WO2005040911A1 - 耐熱性リフレクター及びそれを搭載した光学装置 - Google Patents
耐熱性リフレクター及びそれを搭載した光学装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005040911A1 WO2005040911A1 PCT/JP2004/015409 JP2004015409W WO2005040911A1 WO 2005040911 A1 WO2005040911 A1 WO 2005040911A1 JP 2004015409 W JP2004015409 W JP 2004015409W WO 2005040911 A1 WO2005040911 A1 WO 2005040911A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reflective film
- heat
- reflector
- film
- substrate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
- G02B5/0825—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers the reflecting layers comprising dielectric materials only
- G02B5/0833—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers the reflecting layers comprising dielectric materials only comprising inorganic materials only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reflector constituting a light source and an optical device equipped with the same.
- a projector which is one of the optical devices, is a device for enlarging and projecting an image, and since it can directly connect and project an image produced by a computer or the like with a projector, it has been developed as a presentation tool for meetings. Was. Recently, it is becoming popular as a home optical device such as a rear projection TV or home theater. These optical devices require a light source.
- the light source is composed of a lamp and a reflector that efficiently reflects the light from the lamp.
- a dielectric alternately laminated thin film hereinafter referred to as a reflection film
- the reflector 1 is composed of a concave (tea bowl) -shaped substrate and a reflection film formed on the concave inner surface of the substrate.
- Patent Document 1 describes a heat countermeasure that uses a translucent silica sintered body as a base material to control the heat ray transmission of the base material.
- Patent Document 2 also discloses that ceramics with excellent heat resistance Although the use of a base material is described, in this case, the reflection film is peeled off due to the difference in thermal expansion characteristics between the ceramic base material and the reflection film.
- the shape is limited to a shape in which radiation fins are integrally provided on the outer surface of the material.
- Heat from the lamp is transmitted to the reflective film and the substrate.
- the direction of improving the heat resistance or heat dissipation of the base material is being aimed at, and the heat resistance of the reflection film itself has not been improved at all.
- no measures are taken against the heat of the reflector due to the downsizing of the light source and the increase in the output, especially the heat deterioration of the reflective film.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-160303
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-11-273432
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is a countermeasure against heat of a reflector that constitutes a light source of an optical device such as a projector.
- a reflector that constitutes a light source of an optical device such as a projector.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a practical reflector which does not cause deterioration of the reflection characteristics of the reflection film and an optical device equipped with the reflector.
- the present invention provides a heat-resistant inorganic base material having a concave surface, and a reflective film comprising a dielectric alternately laminated film coated on the concave surface, wherein the reflective film Has a pull resistance of 0.02 kgf or more.
- the inorganic base material is a heat-resistant glass
- the heat-resistant glass is a sintered silica glass.
- the reflective film is composed of a laminated film of TiO and SiO or a laminated film of TaO and SiO.
- the present inventor accidentally discovered that, while developing a reflector having excellent heat resistance, the harder the reflection film, the higher the heat resistance of the reflection film. Even if the reflective film has the same material composition and the same number of layers, a reflective film that does not scratch when the reflective film surface is linearly pulled with a force of 0.02 kgf or more is considered to be practical in the past.
- the heat resistance of the reflective film is much higher than that of 450-500 ° C.
- the reflective film formed on the concave inner surface of the reflector base material selectively reflects only visible light wavelengths of about 400 nm to 700 nm out of the light generated by the lamp power, and transmits infrared light and ultraviolet light. It is good to design.
- Such selective reflection characteristics of light can be realized by alternately laminating two types of dielectric thin films (hereinafter, referred to as single-layer films) having different refractive indexes. In this case, the light reflection efficiency increases as the difference in refractive index between the two types of single-layer films used increases. In other words, if the difference in refractive index is large, light can be efficiently reflected even if the number of laminated single-layer films is small.
- the difference in refractive index is small, the intended reflection efficiency is obtained. Therefore, a large number of stacked layers are required, and as a result, the thickness of the entire reflective film is increased. This means that the time required to form the reflective film is prolonged, which increases the production cost and is inferior in economical efficiency.
- the refractive index of a single-layer film is one important factor that determines the number of stacked reflective films and, consequently, the total thickness of the reflective film, and the refractive index strongly depends on the components of the dielectric used. .
- a reflective film is formed using TiO and SiO as dielectric components,
- the number is about 24 layers to 40 layers, and the thickness of the whole film is about 1.-2. It is enough.
