WO2005060005A1 - スイッチング素子 - Google Patents
スイッチング素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005060005A1 WO2005060005A1 PCT/JP2004/018882 JP2004018882W WO2005060005A1 WO 2005060005 A1 WO2005060005 A1 WO 2005060005A1 JP 2004018882 W JP2004018882 W JP 2004018882W WO 2005060005 A1 WO2005060005 A1 WO 2005060005A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- thin film
- switching element
- gold
- switching
- Prior art date
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- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DTCCVIYSGXONHU-CJHDCQNGSA-N (z)-2-(2-phenylethenyl)but-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C(C(O)=O)\C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DTCCVIYSGXONHU-CJHDCQNGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROXJKYXRRSOBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-1h-imidazole-2,5-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound NC=1N=C(C#N)NC=1C#N ROXJKYXRRSOBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FHKPLLOSJHHKNU-INIZCTEOSA-N [(3S)-3-[8-(1-ethyl-5-methylpyrazol-4-yl)-9-methylpurin-6-yl]oxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-(oxan-4-yl)methanone Chemical compound C(C)N1N=CC(=C1C)C=1N(C2=NC=NC(=C2N=1)O[C@@H]1CN(CC1)C(=O)C1CCOCC1)C FHKPLLOSJHHKNU-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APLQAVQJYBLXDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum quinoline Chemical compound [Al+3].N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 APLQAVQJYBLXDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005553 polystyrene-acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/701—Organic molecular electronic devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/20—Carbon compounds, e.g. carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
- H10K85/211—Fullerenes, e.g. C60
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching element for driving a display panel using an organic EL, a switching element used for a high-density memory, and the like. More specifically, a bistable material is arranged between at least two electrodes. To a switching element.
- An organic bistable material is an organic material exhibiting a so-called non-linear response, in which, when a voltage is applied to a material, the current of a circuit rapidly increases at a certain voltage or more and a switching phenomenon is observed.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the voltage-current characteristics of an organic bistable material exhibiting the above-described switching behavior.
- the organic bistable material has two current-voltage characteristics, a high resistance characteristic 51 (off state) and a low resistance characteristic 52 (on state).
- the voltage potential difference
- the state transitions from the off state to the on state. It has non-linear response characteristics whose values change. That is, a so-called switching operation can be performed by applying a voltage of Vth2 or higher or Vthl or lower to this organic bistable material.
- Vthl and Vth2 can be applied as pulsed voltages.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Various organic complexes are known as organic bistable materials exhibiting such a nonlinear response.
- RSPotember and others have used a Cu_TCNQ (copper-tetracyanoquinodimethane) complex and prototyped a switching element that has two stable resistance values with respect to voltage.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 1
- Adachi et al. Formed a Cu-TCNQ complex thin film using a vacuum deposition method, clarified its switching characteristics, and examined its applicability to an organic EL matrix. Reference 3).
- a low-conductivity material such as aminoimidazole dicarbonitrile (AIDCN), aluminum quinoline, polystyrene, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
- AIDCN aminoimidazole dicarbonitrile
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- all of the above-mentioned switching elements are made of a two-component system composed of a combination of a donor molecule or a metal element having a donor property and an acceptor molecule such as TCQN, or a low-conductivity material. It is a two-component system composed of a combination with a high-conductivity material.
- the composition ratio of the two components must be strictly controlled. For this reason, there is a problem that it is difficult to mass-produce a switching element of uniform quality without variation in the bistable characteristics.
- A. Bandyopadhyay et al. Disclose that bistability can be obtained by using Rose Bengal, which is a one-component organic material (see Non-Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 1 WO 02/37500 pamphlet
- Non-Patent Document l R.S.Potember et al. Appl.Phys. Lett. 34, (1979) 405
- Non-Patent Document 2 Kumai et al. Solid Physics 35 (2000) 35
- Non-patent document 3 Proceedings of the Japan Society of Applied Physics Spring 2002 3rd volume 1236
- Non-Patent Document 4 A. Bandyopadhyay et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, (2003) 1215)
- the two-component switching element reproduces the switching phenomenon.
- the switching characteristics are not observed in all devices, even though the devices are manufactured under the same manufacturing conditions that do not have sufficient performance. That is, there is a problem that the appearance probability (transition probability) of the switching (transition) element is low. Also, when a transition is observed, there is a problem that the transition voltage from the off state to the on state is not constant.
