WO2005059637A1 - 表示装置 - Google Patents
表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005059637A1 WO2005059637A1 PCT/JP2004/018930 JP2004018930W WO2005059637A1 WO 2005059637 A1 WO2005059637 A1 WO 2005059637A1 JP 2004018930 W JP2004018930 W JP 2004018930W WO 2005059637 A1 WO2005059637 A1 WO 2005059637A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- display device
- electric field
- medium
- electrode
- liquid crystal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/13624—Active matrix addressed cells having more than one switching element per pixel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
- G09G3/3659—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix the addressing of the pixel involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependant on signal of two data electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
- G09G2300/0434—Flat panel display in which a field is applied parallel to the display plane
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0469—Details of the physics of pixel operation
- G09G2300/0478—Details of the physics of pixel operation related to liquid crystal pixels
- G09G2300/0482—Use of memory effects in nematic liquid crystals
- G09G2300/0486—Cholesteric liquid crystals, including chiral-nematic liquid crystals, with transitions between focal conic, planar, and homeotropic states
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0876—Supplementary capacities in pixels having special driving circuits and electrodes instead of being connected to common electrode or ground; Use of additional capacitively coupled compensation electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
- G09G3/3651—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix using multistable liquid crystals, e.g. ferroelectric liquid crystals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display device capable of high-voltage driving.
- liquid crystal display elements have the following advantages in that they are thin, lightweight, and have low power consumption. For this reason, image display devices such as televisions and monitors, warp
- OA Office Automation equipment such as mouths, personal computers, video cameras, digital
- a liquid crystal display method of a liquid crystal display element for example, a twisted nematic (TN) mode using a nematic (nematic) liquid crystal, a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal ( A display mode using AFLC), a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display mode, and the like are known.
- a IPS (In-Plane Swithing) mode transverse electric field driving method in which display is performed using an electric field in a direction parallel to the substrate surface is known.
- a TFT (switching element) structure (a circuit configuration including a TFT) applied to a conventional liquid crystal display device is not suitable for a high driving voltage.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a display element 100 provided in a conventional IPS mode liquid crystal display device.
- the display element 100 is formed by sealing a liquid crystal (not shown) in a dielectric material layer 103 sandwiched between two glass substrates (substrates 101 and 102).
- a signal electrode 104 and a counter electrode 105 for applying an electric field to the dielectric material layer 103 are disposed on the surface of the substrate 101 facing the substrate 102 so as to face each other.
- the substrates 101 and 102 are opposite to the opposing surfaces of both substrates.
- Polarizing plates 106 and 107 are provided on the opposite surface, respectively.
- the liquid crystal display device performs display by changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by an electric field formed by applying a voltage between the two electrodes.
- FIG. 18 is a pixel equivalent circuit diagram using a switching element TFT provided in the above-described liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure of the display element 100.
- the signal electrode 104 and the counter electrode 105 constitute a device capacitance Cp, and the signal electrode 104 is connected to the signal line S via the switching element TFT.
- the counter electrode 105 is connected to a counter electrode line C.
- the gate electrode of the switching element TFT is connected to the scanning line G. As shown in FIG.
- the polarizing plates 106 and 107 provided on the substrates 101 and 102 respectively have absorption axes orthogonal to each other, and the absorption axes of the polarizing plates and the electrodes 104 and 105 are opposed to each other.
- the direction (electric field direction) is provided at an angle of about 45 degrees.
- the voltage applied to the counter electrode line C may be set to AC (AC). .
- the voltage applied to the counter electrode 105 (counter electrode line C) is converted to AC at 0 Vpp.
- a voltage of Vpp-0 is applied to the display element 100.
- a voltage of 0-Vpp is applied to the display element 100. That is, by converting the voltage applied to the counter electrode line C into an alternating current in the range of 0 Vpp, a voltage in the range of 0-earth Vpp is displayed.
- the voltage applied to the display element 100 can be doubled for convenience.
- FIG. 20 is an equivalent circuit diagram of two pixels (pixels 11 and 12) connected to different scanning lines G and connected to each other in the conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 21 is a timing chart showing an example of the voltage state of each part in the pixel 11 and the pixel 12.
- a pixel (display element) 11 and a pixel (display element) 12 having the circuit configuration of the display element 100 shown in FIG. 18 are arranged adjacent to each other.
- the element capacitance Cp in each of the pixels 11 and 12 has one electrode connected to a common signal line S via a switching element TFT, and the other electrode connected to a common counter electrode line C.
- the potential of the counter electrode 105 (the potential of the counter electrode line C) is 0, and the signal voltage (the voltage applied to the signal line S) is
- the switching element TFT is turned on in the state of VPP, the potential of the drain D becomes Vpp, and Vpp is written. Then, even if the switching element TFT is turned off, when the adjacent pixel 12 is not written with the opposite polarity, that is, when the potential of the counter electrode line C remains 0, the drain D
- the potential difference of electrode line C (corresponding electrode) is kept at Vpp.
- the potential of the counter electrode line C is set to 0 in order to write Vpp to other pixels. Then, the potential of the drain D in the pixel 12 drops to 1 Vpp.
- the potential of the drain D becomes the potential at the time of writing (Vpp or Vpp in the above example). 0) (in the example above, it fluctuates to 2 Vpp or -Vpp).
- the driving voltage that can be applied to the liquid crystal layer in the conventional liquid crystal display element is limited by the I-pressure characteristic of a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element.
- TFT thin film transistor
- a polysilicon panel for example, a pixel and its driving circuit are collectively mounted on a substrate
- a TFT made of polysilicon is often used, but in this case, the TFT made of polysilicon has a low withstand voltage, so the upper limit of the driving voltage is also reduced.
- liquid crystal display devices using the TN mode have drawbacks such as slow response and a narrow viewing angle, and these drawbacks are a major obstacle to surpassing CRT (cathode ray tube). I have.
- the display mode using FLC or AFLC has advantages such as quick response and a wide viewing angle, but has major disadvantages in terms of shock resistance and temperature characteristics. However, it has not been widely used.
- the polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display mode using light scattering does not require a polarizing plate, and can perform high-luminance display. However, there is little problem with TN mode.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a fixed direction, and the appearance differs depending on the angle with respect to the liquid crystal molecules, and thus there is a limitation on the viewing angle.
- All of these display methods use the rotation of liquid crystal molecules due to the application of an electric field, and the response is time-consuming because the liquid crystal molecules rotate in alignment while being aligned.
- the display mode using FLC or AFLC is advantageous in terms of response speed and viewing angle, but irreversible alignment breakdown due to external force becomes a problem.
- the electro-optic effect is a phenomenon in which the refractive index of a substance changes due to an external electric field.
- the electro-optic effect has an effect proportional to the first order of the electric field and an effect proportional to the second order, which are called the Pockels effect and the Kerr effect, respectively.
- the Kerr effect which is a secondary electro-optic effect, has been applied to high-speed optical shutters from an early stage and has been put to practical use in special measuring instruments.
- the Kerr effect was discovered by J. Kerr (Kerr) in 1875, and organic liquids such as nitrobenzene and carbon disulfide have been known as materials exhibiting the Kerr effect. . These materials are used, for example, for the above-described optical shutter, light modulation element, light polarization element, or high electric field strength measurement of a power cable or the like.
- liquid crystal material has a large Kerr constant, and basic studies for light modulation elements, light deflection elements, and optical integrated circuit applications were performed. Liquid crystal compounds exhibiting a Kerr constant in excess have also been reported.
- the Kerr effect is second-order proportional to the electric field, it can be expected to operate at a relatively low voltage compared to the Pockels effect, which is proportional to the first-order electric field. Since it exhibits a response characteristic of millisecond, it is expected to be applied to a high-speed response display device.
- a display device including a polarizing plate disposed outside at least one of the pair of substrates and an electric field applying unit for applying an electric field to the medium is disclosed.
- the display device disclosed in the above patent publication has a problem in that the driving voltage is high. For this reason, the display device disclosed in the above patent publication can be driven using a TFT (thin film transistor, switching element) structure (a circuit configuration including a TFT) applied to a conventional liquid crystal display device. Can not. Therefore, in order to drive a display device using the Kerr effect as disclosed in the above-mentioned patent publication, a TFT which is applied to a conventional liquid crystal display device and can be driven even when using a TFT, A circuit configuration suitable for high drive voltage is required.
- TFT thin film transistor, switching element
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of increasing a driving voltage even when a TFT having a limited breakdown voltage is used as a switching element. To provide.
- At least one of the display devices according to the present invention is transparent.
- a display element having a pair of substrates, a medium sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and a first electrode and a second electrode for applying an electric field to the medium, and applying an electric field to the medium.
- a display device that performs display by performing the above operation, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to different switching elements, respectively.
- the display device of the present invention includes a plurality of the above-described display elements, and a first signal line and a second signal line are provided for each display element, and the first electrode and the second electrode are provided.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the switching elements are connected to different signal lines via different switching elements.
- both of the switching elements connected to the two electrodes are turned on, and the signal voltage is applied between the two electrodes.
- the switching element connected to both electrodes is turned off. Therefore, the voltage fluctuation of both electrodes due to the parasitic capacitance of the switching element occurs with the same tendency. For this reason, voltage fluctuations at both electrodes tend to cancel each other, and the problem of voltage shift at both electrodes can be reduced.
- the display device of the present invention includes a plurality of the display elements, a signal line provided for each of the display elements, and a counter electrode line provided commonly for the plurality of display elements.
- the first electrode is connected to the signal line via a switching element.
- the second electrode may be connected to the counter electrode line via a switching element different from the switching element to which the first electrode is connected.
- the display device of the present invention may be configured such that the medium includes a medium whose refractive index changes in proportion to the second order of the electric field. Further, the medium may include a medium containing a liquid crystalline substance. Further, the medium may have a structure including a medium containing polar molecules.
- the medium may have a configuration in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes when an electric field is applied.
- a change in the degree of optical anisotropy means a change in the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid. That is, in the display element of the present invention, different display states can be realized by utilizing the change in the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid when an electric field is not applied and when an electric field is applied.
- the refractive index ellipsoid remains elliptical when an electric field is applied and when no electric field is applied, and its major axis direction (the direction of the refractive index ellipsoid) changes (rotates). ).
- different display states are realized by changing (rotating) the major axis direction of the refractive index ellipsoid when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied.
- a conventional liquid crystal display device since the change in the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules is used, the inherent viscosity of the liquid crystal greatly affects the response speed.