- the total thickness of the film is approximately 1.5 m to 2.8 / z m when the number of layers is 30 and the number of layers is 60. If the thickness of the film is unnecessarily large, it is not only economically disadvantageous, but also it becomes difficult to secure uniformity of the film in production, and the reflection efficiency may decrease. As described above, in the present invention, the components, the number of layers, and the total thickness of the dielectric alternately laminated film constituting the reflection film may be appropriately selected so as to satisfy the required reflection efficiency.
- the reflective film is coated on the concave inner surface of the base material along its shape.
- the concave inner surface of the substrate is designed to collect the light of the lamp or reflect it with parallel light.
- the concave inner surface is designed to have a spheroidal surface with an optical axis cross-sectional shape, and in the case of parallel light, it is designed to be a paraboloid of revolution.
- the lamp is located at the focal point of the ellipsoid or paraboloid, and the light emitted from the lamp is reflected by the concave inner surface of the base material covered with the reflective film, and then various lenses, optical filters, liquid crystal panels, DMDs (digital Through the optical element of the micromirror device) and is finally projected as an enlarged image. Therefore, when the shape of the concave inner surface of the base material that covers the reflective film is not manufactured according to the design value, a problem such as a decrease in the brightness of the projected image occurs. High shape accuracy is required.
- the substrate used in the present invention basically any heat-resistant inorganic substrate produced so as to satisfy the above-described shape accuracy of the concave inner surface can be used.
- a metal material such as nickel and nickel alloys, alumina, mullite (Mullite), Cody light (Cordierit e), silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, dense ceramic material such as silicon carbide, Pyrex (Pyrex : A borosilicate glass material represented by a registered trademark of Corning Glass Co. of the United States of America, or ⁇ -Spodmene as a basic crystal structure.
- ⁇ is a crystal phase having 13 eucryptite ( ⁇ -Ecryptite).
- Glass ceramics is called crystallized glass), or glass such as silica (SiO 2) glass
- the method of manufacturing the base material is not particularly limited, and may be selected in consideration of the characteristics and economy of the material used.
- a method of cold pressing a material is preferred.
- a method of directly pressing a glass melt is preferred.
- the crystallized glass substrate it is preferable that the glass after press molding is further heat-treated to precipitate a crystal phase. Since the force glass itself is capable of direct press molding in principle, the melting point of the force material itself is high, so that it is molded into a predetermined shape with powder in the same way as a ceramic substrate and then sintered. It is preferable to apply a powder sintering method. As the molding means in the powder sintering method, all ordinary molding means can be applied.
- slip casting, dry pressing, An injection method, a self-curing method, or the like can be used.
- the point when using such a forming means is to sufficiently promote densification during sintering and to sufficiently increase the density of the formed body so as to minimize shrinkage during sintering. If the density of the molded body is low, the densification does not proceed sufficiently and the substrate becomes porous, or fine pores are present especially on the concave inner surface of the substrate, and the surface condition of the substrate This is because it becomes a defect of the reflection film that transfers the image as it is.
- the shrinkage during sintering is large, the deviation of the ideal shape force of the designed concave inner surface of the base material becomes large, and this is a force that impairs the reflection function as a reflector.
- the water absorption which is an index of the fineness, may be approximately 2% or less, preferably 1% or less. If the molding density (the filling ratio of the powder particles constituting the molded body) is 60% by volume or more, preferably 70% by volume or more, and more preferably 74% by volume or more, the state of the dense concave inner surface is practically possible. A sintered silica glass or a sintered ceramic substrate having excellent shape accuracy can be manufactured.
- the reflective film needs to have smoothness so as to efficiently reflect the light of the lamp. If there is no lubricity, even if dielectrics are alternately laminated, light from the lamp will be irregularly reflected, and will not function as a reflective film.
- the reflective film is coated by faithfully transferring the surface state of the substrate. That is, the smoothness of the reflective film is governed by the surface roughness of the concave surface of the base material used. Therefore, the concave inner surface of the base material covering the reflective film needs to be smoothed to the mirror level.
- mirror surface refers to a center line surface roughness Ra (Arithmetical mean deviation) not more than 0.05 / zm in JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) B0601.
- the specularity of the concave inner surface of the above-mentioned metathermal inorganic base material can be realized in different forms depending on the method of manufacturing each base material.
