WO2004066321A1 - 導電性部材及びその製造方法、並びに電気素子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
導電性部材及びその製造方法、並びに電気素子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004066321A1 WO2004066321A1 PCT/JP2004/000328 JP2004000328W WO2004066321A1 WO 2004066321 A1 WO2004066321 A1 WO 2004066321A1 JP 2004000328 W JP2004000328 W JP 2004000328W WO 2004066321 A1 WO2004066321 A1 WO 2004066321A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- conductor
- fullerenes
- conductive member
- component
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
- H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
- H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits or green body
- H01C17/06573—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits or green body characterised by the permanent binder
- H01C17/06586—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits or green body characterised by the permanent binder composed of organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/028—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of organic substances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive member, a method for manufacturing the same, an electric element having the conductive member, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- An organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor is known as a device or device having a characteristic (PTC characteristic) in which the resistance value increases with a rise in temperature.
- PTC characteristic characteristic in which the resistance value increases with a rise in temperature.
- This organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor is widely used as an element for an overcurrent protection circuit, a self-control type heating element, a sensor element for temperature detection, and the like.
- an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor has a structure in which a conductive polymer formed by dispersing a conductor in a resin and molded is sandwiched between, for example, a pair of flat electrodes.
- a conductive polymer fine particles of carbon black as a conductor are contained in a crystalline polymer as a matrix resin, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,237,441. Examples in which a specific amount is blended can be exemplified.
- the thermistor In a load device or a circuit to which such an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor using a conductive polymer is connected, when the device is operated at an appropriate temperature condition and in a steady state, the thermistor has a steady state. Electric current flows. This is because conduction is ensured by joining a large number of fine particles as a conductor contained in the resin.
- thermosetting resin When a thermosetting resin is used as the polymer, When the resin deformation temperature or the glass transition temperature is reached by the heating, the conductive path formed by the large number of conductive particles is similarly cut.
- the organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor has a sufficiently low room temperature resistance during non-operation, a sufficiently large change between the room temperature resistance and the resistance during operation, and a resistance value due to repetitive operation. Is required to have a small change and high stability. It can be said that a conventional thermistor using a conductive polymer blended with carbon black fine particles satisfies such various required characteristics at a practical level to some extent.
- the thermistor used as an overcurrent protection element particularly has an operating current of the element with respect to a change in the intended use environment temperature in addition to the above characteristics. It is further required to be constant. For this purpose, it is desirable that the resistance value increase with temperature rise is extremely steep, in other words, that an extremely large change in resistance value occurs in an extremely narrow operating temperature range (range). It is hard to say that the above-mentioned conventional thermistor using Ripbon black fine particles still has sufficient performance to satisfy such demands.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has a conductive member which is excellent in operating characteristics which causes a sharp change in resistance value in a narrow operating temperature range, and is provided with the conductive member.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electric element such as a thermistor that can further improve the reliability and a method of manufacturing the electric element.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems. It has been found that the above object can be achieved by using a carbonaceous material, and the present invention has been completed.
- the conductive member according to the present invention is made of a resin containing a conductor, and the conductor is made of at least one of the following components (a) to (c): It mainly contains one component.
- the component (a) represents a residual material obtained by removing at least a part of the fullerenes from the synthetic carbonaceous material containing the fullerenes produced in the process of producing the fullerenes, and the component (b) represents a small amount.
- the synthetic carbon material containing the fullerenes is preferably produced by a predetermined arc discharge method or a predetermined combustion method. More specifically, it is more preferable that the conductor contains oxygen atoms in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by mass and hydrogen atoms in an amount of 0.05 to 1% by mass.
- the "predetermined arc discharge method" in the present invention means that an inert gas such as helium or argon is sealed and has a constant pressure (preferably 0.01 to 100 kPa, more preferably 1 to 40 kPa).
- electrode pairs mainly composed of carbon for example, graphite electrode pairs
- regular intervals preferably 5 to 50 mm, more preferably 10 to 30 mm.
- a method of synthesizing fullerenes by applying a constant direct current or alternating voltage (preferably 10 to 200 V, more preferably 20 to 100 V) to a pair to generate an arc discharge between the electrodes.