- display is performed using a change in the degree of optical anisotropy in the medium. Therefore, according to the above configuration, unlike the conventional liquid crystal display element, there is no problem when the viscosity inherent to the liquid crystal greatly affects the response speed, and thus a high-speed response can be realized. Further, since the display element of the present invention has a high-speed response, it can be used for, for example, a field-sequential color unidirectional display device.
- the driving temperature range is limited to a temperature near the phase transition point of the liquid crystal phase, and there is a problem that extremely accurate temperature control is required.
- the above-mentioned medium is changed by applying an electric field. Since it is only necessary to maintain the temperature at which the degree of optical anisotropy changes, temperature control can be facilitated.
- display is performed using the change in the degree of optical anisotropy in the medium, so that the display is wider than a conventional liquid crystal display element that performs display by changing the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules. Viewing angle characteristics can be realized.
- the medium may exhibit optical isotropic properties when no electric field is applied, and may exhibit optical anisotropy when an electric field is applied.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is spherical when no electric field is applied, and changes to an ellipse when an electric field is applied.
- the material may exhibit optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied, and exhibit optical isotropy when an electric field is applied.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is elliptical when no electric field is applied, and changes to a spherical shape when an electric field is applied.
- the medium may exhibit optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied, and the degree of optical anisotropy may be changed by applying an electric field.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is an ellipse when no electric field is applied, and changes to an ellipse whose shape is changed by applying an electric field.
- the molecules constituting the medium may have an ordered structure (orientational order) smaller than the optical wavelength when an electric field is applied or when no electric field is applied.
- the medium may have an order (ordered structure, orientational order) instead of a liquid isotropic phase below the optical wavelength. If this ordered structure is less than the optical wavelength, it will be optically isotropic. Therefore, by using a medium whose ordered structure is smaller than the optical wavelength when an electric field is applied or when no electric field is applied, it is possible to reliably make the display state different between when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied.
- the above-mentioned medium that is, a medium in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes by applying an electric field, has, for example, an ordered structure (orientation order) in which the arrangement of molecules shows cubic symmetry.
- It may be a medium.
- it may be a medium composed of molecules exhibiting a cubic phase or a smectic D phase.
- a medium composed of a liquid crystal microemulsion may be used.
- it may be a medium made of a lyotropic liquid crystal showing any of a micelle phase, a reverse micelle phase, a sponge phase, and a cubic phase.
- micellar phase It may be a medium composed of a liquid crystal fine particle dispersion showing any one of an inverted micelle phase, a sponge phase, and a cubic phase. Alternatively, it may be composed of a dendrimer. Alternatively, it may be a medium composed of molecules exhibiting a cholesteric blue phase. Alternatively, it may be a medium composed of molecules exhibiting a smectic blue phase.
- the medium may have a selective reflection wavelength range or a helical pitch of 400 nm or less. If the medium has a helical pitch greater than OO nm, the medium may have a color reflecting the helical pitch. That is, when the medium is larger than 400 nm, light having a wavelength reflecting the helical pitch is selectively reflected, and the display color of the display element changes to a color reflecting the helical pitch. There are cases. This phenomenon of selectively reflecting light of a wavelength reflecting the helical pitch is called selective reflection.
- the selective reflection wavelength also depends on the angle of incidence on the helical axis of the medium. Therefore, when the ordered structure of the medium is not a one-dimensional structure, for example, when the medium has a three-dimensional structure, the incident angle of light on the helical axis has a distribution. Therefore, a distribution can be formed in the width of the selective reflection wavelength. Therefore, the entire selective reflection wavelength range is preferably 400 nm or less.
- the selective reflection wavelength range or the helical pitch of the medium is more preferably 380 nm or less.
- the International Commission on Illumination CIE Commission Internationale de Eclairage
- the helical pitch of the medium is more preferably 253 nm or less.
- the above coloration is also related to the average refractive index of the dielectric medium (medium) that depends only on the helical pitch and incident angle .
- ⁇ is the average refractive index
- ⁇ is the helical pitch
- ⁇ is the anisotropy of the refractive index.
- ⁇ varies depending on the dielectric substance (medium).
- the average refractive index of the liquid crystalline substance is: About 1.
- the helical pitch of the medium is more preferably 240 nm or less.
- ⁇ is set to 400 nm (wavelength that human eyes cannot generally recognize), but if ⁇ is set to 380 nm (wavelength that human eyes cannot reliably recognize), the dielectric medium (
- the helical pitch of the medium for preventing the above-described coloration is 240 nm or less. Therefore, by setting the helical pitch of the medium to 240 nm or less, the above-described coloration can be reliably prevented.
- the present display device may be configured to include an auxiliary capacitor connected in parallel to the first electrode and the second electrode.
- a first auxiliary capacitor having one electrode connected to the first electrode
- a second auxiliary capacitor having one electrode connected to the second electrode
- the other electrode of the first auxiliary capacitor and the second auxiliary capacitor may be provided.
- the first electrode and the second electrode may be disposed so as to apply an electric field in a direction substantially parallel to a substrate surface of the substrate. ,.
- a driving voltage tends to be increased in order to improve an aperture ratio and a response speed.
- the driving voltage can be increased even when the withstand voltage of the switching element is limited.
- the first electrode and the switching element connected thereto, and the second electrode and the switching element connected thereto are formed on the same substrate.
- a conventional horizontal electric field drive type display device in which one switching element is provided for each pixel, or a vertical electric field drive method in which an electric field is applied between both substrates (between electrodes provided on both substrates).
- the display device has the following advantages as compared with the case where switching elements are provided on both substrates and the electrodes provided on both substrates are connected to different switching elements.
- the TFT may be formed in the same direction as that of the conventional in-plane switching display, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a photocurrent due to the backlight.
- the display device of the vertical electric field driving method since a channel of a TFT provided on one substrate side is directly opposed to a backlight, an off defect may occur due to a photocurrent.
- the TFT Since the TFT only needs to be formed on one substrate, the pixel and its driving circuit
- a monolithic structure for example, a low-temperature polysilicon monolithic panel
- the number of drivers can be reduced without lowering the yield rate. That is, the above configuration is compatible with the monolithic structure. It is possible to adopt a monolithic structure in the display device of the vertical electric field driving method, but in this case, there is a problem that the non-defective product rate is greatly reduced. In other words, in the case of a monolithic structure, the yield rate is generally low, but in the vertical electric field drive type display device, it is necessary to combine two substrates with a monolithic structure. Becomes the square of
- the display device of the present invention is not limited to a display device of a horizontal electric field drive system, but may be a display device of a vertical electric field drive system. That is, the first electrode and the second electrode may be formed on different substrates.
- the display device includes a plurality of the display elements, a signal line provided for each of the display elements, and a counter electrode line provided in common for the plurality of display elements.
- the second electrode is connected to the counter electrode line via a switching element different from the switching element to which the first electrode is connected. Is preferred.
- the TFT provided on one substrate is connected to the common counter electrode line for each pixel. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately wire the signal lines to the TFTs provided for each pixel on the one substrate. For this reason, the non-defective rate can be improved. Also, there is no need to connect a source driver to the one substrate.
- FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration corresponding to each display element in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a display element provided in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state where no voltage (electric field) is applied.
- FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view of a display element provided in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention in a state where a voltage (electric field) is applied.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an arrangement of electrodes and polarizing plates in a display element provided in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a display element in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state where no voltage (electric field) is applied.
- FIG. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view of a display element in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state where a voltage (electric field) is applied.
- FIG. 4 (c) is a graph showing a voltage transmittance curve in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration provided on one substrate in each display element provided in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example in which a horizontal alignment film and a color filter are provided in a display element included in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a structural model of various liquid crystal phases.
- FIG. 8 is a structural model (rod network model) of a cubic phase.
- FIG. 9 is a structural model of a cubic phase.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a difference in display principle between a display element provided in a display device of the present invention and a conventional liquid crystal display element when BABH8 is used as a medium to be enclosed in a dielectric substance layer. It is.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a liquid crystal microemulsion.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a structure of a liquid crystal microemulsion.
- FIG. 13 is a classification diagram of a lyotropic liquid crystal phase.
- FIG. 14 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration corresponding to each display element in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit configuration corresponding to each display element when an auxiliary capacitor is provided in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 shows a case where an auxiliary capacitance is provided in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing another example of a circuit configuration corresponding to each display element of FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a display element provided in a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 18 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration corresponding to each display element in a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration provided on one substrate in each display element provided in a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 20 is an equivalent circuit diagram of two adjacent pixels connected to different scanning lines in a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 21 is a timing chart showing an example of a voltage state of each part of two adjacent pixels connected to different scanning lines in a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 22 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit configuration when two electrodes are provided on different substrates in the display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 (a) is a schematic wiring diagram on the one substrate side in the display device of FIG. 22.
- FIG. 23 (b) is a schematic wiring diagram of the display device of FIG. 22 on the other substrate side.
- FIG. 23 (c) is a schematic wiring diagram showing the positional relationship between both electrodes when viewed from one substrate side in the display device of FIG. 22.
- FIG. 24 Voltage-transmittance characteristic force measured for a display element according to an embodiment of the present invention. Estimated voltage value at which transmittance is maximized, refractive index anisotropy ⁇ , and dielectric constant difference. It is a graph which shows the relationship with the product ([Delta] [eta] [Delta] [epsilon]) with the isotropic [Delta] [epsilon].
- FIG. 2 (a) and FIG. 2 (b) are cross-sectional views showing a schematic configuration of a display element (pixel) 10 provided in a display device (present display device) according to the present embodiment.
- the present display device includes a plurality of such display elements 10 together with a drive circuit, signal lines (data signal lines), scanning lines (scanning signal lines), and the like. That is, the present display device is provided with a plurality of data signal lines and a plurality of scanning signal lines each intersecting each data signal line.
- a pixel including the display element 10 is provided for each combination of the data signal line and the scanning signal line.
- the display element 10 has a conductive material layer 3 as an optical modulation layer sandwiched between two opposing substrates (substrates 1 and 2).
- an electrode (signal electrode) 4 and an electrode (opposite electrode) 5, which are electric field applying means for applying an electric field to the dielectric material layer 3, are arranged facing each other.
- polarizers 6 and 7 are provided on the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 opposite to the opposing surfaces of both substrates, respectively.
- FIG. 2 (a) shows a state in which no voltage (electric field) is applied between the electrodes 4 and 5 (voltage (electric field) is not applied (OFF state)), and FIG. 2 (b) Represents the state in which a voltage (electric field) is applied between the electrodes 4 and 5 (the state in which the voltage (electric field) is applied ( ⁇ N state)).