- a convex mold surface corresponding to the concave inner surface of the base material is preferably formed with a mirror surface and pressed. Press molding in this manner can provide a metal or glass substrate having excellent smoothness by transferring the mirror surface of the mold.
- the material surface corresponding to the concave inner surface of the substrate is polished to a mirror surface in advance, the mirror surface after pressing can be further secured.
- the surface is roughened by the crystal phase precipitated by the heat treatment.Therefore, the crystal grains are reduced using existing means such as heat treatment conditions and component adjustment of the base material.
- the surface may be roughened to prevent the surface from being roughened, or may be mechanically polished so that the mirror surface is finally obtained.
- sintered silica glass or ceramic substrate there are always irregularities derived from the powder particles constituting the compact, so that the concave inner surface of the sintered substrate is preferably mirror-polished by mechanical polishing.
- abrasive used for mechanical polishing a slurry in which diamond, silicon carbide, ceria, or the like, which is generally used, is dispersed in water may be used.
- the present inventors evaluated and improved the heat resistance of the reflector.
- the heat resistance of the reflective film can be dramatically improved as compared with the conventional 400 ° C-500 ° C as the pulling resistance of the coated reflective film is harder than 0.02kgf. I discovered it by accident.
- the pulling strength referred to here is that the tip cross section is 90 degrees, the apex has a radius of 0.05 mm, and a force is applied to the conical diamond stylus at a speed of 75 mmZ for a linear speed.
- the heat resistance of the reflective film means that the reflective film after the test floats (hereinafter referred to as “floating”) or peels off from the base material after a thermal cycle test in which the turning on and off of the lamp in an optical device such as a projector is simulated.
- the heat resistance test method is as follows: a substrate coated with a reflective film is directly charged into an electric furnace heated and held at a predetermined temperature, held in the electric furnace for 15 minutes, and then quickly taken out of the electric furnace glass for 30 minutes at room temperature. This is a heat cycle test in which the sample is allowed to cool down, and this operation is repeated three times.
- floating floats
- the heat resistance test method is as follows: a substrate coated with a reflective film is directly charged into an electric furnace heated and held at a predetermined temperature, held in the electric furnace for 15 minutes, and then quickly taken out of the electric furnace glass for 30 minutes at room temperature
- a reflective film consisting of 32 layers of TiO and SiO alternately laminated on one surface of various base materials of 20 mm X 20 mm and 3 mm thickness polished to Ra (center line surface roughness) of 0.
- V-hardness which does not scratch when the pulling force related to the type of substrate is 0.02 kgf or more, is high at 500 ° C, and is a reflective film even at heat-resistant temperatures. No peeling or film floating phenomenon was observed, indicating good heat resistance. On the other hand, the reflective film with a scratching force of 0.02 kgfC had defects such as film peeling and film floating.
- a reflective film consisting of 40 layers of Ta O and SiO alternately laminated on one side of various glass substrates of 20 mm X 20 mm and 3 mm thickness polished to 0 with Ra (center line surface roughness)
- various test pieces coated by a (beam) evaporation method were produced.
- Table 2 shows the results of the heat resistance test at 550 ° C.
- the heat resistance temperature of the reflective film were measured.
- the inner surface of the concave portion of the base material before coating with the reflective film was reduced to Ra (center line surface roughness) of 0.05 m or less by mechanical polishing.
- the heat resistance test was evaluated by visually examining changes such as peeling and whitening of the reflection film after the heat resistance test in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and applying Scotch tape (registered trademark of 3M) to the reflection film.
- the temperature at which the reflective film did not peel when the film was attached and peeled was indicated as the heat-resistant temperature.
- the pulling test was performed using a Peeling Slipping Scratching Tester (model HEIDON — 14S) manufactured by Shinto Kagaku Co., Ltd.
- the reason is as follows. Although it is not clear, the heat resistance of the reflective film itself is improved regardless of the substrate and the film forming method.
- the adhesion between the inorganic base material and the reflection film is larger than the total thermal stress generated in them.
- the adhesion between the inorganic substrate and the reflective film is larger than the total thermal stress generated in them, it has been confirmed by a heat test that the reflective film does not peel off from the inorganic substrate. If the hardness of the reflective film is 0.02 kgf or more in the proof strength, the fine particles constituting the reflective film become smaller and their density increases (that is, they become a dense amorphous state), forming the reflective film. It is thought that the number of fine particles increases and the number of contact points between the reflective film and the inorganic substrate increases, and the amorphous state is maintained even at high temperatures. It is assumed that the effect of the present invention is based on such a reason.
