel. Therefore, by using the optical element 37 and the control device and feeding back the signal from the sensor head 47, the piezo driving section 46 can adjust the position and the attitude of the optical element 37 while maintaining a high-level purge atmosphere. it can. (15) By using the exposure apparatus 31, a high-level purge atmosphere is maintained, and
- High-precision semiconductor devices can be manufactured with high yield.
- the drive element is not limited to a piezo element, and may be another drive element such as a solenoid, a hydraulic actuator, a linear motor, or the like.
- the configuration may be such that the drive amount of the drive element is reduced.
- the displacement part 70 is displaced in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX.
- the displacement of the displacement part 70 may be in another direction intersecting the optical axis AX.
- the plurality of displacement sections 70 and the transmission link sections 72 need not be arranged at equal angular intervals. If it is necessary to increase the rigidity, four or more transmission link parts may be provided.
- the transmission link portion 72 is configured to intersect in the pivot plane. You may.
- the transmission link section 72 is provided symmetrically with respect to the action line AL, a configuration in which these are not symmetrical can be adopted.
- the length and angle of the transmission link 72 may be the same as that of the transmission link 72!
- the kinematic support may not be completely provided as long as implementation is not hindered.
- the embodiment has an irregular kinematic configuration in which three of the six degrees of freedom are constrained, but the driving force is applied in a direction intersecting the optical axis AX of the optical element 37. If this is the case, a configuration that performs kinematic support with a higher degree of freedom may be adopted.
- any means may be used as the guide section, for example, the guide section that slides so as to regulate the internal force or the external force.
- the sensor head 47 may be provided with an airtight monitoring window in the force outer ring 44 for reading the scale 86 in the frame member 41 through an airtight lens.
- the detection of displacement is not limited to optical reading of the scale, and various detection methods such as magnetic reading can be used. Adopt a little.
- a contact exposure apparatus that exposes a mask pattern by bringing a mask and a substrate into close contact without using a projection optical system as an exposure apparatus, and a proximity exposure apparatus that exposes a mask pattern by bringing a mask and a substrate into close proximity It can also be applied to the optical system of the device.
- the projection optical system is not limited to the total refraction type, but may be a catadioptric type.
- the exposure apparatus of the present invention is not limited to a reduction exposure type exposure apparatus, and may be, for example, a 1 ⁇ exposure type or an enlargement type exposure apparatus.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a reticle or a mask used in an optical exposure apparatus, an EUV exposure apparatus, an X-ray exposure apparatus, an electron beam exposure apparatus, etc., which can be used only with a micro device such as a semiconductor element.
- the present invention is also applicable to an exposure apparatus for transferring a circuit pattern onto a substrate, a silicon wafer, or the like.
- Exposure systems that use DUV (deep ultraviolet) or VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) light generally use transmissive reticles, and reticle substrates include quartz glass, fluorine-doped quartz glass, fluorite, and magnesium fluoride. , Or quartz.
- a transmission type mask (stencil mask, memrene mask) is used, and a silicon wafer is used as a mask substrate.
- the present invention relates to an exposure apparatus for transferring a device pattern onto a glass plate in the manufacture of a display such as a liquid crystal display element (LCD), which is not limited to an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing a semiconductor element. Can also be applied. Further, the present invention can be applied to an exposure apparatus for transferring a device pattern to a wafer such as a ceramic in manufacturing a thin film magnetic head and the like, and an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing an imaging device such as a CCD. .
- LCD liquid crystal display element
- the present invention can be applied to a scanning stepper that transfers a pattern of a mask to a substrate in a state where the mask and the substrate are relatively moved and sequentially moves the substrate in steps. Further, the present invention can be applied to a step-and-repeat type stepper in which a pattern of a mask is transferred to a substrate while the mask and the substrate are stationary, and the substrate is sequentially moved in steps.
- the light source of the exposure apparatus is not limited to the F laser (157 nm).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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JP2005516619A JP4654915B2 (ja) | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-22 | 光学素子の保持装置、鏡筒、露光装置、及びデバイスの製造方法 |
US10/584,177 US7697222B2 (en) | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-22 | Apparatus for holding optical element, barrel, exposure apparatus, and device producing method |
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JP2003-431484 | 2003-12-25 | ||
JP2003431484 | 2003-12-25 |
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WO2005064382A1 true WO2005064382A1 (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
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PCT/JP2004/019265 WO2005064382A1 (ja) | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-22 | 光学素子の保持装置、鏡筒、露光装置、及びデバイスの製造方法 |
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US (1) | US7697222B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4654915B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005064382A1 (ja) |
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JP2002134384A (ja) * | 2000-10-20 | 2002-05-10 | Nikon Corp | 露光方法及び装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 |
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JP2012185278A (ja) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 鏡支持機構 |
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Also Published As
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JPWO2005064382A1 (ja) | 2007-12-20 |
US7697222B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 |
JP4654915B2 (ja) | 2011-03-23 |
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