- a constant direct current or alternating voltage preferably 10 to 200 V, more preferably 20 to 100 V
- the "predetermined combustion method" in the present invention refers to an organic compound mainly containing a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom in a molecule (eg, toluene, benzene, xylene). , Naphthalene, hexane, etc.) to synthesize fullerenes by incomplete combustion.
- a method specifically, for example, a method described in Nature Vol.
- a method for producing a synthetic carbonaceous material includes, in addition to a predetermined arc discharge method or a predetermined combustion method, a laser abrasion method, a gas phase thermal method, and the like. Various methods such as a decomposition method, a chemical vapor deposition method, and a hydrothermal method can be used. Further, the synthetic carbonaceous material itself as a raw material of the component (a) also includes the “residual material” as the component (a). If the synthetic carbonaceous material contains a “residual material” component in an amount comparable to or greater than the fullerenes to be removed, the material also falls under the conductor of the present invention. .
- fulllerenes refer to those falling under any of the following (1) or (2).
- fullerenes include fully hydrogenated saturated fullerenes (eg, C 6 .H 6 ), that is, fulleranes, heterofullerenes, nonolefullerenes, It includes fulleroids such as homofullerene and secofullerene (FuHeroid).
- the compound of the component (b) is a non-fullerene compound corresponding to fullerene, that is, a compound in which at least one hydrogen atom is replaced with another atom ( (Substituted) or unsubstituted (unsubstituted).
- non-peak-like distribution derived from the amorphous structure in the region of 26 force or less than 30 °” in the component (c) means, for example, that the peak cannot be determined as a peak.
- This distribution is a distribution showing a count or count rate that is significantly larger than the background in the region exceeding 2 power S30 °.
- a peak may exist in a region where 2 2 is 30 ° or less, and in this case, the X-ray diffraction spectrum shows a shape in which a non-peak-like distribution is superimposed on the peak.
- the conductor in the conductive member having such a configuration is completely different from a conductor such as a conventionally used carbon black powder, and has a characteristic of being excellent in solubility or dispersibility in an organic solvent. Have. This allows the conductor to be used in the form of a solution for forming the conductive member.
- the conductive member according to the present invention includes a resin particle made of a resin, and a conductor layer formed on the surface of the resin particle and made of the above-described conductor. It is preferable that a plurality of conductive particles having the following are integrated.
- the conductor layers formed on the surfaces of the individual resin particles are brought into contact with each other and integrated by the accumulation of these particles, so-called three-dimensional mesh-shaped conductive layers.
- the route network is completed and conductivity is developed. Also, when the temperature rises, the area corresponding to each resin particle expands in volume, which causes cracks to develop in the conductive layer, and eventually the contact between the conductive layers is cut off, increasing the resistance value of the entire conductive member. obtain.
- the conductive layer is originally formed on the surface of the resin particles, even if the expansion of the resin due to the temperature rise is slight, the conductive path is easily cut. As a result, it is considered that a sharp change in the resistance value may occur in a narrow temperature range. However, the effect is not limited to these.
- the conductive member is formed by dispersing a conductor in a resin, that is, by mixing the resin (or its monomer) and the conductor in a liquid state as described above.
- the conductor is dispersed in a state in which the conductor is dissolved in a resin.
- a solid conductor mainly containing at least one of the above components (a) to (c) can be dispersed in a resin. It is preferable that both the monomer and the conductor are mixed in a liquid state.
- the method for producing a conductive member according to the present invention is a method for effectively producing the conductive member according to the present invention, comprising: a particle forming step of forming resin particles made of a resin. And contacting the resin particles with a conductor solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing a conductor mainly containing at least one of the above-mentioned components (a) to (c) in a solvent.
- the method is characterized by comprising a deposition step of attaching a conductive solution to at least a part of the surface of the particles, and a removing step of removing a solvent from the conductive solution attached to the resin particles.
- the method for producing a conductive member according to the present invention includes dissolving or dispersing, in a solvent, a conductor mainly containing at least one of the above components (a) to (c). Mixing the conductive solution thus obtained, a monomer solution containing a monomer (monomer) constituting the resin, or a resin solution obtained by dissolving the resin in a solvent, and polymerizing the monomer contained in the monomer solution, And a polymerization step of forming a resin or curing a resin contained in a resin solution.
- the conductor contains 0.5 to 30% by mass of oxygen atoms and 0.05% of hydrogen atoms as a conductor. It is preferable to use one containing about 1% by mass.