- Substrates 1 and 2 are made of glass substrates. However, the material of the substrates 1 and 2 is not limited to this, and at least one of the substrates 1 and 2 may be a transparent substrate.
- the distance between the two substrates in the display element 10, that is, the thickness of the dielectric material layer 3 is ⁇ . However, the interval between the two substrates is not limited to this, and may be set arbitrarily.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the arrangement of the electrodes 4 and 5 and the absorption axis directions of the polarizing plates 6 and 7.
- the electrode 4 and the electrode 5 in the display element 10 are composed of comb-shaped electrodes formed in a comb shape, and are arranged to face each other.
- the electrodes 4 and 5 are formed with a line width of 5 ⁇ m and a distance between electrodes (electrode spacing) of 5 ⁇ m, but are not limited thereto. It can be set arbitrarily according to the gap between.
- the materials of the electrodes 4 and 5 various conventionally known materials such as a transparent electrode material such as ITO (indium tin oxide) and a metal electrode material such as aluminum can be used. Also, the shapes of both electrodes are not limited to the comb-shaped electrodes, and may be changed as appropriate.
- the polarizing plates 6 and 7 provided on both the substrates respectively have absorption axes orthogonal to each other, and have a comb-toothed portion between the absorption axis of each polarizing plate and the electrodes 4 and 5.
- the direction of the electrode extension (the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electric field is applied) forms an angle of about 45 degrees.
- the absorption axis of each polarizing plate is oriented in the direction in which the electrodes 4.5 apply the electric field. At an angle of about 45 degrees.
- a compound having the following structural formula (1) (hereinafter, referred to as compound A) is encapsulated in the dielectric material layer 3.
- the temperature of the dielectric material layer 3 is set to a predetermined temperature, that is, a temperature equal to or higher than the nematic phase-isotropic phase transition temperature (liquid crystal-isotropic phase transition temperature) of the compound A.
- a heating means (not shown) for heating is provided. This heating means may be, for example, a heater provided around the display element 10 or a sheet heater directly bonded to the display element 10.
- an alignment film subjected to a rubbing treatment may be formed on the opposing surfaces of both substrates 1 and 2 as necessary.
- the alignment film formed on the substrate 1 side may be formed so as to cover the electrodes 4 and 5.
- FIG. 4 (a) shows a case where the dielectric material layer 3 is maintained at a temperature just above the phase transition of the nematic phase isotropic phase and no electric field is applied between the electrodes 4 and 5 in the present display device.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the orientation state of liquid crystal molecules.
- FIG. 4 (b) shows the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules in the present display device when the temperature is maintained just above the nematic phase-isotropic phase transition and an electric field is applied between the electrodes 4 and 5.
- FIG. 4 (b) shows the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules in the present display device when the temperature is maintained just above the nematic phase-isotropic phase transition and an electric field is applied between the electrodes 4 and 5.
- the dielectric material layer 3 is heated by a heating means to a temperature immediately above the phase transition of the nematic phase isotropic phase (a temperature slightly higher than the phase transition temperature). (For example, + 0.1K), and the electric field can be applied to change the transmittance. That is, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), in the state where no electric field is applied, since the conductive material layer 3 made of compound A is in an isotropic phase, it is optically isotropic and becomes a black display state. . On the other hand, when an electric field is applied, as shown in FIG. Since the long axis direction of the molecule of compound A is oriented in the direction and birefringence is developed, the transmittance can be modulated.
- FIG. 4 (c) shows the voltage (electric field) applied between the electrodes 4 and 5 in this display device while maintaining the dielectric material layer 3 at a temperature just above the phase transition of the nematic phase and the isotropic phase.
- 7 is a graph showing a voltage transmittance curve when is changed. As shown in this figure, in this display device, the transmittance can be changed according to the applied voltage.
- the transmittance can be modulated to a practically sufficient level at a voltage of about 0 V to about 100 V.
- the required voltage increases, as explained below.
- Tni is the transition point temperature
- T is the medium temperature
- FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration corresponding to each display element 10 in the present display device.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a circuit provided on the substrate 1 in each display element 10.
- the electrodes 4 and 5 constitute the element capacitance Cp, and the electrode 4 is connected to the signal line S1 via the switching element TFT1.
- the electrode 5 is connected to the signal line S via the switching element TFT2. That is, the present display device is not provided with the counter electrode lines, but is provided with two signal lines (signal electrode lines) S1 'S2 for the same pixel (the same display element). For this reason, in the present display device, it can be said that the distinction between the signal electrode and the counter electrode has been lost.
- both electrodes (electrodes 4 and 5) for applying a voltage to the medium sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 are connected to the drain Dl of the switching element TFT1'TFT2. 'Connected to D2 side.
- both electrodes 4.5 are not connected to any electrode wire (signal line). That is, in the present display device, the terminals (electrodes 4.5) on both sides of the element capacitance Cp are connected to the signal lines S1 ′ S2 via the switching elements TFT1 ′ TFT2, respectively.
- the terminals on both sides can be made high impedance (insulated) with respect to the signal lines S1 and S2.
- the display element 10 (connected to the scanning line G1)
- the potentials of the electrodes 4 and 5 in the display element 10) are kept constant. That is, unlike the above-described conventional liquid crystal display device, any problem does not occur when the drain potential fluctuates, and it is not necessary to increase the gate voltage for driving the switching element TFT.
- the voltage applied to the scanning line G can be reduced, and the durability of the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2 can be improved. Further, for example, even when the voltage applied to the signal lines S1 and S2 is increased in order to increase the drive voltage, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the durability of the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2.
- the present display device high voltage driving becomes possible.
- high voltage driving is possible even in a display device using the electro-optical effect, so that a display device having high-speed response characteristics and high viewing angle characteristics can be realized.
- the parasitic capacitance is formed, for example, in a region where the drain electrode and the scan line in the switching element (TFT) overlap, that is, between the drain electrode and the gate electrode of the switching element (TFT). Present in the insulating layer.
- the switching element (TFT) there is a location other than the switching element (TFT), for example, at a location where the drain electrode and the scanning line are closest to each other in a horizontal position.
- the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2 have the same configuration.
- the parasitic capacitance generated between the drain electrode and the gate electrode is preferably the same.
- the arrangement of the electrodes 4 and 5, the switching elements TFT1 'TFT2, and the scanning line G is preferably arranged such that the parasitic capacitance generated between the electrodes 4.5 and the scanning line is the same. .
- the voltage shifts of the electrodes 4 and 5 due to the parasitic capacitance of the two have the same magnitude and cancel each other out, so that it is not necessary to consider the problem of the voltage shift.
- the structure of the present display device is particularly suitable for a panel having a large number of pixels.
- the present display device may have a configuration in which an auxiliary capacitor is provided for each display element 10.
- the auxiliary capacitance Cs may be connected in parallel with the element capacitance Cp (electrodes 4 and 5).
- an auxiliary capacitance line C ′ and two auxiliary capacitances Csl ′ Cs2 are provided so that the electrodes 4 and 5 of the element capacitance Cp are different from each other.
- Via capacity Csl 'Cs2 It may be configured to connect to the auxiliary capacitance wiring c ′.
- the present display device has an advantage that a driving voltage can be reduced by using a substance having a large polarity.
- a driving voltage can be reduced by using a substance having a large polarity.
- impurity ions and the like although a large amount of impurity ions and the like is included, a leak current is likely to be generated in the pixel capacitor immediately, but the addition of the auxiliary capacitor is preferable because the influence can be reduced.
- the force in which the electrodes 4 and 5 are formed only on the substrate 1 is not limited thereto.
- the electrodes 4 and 5 may be provided on each of the substrates 1 and 2.
- the force using the compound A as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 is not limited to this.
- another liquid crystal substance may be used.
- a single compound may exhibit liquid crystallinity, or a mixture of a plurality of substances may exhibit liquid crystallinity. Alternatively, these may be mixed with other non-liquid crystalline substances.
- a liquid crystalline substance as described in the above-mentioned JP-A-2001-249363 that is, 5CB (4-cyano-4'-n-pentylbiphenyl), 5 ⁇ CB (4-cyano-4 '-N-pentyloxybiphenyl, 30CB (4-cyano-4'-n-propyloxybiphenyl) and 5CB and 7 OCB (4-cyano-4'-n-butyloxybiphenyl), etc.
- Quantity mixture PCH5 (Trans — 4 — Heptyl ( 4 — Cyanophenyl) — Cyclohexane), 3HPFF, 5HPFF and 7HPF
- a liquid crystalline substance that is divided into small sections by a network polymer, microcapsules, or a porous inorganic substance may be used.
- the medium to be encapsulated in the substrate is, for example, a Kerr effect (electrically conductive material) such as PLZT (metal oxide obtained by adding lanthanum to a solid solution of lead dinoleconate and lead titanate). (Optical effect).
- the medium to be sealed in the dielectric substance layer 3 may be a medium containing polar molecules, such as nitrobenzene. These media are typically optically approximately isotropic when no electric field is applied, and are media in which optical modulation is induced by the application of an electric field. That is, these media are typically materials whose orientational order of molecules or molecular aggregates (clusters) increases with the application of an electric field.
- the medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 preferably has an increased birefringence due to the application of an electric field.
- the medium sealed in the dielectric substance layer 3 may be another medium whose degree of optical anisotropy changes by application of an electric field.
- the medium in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes by application of an electric field is, for example, a medium that exhibits optical isotropy when no electric field is applied and exhibits optical anisotropy when an electric field is applied. Is also good.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is spherical when no electric field is applied, and changes to an ellipse when an electric field is applied.
- a medium that has optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied and loses optical anisotropy when an electric field is applied and exhibits optical isotropy may be used.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is elliptical when no electric field is applied, and changes to a spherical shape when an electric field is applied.
- the medium may exhibit optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied, and the degree of the optical anisotropy may be changed by applying an electric field.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is an ellipse when no electric field is applied, and changes to an ellipse whose shape is changed by applying an electric field.
- a liquid crystal phase having a nanoscale structure, which is optically isotropic can be used. By applying an electric field to these, a nanoscale microstructure can be strained to induce optical modulation.
- examples of a medium that can be used as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the display device will be described as a medium example.
- the medium examples shown below are examples of usable media, and do not limit the media that can be used in the present display device.
- a liquid crystal (for example, a nematic liquid crystal) used in a conventional IPS mode (IPS mode) liquid crystal display device can be used. That is, the configuration of the present display device can be applied to a liquid crystal display element using the IPS mode.
