WO2004031079A1 - 殺菌能力判定機能を備えた紫外線殺菌浄化装置 - Google Patents
殺菌能力判定機能を備えた紫外線殺菌浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004031079A1 WO2004031079A1 PCT/JP2003/012297 JP0312297W WO2004031079A1 WO 2004031079 A1 WO2004031079 A1 WO 2004031079A1 JP 0312297 W JP0312297 W JP 0312297W WO 2004031079 A1 WO2004031079 A1 WO 2004031079A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ultraviolet
- sterilizing
- water
- raw water
- water supply
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 371
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- -1 well water Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical class O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
- C02F2201/3223—Single elongated lamp located on the central axis of a turbular reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/326—Lamp control systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/03—Pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus for purifying and sterilizing raw water such as tap water, groundwater, spring water, pond water, or river water.
- a vessel is known (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-126275 and 8-38688).
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem of the prior art, and when there are a plurality of water taps in a building, only one device is required to install a plurality of water taps in the building.
- UV sterilizing and purifying equipment that can purify and sterilize all of the water coming out of the faucet, and that chlorine from well water is not sterilized. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus capable of effectively sterilizing harmful microorganisms contained in raw water when the raw water is pumped and used, and then supplying it to users.
- an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus when such an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus is installed, damage such as cracks may occur in the ultraviolet light emitting portion of the ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus or its protective tube due to the water pressure into which the raw water flows. It is another object of the present invention to provide an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus capable of preventing the occurrence of the ultraviolet ray. Further, in the present invention, when such an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus is installed, the ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus is sufficiently provided due to breakage of an ultraviolet light emitting portion of the ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus or a protection tube thereof, life of a filament, and the like. Provide an ultraviolet disinfection and purification device equipped with a disinfection ability judgment function that can prevent the user from being supplied with water that has not been disinfected sufficiently when the disinfection ability cannot be exhibited. It is also intended to do so.
- the present invention immediately produces water suitable for drinking water from raw water such as groundwater, spring water, pond water, and river water at construction sites, disaster recovery sites, battlefields, climbing paths, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus capable of performing the above.
- the present invention includes a sterilization ability determination function installed in a water supply pipe connecting between a part for introducing raw water such as tap water or groundwater and one or more water supply ports for a user to use the raw water.
- An ultraviolet ray sterilizing and purifying apparatus comprising: a foreign matter removing means for removing foreign matter contained in the raw water; and irradiating the raw water from which foreign matter has been removed by the foreign matter removing means with ultraviolet light, whereby the raw water
- An ultraviolet sterilizing section for sterilizing the raw water and decomposing the clusters of the raw water into smaller clusters
- An ultraviolet ray detecting means for detecting presence or absence of ultraviolet rays to be emitted or an illuminance of the ultraviolet rays, alarm output means for outputting a predetermined alarm, and irradiation of the ultraviolet rays based on an output from the ultraviolet ray detecting means
- Control means for controlling the alarm output means to output a predetermined alarm when it is determined that the illuminance of the ultraviolet ray has not been performed or the illuminance of the ultraviolet ray is lower than a predetermined level capable of exerting a predetermined sterilization ability.
- a stop for stopping the flow of the raw water to the water supply port is provided in place of the alarm output unit and the control unit thereof.
- the present invention provides a sterilizing apparatus installed in a water supply pipe connecting between a portion for introducing raw water such as tap water or groundwater and one or more water supply ports for a user to use the raw water.
- An ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a capability determination function, wherein foreign matter removing means for removing foreign matter contained in the raw water from the introduction part, and ultraviolet light on the raw water from which foreign matter has been removed by the foreign matter removing means. This disinfects the raw water, and dissolves the cluster of the raw water into smaller clusters.
- the water supply port of the raw water may be replaced with the alarm output unit and the control unit based on an output from the crack detection unit. Stop means for stopping the flow to the water supply means, and control means for controlling the stop means based on an output from the crack or the like detection means to stop the flow to the water supply port of raw water. , May be provided.
- the ultraviolet ray detecting means detects the illuminance of visible light emitted from the ultraviolet light emitting unit, and estimates the illuminance of ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light emitting unit based on the detected illuminance of visible light. It is desirable that
- the means for detecting cracks and the like detects a change in air pressure inside an “ultraviolet light emitting unit or a transparent protective tube covering the periphery of the ultraviolet light emitting unit” which is a component constituting the ultraviolet light sterilizing unit. It is desirable that the pressure sensor be
- the internal space of the “ultraviolet light emitting portion or the transparent protective tube covering the periphery of the ultraviolet light emitting portion” is set to be at a negative pressure or a positive pressure, and It is preferable that the pressure sensor that constitutes the above detects a gas flow generated in the space due to the crack.
- a foreign matter removing means for removing foreign matter contained in raw water from the ultraviolet sterilizing section is provided between the ultraviolet sterilizing section and the water supply port.