- the electric element according to the present invention has the conductive member of the present invention including a resin and a conductor, and is provided between the electrode pair and each electrode constituting the electrode pair.
- a conductive member mainly composed of a resin and mainly containing at least one of the above-mentioned components (a) to (c).
- the conductor preferably contains 0.5 to 30% by mass of oxygen atoms and 0.05 to 1% by mass of hydrogen atoms.
- the method for manufacturing an electric element according to the present invention is a method for effectively manufacturing the electric element according to the present invention, wherein a particle forming step for forming resin particles made of resin; The resin particles are brought into contact with a conductor solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing a conductor mainly containing at least one of the components (a) to (c) in a solvent, and the surface of the resin particles A removing step of removing a solvent from the conductive solution adhered to the resin particles; a step of removing the solvent from the conductive solution attached to the resin particles; And a disposing step of disposing a conductive member between the electrodes constituting the electrode pair.
- the method for manufacturing an electric element according to the present invention comprises dissolving a conductor mainly containing at least one of the above components (a) to (c).
- the method may include a polymerization step of forming a resin or curing a resin contained in a resin solution, and an arrangement step of arranging a conductive member between the electrodes constituting the electrode pair. .
- the conductor contains 0.5 to 30% by mass of oxygen atoms and 0.05 to 1% by mass of hydrogen atoms as a conductor. It is preferable to use
- the method including the removing step of removing the solvent from the conductive solution attached to the resin particles is preferably performed using a thermoplastic conductive member / electric element. It is suitable for a manufacturing method.
- a method including a polymerization step of polymerizing a monomer contained in a monomer solution to form a resin is suitable for both a thermoplastic and a thermosetting conductive member and a method for manufacturing an electric element.
- a method including a polymerization step of curing a resin contained in a liquid is particularly suitable for a method of manufacturing a thermosetting conductive member / electric element.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of an electric element of the present invention including a conductive member according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the conductive member 41. As shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the conductive member 42.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for manufacturing the electric element 1 including the conductive member 41 by the method for manufacturing an electric element of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for manufacturing the electric element 1 including the conductive member 42 by the electric element manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram conceptually showing an example of a circuit system using the electric element 1 as an overcurrent protection device.
- FIG. 7 is a graph conceptually showing a change in the element resistance of the conventional organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor and the electric element 1 with respect to the element temperature.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction spectrum obtained for the measurement sample subjected to the measurement of the X-ray diffraction spectrum / ray.
- FIG. 9 is a TEM photograph of a fullerene residue powder sample.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of an electric element of the present invention including a conductive member according to the present invention.
- the electric element 1 is an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and a conductive member 41 or a conductive member 42 described later in detail between two plate-like electrodes 2 a and 2 b (electrodes) constituting the electrode pair 2. Are arranged in close contact with both plate electrodes 2a and 2b.
- each of the plate electrodes 2a and 2b provided so as to sandwich the conductive members 41 and 42 has conductivity.
- metals such as nickel and copper which are usually used as an electrode plate can be used.
- Mounting leads 6, 6 are joined to the outer surfaces of the plate-like electrodes 2a, 2b by soldering, brazing, or the like. These mounting leads 6, 6 function as lead wires when the electric element 1 is mounted on a load circuit or the like, and the material is not particularly limited as long as the material has conductivity.
- the conductive members 41 and 42 are so-called conductive polymers made of a resin containing a conductor.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the conductive members 41 and 42, respectively.
- the conductive member 41 covers at least part of its surface, preferably most of the surface, and more preferably substantially all of the surface with the conductive layer 14.
- the plurality of resin particles 12 are integrated so as to be in close contact with each other.
- the conductive layers 14 formed on the surfaces of the individual resin particles 12 are chemically or physically bonded so as to be in contact with each other, thereby establishing a three-dimensional network of conductive paths.
- the conductor layer 14 does not necessarily have to form a layered structure, or may not be formed in a film shape. In FIG. 2, such a drawing is illustrated for convenience of explanation. However, for example, a form in which fine particles made of a conductor adhere to the surface of the resin particles 12 may be used.
- the conductive member 42 is a resin 22 in which the conductor 24 is dispersed with high uniformity.