- IPS mode IPS mode
- the display element provided in the present display device may be configured as a display element 20 shown in FIG.
- the display element 20 includes a color filter layer (CF layer) 21 inside the substrate 2 in addition to the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
- the inside of the substrates 1 and 2 may be inclined about 10 degrees (either clockwise or counterclockwise) with respect to the direction in which the electrodes (pixel electrodes) 4.5 extend (the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction).
- Each of the rubbed horizontal alignment films 22 and 23 is provided.
- the substrates 1 and 2 are occupied by shells so that the gap between the substrates (the width of the dielectric material layer 3) is 5 xm, and the dielectric material layer 3 is filled with nematic liquid crystal. Have been. Further, in this configuration, the substrate 1 can be expressed as a TFT substrate, and the substrate 2 can be expressed as a CF substrate.
- the present display device is configured as an IPS mode liquid crystal display device, substantially the same effect as the above-described configuration using the compound A can be obtained. That is, the voltage applied to the scanning line G can be reduced, and the durability of the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2 can be improved. Also, for example, to increase the driving voltage, a signal line Even when the voltage applied to SI and S2 is increased, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the durability of switching elements TFT1 and TFT2.
- the present display device having such a configuration can perform higher voltage driving than a conventional IPS-type liquid crystal display device. Therefore, the response speed can be increased.
- the gap between the electrodes (the distance between the electrodes 4 and 5) can be increased, so that a high aperture ratio can be achieved.
- the force S is assumed to include the horizontal alignment films 22 and 23 that are rubbed in an oblique direction at about 10 degrees with respect to the direction in which the electrodes 4 and 5 extend. It's not something.
- the inclination angle of the rubbing direction with respect to the electrodes 4 and 5 may be set arbitrarily.
- the substrates 1 and 2 are bonded so that the gap between the two substrates is 5 zm. The force is not limited to this, and the gap between the two substrates may be set arbitrarily.
- the degree of optical anisotropy is reduced by applying an electric field that is different from that of compound A as a medium sealed in the dielectric material layer 3. Use another medium that changes, or use it.
- BABH8 is used as the substance to be encapsulated in the dielectric material layer 3, that is, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the BABH8 is added to the dielectric material layer 3.
- the display principle of the present display device in the case where is enclosed will be described.
- the temperature of the dielectric material layer 3 is set to 136.7 ° C or higher. Control to 1 ° C or less.
- BABH8 has a cubic symmetry (cubic crystal symmetry) with a lattice constant of about 6 nm, which is one order of magnitude smaller than the optical wavelength and less than the optical wavelength (less than the wavelength of visible light).
- Cubic phase (cubic phase) consisting of an ordered structure (orientational order) having Note that “Exploring the nanostructured liquid crystal phase by molecular simulation” above shows a structural model of the cubic phase as shown in FIGS.
- BABH8 is transparent because the ordered structure is less than the optical wavelength. That is, in the above-mentioned temperature range, when no electric field is applied, the dielectric substance layer 3 exhibits optically isotropic properties (the macroscopic macroscopically isotropic). Therefore, in the present display device using BABH8, excellent black display can be performed under orthogonal Nicols.
- the present display device having the above-described configuration distortion is generated in the structure having cubic symmetry due to application of an electric field, and birefringence is generated. Therefore, favorable white display can be performed. .
- the direction in which birefringence occurs is constant, and the magnitude changes with application of an electric field.
- the voltage transmittance curve showing the relationship between the voltage (electric field) applied between the electrodes 4 and 5 and the transmittance is a stable curve in such a wide temperature range. That is, in the present display device having the above configuration, a stable voltage transmittance curve can be obtained in a temperature range of about 20 ° C. of 136.7 ° C. or more and 16 C or less, and the temperature control becomes extremely easy.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a difference in display principle between the present display device and the conventional display type liquid crystal display element when BABH8 is used.
- 5 schematically shows the shape and direction of a refractive index ellipsoid.
- FIG. 10 shows the display principle of the conventional display method in the TN method, VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical alignment) method, and IPS (In Plane Switchig, in-plane response) method.
- the TN mode liquid crystal display element has a configuration in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between opposing substrates, and a transparent electrode (electrode) is provided on each of the substrates.
- the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is twisted in a helical direction, and when an electric field is applied, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is oriented along the direction of the electric field.
- the average refractive index ellipsoid has a long axis direction parallel to the substrate surface when no electric field is applied, and a long axis direction normal to the substrate surface when an electric field is applied, as shown in FIG. Turn to.
- the refractive index ellipsoid has an elliptical shape when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied, and the major axis direction (the direction of the refractive index ellipsoid) changes with the application of the electric field. That is, the index ellipsoid rotates.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is almost the same between when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied.
- the VA mode liquid crystal display element has a configuration in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between opposing substrates, and transparent electrodes (electrodes) are provided on both substrates.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface. Is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the electric field.
- the average refractive index ellipsoid has a long axis direction normal to the substrate surface when no electric field is applied, and a long axis direction parallel to the substrate surface when an electric field is applied, as shown in FIG. Turn to.
- the refractive index ellipsoid has an elliptical shape when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied, and its major axis direction changes (the refractive index ellipsoid rotates).
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is almost the same between when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied.
- the IPS mode liquid crystal display element has a configuration in which a pair of electrodes facing each other is provided on one substrate, and a liquid crystal layer is formed in a region between both electrodes. Then, the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is changed by the application of an electric field, so that different display states can be realized when no electric field is applied and when the electric field is applied. Therefore, even in the IPS mode liquid crystal display element, as shown in FIG. 10, the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is elliptical when the electric field is not applied and when the electric field is applied, and the major axis direction changes (refractive index ellipse). The body rotates). The shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is almost the same between when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied.
- the liquid crystal molecules remain even when no electric field is applied. They are oriented in any direction, and display (modulation of transmittance) is performed by changing the orientation direction by applying an electric field.
- the display is performed by using the fact that the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid does not change, but the direction of the refractive index ellipsoid rotates (changes) by applying an electric field.
- the shape of the refractive index ellipsoid is almost the same between when no electric field is applied and when an electric field is applied. That is, in the conventional display type liquid crystal display element, the degree of orientational order of liquid crystal molecules above visible light is constant, and display is performed by changing the orientation direction.
- the present display device using BABH8 is different from a conventional liquid crystal display device in that it does not use an isotropic phase (a so-called liquid phase).
- the isotropic phase means a phase in which the orientation direction of molecules is isotropic.
- the refractive index ellipsoid becomes spherical unlike a conventional liquid crystal display element when no electric field is applied.
- the optical anisotropy the degree of orientational order in visible light or more> 0 (the degree of orientational ordering that affects the visible light wavelength region and light having a wavelength larger than the visible light wavelength region) is increased.
- nx , ny , and nz are, respectively, a direction parallel to the substrate surface and parallel to the opposing direction of both electrodes, a direction parallel to the substrate surface and perpendicular to the opposing direction of both electrodes, and a direction parallel to the substrate surface. It shows the refractive index with respect to the vertical direction.
- the major axis direction of the refractive index ellipsoid when the electric field is applied is always parallel (in the case of a medium having a positive dielectric anisotropy) or perpendicular (in the case of a medium having a negative dielectric anisotropy) to the electric field direction.
- a medium having a positive dielectric anisotropy or perpendicular (in the case of a medium having a negative dielectric anisotropy) to the electric field direction.
- the direction of optical anisotropy is constant (electric field The application direction does not change), and the display is performed by modulating the orientational order at visible light or higher. That is, in the present display device using BABH8, the degree of the optical anisotropy or the orientational order of the medium itself changes. Therefore, the display principle of this display device using BABH8 is significantly different from the liquid crystal display devices of other display methods.
- the display is performed using the strain generated in the structure having the cubic symmetry, that is, the change in the degree of the optical anisotropy in the medium.
- Wide viewing angle characteristics can be realized as compared with a conventional display type liquid crystal display device that performs display by changing the direction.
- the direction in which birefringence occurs is constant and the optical axis direction does not change, so that a wider viewing angle characteristic can be realized.
- the present display device using BABH8 display is performed using optical anisotropy developed by distortion of the structure (lattice such as a crystal) of a minute region. For this reason, a high-speed response of about 1 ms can be realized, which eliminates the problem that the inherent viscosity of the liquid crystal greatly affects the response speed as in the display principle of the conventional method. In other words, the display principle of the conventional method utilizes the change in the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, a high-speed response in which the influence of the inherent viscosity of the liquid crystal is small can be realized. For this reason, the present display device using BABH8 is also suitable, for example, for a field sequential color display device that requires high-speed response.
- the force described when BABH8 is used as an example of a medium in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes due to the application of an electric field is not limited to this.
- a cubic phase other than BABH8 is shown.
- a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device a medium composed of molecules showing a smectic D phase (SmD), which is one of the liquid crystal phases, can be applied.
- SmD smectic D phase
- liquid crystalline substance exhibiting a smectic D phase examples include ANBC16.
- a plurality of molecules form a three-dimensional lattice such as Jungle Jim (registered trademark), and its lattice constant is less than tens of nm, which is less than the optical wavelength. That is, the smectic D phase has cubic symmetry, and has an orientational order (ordered structure) smaller than the optical wavelength.
- the lattice constant of ANBC16 shown in the present embodiment is about 6 nm. Therefore, the smectic D phase is optically isotropic.
- the dielectric material layer 3 composed of the ANBC16 force in the above-mentioned temperature region where the ANBC16 exhibits a smectic D phase
- the molecule itself has dielectric anisotropy, and thus the molecule has an electric field. Distortion occurs in the lattice structure when going in the direction. That is, the dielectric material layer 3 exhibits optical anisotropy.
- ANBC16 can be applied as a medium for sealing the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- the degree of optical anisotropy changes between when an electric field is applied and when no electric field is applied, as long as the substance exhibits a smectic D phase, not limited to ANBC16. It can be applied as a medium to perform.
- a liquid crystal microemulsion can be applied as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- the liquid crystal microemulsion is a ⁇ / W type microemulsion (namely, a system in which water is dissolved in oil in the form of water droplets with a surfactant, named by Yamamoto et al. Is a generic term for a system (mixed system) in which oil molecules of the following formula are replaced by thermopick liquid crystal molecules (Jun Yamamoto, “Liquid Crystal Microemulsion”, Liquid Crystal, Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 248-254) , 2000).