- FIG. 1 shows an ultraviolet sterilization purification apparatus having a sterilization ability determination function according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating a conversion apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of the ultraviolet sterilizing unit included in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of the internal configuration of the ultraviolet sterilization unit included in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of the ultraviolet sterilizing unit included in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a water supply pipe for water supply (managed by the Water Bureau)
- 2 is a water supply device for drawing water from the water pipe 1 into each building (managed by the Water Bureau)
- 3 is a water supply pipe (waterinlet managed by each user) for supplying water from the water supply device 2 to each water supply port in the kitchen, bath, washroom, etc. in the building.
- Reference numeral 7 denotes one or a plurality of branch portions provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 6 to control the flow of clean water supplied by the water supply pipe 6, for example, a kitchen water supply faucet 8a, a bath A water supply faucet 8b, and a branch portion for branching to a plurality of water supply ports, such as a washroom water supply faucet 8c.
- the bypass water supply pipe 3b does not allow water to flow into the ultraviolet light sterilizing and purifying apparatus when repairing and replacing parts of the ultraviolet light sterilizing and purifying apparatus installed on the ultraviolet water sterilizing and purifying water supply pipe 3a. This is to bypass the flow of clean water.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a housing for accommodating the ultraviolet sterilization and purification apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the housing 10 is interposed in the water supply pipe 3a for sterilizing and purifying ultraviolet light.
- reference numeral 49 denotes a check valve for preventing backflow of clean water from the water supply device 2
- 50 denotes a predetermined range of water pressure of clean water from the water supply device 2.
- Water pressure water pressure within a range where the ultraviolet light emitting part of the UV sterilizing unit 55 described later or the transparent protective tube that protects it does not crack or break due to water pressure, for example, 0.3 MPa
- This is a decompression unit for reducing the pressure to the following (hydrostatic pressure).
- the pressure reducing unit 50 includes, for example, a well-known pressure reducing valve (pressure reducing valve), a variable pressure jih pump, a knocker-tank, and the like.
- Reference numeral 51 denotes a constant flow valve (flowregulating valve) for keeping the flow rate of clean water flowing in the ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus constant.
- Reference numeral 52 denotes a hollow fiber layer (for example, a twisted and bundled fuzzy short fiber yarn or hollow fiber made of polypropylene / polyester) for capturing and removing foreign matter contained in tap water from the pressure reducing unit 50. And an activated carbon layer in which granular activated carbon for adsorbing and removing chlorine or chlorine-based compounds contained in the clean water is accumulated.
- Reference numeral 53 denotes a lead removal filter for adsorbing and removing a lead component contained in tap water from the foreign matter filter 52, for example, a porous body having a substance having a lead removal function attached to its surface.
- a lead-free filter composed of:
- Reference numeral 55 denotes an ultraviolet sterilizing unit for sterilizing harmful microorganisms contained in water from which foreign substances and chlorine components have been removed by the foreign substance filter 52, and 56 denotes an ultraviolet sterilizing unit from the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 55.
- a foreign matter filter (dust removing filter) 57 for further removing foreign matter contained in the clean water is provided with a filter 57 for forming a cluster of the clean water by adding magnetic force to the clean water from the foreign matter filter 56.
- a magnetizing device for example, constituted by a ring-shaped magnet provided on the outer periphery of the water supply pipe 3a) for decomposing into smaller clusters and converting the water to a milder taste water
- a water-hammer arrestor (59) is provided to prevent the water hammer (58) power from flowing into the branch water 7 (raw water in the water supply pipe 3a). For blocking and stopping A.
- reference numeral 61 denotes an ultraviolet light emitting portion in the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 55 or a protective tube for covering and protecting the ultraviolet light emitting portion for detecting damage such as cracking.
- a crack detecting unit, 62 is an ultraviolet illuminance sensor for detecting the illuminance of ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet light emitting unit in the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 55, and 63 is a predetermined illuminant by a predetermined sound, sound or light.
- An alarm generating unit for generating an alarm is provided on the basis of an output from the crack detecting unit 61 and the ultraviolet illuminance sensor 62.
- 03/012297 This is a control unit (comprising a microphone computer or the like) for controlling the raw unit 63 and the stop valve 59.
- the sterilization is performed.
- the control unit 64 controls the alarm generation unit 63 to generate an alarm, and controls the stop valve 59 to sufficiently perform sterilization by the ultraviolet light. The flow is shut off and stopped so that the undepleted clean water does not flow toward the branching section 7.
- reference numeral 73 denotes an ultraviolet lamp (ultraviolet lamp tube)
- reference numeral 74 denotes a protective tube formed to cover the ultraviolet lamp 73 so as to protect the outer periphery thereof.