- the conductor 24 exists as a large number of ultrafine particles (not shown) in the resin 22 as a matrix, or in a state in which the conductor 24 is solid-dissolved in the resin 22. It is thought that it exists in.
- the individual conductors 24 are chemically or physically bonded to each other to form a three-dimensional network of conductive paths.
- the conductive members 41 and 42 are made of a resin including a conductor.
- a conductor that is, a conductor and a conductor 24 constituting the conductor layer 14 are at least one of the following components (a), (b), and (c): It mainly contains components.
- the component (a) is obtained from a synthetic carbonaceous material containing fullerenes produced by a predetermined arc discharge method, a predetermined combustion method, or a predetermined laser application method, and At least part of the class is the remaining material removed.
- the component (b) is a compound having a molecular skeleton containing at least one five-membered ring and at least one six-membered ring and having a carbon cluster having an open end.
- the component (c) is a carbonaceous compound having a non-peak-like distribution derived from an amorphous structure in a region having a force of 30 ° or less in an X-ray diffraction spectrum.
- the content ratio of hydrogen (H) atoms in the conductor layer 14 and the conductor 24 is preferably 0.05 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by mass, and preferably 0.2 to 1% by mass. 1% by mass.
- the conductor and the conductor 24 constituting the conductor layer 14 are formed of at least a part of the fullerenes from a synthetic carbonaceous material including the fullerenes. It consists of the remaining material removed, and fullerenes are inevitable, for example, 0.5 ppm to 10 mass. /. More preferably, it may be contained at a concentration of several ppm to about 5% by mass.
- C 6 is included in the synthetic carbonaceous material for obtaining fullerenes. , C 7. And so on.
- the composition ratio (for example, C 60 / C 7 ratio) of various fullerenes in so-called fullerene soot extracted from the synthetic carbonaceous material, and various types of The composition ratio of the fullerenes may be the same or different.
- the field conductor layer 14 and conductor 24 comprises fullerenes case, the C 6 () / C 7.
- the ratio is preferably about 0.1 to 10, more preferably about 0.1 to 5, and still more preferably about 0.1 to 3.
- a residual material obtained from a synthetic carbonaceous material containing fullerenes generated by an arc discharge method using a graphite (carbon black) electrode is used for the conductor.
- a part of the graphite electrode separated by the arc discharge may be mixed into the remaining material.
- a peak due to the graphite (graphite) crystal was observed in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the conductor.
- the interlayer distance (d 002 ) between the graphite used for the electrode for arc discharge and the microcrystalline carbon in the above-mentioned residual material was determined by an X-ray diffraction method. . 2 is significantly larger than that of graphite (eg, less than 0.340 nm). Above) was found.
- the tap density (bulk density) of the remaining material obtained in the above case was much smaller than that of fullerene 'soot.
- the tap density of the remaining material, 0 1 ⁇ :.. L g / cm is about 3, whereas the conventional and activated carbon and the like, or less, 0 it fullerenes' soot 0 3 5 it has been found g is _ cm 3 about.
- a predetermined arc discharge method and a predetermined combustion method are preferable. Further, when mixing of graphite as described above is inconvenient, a predetermined combustion method that does not have such a possibility is more preferable.
- the resin of the resin particles 12 and the resin 22 include a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin generally used as a polymer matrix for an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
- the thermoplastic resin include polyolefin, halogen-based polymer, polystyrene, thermoplastic elastomer, and the like. More specifically, for example, those described in JP-A-2000-82602 Can be preferably used.
- the thermosetting resin include an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a polyimide, a polyurethane, a phenol resin, a silicone resin, and the like. Those described in JP-A No. 0-223303 can be preferably used.
- thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins are appropriately selected depending on the desired performance, application, and the like required for the electric element to which the conductive members 41 and 42 are applied. May be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resin of the resin particles 12 and the resin material for forming the resin 22 include an antioxidant for preventing deterioration of the resin, a good heat conductive additive for improving the heat conductivity, and a heat resistant additive.
- Other components such as inorganic solids such as metal oxides for improving durability and boron carbide for improving withstand voltage may be added in appropriate amounts. 28
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for manufacturing the electric element 1 including the conductive member 41 (see FIG. 2) by the method for manufacturing an electric element of the present invention.
- the treatment is started, and first, resin particles 12 made of the above-described resin are formed (Step S11; particle forming step).