- the present invention focuses on the hardness of a reflective film in order to realistically configure a reflector having excellent heat resistance and an optical device equipped with the same.
- the pull strength according to the present invention is 0.
- the use of a reflector with a reflective film of at least 02kgf coated on the concave inner surface of the substrate makes it possible to secure the heat resistance of the reflective film, which has never been seen before, at 500 ° C or higher even in a practical thermal cycle test.
- it is possible to secure the heat resistance of the reflector which is a technical bottleneck in realizing miniaturization and high luminance of optical devices such as projectors.
- the present invention is characterized in that the drawing resistance of the reflective film is set to 0.02 kgf or more.
- As a film forming method for forming a reflective film on the surface of a base material there are a physical deposition method [PVD (Phsical Vapor Deposition)] and a chemical deposition method [CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition)] which are vapor deposition methods.
- PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- Optimum force No matter which deposition method is used, the energy (activity) of the vaporized atomic particles is high, and the energy of the particles is not lost when moving to the substrate surface. Basically, it is a basic requirement that the active state can be maintained, so that the reflective film deposited on the substrate surface becomes dense and has high hardness.
- the method for gasifying the raw material (method by heating using direct current, alternating current, high frequency, etc. or the sputtering method), the amount of energy (power) input, the amount of gas phase particles, and the type of raw material (metal , Oxides, types of organic metals, crystals, etc.), the pressure of the atmosphere gas during the film formation (degree of vacuum), the amount and type of the reactive gas introduced, the presence or absence of forced ionization of the particles and the atmosphere gas, the ion concentration,
- the temperature of the base material Method by heating using direct current, alternating current, high frequency, etc. or the sputtering method
- the amount of energy (power) input the amount of gas phase particles
- the type of raw material metal , Oxides, types of organic metals, crystals, etc.
- the pressure of the atmosphere gas during the film formation degree of vacuum
- the amount and type of the reactive gas introduced the presence or absence of forced ionization of the particles and the atmosphere gas, the ion concentration
- a silica glass substrate which can be easily polished as compared with a ceramic substrate and has a thermal expansion up to a high temperature of almost zero is preferable. Further, in consideration of the formability and the degree of freedom in shape, a sintered silica glass substrate produced by molding a powder into a predetermined shape and sintering the same is preferable. [0026] Further, when a glass substrate is used to constitute a reflector having better heat resistance, the present invention is based on conventional techniques, such as means for improving the heat dissipation of the substrate. For this purpose, cooling radiating fins are integrally formed on the outer surface of the glass substrate, or the thickness of the substrate is reduced to reduce the apparent heat capacity of the substrate and enhance heat dissipation.
- a glass base material provided with physical means, such as, for example, is appropriately selected and used. Reducing the thickness of the glass substrate is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of securing strength, which is effective for heat control of the reflector. Realistically, the reflector mounted on the reflector may burst. This tendency increases as the size and brightness of the lamp increase.
- a high-pressure mercury lamp is usually used for a small high-intensity lamp, but if the lamp ruptures to the base material, the mercury enclosed in the lamp leaks out of the reflector, that is, outside the light source. Therefore, the glass substrate needs to have a strength that does not cause the lamp to burst.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
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JP2005514944A JPWO2005040911A1 (ja) | 2003-10-22 | 2004-10-19 | 耐熱性リフレクター及びそれを搭載した光学装置 |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06166564A (ja) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-06-14 | Opt D D Melco Lab:Kk | 溶融シリカ質焼結体およびその製法 |
JP2000275733A (ja) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 照明装置および投写型表示装置 |
JP2001242543A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-07 | Ushio Inc | 光源装置 |
JP2003007101A (ja) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-10 | Ushio Inc | 凹面反射鏡および光源ユニット |
JP2003178603A (ja) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ランプ |
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2004
- 2004-10-19 JP JP2005514944A patent/JPWO2005040911A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-10-19 WO PCT/JP2004/015409 patent/WO2005040911A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06166564A (ja) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-06-14 | Opt D D Melco Lab:Kk | 溶融シリカ質焼結体およびその製法 |
JP2000275733A (ja) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 照明装置および投写型表示装置 |
JP2001242543A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-07 | Ushio Inc | 光源装置 |
JP2003007101A (ja) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-10 | Ushio Inc | 凹面反射鏡および光源ユニット |
JP2003178603A (ja) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ランプ |
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