- liquid crystal microemulsion examples include, for example, Pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB), which is described in the above-mentioned “Liquid crystal microemulsion", is a thermopic picked liquid crystal (temperature transition type liquid crystal) showing a nematic liquid crystal phase, There is a mixed system with an aqueous solution of Didodecyl ammonium bromide (DDAB), which is a lyotropic liquid crystal (concentration transition ⁇ liquid crystal, lyotropic liquid crystal) showing a reverse micelle phase.
- DDAB Didodecyl ammonium bromide
- This mixed system has a structure represented by a schematic diagram as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
- the diameter of the reverse micelle is typically about 50A, and the distance between the reverse micelles is about S200A. These scales are one order of magnitude smaller than the optical wavelength. That is, the above mixed system (liquid crystal microemulsion) has an alignment order (ordered structure) smaller than the optical wavelength.
- the above mixed system liquid crystal microemulsion
- 5CB is radially oriented around each reverse micelle. Therefore, the above mixed system is optically isotropic.
- a lyotropic liquid crystal having a specific phase As a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device, a lyotropic liquid crystal having a specific phase (a lyotropic liquid crystal) can be applied.
- the lyotropic liquid crystal generally means a liquid crystal of a different component in which main molecules forming the liquid crystal are dissolved in a solvent having another property (such as water or an organic solvent).
- the specific phase is a phase in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes between when an electric field is applied and when no electric field is applied. Examples of such a specific phase include, for example, Jun Yamamoto, "Liquid Crystal Science Laboratory Lecture 1: Identification of Liquid Crystal Phase: (4) Liquid Crystal with Liquid Crystal", Liquid Crystal, Vol. 6, No. 1, p. 72 There are micelle phase, sponge phase, cubic phase and reverse micelle phase described in -82.
- Figure 13 shows a classification diagram of the lyotropic liquid crystal phase.
- Surfactants that are amphiphilic substances include substances that exhibit a micellar phase.
- an aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate or an aqueous solution of potassium palmitate, which is an ionic surfactant forms spherical micelles.
- a nonionic surfactant In a mixture of water and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, a nonionic surfactant, micelles are formed by the noel phenyl group acting as a hydrophobic group and the oxyethylene chain acting as a hydrophilic group.
- micelles are formed by an aqueous solution of a styrene-ethylene oxide block copolymer.
- a spherical micelle shows a spherical shape by packing molecules in all spatial directions (forming a molecular assembly).
- the size of the spherical micelle is smaller than the optical wavelength, it does not show optical anisotropy in the optical wavelength region and looks isotropic. That is, the spherical micelle has an ordered structure (orientational order) smaller than the optical wavelength.
- the spherical micelles will be distorted and exhibit optical anisotropy.
- a lyotropic liquid crystal exhibiting a spherical micellar phase can be applied as a medium to be enclosed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- the lyotropic liquid crystal exhibiting not only the spherical micelle phase but also other shapes of micelle phases, i.e., a string-like micelle phase, an elliptic micelle phase, a rod-like micelle phase, etc. is substantially encapsulated in the dielectric material layer 3. Similar effects can be obtained.
- reverse micelles in which hydrophilic groups and hydrophobic groups are interchanged are formed. Such reverse micelles have the same optical effect as micelles.
- the liquid crystal microemission described in the medium example 2 is an example of a lyotropic liquid crystal exhibiting a reversed micelle phase (reverse micelle structure).
- a concentration and temperature region that indicates a liquid phase or a cubic phase.
- Such a sponge phase and a cubic phase have an order (ordered structure, orientational order) smaller than the optical wavelength, and are transparent in the optical wavelength range. That is, a medium composed of these phases optically shows isotropic properties.
- a lyotropic liquid crystal exhibiting a sponge phase or a cubic phase can also be applied as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- the medium to be enclosed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device has a degree of optical anisotropy between when an electric field is applied and when no electric field is applied, such as a micelle phase, a sponge phase, a cubic phase, and a reverse micelle phase.
- a liquid crystal fine particle dispersion system showing a phase in which the phase changes is applicable.
- the liquid crystal fine particle dispersion system is a mixed system in which fine particles are mixed in a solvent (liquid crystal).
- liquid crystal fine particle dispersion system examples include, for example, water of a nonionic surfactant pentaethylene glycolone dodecyl ether (Pentaethylenglycho dodecylether, CE).
- a nonionic surfactant pentaethylene glycolone dodecyl ether Pentaethylenglycho dodecylether, CE.
- liquid crystal fine particle dispersion system in which latex particles of about 100A in diameter whose surface is modified with a sulfate group are mixed in a 125 solution.
- a sponge phase is developed.
- the orientational order (ordered structure) of this sponge phase is below the optical wavelength. Therefore, similarly to the case of the above-mentioned medium example 3, the above liquid crystal fine particle dispersion system can be applied as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric substance layer 3 of the present display device.
- the latex particles were used for the DDA in the liquid crystal microemulsion of Medium Example 2. By substituting with B, it is possible to obtain an alignment structure similar to that of the liquid crystal microemulsion of Medium Example 2.
- the fine particles to be dispersed in the solvent are preferably composed of one kind or two or more kinds.
- fine particles having an average particle size of 0.2 am or less it is preferable to use fine particles having an average particle size of 0.2 am or less.
- fine particles having a small average size of 0.2 zm or less the dispersibility of the fine particles in the dielectric material layer 3 is stabilized, and the fine particles aggregate or the phase is separated even after a long time. I'm sorry. Therefore, for example, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the occurrence of unevenness as a display element due to, for example, the occurrence of local unevenness of the fine particles due to precipitation of the fine particles.
- the distance between the particles is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 190 nm or less.
- d is the distance between particles.
- the force S be set to ⁇ 400 nm, in which case the distance d between the particles should be 200 nm or less.
- the International Commission on Illumination CIE Commission Internationale de 1, Eclairage
- the wavelength that cannot be recognized by the human eye is 380 nm or less.
- the interparticle distance d may be set to 190 nm or less.
- the distance between the particles is long, the interaction between the particles does not work sufficiently, and a phase such as a micelle phase, a sponge phase, a cubic phase, or a reverse micelle phase appears.
- the distance between particles is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 190 nm or less.
- the concentration (content) of the fine particles in the dielectric material layer 3 is set to 0.05 wt% and 20wt% with respect to the total weight of the fine particles and the medium sealed in the dielectric material layer 3. Prefer That's right. By adjusting the concentration of the fine particles in the dielectric material layer 3 to be 0.05 wt% to 20 wt%, aggregation of the fine particles can be suppressed.
- the fine particles encapsulated in the dielectric substance layer 3 are not particularly limited, and may be transparent or opaque. Further, the fine particles may be organic fine particles such as a polymer, or may be inorganic fine particles or metal-based fine particles.
- organic fine particles when organic fine particles are used, for example, it is preferable to use fine particles in the form of polymer beads such as polystyrene beads, polymethyl methacrylate beads, polyhydroxy acrylate beads, and dibutylbenzene beads. These fine particles may be crosslinked or not.
- inorganic fine particles for example, fine particles such as glass beads and silica beads are preferably used.
- metal-based fine particles alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and rare earth metals are preferable.
- titania, alumina, palladium, silver, gold, and copper are preferred, and fine particles made of these metals or oxides of these metal elements are preferably used.
- These metal-based fine particles may be used with only one kind of metal, or may be formed by alloying and compounding two or more kinds of metals.
- the silver particles may be covered with titania or palladium. If metal particles are composed of only silver particles, the characteristics of the display element may change due to oxidation of silver. However, by covering the surface with a metal such as palladium, silver oxidation can be prevented.
- the metal-based fine particles in the form of beads may be used as they are, or may be subjected to a heat treatment, or may be those obtained by adding an organic substance to the bead surface.
- the organic substance to be imparted those exhibiting liquid crystallinity are preferable.
- a compound having the following structural formula (5) is preferable.
- n is an integer from 0-2.
- 6-membered ring A is preferably any of the following functional groups [Formula 6]
- the 6-membered rings B and C have a 6-membered ring structure such as a 1,4-phenylene group or a 1,4_transcyclohexyl group (trans-1,4_cyclohexylene group). Shows a substituent.
- the 6-membered rings B and C are not limited to the substituents exemplified above, but have the following structure
- n represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- Yl, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 in the above structural formula (5) are each a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, and in this group, One existing CH group or non-adjacent CH group, two CH groups are _ ⁇ ⁇ , —S—,-
- Yl, # 2, and # 3 may be the same or different as long as they have any of the structures described above.
- R in the above structural formula (5) represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, an anolequinolene group having 120 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or an alkoxyl group.
- the ratio of the organic substance provided on the surface of the metal fine particles is preferably 1 mol or more and 50 mol or less per 1 mol of the metal.
- the metal-based fine particles provided with the organic substance are obtained, for example, by dissolving or dispersing a metal ion in a solvent, then mixing with the organic substance, and reducing the same.
- Water, alcohols, and ethers can be used as the solvent.
- fullerene As the fine particles to be dispersed, those formed of fullerene and / or carbon nanotubes may be used.
- the fullerene one having carbon atoms arranged in a spherical shell shape is preferable, and for example, a stable structure having 24 to 96 carbon atoms ⁇ is preferable.
- Examples of such fullerenes include a C60 spherical closed shell carbon molecule group composed of 60 carbon atoms.
- the carbon nanotube for example, a cylindrical nanotube in which a graphite-like carbon atom surface having a thickness of several atomic layers is rounded is preferable.
- the shape of the fine particles is not particularly limited, for example, a spherical shape, an elliptical shape, a block shape, a columnar shape, a conical shape, a shape having projections in these shapes, and a hole in these shapes. It may be in any form. Also, the surface morphology of the fine particles is particularly limited. For example, it may have unevenness, holes and grooves that may be smooth.
- a dendrimer (dendrimer molecule) can be used as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- the dendrimer is a three-dimensional hyperbranched polymer having a branch for each monomer unit.
- the dendrimer Since the dendrimer has many branches, it has a spherical structure when the molecular weight exceeds a certain level. Since this spherical structure has an order smaller than the optical wavelength (ordered structure, orientational order), it is a transparent material in the optical wavelength range, and the orientational order changes due to the application of an electric field to develop optical anisotropy. (The degree of optical anisotropy changes). Therefore, the dendrimer can be applied as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic structure of the cholesteric blue phase.
- the cholesteric blue phase has a highly symmetric structure.
- the cholesteric blue phase has an order (ordered structure, orientational order) smaller than the optical wavelength, and thus is a substantially transparent substance in the optical wavelength range.