- the method for forming the resin particles 12 is not particularly limited, and the monomer may be polymerized and cured to form a resin, which may then be divided and processed into fine particles, or a small amount of the monomer previously polymerized and cured. Alternatively, fine particles may be obtained.
- step S11 the conductor mainly containing any one of the above-described components (a) to (c) is dissolved or dispersed in an appropriate solvent to form a conductor.
- a body solution is prepared (step S12).
- the solvent used at this time is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of dissolving or dispersing such an electric conductor.
- the conductor solution it is not necessary that all of the conductor is dissolved or dispersed in the solvent, but the conductor layer 14 is formed on most of the surface of the resin particles 12. It is preferable that almost all of them are dissolved or dispersed.
- a predetermined arc discharge method, a predetermined combustion method, or a predetermined A method of removing at least part, preferably most of the fullerenes from the synthetic carbonaceous material containing the fullerenes produced by the laser ablation method can be adopted.
- a rod is formed in a substantially spherical chamber in which a supply system of a helium gas or an argon gas and a high vacuum pump are connected.
- Two graphite electrodes are placed so that one end faces each other inside the chamber, the chamber is sealed, and the inside is depressurized.
- the chamber is filled with helium gas or argon gas.
- a high voltage is applied while rotating the graphite electrode connected to the high-voltage DC power source around the axis, and an arc discharge is generated between the electrodes to generate carbon vapor.
- 'soot' recovery soot; synthetic carbonaceous material
- a recovery soot is added to a container containing the same solvent (such as toluene) used in the preparation of the above-described conductor solution, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. Is extracted with fullerene. Then, the fullerene residue is collected, washed with water or the like, and then dried under reduced pressure to obtain a fullerene residue as a residual material in the present invention.
- the filtrate of the mixed solution mainly contains fullerenes, which are collected separately for condensation and purification of fullerenes.
- fullerenes are sublimated by heating the recovered soot to a temperature of 400 ° C or higher (the sublimation temperature of each fullerene is about 400 ° C).
- the sublimated fullerenes are collected and recovered by a cold 'trap or the like, and the residue is used as a residual material in the present invention.
- the resin particles 12 are added to the prepared conductor solution, mixed and immersed, or the prepared conductor solution is sprayed and applied to the resin particles 12. Then, the resin particles 12 are brought into contact with the conductor solution, thereby causing the conductor solution to adhere to the surfaces of the resin particles 12 (step S13; deposition step). 04 000328
- Step S 1 the solvent contained in the conductive solution adhering to the surface of the resin particles 12 is removed to form the conductor layer 14 on the surface of the resin particles 12 (Step S 1; Process).
- the solvent is removed, for example, at a temperature at which the solvent volatilizes or volatilizes the resin particles 12 to which the conductive solution is attached, and when the resin particles 12 are made of a thermoplastic resin, the melting point or the softening point of the resin particles 12 This can be done by heating to a sufficiently low temperature. The heating is preferably performed under normal pressure or reduced pressure.
- a plurality of resin particles 12 each having the conductor layer 14 are integrated, and further joined and integrated to form a plate-shaped conductive member 41 (step).
- a more specific method there is a method in which such a resin particle 12 is accommodated in a plate mold (mold), pressed and molded, and then released.
- the resin particles 12 having the conductor layer 14 are optionally formed into a sheet shape, a thicker plate shape, or the like according to the thickness of the conductive member 41 to be formed. be able to.
- the shape of the conductive member 41 may be punched out, or the shape of the mold may be the shape of the conductive member 41.
- the molded body can be processed into the shape of the conductive member 41.
- a binder may be appropriately used in order to enhance the bonding property of the resin particles 12.
- the plate-like electrode 2a, the conductive member 41, and the plate-like electrode 2b are laminated in this order, and these are further bonded by pressure bonding or the like. Attach the mounting leads 6, 6 to the outer surface of 2b, and assemble the electric element 1 (step S16; placement step), and end the process. Alternatively, the mounting leads 6, 6 may be attached to the plate electrodes 2a, 2b before the plate electrodes 2a, the conductive member 41, and the plate electrodes 2b are laminated. I do not care.
- step S15 and S16 can be simultaneously performed.
- plate electrodes 2a and 2b are used.