- the current force in the ON state is as low as about lmAZcm 2, which is necessary for actually driving the organic EL.
- the current value was one digit or more smaller than the possible current value of lOOmAZcm 2 .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and in a switching element in which a bistable material is arranged between electrodes, switching reproducibility is high and a high current value in an ON state is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a switching element capable of obtaining the following.
- the switching element of the present invention is a switching element in which a bistable material having two kinds of stable resistance values with respect to an applied voltage is disposed as a thin film between at least two electrodes.
- the bistable material is a fullerene, and at least one of the electrodes contains gold.
- the fullerenes are more preferably C60 and / or C70, and more preferably the thickness of the thin film made of the fullerenes is 10 ⁇ to 100 ⁇ m.
- the fullerene thin film is electron-transporting, and the lowest unoccupied orbital level (LU MO): _3.6 eV of the fullerene thin film is higher than the work function of the gold electrode:-5. leV. Therefore, when a negative voltage is applied to the gold electrode, basically no electrons are injected from the gold electrode into the fullerene thin film. Here, it is estimated that when a negative voltage is applied to the gold electrode, positive charges injected from the counter electrode accumulate at this interface, and the electric field increases locally.
- LU MO lowest unoccupied orbital level
- the mobility of electrons in the fullerene thin film is about lcm 2 / Vs.
- This 1 X 10- 3 is a mobility in the case of using an organic compound as a bistable materials - several orders of magnitude greater then 1 X 10- 5 cm 2 / Vs and compared. Therefore, when electrons are injected into the fullerene thin film and turned on, a large on-current can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a switching element of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a chart showing current-voltage characteristics of a switching element in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a chart showing the concept of voltage-current characteristics of a conventional switching element.
- Vthl Low threshold voltage (potential difference)
- Vth2 High threshold voltage (potential difference)
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the switching element of the present invention.
- this switching element has a configuration in which a first electrode layer 20a, a bistable material layer 30, and a second electrode layer 20b are sequentially laminated as thin films on a substrate 10.
- the substrate 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is insulative, but a conventionally known glass substrate or the like is preferably used.
- At least one of the first electrode layer 20a and the second electrode layer 20b needs to be an electrode containing gold, and is preferably a gold electrode.
- the other electrode material may be a metal material such as anodized aluminum, gold, silver, copper, nickel, or iron; an inorganic material such as ITO or carbon; an organic material such as a conjugated organic material;
- a semiconductor material or the like can be appropriately selected and is not particularly limited, a material having a work function of 14 eV or less is preferably used.
- the structure is suitable as a bistable element used for driving or the like.
- Specific examples of the material having a work function of 14 eV or less include aluminum, gold, silver, copper, chromium, nickel, iron, and ITO.
- the electrode is not limited to a thin film, and may be in any form such as a metal plate, a carbon plate, a thin film, and a conductive paint film.
- the thin film When used in the form of a thin film, the thin film can be used by means of a metal foil, a vapor deposition film, a sputtering film, an electrodeposition film, a spray pyrolysis film or the like.
- an electrode can be formed by applying a conductive paint (for example, a paint containing silver and carbon).
- the switching elements are formed on a substrate 10 as shown in FIG. Preferably.
- a plate-shaped electrode such as a metal plate or a carbon plate is used, the substrate need not be particularly used.
- a sandwich electrode provided with an electrode so as to sandwich the bistable material layer 30 may be used.
- a gap electrode such as a parallel electrode or a comb-tooth electrode may be used. May be used without any particular limitation.
- the film thickness of the electrode can be arbitrarily set and is not particularly limited.
- the use of a thin film made of fullerenes as the bistable material layer 30 is particularly preferred.
- the fullerenes are ⁇ term for spherical or rugby ball-shaped carbon Nkurasuta consisting sp 2 carbon, generally C60, C70, C76, C78, C84 Hitoshiryoku S is Yaguchi Rereru. These are contained in soot formed by vaporizing carbon by arc discharge or resistance heating and quenching with an inert gas such as helium (for example, Kraetschmer et al., Nature, 347, 354 (1990)). ), Etc.), C60 is the most abundant. Then, from this soot, a mixture of the above carbon clusters is obtained by extraction with a solvent such as hexane, benzene, toluene, mesitylene, carbon disulfide and the like.