- the degree of optical anisotropy changes).
- the cholesteric blue phase is generally optically isotropic, and the lattice is distorted because the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the direction of the electric field by the application of the electric field, and anisotropy is developed. Therefore, a medium composed of molecules exhibiting a cholesteric blue phase can be applied as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- Examples of the substance exhibiting a cholesteric blue phase include 48.2 mol% of JC1041 (mixed liquid crystal, manufactured by Chisso Corporation) and 5CB (4-cyano-4'-pentyl biphenyl, nematic liquid crystal). 4mol%, ZLI-4572 (Chiraldo Panto, Merck) is available as a mixture of 4.4mol%. This material exhibits a cholesteric blue phase in the temperature range of 330.7K force and 331.8K.
- ZLI-2293 mixed liquid crystal, manufactured by Menorek Co., Ltd.
- P8PIMB 1,3-phenylene
- the mixing ratio of each of the above substances may be appropriately changed and used.
- ZLI-2293 at 69.7 wt%, P8PIMB at 15 wt%, and MLC_6248 (15.3 wt% of chiral compound show a cholesteric blue phase in the temperature range of 81.6 ° C from 80.8 ° C) .
- cholesteric blue phase for example, ZLI-2293 (mixed liquid crystal, manufactured by Menorek Co., Ltd.) is used in an amount of 67.lwt%, MHPOBC (
- the mixing ratio of each of the above substances may be appropriately changed and used.
- a substance obtained by mixing 69.7 wt%, MHPOBC at 15 wt%, and MLC_6248 (chiral agent) at 15.3 wt% shows a cholesteric blue phase in the temperature range from 87.8 ° C to 88.4 ° C.
- a force S that could not produce a cholesteric blue phase by simply mixing ZLI-2293 and MLC-6248 was not obtained.
- a banana-shaped (bent) liquid crystal P8PIMB or a linear liquid crystal MHPOBC was used. The addition showed a cholesteric blue phase.
- a racemic body was used as the linear liquid crystal, but a chiral body that is not necessarily limited to the racemic body may be used. It may contain one or more chiral carbons.
- a linear liquid crystal it is preferable to use a liquid crystal having an anti-tilt structure (each layer is oriented in a different direction), such as a linear liquid crystal MHPOBC.
- linear liquid crystal is a generic term used to represent liquid crystal molecules that are almost horizontally long in a chemical structural formula, and the actual configuration is in one plane as in the chemical structural formula. Needless to say, it may be bent.
- the banana-type (bent type) liquid crystal is a general term used to represent a liquid crystal molecule having a bent part in a chemical structural formula, and is not limited to P8PIMB.
- the bending portion force in the chemical structural formula may be a benzene ring such as a phenylene group, or may be a bond formed by a naphthalene ring / methylene chain.
- Examples of such a banana-type (bent-type) liquid crystal include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (8) and (11). [0191] [Formula 10]
- banana-type (bent-type) liquid crystal containing an azo group may be used.
- banana-type (bent-type) liquid crystal include a compound represented by the following structural formula (12). [0196] [Formula 14]
- banana-type (bent type) liquid crystals has a symmetrical chemical structure on the left and right sides of the joint (bent part).
- the present invention is not limited to this. It may have a structure.
- banana-type (bent-type) liquid crystal include a compound represented by the following structural formula (13).
- each of the above-mentioned banana-type (bent-type) liquid crystal molecules does not contain chiral carbon, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and may contain one or more chiral carbons.
- examples of such a banana-type (bent-type) liquid crystal include a compound represented by the following structural formula (14).
- the cholesteric blue phase suitable for the present invention has a defect order smaller than the optical wavelength, so that it is substantially transparent in the optical wavelength region and is generally optically isotropic.
- the term “optically isotropic” means that the cholesteric blue phase exhibits a color that reflects the helical pitch of the liquid crystal. Means to show.
- the phenomenon of selectively reflecting light having a wavelength reflecting the helical pitch is called selective reflection.
- the wavelength range of the selective reflection is not in the visible range, the color is not displayed. (The color is not recognized by the human eye.)
- the wavelength range is in the visible range, the color corresponds to the wavelength.
- the cholesteric blue phase (blue phase) exhibits a color reflecting the helical pitch. That is, since the visible light is reflected, the color presented thereby is recognized by the human eye. Therefore, for example, when a display device of the present invention realizes full-color display and is applied to a television or the like, it is not preferable that the reflection peak is in the visible region.
- the selective reflection wavelength also depends on the angle of incidence on the helical axis of the medium. Therefore, when the structure of the medium is not one-dimensional, that is, when the medium has a three-dimensional structure such as a cholesteric blue phase, the incident angle of light to the helical axis has a distribution. Therefore, a distribution can be formed in the width of the selective reflection wavelength.
- the selective reflection wavelength range or the helical pitch of the blue phase is preferably equal to or less than the visible range, that is, equal to or less than 40 Onm. If the selective reflection wavelength range or the helical pitch of the blue phase is 40 Onm or less, the above-described coloration is hardly recognized by human eyes.
- the International Commission on Illumination CIE Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage stipulates that the wavelength that cannot be recognized by the human eye is 380 nm or less. Therefore, it is more preferable that the selective reflection wavelength range or the helical pitch of the single phase is 380 nm or less. In this case, it is possible to reliably prevent the above coloration from being recognized by human eyes.
- the coloration as described above is also related to the average refractive index of the dielectric medium that can be determined only by the helical pitch and the incident angle.
- ⁇ is the average refractive index
- ⁇ is the helical pitch
- ⁇ is the anisotropy of the refractive index.
- ⁇ varies depending on the dielectric substance.
- the average refractive index of the liquid crystal substance is about 1.5
- n is about 0.1
- the spiral pitch P 400 / 1.5.
- JC1041 mixed liquid crystal, manufactured by Chisso
- 5CB 4_cyano_4, -pentyl biphenyl, nematic liquid crystal
- ZLI-4572 Chirald Punt, manufactured by Merck
- the cholesteric blue phase suitable for the present invention has a defect order smaller than the optical wavelength. Since the defect structure is due to the large twist of adjacent molecules, the dielectric medium showing a cholesteric blue phase needs to show chirality in order to develop a large twist structure. In order to develop a large twist structure, it is preferable to add a chiral agent to the dielectric medium.
- the concentration of the chiral agent is preferably 8 wt% or 4 mol% or more due to the torsional force of the chiral agent.
- the temperature range of the cholesteric blue phase became about 1 ° C or more by setting the ratio of the chiral agent to 8 wt% or 4 mol% or more. When the proportion of the chiral agent was less than 8 wt% or 4 mol%, the temperature range of the cholesteric blue phase was narrowed.
- the concentration of the chiral agent is 11.5 wt% or more.
- the concentration of the chiral agent is 11.5 wt.
- the helical pitch was about 220 nm, and no color was formed.
- the concentration of the chiral agent is more preferably 15 wt% or more.
- the upper limit of the concentration of the chiral agent to be added is determined. According to the analysis by the present inventors, the upper limit was found to be 80 wt%. That is, the concentration of the chiral agent is preferably 80 wt% or less.
- the chiral agent is not limited to 1S using ZLI-4572 or MLC-6248.
- a commercially available product such as S811 (manufactured by E. Merck) may be used.
- an axially asymmetric chiral agent may be used.
- an axially chiral agent for example, an axially asymmetric binaphthyl derivative (see the following compound (15)) can be used.
- n is an integer from 4 to 14 c [0218]
- this compound (15) alone shows a blue phase when n is an odd number.
- a smectic blue (BP) phase As a medium to be enclosed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the display device, a smectic blue (BP) phase
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic structure of the smectic blue phase.
- the smectic blue phase has a highly symmetric structure, like the cholesteric blue phase.
- it since it has an order (ordered structure, orientational order) smaller than the optical wavelength, it is almost transparent in the optical wavelength region, and the orientational order changes by application of an electric field, and optical anisotropy appears.
- the degree of optical anisotropy changes In other words, the smectic blue phase is almost optically isotropic, and the lattice is distorted because the liquid crystal molecules are directed in the direction of the electric field by the application of an electric field, and the anisotropy is developed. Therefore, a medium composed of molecules exhibiting a smectic blue phase can be applied as a medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device.
- Examples of substances exhibiting a smectic blue phase include, for example, Eric Grelet and three others, "Structural Investigations on Smectic Blue Phases" 'PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, The American Physical Society, 23 APRIL 2001, VOLUME 86, NUMBER
- the cholesteric blue phase is As in the case of using the indicated medium, the selective reflection wavelength range or the helical pitch of the blue phase is preferably 400 nm or less, more preferably 380 nm or less. Further, the spiral pitch is preferably 253 nm or less, more preferably 240 nm or less.
- the medium used for the dielectric substance 3 of the present display element is a medium that has an orientational order (ordered structure) smaller than the optical wavelength and changes the degree of optical anisotropy when an electric field is applied. Then, a substance having a phase similar to the smectic blue phase ⁇ cholesteric blue phase may be used.
- Examples of the substance exhibiting a phase similar to the smectic blue phase ⁇ cholesteric blue phase include a mixture of the following compounds (16) and (17).
- the refractive index anisotropy at 550 nm is ⁇
- the dielectric anisotropy at 1 kHz is ⁇ .
- the refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ ⁇ ) is a refractive index (an extraordinary light refractive index) in a principal axis direction of an ellipse (refractive index ellipsoid) when an electric field is applied (that is, a polarization component direction of a light wave).
- ne be ne
- the dielectric anisotropy (dielectric constant change) ( ⁇ ) indicates the anisotropy of the dielectric constant.
- the dielectric constant in the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is ⁇ e
- the dielectric constant in the minor axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is Assuming that the permittivity is ⁇ , ⁇ is a value represented by ⁇ e_ ⁇ o.
- the above compound (1) was used as the solvent.
- ⁇ of this dielectric substance liquid crystal fine particle dispersion
- the thickness of the dielectric material layer 3 was 10 ⁇ m, and the inter-electrode distance between the comb-shaped electrodes 4 and 5 was 3.3 ⁇ .
- the refractive index anisotropy ⁇ was measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an Abbe refractometer (“4 ⁇ (trade name)” manufactured by Atago).
- the dielectric anisotropy ⁇ was measured at a frequency of 1 kHz using an impedance analyzer (“SI1260 (trade name)” manufactured by Toyotechniki).
- the drive voltage at which the transmittance was maximized was about 28 V (see FIG. 24).
- the transmittance ⁇ changes as the following equation due to the change in birefringence.