- a method in which the resin particles 12 on which the conductor layer 14 is formed is filled in a pressing die used as a parallel plate, and the resin particles 12 together with the plate electrodes 2a and 2b are pressure-bonded.
- the arranging step also serves as the conductive member forming step.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for manufacturing the electric element 1 including the conductive member 42 (see FIG. 3) by the method for manufacturing an electric element of the present invention.
- the monomer constituting the resin 22 is first dissolved in a solvent, and an additive such as a polymerization initiator is added as necessary to prepare a monomer solution.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent compatibility with the monomer, and is preferably a solvent that can also dissolve or disperse the conductor. When the monomer is liquid at room temperature and doubles as a polymerization solvent, no separate solvent is required.
- a conductor mainly containing any one of the above-described components (a) to (c) is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent to prepare a conductor solution.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve or disperse the conductor, and preferably has excellent compatibility with the monomer.
- the prepared monomer solution and conductor solution are mixed and sufficiently stirred to obtain a mixed solution of both (step S23).
- the mixing process is configured by steps S21 to S23.
- the monomer and the conductor are used.
- all are dissolved or dispersed in + minutes.
- the respective solvents of the monomer solution and the conductor solution are the same. This facilitates the mixing of the two and improves the uniformity of the two in the mixed solution.
- the conductive member 42 made of the resin 22 in which the conductive body 24 is uniformly dispersed is obtained by polymerizing the monomer present in the mixed solution (step S 2). 4; polymerization step). Specifically, for example, a parallel plate mold (mold) consisting of a glass plate and a sealing member is filled with the mixed solution, and then heated and cooled at a predetermined temperature gradient to polymerize the monomer to obtain a resin form. .
- the resin 22 in which the conductors 24 are uniformly dispersed is optionally formed into a sheet shape, a thicker plate shape, or the like. Can be molded. Also, after forming a large-area molded body, the conductive member 42 may be punched into a shape, or the shape of the mold may be the conductive member 42. Alternatively, after forming a lump-shaped molded body, the molded body can be processed into the shape of the conductive member 42.
- step S24 If the solvent in the mixed solution volatilizes during the polymerization reaction of the monomer and dissipates to the outside, no additional operation for removing the solvent is required. When a non-volatile substance is used, it is preferable to remove the solvent before or after step S24 as necessary.
- the plate-like electrode 2a, the conductive member 42, and the plate-like electrode 2b are laminated in this order, and these are further bonded by pressing or the like, and then the plate-like electrode 2a, Attach the mounting leads 6 and 6 to the outer surface of 2b, respectively, and assemble the electric element 1 (step S25; placement step), and finish the process.
- the mounting leads 6, 6 may be mounted on the plate electrodes 2a, 2b in advance. .
- Step S24 and Step S25 can be performed simultaneously.
- the above-mentioned mixed solution is filled in a pressing die using the plate-shaped electrodes 2a and 2b as parallel flat plates, and the monomer is polymerized together with the plate-shaped electrodes 2a and 2b.
- An example of the method is as follows. In this case, the disposing step is a In addition, the release process after polymerization becomes unnecessary.
- step S21 instead of a monomer solution containing a monomer, a resin solution in which resin 22 is dissolved in a solvent (solvent) is prepared.
- step S24 the solvent is removed. For example, it may be cured by removing by heating to vaporize.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram conceptually showing an example of a circuit system using the electric element 1, which is an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor, as an overcurrent protection device.
- the circuit system 30 is such that an electric element 1 as an overcurrent protection device is connected to a power supply section 32 and a load 34 connected thereto in a forward direction with respect to the direction of current.
- the conductive elements included in the conductive members 41 and 42 may be used. Since a conductive path is formed by the body layer 14 and the conductor 24, conduction in the electric element 1 is sufficiently ensured, and the electric element 1 is operated under an appropriate temperature condition and in a steady state. A steady current flows. On the other hand, when the load 34 is operated in an unsteady state such as an overload state, or when an abnormality occurs when an inrush current flows into the circuit system 30, an overcurrent is applied to the electric element 1. Flows.
- the electric element 1 is heated by the overcurrent, and when the resin particles 12 and the resin 22 are formed of a thermoplastic resin, the softening, melting, or melting occurs. The volume expands. Then, along with this, the conductive path composed of the conductive layer 14 and the conductive layer 24 is cut off, and the resistance value sharply increases as the temperature rises, so that the conduction of the circuit system 30 is cut off.