- a solvent such as hexane, benzene, toluene, mesitylene, carbon disulfide and the like.
- a chromatography technique usually used for purifying organic compounds for example, Kraetschmer et al., Nature, No. 347, p. 354 (1990)
- C60 or C70 which is easy to synthesize and isolate, or mixed fullerene obtained by extracting from soot containing them and removing insoluble impurities is preferably used because it is easily available and low cost.
- These fullerenes are commercially available from, for example, Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., and commercially available products can be used.
- the bistable material layer 30, which is a thin film made of fullerenes, can be formed by thinning the above fullerenes by various conventionally known film forming methods. For example, a vacuum deposited film, a cast film, a polymer dispersed film, or the like can be used.
- vacuum deposited film for example, according to the procedure of the general vacuum deposition (thin film Handbook, Japan Society for the Promotion of thin film No. 131 Committee, ed., Ohm, Inc. (1984), etc.), 5 X 10- 5 tOTr following vacuum Below, fullerenes are heated using a metal boat or alumina boat, etc.
- a thin film can be formed by placing a substrate on or under the substrate. At this time, the substrate may be heated or cooled as necessary. When the substrate is cooled, the thin film becomes amorphous, and when heated to room temperature or higher, it becomes crystalline.
- the vacuum deposited film of the fullerenes is stable in air, and is very hard and strong.
- the cast film utilizes the property of dissolving fullerenes in aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and mesitylene, carbon disulfide, n-hexane, and the like, and is a means capable of easily forming a thin film. is there. That is, it is dissolved in the above solvent or the like and dropped on the substrate, or the substrate is fixed on a spinner, and after the above solution is dropped, the spinner is rotated at an appropriate rotation speed to form a thin film, or The solution dropped into the film is thinned by using a bar coater or a doctor blade to form a thin film, and then dried by natural drying, or by heat or vacuum drying. can do.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and mesitylene, carbon disulfide, n-hexane, and the like
- the polymer-dispersed film can be formed, for example, by adding or dissolving fullerenes in a polymer solution and dissolving or dispersing the same, in the same manner as the above-mentioned cast film.
- a dispersing method a pigment dispersing method such as a paint shaker, a Spex mixer mill, a sand mill, a Bonole mill, an Atrater or a kneader can be used.
- the above polymer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include vinyl polymers such as saturated polyester, unsaturated polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, styrene, and polyvinylidene fluoride. And fluorinated polymers such as polyvinyl bifluoride, and copolymers such as styrene-maleic acid. Further, for example, a liquid crystal polymer such as a polyatalylate liquid crystal polymer and a polysiloxane liquid crystal polymer can be used.
- the thickness of the bistable material layer 30, that is, the thickness of the thin film made of fullerenes is sufficient if at least one molecule is used when a gap electrode is used. 100 zm is preferred 10 angstroms per 10 zm is more preferred. If the thickness is less than 10 ⁇ , fullerenes cannot be formed because the thickness is less than a single molecule
- the thickness of the fullerene thin film is preferably in the range of 100 angstroms 100 / im, more preferably 200 angstroms per ⁇ m.
- a switching element having a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 was created in the following procedure.
- a glass substrate is used as the substrate 10, and copper is used as the first electrode layer 20a, fullerene (C60: manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) is used as the bistable material layer 30, and gold is used as the second electrode layer 20b by a vacuum evaporation method.
- a thin film was formed successively and sequentially to form the switching element of Example 1.
- the first electrode layer 20a, the bistable material layer 30, and the second electrode layer 20b were formed to have a thickness of 100 nm, 80 nm, and 100 nm, respectively. Further, the vapor deposition apparatus in diffusion pumping was performed at a vacuum degree of 3 X 10- 6 torr. The deposition rate of copper and gold was 3 A / sec by the resistance heating method, and the deposition rate of fullerene was 2 A / sec by the resistance heating method. The deposition of each layer was performed successively in the same vapor deposition apparatus, and was performed under conditions where the sample did not come into contact with air during the deposition.
- a switching element of Example 2 was obtained by forming a film under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that fullerene (C70: manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) was used as the bistable material layer 30.
- a switching element of Example 3 was obtained by forming a film under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that chromium was used instead of copper as the first electrode layer 20a.
