WO2005003038A1 - 浄水器及びその洗浄方法 - Google Patents
浄水器及びその洗浄方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005003038A1 WO2005003038A1 PCT/JP2004/009187 JP2004009187W WO2005003038A1 WO 2005003038 A1 WO2005003038 A1 WO 2005003038A1 JP 2004009187 W JP2004009187 W JP 2004009187W WO 2005003038 A1 WO2005003038 A1 WO 2005003038A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filtration membrane
- water purifier
- membrane
- water
- measured
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000001595 flow curve Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 174
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013208 measuring procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- -1 hypochlorite compound Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 101001012040 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) Immunomodulating metalloprotease Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl alcohol Substances CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical class ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/021—Manufacturing thereof
- B01D63/0233—Manufacturing thereof forming the bundle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/10—Testing of membranes or membrane apparatus; Detecting or repairing leaks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/024—Hollow fibre modules with a single potted end
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/024—Hollow fibre modules with a single potted end
- B01D63/0241—Hollow fibre modules with a single potted end being U-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/04—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water purifier for purifying water such as tap water and a method for cleaning the same.
- water purifiers have been used for purification of tap water due to pollution of water resources, demand for delicious water, and the like.
- a water purifier having a function of removing the odor of mold, mold, smell, torino, dichloromethane, etc. of tap water by an adsorbent such as activated carbon, and removing bacteria, turbid components, etc. by a porous hollow fiber membrane.
- FIG. 3 Appearance perspective view
- Fig. 4 cross-sectional view
- the water purifier 1 is attached to the faucet 2 using an adapter 3 and a fixing ring 4, and when a switching lever 5 is operated, a raw water is purified by a switching mechanism incorporated inside the water purifier 1. It is possible to switch between and clean water.
- a water purification cartridge 6 is housed in the cartridge cover 7 of the water purifier 1.
- the switching lever 5 is switched to the water purification side and the raw water flows in from the faucet 2
- the raw water is guided to the water purification cartridge 6 side by the switching mechanism, and coarse turbid components contained in the water are removed.
- the water is filtered by the sintering filter 11 and introduced into the casing 13 of the water purification cartridge 6.
- the water introduced into the housing 13 of the water purification cartridge 6 passes through the adsorbent 15, the partition plate 14, and passes through the hollow fiber membrane 16 focused by the potting material 17, where fine suspended substances such as bacteria are removed. It is filtered and purified, and discharged from the water purification outlet 9.
- the purified water obtained by purifying the raw water is discharged from the filtered water outlet 12 of the purified water cartridge 6 to the outside of the purified water cartridge 6.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a prefilter is provided on the upstream side of the hollow fiber membrane. There is disclosed a water purifier that removes an obstruction that causes clogging and improves the purification capacity of a hollow fiber membrane. However, the described pre-filter may have little effect in preventing clogging of the hollow fiber membrane depending on the water quality of the coarse pores.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-89948 discloses
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of flowing water from a downstream side of a hollow fiber membrane to remove an obstruction on a surface on an upstream side of the hollow fiber membrane.
- this method since the dirty water is sent from the downstream side of the hollow fiber membrane as it is, there is a possibility that the surface on the downstream side of the hollow fiber membrane may be contaminated.
- JP-A-8-84989 discloses that a plurality of modules each having a hollow fiber membrane are arranged, and water filtered by one hollow fiber membrane is downstream of another hollow fiber membrane. Disclosed is a method of removing a flushing obstruction from a container. However, since this method requires a module having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, the number of components is increased because of the use of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and the structure is complicated because a plurality of water flow paths are required. There was a problem of becoming.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 8-10417
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-8-89948
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-8-84989
- the present invention is to provide a water purifier capable of purifying water for a long period of time.
- a first gist of the present invention is a water purifier having a first filtration membrane and a second filtration membrane provided downstream of the first filtration membrane.
- a water purifier that satisfies A1 ⁇ A2 when the pore size A of the first filtration membrane is Al and the pore size A of the second filtration membrane is A2, measured in the procedure.
- the water purifier can purify water for a long period of time.
- a second gist of the present invention is a method for cleaning a water purifier having a first filtration membrane and a second filtration membrane provided downstream of the first filtration membrane. This is a method for cleaning a water purifier in which the first filtration membrane is cleaned with a cleaning agent containing a hypochlorite compound.
- the water purifier can purify water for a long period of time.
- the water purifier of the present invention has a first filtration membrane and a second filtration membrane provided downstream of the first filtration membrane.
- Water contains microscopic substances such as bacteria, algae, and metabolites thereof, and these are major factors that cause early clogging of the filtration membrane.