- the conductive path is cut when the resin deformation temperature / glass transition temperature is reached by heating due to overcurrent, As the temperature rises, the resistance value increases rapidly and the conduction of the circuit 30 is cut off.
- the conductive layer 14 of the conductive member 41 is formed on the surface of the resin particles 12.
- the conductive path is easily cut.
- the resistance value of the electric element 1 changes sharply in a narrow temperature range. Therefore, even in the case where a sudden large current flows instantaneously in the circuit system 30, for example, it is possible to instantaneously and surely cut off the conduction in the electric element 1 and thus the circuit system 30. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently prevent the load 34 from failing due to the flow of an overcurrent or the like.
- the resistance value changes abruptly in such a narrow temperature range, the accuracy of the operating temperature and the reproducibility of the operation can be improved, and the variation of the electric element 1 between products can be reduced. Can be reduced. Therefore, the reliability of the overcurrent protection system in the circuit system 30 can be improved.
- the solid element such as carbon black fine particles is used.
- the conductive path is not uniformly cut due to the “uniform” disconnection of the conductive path due to the expansion of the resin 22 due to the temperature rise. Therefore, also in this case, a steep and reliable change in the resistance value of the electric element 1 can be caused in a narrow temperature range.
- FIG. 7 is a graph conceptually showing a change in element resistance ( ⁇ ) with respect to the element temperature (° C.) of the conventional organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor and the electric element 1 according to the present invention. is there.
- a curve L 1 represented by a broken line indicates a temperature-resistance curve in a conventional thermistor
- a curve L 2 represented by a solid line indicates a temperature-resistance curve in the electric element 1.
- the horizontal axis and the vertical axis are represented by relative values.
- the electric element 1 of the present invention has a remarkable increase and decrease in element resistance in a narrower element temperature range than the conventional thermistor shown by the curve 1 and, in other words, from low to high temperatures.
- the rise of the temperature-resistance curve is steep.
- the conductive members 41 and 42 may be adhered to the surface of the resin particles 12 using a conductor solution, or a monomer solution or a resin solution and a conductor may be used. It is possible to prepare a mixed solution prepared by mixing the solution and polymerize and cure the mixed solution. This is a complicated and complicated process of mixing and dispersing carbon black fine particles and the like in a resin as in the past. Processing operations can be omitted. Therefore, the conductive members 41 and 42 having the uniform conductive paths formed by the integration of the conductors can be manufactured using an extremely simple method. Therefore, there is an advantage that the manufacturing process can be simplified, and variation in characteristics between products can be further reduced to improve the yield.
- Two rod-shaped graphite electrodes were placed in a substantially spherical chamber to which a supply system of a helium gas or argon gas and a high vacuum pump were connected so that each one end faced inside the chamber, and the chamber was sealed. And then reduce the pressure inside. After preheating the graphite electrode in this state, the chamber is filled with helium gas or argon gas. Then, a high voltage is applied while rotating the graphite electrode connected to the high-voltage DC power source around the axis, causing an arc discharge between the electrodes. After performing arc discharge for a predetermined time, 'soot' (recovery soot; synthetic carbonaceous material) attached to the inner wall of the chamber is recovered.
- 'soot' recovery soot; synthetic carbonaceous material
- fullerene is extracted by Soxhlet extraction using toluene as a solvent. Then, fullerene residues are collected, washed with water, etc., 04000328
- the filtrate of the mixed solution mainly contains fullerenes, which are collected separately for condensation and purification of fullerenes.
- Tube voltage 40.0 kV
- Fig. 8 is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction spectrum obtained for this measurement sample.
- the peak P S1 to P S3 was identified to be derived from silicon crystal powder was added as an internal standard.
- the peak P g was identified as being derived from graphite (graphite). It is assumed that this graphite originated from the graphite electrode used in (1) above.
- the region R at approximately 20 ° to 28 ° includes broad peaks with non-peak shapes that significantly exceed background levels in the region where 20> 30 °. Do distribution, to be present so as to overlap the peak P g were confirmed.
