Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
  • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
  • A61L9/127—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor comprising a wick
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
  • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
  • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
  • A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
  • A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
  • A01M1/2027—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide without heating
  • A01M1/2044—Holders or dispensers for liquid insecticide, e.g. using wicks
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
  • A61L9/042—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating with the help of a macromolecular compound as a carrier or diluent

Definitions

• This invention relates to apparatus for the disseminating of volatile liquids into an atmosphere.
• One very common method apparatus for disseminating a volatile liquid, such as a fragrance or an insecticide, into an atmosphere consists of a porous transfer member, such as a porous wick, that is in contact with a reservoir of volatile liquid. Liquid rises up this wick and evaporates into the atmosphere.
• This system has drawbacks, such as the low surface area for evaporation and the tendency for the wick to fractionate complex mixtures, such as fragrances, so that some components are disseminated earlier than others and the full effect of the fragrance is lost.
• the invention therefore provides an apparatus adapted to disseminate volatile liquid into an atmosphere from a reservoir, the transfer to atmosphere being at least partially achieved by means of a transfer member having external capillary channels, characterised in that
• At least 30% by weight is meant all the components of the liquid, including any solvent present.
• the active when the active is a fragrance it can be composed with one or more compounds, for example, natural products such as extracts, essential oils, absolutes, resinoids, resins, concretes etc., but also synthetic materials such as hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, acids, esters, acetals, ketals, nitrites, etc., including saturated and unsaturated compounds, aliphatic, carbocyclic, and heterocyclic compounds. The molecular weights range from around 90 to 320.
• Such fragrance materials are mentioned, for example, in S. Arctander, Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (Montclair, NJ., 1969), in S. Arctander, perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin (Elizabeth, N.J., 1960) and in "Flavor and Fragrance Materials- 1991", Allured Publishing Co. Wheaton, 111. USA.
• Some non-limiting examples of useful volatile materials whose molecular weight is less than 175 are:
• Some non-limiting examples of useful materials that can be used that have a molecular weight higher than 175 are:
• the solvent of the volatile liquid can be selected from many classes of volatile compounds that known to the art, for example, ethers; straight or branched chain alcohols and diols; volatile silicones; dipropylene glycol, triethyl citrate, ethanol, isopropanol, diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol, diethyl phthalate, triethyl citrate, isopropyl myristate, etc., hydrocarbon solvents such as IsoparTM or other known solvents that have previously been used to dispense volatile actives from substrates. These solvents in general have a molecular weight between 20 and 400. They are selected specifically for each volatile liquid to achieve the performance and safety, (e.g. VOC and flash point) specified.
• volatile compounds that known to the art, for example, ethers; straight or branched chain alcohols and diols; volatile silicones; dipropylene glycol, triethyl citrate, ethanol, isopropan
• the active when the active is an insect repellant it can be composed of one or more compounds such as pyrethrum and pyrethroid type materials commonly now used in mosquito coils are likely to be the most useful for this purpose.
• Other insect control actives can be used, such as the repellants DEET, essential oils, such as citronella, lemon grass oil, lavender oil, cinnamon oil, neem oil, clove oil, sandalwood oil and geraniol.
• the active when the active is an antimicrobial it can be composed of one or more of compounds such as essential oils such as rosemary, thyme, lavender, eugenic, geranium, tea tree, clove, lemon grass, peppermint, or their active components such as anethole, thymol, eucalyptol, farnesol, menthol, limonene, methyl salicylate, salicylic acid, terpineol, nerolidol, geraniol, and mixtures thereof, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene carbonate, phenoxyethanol, dimethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, diethyl succinate, dibutyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, diethyl glutarate, dibutyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, diethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, or mixtures thereof one or more aldeh
• volatile actives can be used alone or in combination with the above actives, for example decongestants such as menthol, camphor, eucalyptus etc., malodor counteractants such as are trimethyl hexanal, other alkyl aldehydes, benzaldehyde, and vanillin, esters of alpha-, beta- unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, alkyl cyclohexyl alkyl ketones, derivatives of acetic and propionic acids, 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-2-pentanone, aromatic unsaturated carboxylic esters, etc.
• decongestants such as menthol, camphor, eucalyptus etc.
• malodor counteractants such as are trimethyl hexanal, other alkyl aldehydes, benzaldehyde, and vanillin
• esters of alpha-, beta- unsaturated monocarboxylic acids alkyl cyclohexyl alky
• the transfer medium must have external capillary channels, that is, channels of capillary dimensions provided on an external surface of the medium such that a liquid will exhibit capillary flow within them. These may be provided by any suitable means, such as moulding and engraving.
• the transfer medium may be any suitable form of such medium, but is preferably one of two kinds:
• the volatile liquid have a surface tension of 40 dynes/cm maximum and that the plastics material have a surface energy of 45 dynes/cm maximum. It has been found that this combination of parameters allows for an especially good dissemination of a liquid into an atmosphere.
• the invention therefore also provides a method of disseminating a volatile liquid into an atmosphere by evaporation from a transfer member having surface capillary channels, the volatile liquid being such that at least 30% by weight of the materials comprising it have a molecular weight of 175 maximum, and that it has a surface tension of less than 40 dynes/cm, and the transfer member being of plastics material having a surface energy of less than 45 dyne/cm.
• the liquid has a surface tension of less than 40 dyne/cm, and is more preferably within the range 20-35 dynes/cm. All surface tensions referred to herein are measured on a Fisher Surface Tensiomat model number 21 at 25°C.
• the volatile liquid have a viscosity of less than 10 centistokes per second at 25°C as measured on a Cannon-Fenske Viscometer according to Test Method ASTM D 445.
• the plastics materials for use in this invention preferably have a surface energy of from 15-45 dyne/cm.
• the surface energy of a plastics material is dependent upon its molecular structure and is a measure of the ability of a surface to be wetted. The more inert is a plastics material chemically, the lower is its surface energy.
• materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene and PTFE have low surface energies, whereas the plastics with more polar groups have higher surface energies.
• the surface energy lies in the range of from 30-45 dynes/cm and more preferably from 30-35 dyne/cm.
• Suitable transfer members may be easily fabricated by known means, for example, by the methods described in the abovementioned US 4,913,350 and GB application 0306449.
• the quantity of fragrance diffused into the air was determined by weighing the container with fragrance and capillary. The following results were obtained after 2 days:
• fragrance D % Components MW ⁇ 175 > 30, surface tension 37 dynes/cm and viscosity 5.7 Cs/s
• fragrance E % Components MW ⁇ 175 > 30, Viscosity 2.9 cS/s and surface tension 34.5 dynes/sec
• the fragrances had an oil-soluble dye added and the height to which it rose (as a percentage of the height of the capillary) after 6 minutes was measured and recorded, and is shown in the following tables.
• the surface energy of the plastics material of the external capillary should be below 45 dynes/cm, preferably below 40 dynes/cm.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=34573008

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2004
  • 2004-10-28 KR KR1020067008998A patent/KR20060118466A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2004-10-28 US US10/577,089 patent/US20070081969A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-10-28 CA CA002543473A patent/CA2543473A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-10-28 EP EP04761979A patent/EP1682190A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2004-10-28 WO PCT/CH2004/000647 patent/WO2005044318A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2004-10-28 MX MXPA06004714A patent/MXPA06004714A/es unknown
  • 2004-10-28 CN CNA2004800330311A patent/CN1878572A/zh active Pending
  • 2004-10-28 BR BRPI0416353-2A patent/BRPI0416353A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-10-28 JP JP2006538627A patent/JP2007512863A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events