- the drive voltage V at which the transmittance becomes maximum is given by the distance S between the interdigital electrodes 4.5.
- FIG. 24 shows the relationship between the voltage value (V (V)) at which is maximized and ⁇ .
- the product of the dielectric anisotropy ⁇ and the dielectric anisotropy ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is 2.9 or more, and the thickness of the dielectric material layer 3 is Is 10 ⁇ , and the interelectrode distance between the comb-shaped electrodes 4 and 5 is 3.3 ⁇ , the driving voltage at which the transmittance becomes the maximum is 24V.
- a switching element that switches ON / OFF of a voltage (electric field) applied to the comb electrodes 4.5 is used.
- the refractive index anisotropy ⁇ and the dielectric anisotropy ⁇ By using a dielectric material whose product ( ⁇ ) is 2.9 or more, it is possible to reduce the The excess rate can be maximized.
- Examples of the dielectric substance having ⁇ of 2.9 or more include compound (18).
- R represents an alkyl group.
- the force S that can be considered to reduce the interval between the comb-tooth electrodes, the manufacturing accuracy Due to the limitations of process margin, process cost, etc., there is a limit force s in reducing the interval between the comb-teeth electrodes.
- the thickness of the dielectric material layer 3 in order to further reduce the driving voltage.
- the thickness to which an electric field is applied does not necessarily increase by the increase in the thickness of the dielectric material layer. Therefore, even if the thickness of the dielectric material layer 3 is further increased from 10 zm, it is not effective in reducing the driving voltage.
- the medium sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 was a transparent dielectric material of 4′-n-alkoxy-3′-nitrobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acids (ANBC-22).
- ANBC-22 4′-n-alkoxy-3′-nitrobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acids
- the electrodes 4 and 5 were transparent electrodes made of ITO.
- the rabbi An alignment film made of polyimide subjected to a coating process was formed.
- the rubbing direction applied to both alignment films is desirably a direction in which the smectic C phase is in a bright state, and typically forms an angle of 45 degrees with the absorption axis directions of the polarizing plates 6.7. Is desirable.
- the alignment film on the substrate 1 side was formed so as to cover the electrodes 4 and 5.
- the polarizing plates 6 and 7 have their absorption axes orthogonal to each other, and the absorption axes of the respective polarizing plates and the electrodes 4 and 5
- the combs were provided on the outside of the substrates 1 and 2 (opposite the facing surface) so that the direction in which the electrode extended from the comb teeth formed an angle of about 45 degrees.
- the medium exhibits a smectic C phase at a temperature lower than the smectic C phase-cubic phase transition temperature.
- the smectic C phase shows optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied.
- the temperature of the dielectric material layer 3 is maintained at a temperature near the phase transition between the smectic C phase and the cubic phase (up to about 10 K on the low side of the phase transition temperature) by a heating device, and an electric field is applied (at a voltage of about 50 V).
- an electric field greater than 0 to several hundred kHz
- the transmittance could be changed.
- an electric field to the smectic C phase (bright state) that shows optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied, the force S was able to change to the isotropic cubic phase (dark state).
- the above display device exhibits optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied, and exhibits optical isotropy when an electric field is applied.
- the refractive index ellipsoid changes from an ellipse (when no electric field is applied) to a spherical shape (when an electric field is applied).
- the medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3 of the present display device has optical anisotropy when no electric field is applied, and loses optical anisotropy when an electric field is applied so that the optical anisotropy disappears. Good display was achieved even when a medium exhibiting anisotropy was used.
- the angle formed between the absorption axis of each polarizing plate 6.7 and the comb-shaped electrodes 4 and 5 was not limited to 45 degrees, and display was possible at any angle of 90 degrees. This can be achieved only by the relationship between the rubbing direction and the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, because the display in the bright state is realized when no electric field is applied. This is because, since it is realized by the electric field induced phase transition to the phase, the polarizer absorption axis direction and the comb-shaped electrode direction do not depend on the polarizer absorption axis direction as long as the respective polarization plate absorption axes are orthogonal to each other. Also, alignment treatment is not always necessary The display could be performed even in a moderately amorphous alignment state (random alignment state).
- the medium used in the display element of the present invention may be a medium used in a conventional liquid crystal display element, or the degree of optical anisotropy may be increased by applying an electric field (external field). May change.
- a medium in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes for example, when an electric field (external field) is applied, the order structure (orientation order) changes, and the degree of optical anisotropy changes.
- a medium may be used which has an ordered structure equal to or less than the optical wavelength when an electric field (external field) is applied or not applied, and in which the degree of optical anisotropy changes by changing the ordered structure by applying an electric field.
- a medium having an ordered structure exhibiting optical anisotropy when no electric field (external field) is applied, and the degree of optical anisotropy being changed by changing the ordered structure by applying an electric field may be used.
- the viscosity inherent in the liquid crystal is large in response speed as in a conventional liquid crystal display element using the change in the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules. Since there is no influence, high-speed response can be realized as compared with the conventional liquid crystal display device.
- the medium exhibits a predetermined ordered structure when an external field is applied or when no external field is applied (a state in which the ordered structure is distorted by the application of an external field, and the degree of optical anisotropy changes). Therefore, it is only necessary to keep the temperature at which the temperature is controlled so that temperature control can be facilitated. For example, as described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- the driving temperature range is limited. There is a problem that the temperature is limited to a temperature near the phase transition point of the liquid crystal phase, and extremely precise temperature control is required.
- the medium only needs to be maintained at a temperature at which the medium exhibits a predetermined ordered structure when an external field is applied or when no external field is applied, thereby facilitating temperature control. Can be.
- the medium when the above-mentioned BABH8 is used as the above-mentioned medium, the medium is subjected to an optical anisotropy by applying an electric field (external field) in a temperature range of 24.3K (136.7 ° C-161 ° C). Can be kept in a varying state.
- the above-mentioned ANBC 16 is used as the above-mentioned medium, in the temperature range of 26.2K (171.0 ° C 197.2 ° C), the above-mentioned medium is subjected to an electric anisotropy by applying an electric field (external field). It can be kept in a varying degree.
- the upper limit of the temperature range in which the medium exhibits a predetermined ordered structure when an external field is applied or when no external field is applied is not particularly limited, and the upper limit of the temperature range is wider than each of the above-described media.
- a medium having an ordered structure may be used.
- the lower limit of the temperature range in which the medium exhibits a predetermined ordered structure when an external field is applied or when no external field is applied is more preferably 0.1 K or more, and more preferably 1 K or more.
- the display device according to the present embodiment has a cross-sectional structure substantially similar to that of the display element 10 shown in FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 2 (b), and FIG. However, the circuit configuration connected to the electrodes 4 and 5, that is, the configuration of the switching elements TFT1'TFT2, the signal lines, and the scanning lines is different.
- the display device according to the first embodiment is different from the display device according to the first embodiment in that the electrodes 4 and 5 are connected to other wirings via different switching elements TFT1 and TFT2. Is the same as Further, the same medium as in the first embodiment can be used as the medium to be sealed in the dielectric material layer 3.
- FIG. 14 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration in the display device according to the present embodiment.
- the electrodes 4 and 5 constitute the element capacitance Cp.
- the electrode 4 is connected to the signal line S via the switching element TFT1
- the electrode 5 is connected to the counter electrode line C via the switching element TFT2. That is, in the display device according to the present embodiment, the electrodes 4 and 5 are connected to the signal line S and the counter electrode line C via different switching elements TFT1 and TFT2, respectively.
- an electric field is generated in the dielectric material layer 3 by applying a voltage to the signal line S and the counter electrode line C to perform display. Note that the voltages applied to the signal lines S and the counter electrode lines C are the same as those of the above-described conventional liquid crystal display device, and thus description thereof is omitted here.
- the display device by turning on the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2, a signal is written between both electrodes of the element capacitance Cp (display element). Yes.
- the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2 are off, the potential difference between the electrodes 4 and 5 of the element capacitor Cp is kept constant even if the potential of the counter electrode line C fluctuates. That is, even when the electrodes connected to other scanning lines (not shown) are written with the opposite polarity, the potential difference between the electrodes 4.5 in the element capacitance Cp is kept constant.
- the voltage applied to the scanning line G can be reduced, and the power S for improving the durability of the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2 can be obtained. Further, for example, even when the voltage applied to the signal line S is increased in order to increase the drive voltage, it is possible to suppress the reduction in the durability of the switching elements TFT1 and TFT2.
- the display device unlike the display device according to the first embodiment, it is not necessary to provide two signal lines for all display elements (all pixels). Therefore, the number of required signal lines is reduced as compared with the first embodiment, so that the structure can be simplified and the non-defective rate at the time of manufacturing can be improved.
- the display device according to the present embodiment may further include an auxiliary capacitor.
- an auxiliary capacitance may be connected so as to be parallel to the element capacitance Cp (electrodes 4 and 5).
- an auxiliary capacitance Csl connected to one electrode to the electrode 4, an auxiliary capacitance Cs2 connected to one electrode to the electrode 5, and an auxiliary capacitance wiring connected to the other electrodes of the auxiliary capacitances Csl and Cs2.
- electrodes 4 and 5 may be provided on each of substrates 1 and 2.
- the counter electrode 5 in the configuration of FIG. 14 may be provided on the substrate 2 side.
- FIG. 22 is an equivalent circuit diagram in this case. In the example shown in this figure, when the counter electrode 5 is provided on the substrate 2, the switching element TFT 2 and the scanning line Gc are provided on the substrate 2.
- FIG. 23 (a) —FIG. 23 (c) is a schematic wiring diagram in this case. That is, FIG. 23A is a schematic wiring diagram on the substrate 1 side, which is the substrate on which the signal line (signal wiring) S is provided.
- FIG. 23B is a schematic wiring diagram of the substrate 2 on the side where the counter electrode line (counter electrode wiring) C is provided.
- FIG. 23C is a schematic wiring diagram showing the positional relationship between the signal electrode 4 and the counter electrode 5 when viewed from the substrate 1 side.
- the substrate 1 side is equivalent to, for example, a conventional TN type substrate (conventional TFT substrate).
- counter electrodes 5 are individually provided on the substrate 2 side in correspondence with the electrodes (pixel electrodes) 4 on the substrate 1 side.
- the counter electrode 5 is connected to the same counter electrode line C for each pixel via the switching element TFT2.
- the gate electrode of the switching element TFT2 is connected to the scanning line Gc.