- the membrane can be efficiently prevented from being clogged, and the water can be purified for a long period of time.
- the “dry state” means a state where no liquid is present on the surface and inside of the filtration membrane to be measured.
- the pore size C of the first filtration membrane is Cl and the pore size C of the second filtration membrane is C2, and that C1 ⁇ C2, clogging is more efficiently prevented by the following procedure. It is particularly preferable because it can be performed.
- the purpose of the first filtration membrane is to remove most of the clogging substances contained in the water efficiently over a long period of time, and the first filtration membrane removes more clogging substances than the second filtration membrane. Since the treatment is performed, it is preferable that the membrane area of the first filtration membrane is 220 times the membrane area of the second filtration membrane. Particularly preferably, it is 2.5 to 10 times.
- membrane area of the first filtration membrane is preferably between 0. 5 m 2 or more to allow long-term efficient dividing removed by a substance that cause water clogging. Particularly preferably, it is 0.6 m 2 or more. There is no particular upper limit, but it is preferably 4.Om 2 or less from the viewpoint of installation in a household faucet.
- the membrane area of the second filtration membrane is preferably not less than 0.1 lm 2 at which a sufficient amount of water can be obtained. Les ,. Particularly preferably, it is 0.15 m 2 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2.0 m 2 or less from the viewpoint of installation in a household faucet.
- At least one of the first filtration membrane and the second filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane from the viewpoint of increasing filtration efficiency.
- Examples of the hollow fiber membrane used for the first filtration membrane and the second filtration membrane include a cellulose-based membrane, a polyolefin-based (polyethylene, polypropylene), a polybutyl alcohol-based membrane, an ethylene-butyl alcohol copolymer, and the like.
- Polyether type polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) type, polysulfone type, polyacrylonitrile type, polyfluoroethylene (Teflon (registered trademark)) type, polycarbonate type, polyester type, polyamide type, aromatic polyamide type, etc. Materials having good material strength can be suitably used.
- polyolefin-based hollow fiber membranes such as polyethylene and polypropylene are preferable in consideration of the strength and elongation of the membrane, the bending resistance, the washing property, the handleability, and the high chemical resistance.
- the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is not particularly limited, but is 20-2000 / im, the porosity is 20-90%, and the film thickness is 5-300 ⁇ m.
- a pre-filter that removes relatively large foreign substances such as coarse dust, sand, iron, and the like in the water is provided detachably on the upstream side of the first filtration membrane, the burden on the first filtration membrane is increased. This is preferable because the life of the first filtration membrane can be prolonged.
- a sintered filter made of a porous powder sintered body, a nonwoven fabric, a mesh, or the like can be suitably used.
- Examples of the material of the pre-filter include resin materials such as polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, and fluorine resin, C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Nb, Examples include inorganic and metallic materials such as Ta, B, V, Ni, Cu, Al, Ti, Fe, Co, and alloys thereof. These are used in the form of sintered, non-woven fabric or mesh.
- an adsorbent is disposed between the first filtration membrane and the second filtration membrane.
- the adsorbent include activated carbon, natural adsorbents (natural zeolite, silver zeolite, acid clay, etc.), and synthetic adsorbents (synthetic zeolite, antibacterial zeolite, bacteria-adsorbing polymer, phosphate rock, molecular sieve, etc.).
- Inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel, silica-alumina gel adsorbent, and porous glass); ion-exchange resins, ion-exchange fibers, chelate resins, Well-known materials such as organic fibers such as heat-absorbing fibers, super-absorbent resins, super-absorbent fibers, oil-absorbing resins, and oil-absorbing agents are exemplified.
- activated carbon is preferably used.
- Activated carbon includes plant material (wood, cellulose, sawdust, charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, ash, etc.), coal (peat, lignite, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, tar, etc.), and petroleum (oil residue, sulfuric acid) Carbonize sludge, oil carbon, etc.), pulp waste liquid, synthetic resin, etc., and activate gas (steam, carbon dioxide, air, etc.) and chemical activation (calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, etc.) as necessary. Sulfuric acid, caustic soda, KOH, etc.).
- fibrous activated carbon examples include carbonized precursors made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cellulose, phenol, and coal-based pitch, and activated carbons. These are powdered, granulated, block-shaped, non-woven fabric-shaped, and laminated, and loaded into the cylindrical portion.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- cellulose examples include cellulose, phenol, and coal-based pitch, and activated carbons. These are powdered, granulated, block-shaped, non-woven fabric-shaped, and laminated, and loaded into the cylindrical portion.
- an ion exchange resin can be suitably used for adjusting hardness (Ca, Mg), removing lead, and removing nitrate and nitrite nitrogen.