- This is a protective tube made of transparent quartz glass (transparentguartzg 1 ass) that allows good transmission.
- the ultraviolet light emitting section has a double tube structure including an ultraviolet lamp 73 and a protective tube 74.
- Reference numeral 75 denotes a space between the outer peripheral surface of the ultraviolet lamp 73 and the inner wall surface of the protective tube 74
- reference numeral 6 denotes a cover for accommodating the ultraviolet lamp 73, the protective tube 74, and the like. (Oute ⁇ 'covering).
- a gap 77 between the inner wall surface of the cover 76 and the outer wall surface of the protective tube 74 serves as a flow path for clean water.
- the clean water from which foreign matter has been removed by the foreign matter filter 52 shown in 1 flows into the gap 77 from the inlet side 3 aa of the water supply pipe 3 a in FIG. 2 and exits from the water supply pipe 3 a in FIG. It flows out from the side 3 ab toward the foreign matter filter 56 in FIG. While the tap water passes through the gap 77 between them, the ultraviolet lamp 73 UV light from the water kills harmful microorganisms in the water. Since the gap 77 is formed in a relatively thin ring shape in the cross section in the left-right direction in the figure, ultraviolet rays can efficiently hit the entire clean water passing through the gap 77.
- the water flowing up and moving in the gap 77 is referred to as “existing in the moving water.
- Part of the harmful microorganisms are located in the shade of the foreign matter when viewed from the ultraviolet light emitting part, so that the presence of the foreign matter prevents the ultraviolet light from being applied and survives. " Therefore, all the harmful microorganisms in the water flowing up and moving in the gap 77 can be surely killed by the ultraviolet rays.
- the clean water passing through the gap 77 by irradiating the clean water passing through the gap 77 with ultraviolet rays, not only the harmful microorganisms in the clean water are killed, but also the clean water
- the water clusters are broken down into smaller clusters, giving the mouthfeel a smoother, milder taste.
- reference numeral 61 denotes a pressure sensor for detecting a change in air pressure in a space 75 between the protection tube 74 and the ultraviolet lamp 73.
- the space 75 is filled with a predetermined gas (gas-fi 11 ed), and is set to a negative pressure (or a positive pressure) in advance.
- the main body of the pressure sensor 61 is fixed to the cover 76, and the sensor head 61 a of the pressure sensor 61 is exposed in the space 75.
- the detection result by 61 is output to the control unit 64 (see FIG. 1).
- a protective tube 74 for protecting the ultraviolet lamp 73 is provided outside the ultraviolet lamp # 3.
- the protective tube 74 is not provided.
- the sensor head 61a of the pressure sensor 61 is connected to the socket side (end face side) of the ultraviolet lamp 73. ) From the exposure to the space inside the UV lamp 73, and by measuring the change in the air pressure in the space inside the UV lamp 73, whether the glass tube outside the UV lamp 73 has cracked or broken. Can be detected.
- reference numeral 62 denotes an ultraviolet illuminance sensor installed in the housing 76.
- the ultraviolet illuminance sensor 62 detects the illuminance of ultraviolet light (ultraviolet light inside the cover 76) emitted from the ultraviolet lamp 73 and transmitted through the protective tube 74. If the illuminance of the UV lamp 73 falls below a predetermined level at which sufficient bactericidal performance can be achieved, for example, due to the filament life of the UV lamp 73 approaching or the UV lamp 73 being damaged.
- the illuminance sensor 62 outputs a signal indicating this to the control unit 64 (see FIG. 1).
- the pressure sensor 61 and the ultraviolet illuminance sensor 62 detect damages such as cracks and cracks in the protective tube 74 or the ultraviolet lamp 73 and a decrease in ultraviolet illuminance.
- a signal indicating this is output to the control unit 64.
- the control unit 64 controls the stop valve 59 to prevent the supply of water that has not been sufficiently sterilized to the user side, and controls the water supply in the water supply pipe 3a.
- a predetermined alarm is generated to urge the user to replace the ultraviolet lamp 73 or the protection tube 74.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the whole of the first embodiment described with reference to FIG.
- the same portions as those described in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Note that, in FIG. 3, the magnet device 57, the control unit 64, the alarm generation unit 63, and the like in FIG. 1 are not shown.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the second embodiment is intended for use outdoors for drinking raw water pumped from a river or a pond with a portable or vehicle-mounted pump.
- reference numeral 35 denotes a housing for accommodating the components constituting the second embodiment
- reference numeral 34 denotes a housing protruding from the housing 35 for discharging the raw water as drinking water to the user side
- 81 is a portable or portable (portable and portable type such as an on-board type) water suction pump
- 32 is a water suction port provided at the tip of the water suction pump 81 (case 3).
- 50 is a pressure reducing valve for reducing the pressure of the raw water pumped by the water supply pump 81 to a predetermined water pressure or less
- 82 is a raw water from the pressure reducing valve 50.