- Figure 9 is a TEM photograph of the fullerene residue powder sample. From this TEM photograph, it was confirmed that the fullerene residue was substantially an amorphous / amorphous material. Further, it is understood that the peak P g in the X-ray diffraction scan Bae spectrum of FIG. 8 is one which originate from the graphite electrode.
- Oxygen / Nitrogen analyzer (LECO; TC 600), Hydrogen analyzer (Horiba; EMGA621)
- each powder sample was heat-treated at 130 ° C for 1 hour or more.
- each of the conductive members 41, 42 having the conductive members 41, 42 in the same manner as in the [first manufacturing method] and the [second manufacturing method] described above. Electric elements 1 and 1 were formed. The temperature-resistance characteristics of these electric elements 1 and 1 were measured, and it was confirmed that a temperature-resistance curve showing a steep resistance change in a narrow temperature range equivalent to the curve L2 shown in FIG. 7 was obtained. .
- the conductive member and the electric element of the present invention it is possible to realize an operation characteristic in which a sharp change in resistance value occurs in a narrow operation temperature range. Further, according to the method for manufacturing a conductive member and the method for manufacturing an electric element of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a conductive member and an electric element having such excellent temperature-resistance characteristics by an extremely simple processing procedure. It is possible.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/541,733 US7663468B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-01-16 | Conductive member and manufacturing method thereof, and electric device and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-010241 | 2003-01-17 | ||
| JP2003010241A JP4276445B2 (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2003-01-17 | 有機質正特性サーミスタ及びその製造方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004066321A1 true WO2004066321A1 (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
Family
ID=32767243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/000328 Ceased WO2004066321A1 (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-01-16 | 導電性部材及びその製造方法、並びに電気素子及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7663468B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4276445B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100530450C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004066321A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7268661B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-09-11 | Aem, Inc. | Composite fuse element and methods of making same |
| CN102426060B (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-04-10 | 电子科技大学 | 一种太赫兹或红外微测辐射热计及其制作方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10291814A (ja) * | 1997-04-21 | 1998-11-04 | Rikagaku Kenkyusho | フラーレン類の合成方法 |
| JP2000269001A (ja) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-29 | Tokin Corp | 過電流保護用素子 |
| JP2001060501A (ja) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-06 | Fujikura Ltd | 導電性樹脂組成物およびそれを用いたptc型サーミスタ |
| JP2001085203A (ja) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-30 | Tokin Corp | Ptc組成物 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4237441A (en) | 1978-12-01 | 1980-12-02 | Raychem Corporation | Low resistivity PTC compositions |
| JPH07267618A (ja) | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-17 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | 新規な炭素微粒子 |
| JP3506628B2 (ja) | 1998-06-24 | 2004-03-15 | Tdk株式会社 | 有機質正特性サーミスタの製造方法 |
| JP3506629B2 (ja) | 1999-01-28 | 2004-03-15 | Tdk株式会社 | 有機質正特性サーミスタ |
| US6495290B1 (en) * | 1999-07-19 | 2002-12-17 | Sony Corporation | Proton conductor, production method thereof, and electrochemical device using the same |
| KR20020042673A (ko) | 1999-09-09 | 2002-06-05 | 이데이 노부유끼 | 수소 흡장용 탄소질 재료와 그 제조 방법 및, 전지, 연료전지 |
| JP2004192808A (ja) * | 2001-01-18 | 2004-07-08 | Sony Corp | プロトン伝導体及びその製造方法、並びに電気化学デバイス |
-
2003
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010241A patent/JP4276445B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-01-16 CN CNB200480002297XA patent/CN100530450C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-01-16 WO PCT/JP2004/000328 patent/WO2004066321A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-01-16 US US10/541,733 patent/US7663468B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10291814A (ja) * | 1997-04-21 | 1998-11-04 | Rikagaku Kenkyusho | フラーレン類の合成方法 |
| JP2000269001A (ja) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-29 | Tokin Corp | 過電流保護用素子 |
| JP2001060501A (ja) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-06 | Fujikura Ltd | 導電性樹脂組成物およびそれを用いたptc型サーミスタ |
| JP2001085203A (ja) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-30 | Tokin Corp | Ptc組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004265893A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
| US7663468B2 (en) | 2010-02-16 |
| CN1739174A (zh) | 2006-02-22 |
| US20060091992A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
| JP4276445B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
| CN100530450C (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
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