- Zeolite is preferably used for removing arsenic.
- a chelating agent is preferably used for removing boron and fluorine.
- the water purifier of the present invention removes most of the substances causing clogging contained in water in the first filtration membrane. Therefore, for long-term use, it is preferable that the first filtration membrane has a structure that can be washed. Specifically, it is preferable that the first filtration membrane has a removable structure. .
- a cleaning agent supply port for supplying a cleaning agent to a region inside the housing where the first filtration membrane is arranged, and a cleaning agent outlet for discharging the cleaning agent to a region outside the housing.
- a hypochlorite compound such as sodium hypochlorite and bleaching powder
- the cleaning agent those formed into a solid such as a granule or a powder can be used, but a liquid obtained by dissolving the above components in water or the like is preferably used.
- the required amount of the cleaning agent may be supplied at once, or may be supplied continuously.
- the cleaning agent depends on the state of adhesion of bacteria, turbid substances, etc., but it is preferable that the first filtration membrane is brought into contact with the cleaning agent for about 0.5 to 24 hours to perform more complete cleaning.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the inside of a casing in which a first filtration membrane is used, which is used for the water purifier of the present invention.
- the first filtration membrane 10 has a cylindrical shape together with the protection net 18 in a state where both ends of a plurality of U-shaped bent hollow fiber membranes 16 are bundled by a potting material 17 so as to maintain an open state.
- the case 22 is fixed to the hollow fiber membrane case 22. Downstream of the first filtration membrane 10, a module cap 23 in which the filtered water outlet 12 is formed is arranged. These are connected via elastic bodies 19 and 20 by a groove 21 of the module cap and a projection 24 of the case 22 for the hollow fiber membrane.
- a casing 31 formed in two parts, and are fixed via fixing bands 33. Further, a water supply port 35 and a filtered water discharge port 38 are formed in the housing 31, and a filtered water opening / closing valve 37 is disposed at the end of the filtered water discharge port 38.
- the hollow fiber membrane 16 passes through the region where the outer wall surface of the hollow fiber membrane 16 is in contact with the water to be treated and the hollow fiber membrane 16 through the open end of each hollow fiber membrane 16. It is divided into a hollow portion of the membrane 16 and a region where the filtered water outlet 12 communicates.
- the first filtration membrane 10 can be taken out.
- the taken out first filtration membrane 10 can be put in another container and shake-washed or washed with running water.
- the first filtration membrane can be completely immersed in the container, and the detergent can be added and washed.
- the hollow fiber membrane 16 is removed from the beginning: The structure fixed to the potting material 17 so as to be integrated with the cap 23 may be used.
- the housing 31 may have a structure in which a cleaning agent supply port 41 having a cleaning agent supply valve 40 and a cleaning agent discharge port 34 having a cleaning agent discharge valve 36 are provided. it can .
- hypochlorous acid compounds such as sodium hypochlorite and bleaching powder are supplied from the cleaning agent supply port 41, and the bacteria accumulated on the upstream surface of the first filtration membrane 10 are removed. After the clogging substance such as a turbid component is peeled off from the first filtration membrane, the filtration performance of the first filtration membrane 10 can be recovered by discharging from the cleaning agent discharge port 34.
- the method of supplying the detergent is not particularly limited.
- the detergent is sent using a pump, or the detergent is placed on a high surface and sent by gravity. Can be liquified.
- the method of discharging the cleaning agent it is possible to open the cleaning agent discharge valve 36 and discharge the cleaning agent to the outside of the housing 31 by natural fall.However, water is supplied from the water supply port 35 and the cleaning agent is discharged by the pressure. It is preferable that the used cleaning agent is discharged and discharged from the housing 31 through the outlet 34 because the cleaning agent can be washed and dropped.
- the cleaning agent when the cleaning with the cleaning agent is performed, even if the cleaning agent remains, as long as an adsorbent such as activated carbon is disposed between the first filtration membrane and the second filtration membrane, the cleaning agent may be removed. Since the detergent is decomposed by an adsorbent such as activated carbon, a structure in which an adsorbent such as activated carbon is disposed between the first filtration membrane and the second filtration membrane is also preferable in this regard. In particular, for this purpose, fine particulate or fibrous activated carbon is preferably used.
- a strong fixing resin such as a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, and a polyolefin resin can be suitably used.
- the material of the housing 31 it is preferable to use metals (such as stainless steel) and plastics in consideration of workability and the like.
- metals such as stainless steel
- plastics in consideration of workability and the like.
- the softening point of polypropylene, polyphenylene ether, polyoxymethylene, polycarbonate, ABS resin, etc. is 80 ° C.