- the switching element TFT2 provided on the substrate 2 is connected to the common counter electrode line C for each pixel. Therefore, in the substrate 2, it is not necessary to separately wire the signal line to the switching element TFT2 provided in each pixel. Therefore, it is possible to improve the non-defective rate. Also, there is no need to connect a source driver to the board 2.
- the display device of the present invention includes an image display device such as a television or a monitor, a word processor or a personal computer.
- the present invention can be widely applied to OA equipment such as a personal computer, or an image display device provided in an information terminal such as a video camera, a digital camera, and a mobile phone. Further, since this display device has a high-speed response, it can be applied to, for example, a field sequential color display device.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005516368A JPWO2005059637A1 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-17 | 表示装置 |
US10/582,998 US7768589B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-17 | Display device |
US12/588,343 US8026992B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2009-10-13 | Display device |
US12/801,569 US8330890B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2010-06-15 | Display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-420967 | 2003-12-18 | ||
JP2003420967 | 2003-12-18 |
Related Child Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/582,998 A-371-Of-International US7768589B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-17 | Display device |
US12/588,343 Division US8026992B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2009-10-13 | Display device |
US12/801,569 Division US8330890B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2010-06-15 | Display device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005059637A1 true WO2005059637A1 (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
Family
ID=34697266
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/018930 WO2005059637A1 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-17 | 表示装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US7768589B2 (ja) |
JP (2) | JPWO2005059637A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI251110B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005059637A1 (ja) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006189758A (ja) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-20 | Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2008003546A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-10 | Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd | 液晶パネル、液晶表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
JP2008250118A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液晶装置、液晶装置の駆動回路、液晶装置の駆動方法および電子機器 |
JP2009098374A (ja) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-05-07 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2009145865A (ja) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
JP2010191426A (ja) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-09-02 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | アレイ基板 |
CN1971349B (zh) * | 2005-11-22 | 2011-04-13 | 三星电子株式会社 | 显示装置 |
CN102096241A (zh) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | 乐金显示有限公司 | 蓝相模式液晶显示器件及其制造方法 |
US8120746B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2012-02-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display panel and display device having medium whose optical anisotropy magnitude changes according to electric field |
JPWO2010137217A1 (ja) * | 2009-05-29 | 2012-11-12 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
CN103682114A (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-26 | 株式会社东芝 | 有机电致发光器件 |
US8928645B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2015-01-06 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
CN105527738A (zh) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-04-27 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 阵列基板、数据驱动电路、数据驱动方法和显示装置 |
Families Citing this family (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2005059637A1 (ja) * | 2003-12-18 | 2007-12-13 | シャープ株式会社 | 表示装置 |
JP4260752B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-15 | 2009-04-30 | シャープ株式会社 | 表示素子および表示装置 |
WO2005069064A1 (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display apparatus and display element |
JP4142019B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-20 | 2008-08-27 | シャープ株式会社 | 表示素子および表示装置 |
WO2006132361A1 (ja) | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-14 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | 表示素子および表示装置 |
US8111358B2 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2012-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispay panel and display apparatus |
JP4466596B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2010-05-26 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 配向転移方法 |
US7767253B2 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2010-08-03 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Method of making a photovoltaic device with antireflective coating |
TWI383227B (zh) * | 2007-05-07 | 2013-01-21 | Chimei Innolux Corp | 液晶顯示面板及其畫素結構 |
JP2009042759A (ja) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-26 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
KR101479996B1 (ko) | 2008-02-21 | 2015-01-08 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 제조 방법 |
JP2010060857A (ja) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-18 | Hitachi Displays Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US20100225569A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-09-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display, manufacturing method the same, and driving method thereof |
KR101641538B1 (ko) * | 2008-12-24 | 2016-07-22 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 패널 |
US8830411B2 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2014-09-09 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Array substrate and method of manufacturing the same |
US8169559B2 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2012-05-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Array substrate and method of manufacturing the same |
EP2241932A1 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Array substrate and method of manufacturing the same |
KR101607702B1 (ko) | 2009-05-29 | 2016-03-31 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 |
CN102707511A (zh) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-10-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 蓝相液晶显示装置及其制造方法 |
US9116408B2 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2015-08-25 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal element and method for manufacturing the same |
US8877302B2 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-11-04 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal composition, liquid crystal element, and liquid crystal display device |
GB201201190D0 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2012-03-07 | Cambridge Entpr Ltd | Optical device and methods |
CN102789101A (zh) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种蓝相液晶面板和显示装置 |
JP5906321B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-04-20 | シャープ株式会社 | 光学装置およびそれを備えた表示装置 |
CN102937765B (zh) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-02-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 像素单元、阵列基板、液晶显示面板、装置及驱动方法 |
WO2014097998A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
TWI556218B (zh) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-11-01 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | 畫素及其驅動方法 |
US10031364B2 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2018-07-24 | Kent State University | Polymer-dispersed blue-phase liquid crystal films |
TWI514364B (zh) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-12-21 | Au Optronics Corp | 液晶顯示面板之液晶畫素電路及其驅動方法 |
GB2531552B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2017-12-27 | Polatis Ltd | Crosstalk reduction technique for multi-channel driver circuits |
JP6548015B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2019-07-24 | Tianma Japan株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
KR102227240B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 나노캡슐 액정층 및 이를 구비한 액정표시장치 |
GB201620744D0 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2017-01-18 | Roadmap Systems Ltd | Multimode fibre optical switching systems |
US11126055B2 (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2021-09-21 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Switching of liquid crystal device |
US10930234B1 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-02-23 | A.U. Vista, Inc. | Gray scale liquid crystal display panel with multiplexed analog gray levels |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02242228A (ja) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-26 | Fujitsu Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH11183937A (ja) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-07-09 | Toshiba Corp | 液晶光学スイッチ素子、カラーシャッターおよびカラー画像表示装置 |
JPH11271788A (ja) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-10-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2000338462A (ja) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2001133808A (ja) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-18 | Fujitsu Ltd | 液晶表示装置およびその駆動方法 |
JP2001249363A (ja) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
JP2003091014A (ja) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示パネル,液晶表示装置、及び液晶テレビ |
JP2003131636A (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-09 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07104246A (ja) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-04-21 | Sony Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
ATE350684T1 (de) | 2002-11-15 | 2007-01-15 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Elektrooptisches lichtsteuerelement, elektrooptische anzeige und steuermedium |
JPWO2005059637A1 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2007-12-13 | シャープ株式会社 | 表示装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-12-17 JP JP2005516368A patent/JPWO2005059637A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-12-17 TW TW093139521A patent/TWI251110B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-17 WO PCT/JP2004/018930 patent/WO2005059637A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-12-17 US US10/582,998 patent/US7768589B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-10-13 US US12/588,343 patent/US8026992B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-06-15 US US12/801,569 patent/US8330890B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-16 JP JP2010137489A patent/JP5174857B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02242228A (ja) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-26 | Fujitsu Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH11183937A (ja) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-07-09 | Toshiba Corp | 液晶光学スイッチ素子、カラーシャッターおよびカラー画像表示装置 |
JPH11271788A (ja) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-10-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2000338462A (ja) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2001133808A (ja) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-18 | Fujitsu Ltd | 液晶表示装置およびその駆動方法 |
JP2001249363A (ja) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
JP2003091014A (ja) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示パネル,液晶表示装置、及び液晶テレビ |
JP2003131636A (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-09 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006189758A (ja) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-20 | Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US8120746B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2012-02-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display panel and display device having medium whose optical anisotropy magnitude changes according to electric field |
CN101825794B (zh) * | 2005-11-22 | 2013-11-06 | 三星显示有限公司 | 显示装置 |
CN1971349B (zh) * | 2005-11-22 | 2011-04-13 | 三星电子株式会社 | 显示装置 |
JP2008003546A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-10 | Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd | 液晶パネル、液晶表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
JP2008250118A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液晶装置、液晶装置の駆動回路、液晶装置の駆動方法および電子機器 |
JP2009098374A (ja) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-05-07 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP4662494B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-03-30 | 東芝モバイルディスプレイ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2009145865A (ja) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
JP2010191426A (ja) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-09-02 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | アレイ基板 |
US8982023B2 (en) | 2009-02-16 | 2015-03-17 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Array substrate and display device having the same |
JPWO2010137217A1 (ja) * | 2009-05-29 | 2012-11-12 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
CN102096241B (zh) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-11-19 | 乐金显示有限公司 | 蓝相模式液晶显示器件及其制造方法 |
US8908132B2 (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2014-12-09 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Blue phase mode liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same |
CN102096241A (zh) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | 乐金显示有限公司 | 蓝相模式液晶显示器件及其制造方法 |
US8928645B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2015-01-06 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
CN103682114A (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-26 | 株式会社东芝 | 有机电致发光器件 |
CN105527738A (zh) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-04-27 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 阵列基板、数据驱动电路、数据驱动方法和显示装置 |
CN105527738B (zh) * | 2016-02-17 | 2018-12-25 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 阵列基板、数据驱动电路、数据驱动方法和显示装置 |
US10600382B2 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2020-03-24 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Array substrate, data driving circuit, data driving method and display apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7768589B2 (en) | 2010-08-03 |
JP5174857B2 (ja) | 2013-04-03 |
US8330890B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
TWI251110B (en) | 2006-03-11 |
JPWO2005059637A1 (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
US20100033663A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
TW200528896A (en) | 2005-09-01 |
US20070080370A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
US20100321600A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
US8026992B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 |
JP2010244068A (ja) | 2010-10-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5174857B2 (ja) | 表示装置 | |
JP4176722B2 (ja) | 表示素子および表示装置 | |
JP4142019B2 (ja) | 表示素子および表示装置 | |
JP4246175B2 (ja) | 表示素子及び表示装置 | |
US7342632B2 (en) | Display element and display device | |
JP4260752B2 (ja) | 表示素子および表示装置 | |
KR100751168B1 (ko) | 표시 소자 | |
JP2007086205A (ja) | 表示パネルおよび表示装置 | |
JP2005227759A (ja) | 表示素子および表示装置 | |
WO2007034600A1 (ja) | 表示パネルおよび表示装置 | |
JP4147217B2 (ja) | 表示素子および表示装置 | |
JP4246145B2 (ja) | 表示素子および表示装置 | |
JP2006343697A (ja) | 表示パネルおよび表示装置 | |
JP2005300780A (ja) | 表示装置 | |
JP5015274B2 (ja) | 表示パネルおよび表示装置 | |
JP4494072B2 (ja) | 表示装置 | |
JP5064369B2 (ja) | 表示素子 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005516368 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007080370 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10582998 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10582998 Country of ref document: US |