- a switching element of Example 4 was obtained by forming a film under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that gold was used for the first electrode layer 20a and copper was used for the second electrode layer 20b.
- Example 14 the current-voltage characteristics were measured in a room temperature environment.
- Table 1 summarizes the measurement results of the high threshold voltage (potential difference) Vth2, which is the threshold voltage in FIG. 3, and the current density Ion in the ON state.
- the voltage (potential difference) is applied to the second electrode layer 20b side.
- Example 4 the potential of the second electrode layer 20b (copper electrode) is shown with the first electrode layer 20a (gold electrode) as 0 potential.
- FIG. 2 shows current-voltage characteristics of the switching element of the first embodiment.
- the output current of the voltage source was limited to a maximum of lA / cm 2 to prevent damage to the device due to overcurrent.
- the resistance changed from the low resistance state 72 to the high resistance state 71 (from the on state to the off state), and the resistance value changed.
- Vthl force S0V the low threshold voltage (potential difference) Vthl force S0V
- Vth2 the high threshold voltage (potential difference) Vth2 of 7.6 V
- the current value is lAZcm 2 or more in the low resistance state, and it can be seen that the ratio of the low resistance state Z to the high resistance state is at least 10 3 or more.
- the switching element of the present invention can be suitably used for a switching element for driving a display panel such as an organic EL, a high-density memory, and the like.
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Abstract
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JP2005516353A JP4835158B2 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-17 | スイッチング素子 |
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JP2003-420447 | 2003-12-18 | ||
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WO2005060005A1 true WO2005060005A1 (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
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PCT/JP2004/018882 WO2005060005A1 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-17 | スイッチング素子 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007184608A (ja) * | 2006-01-03 | 2007-07-19 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | フラーレン層を具備した相変化メモリ素子の製造方法 |
JP2007288171A (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-11-01 | National Institute For Materials Science | 固体素子構造とそれを使用した電気・電子素子及び電気・電子機器 |
US7663141B2 (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2010-02-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Organic memory devices including organic material and fullerene layers |
JP2011517856A (ja) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-06-16 | サンディスク スリーディー,エルエルシー | 炭素系メモリ素子を含むメモリセルおよびその形成方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0629514A (ja) * | 1992-01-13 | 1994-02-04 | Kawamura Inst Of Chem Res | 半導体素子 |
JPH07104330A (ja) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 非線形光学素子 |
JP2002540591A (ja) * | 1998-12-15 | 2002-11-26 | イー−インク コーポレイション | プラスチック基板へのトランジスタアレイの印刷方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
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JPH04158576A (ja) * | 1990-10-23 | 1992-06-01 | Toshiba Corp | 有機薄膜素子 |
JP2001199715A (ja) * | 2000-01-14 | 2001-07-24 | Sony Corp | フラーレン重合体及びその生成方法、並びに、フラーレン重合体を用いた機能素子及びその製造方法 |
EP1344223A4 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2005-05-25 | Univ California | BISTABLE ORGANIC DEVICE AND ORGANIC MEMORY CELLS |
JP2003282934A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-03 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | 異種有機半導体の混合薄膜による高速応答光電流増倍デバイス |
-
2004
- 2004-12-17 WO PCT/JP2004/018882 patent/WO2005060005A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-12-17 JP JP2005516353A patent/JP4835158B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0629514A (ja) * | 1992-01-13 | 1994-02-04 | Kawamura Inst Of Chem Res | 半導体素子 |
JPH07104330A (ja) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 非線形光学素子 |
JP2002540591A (ja) * | 1998-12-15 | 2002-11-26 | イー−インク コーポレイション | プラスチック基板へのトランジスタアレイの印刷方法 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007184608A (ja) * | 2006-01-03 | 2007-07-19 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | フラーレン層を具備した相変化メモリ素子の製造方法 |
JP2007288171A (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-11-01 | National Institute For Materials Science | 固体素子構造とそれを使用した電気・電子素子及び電気・電子機器 |
US7663141B2 (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2010-02-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Organic memory devices including organic material and fullerene layers |
JP2011517856A (ja) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-06-16 | サンディスク スリーディー,エルエルシー | 炭素系メモリ素子を含むメモリセルおよびその形成方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4835158B2 (ja) | 2011-12-14 |
JPWO2005060005A1 (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
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