- the casing 31 be formed of a transparent or translucent material, since the internal state such as contamination of the hollow fiber membrane 16 can be confirmed.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the inside of the housing in which the second filtration membrane is used, which is used for the water purifier of the present invention.
- the second filtration membrane 32 is bundled by the potting material 17 so that both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 16 bent in a U-shape maintain an open state. In this state, it is fixed to the cylindrical hollow fiber membrane case 22 together with the protection net 18. Downstream of the second filtration membrane 32, a module cap 23 in which the filtered water outlet 12 is formed is arranged. These are fixed via the elastic bodies 19 and 20 by the groove 21 of the module cap and the projection 24 of the hollow fiber membrane case 22.
- the second filtration membrane 32 is installed immediately before the purified water spout 39.
- the above-mentioned materials used for the first filtration membrane can be similarly suitably used.
- a polyethylene hollow fiber membrane (outer diameter: 480 ⁇ m, porosity: 68%, film thickness: 50 ⁇ m) was used as the first filtration membrane and the second filtration membrane.
- a water purifier provided with an adsorption cartridge filled with 300 g of 10-mesh and 20-mesh coconut shell activated carbon between the first and second filtration membranes was produced.
- the membrane area of the first filtration membrane was 0.6 m 2
- the membrane area of the second filtration membrane was 0.2 m 2 .
- the pore diameter A of the first filtration membrane was 0.03 ⁇ m, and the pore diameter A of the second filtration membrane was 0.23 zm.
- the pore size B of the first filtration membrane was 0.10 x m, and the pore size B of the second filtration membrane was 0.303 / im.
- the pore diameter C of the first filtration membrane was 0.13 ⁇ , and the pore diameter C of the second filtration membrane was 0.39 ⁇ .
- a water purifier was manufactured using the same materials as in Example 1 except that the first filtration membrane was not used. Tap water was passed through this water purifier in the same manner as in Example 1, and the integrated filtration flow rate was measured until the amount of water discharged at 0. IMPa became 1 liter or less per minute.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the inside of a housing in which a first filtration membrane is used, which is used in the water purifier of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the inside of a housing in which a second filtration membrane is used, which is used for the water purifier of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of an example of a conventional water purifier.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a water purification cartridge arranged in a conventional water purifier.
- Second filter membrane Fixed band Detergent outlet Water supply port Detergent drain valve Filtration water on / off valve Filtration water outlet Purified water outlet Detergent supply valve Detergent supply port
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2005511339A JPWO2005003038A1 (ja) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-06-30 | 浄水器及びその洗浄方法 |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH07236818A (ja) * | 1994-02-25 | 1995-09-12 | Dick Deguremon Kk | 内圧式中空糸モジュールの逆洗方法 |
JPH08141565A (ja) * | 1994-11-24 | 1996-06-04 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | 浄水装置 |
JPH08141375A (ja) * | 1994-11-22 | 1996-06-04 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | 濾過膜モジュールの洗浄方法 |
JP2000000439A (ja) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-01-07 | Toray Ind Inc | 中空糸膜型ろ過膜モジュール |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH03186A (ja) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-01-07 | Material Eng Tech Lab Inc | 浄水器 |
JPH08252573A (ja) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-10-01 | Teac Corp | 浄水器 |
JPH11319827A (ja) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-11-24 | Daisen Membrane Systems Kk | 逆浸透膜型浄水装置 |
JP2000288539A (ja) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-17 | Heikei Sai | 逆浸透膜浄水器の細菌汚染の防止及び除菌、抗菌システム |
JP5072152B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-05 | 2012-11-14 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 浄水カートリッジおよび浄水器 |
-
2004
- 2004-06-30 JP JP2005511339A patent/JPWO2005003038A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-06-30 CN CNA2007101049674A patent/CN101058446A/zh active Pending
- 2004-06-30 WO PCT/JP2004/009187 patent/WO2005003038A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-06-30 CN CNB2004800194586A patent/CN100347097C/zh active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07236818A (ja) * | 1994-02-25 | 1995-09-12 | Dick Deguremon Kk | 内圧式中空糸モジュールの逆洗方法 |
JPH08141375A (ja) * | 1994-11-22 | 1996-06-04 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | 濾過膜モジュールの洗浄方法 |
JPH08141565A (ja) * | 1994-11-24 | 1996-06-04 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | 浄水装置 |
JP2000000439A (ja) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-01-07 | Toray Ind Inc | 中空糸膜型ろ過膜モジュール |
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CN100347097C (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
JPWO2005003038A1 (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
CN1819973A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
CN101058446A (zh) | 2007-10-24 |
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