- a sedimentation tank (which contains a flocculant that promotes sedimentation) for temporarily storing and depositing relatively large foreign substances therein, and 83 is raw water sedimented in the sedimentation tank 82
- the pressure reducing valve 50 is also used to prevent the sedimentation state from being broken due to the supply of raw water having a high water pressure to the sedimentation tank 82.
- reference numeral 52 denotes foreign matter in the raw water from the heating / cooling device 84, and also chlorine or chlorine-based compounds (such as pesticides remaining in the raw water) in the raw water. This is a foreign matter filter for cleaning.
- the water absorption pump 81, the pressure reducing valve 50, the sedimentation tank 82, the heating / cooling device 84, Built-in UV disinfection unit 55, etc. can be used for well water, spring water, and pond when urgent drinking water is needed in various places such as construction sites, disaster recovery sites, battlefields, mountain trails, etc. It can transform natural water, such as water and river water, into safe drinking water free of chlorinated compounds (such as pesticide residues) and harmful microorganisms. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, drinking water can be immediately manufactured at construction sites, disaster recovery sites, battlefields, mountaineering roads, and other sites. This eliminates the need to transport and store drinking water in order to secure drinking water during wars and mountain climbing.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram for explaining an ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having a sterilizing ability determination function according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- 1 is a water supply pipe for water supply (managed by the Water Bureau)
- 2 is a water supply device for drawing water from the water pipe 1 into each building (managed by the Water Bureau)
- 3 is a water supply pipe for supplying tap water from the water supply device 2 to each water supply faucet in the kitchen, bath, washroom, etc.
- Reference numeral 7 denotes one or a plurality of branch portions provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 6 to control the flow of clean water supplied by the water supply pipe 6, for example, a water supply faucet 8a at a base.
- the water supply pipe for bypass 3b is used to supply water into the ultraviolet sterilization and purification apparatus when repairing or replacing parts of the ultraviolet sterilization and purification apparatus installed in the water supply pipe 3a for installing the ultraviolet sterilization and purification apparatus. This is to bypass the flow of clean water so that water does not flow.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a housing for accommodating the ultraviolet sterilization and purification apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the housing 10 is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 3a for installing the ultraviolet sterilization and purification device.
- reference numeral 11 denotes a variable pressure pump for increasing or decreasing the water pressure of the water supply from the water supply device 2 to a water pressure within a predetermined range (for example, constituting a UV sterilizing unit 15 described later).
- a water pressure within a range such that the transparent protective tube 22 does not rupture due to water pressure for example, a pressure reducing pump for reducing the hydrostatic pressure to 0.3 MPa or less).
- a foreign matter filter dust removing filter that has the function of capturing and removing foreign matter contained in water from Japan. It is made by twisting and bundling, for example, highly fuzzy short fiber yarns (or hollow fibers) made of polypropylene or polyester.
- a foreign matter filter (dust removing filter), 14 is an activated carbon filter formed by concentrating granular activated carbon, for example, for adsorbing and removing chlorine components contained in tap water from the foreign matter filter 12, and 13 is The activity Lead removal filter for adsorbing and removing lead components contained in tap water from charcoal filter 14.
- a lead removal filter made of a porous body with a substance having a lead removal function attached to its surface ,.
- reference numeral 15 denotes an ultraviolet sterilizing unit for sterilizing harmful microorganisms contained in tap water from which chlorine components have been removed by the activated carbon filter 14, and 16 denotes an ultraviolet sterilizing unit 15.
- a foreign matter filter for further removing foreign matter contained in the sterilized clean water, and 20 is a filter for applying a magnetic force to clean water from the foreign filter 16 to remove the clean water.
- a magnetizing device for example, constituted by a ring-shaped magnet provided on the outer periphery of the water supply pipe 3a) for decomposing the cluster into smaller clusters and converting the cluster into a milder flavor of water;
- Reference numeral 17 denotes a check valve for preventing water flowing from the foreign matter filter 16 from flowing back in the direction of the water supply device 2.
- reference numeral 18 denotes an ultraviolet ray detector for detecting the ultraviolet ray radiated by the ultraviolet ray sterilizing unit 15, such as a filter that transmits only the ultraviolet ray and a CCD (charge-coupled device). And an alarm generator for outputting a predetermined alarm sound based on a signal from the ultraviolet detector, and a control device with an alarm generator.
- the control device 18 with an ultraviolet detector and an alarm generator controls a stop valve described later based on a signal from the ultraviolet detector.
- a reference numeral 19 is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 3a, and a stop for blocking and stopping the flow of the raw water so that the raw water in the water supply pipe 3a does not flow toward the branch portion 7. A top valve.
- reference numeral 21 denotes an ultraviolet light emitting portion
- 22 denotes a transparent protective tube formed so as to cover the ultraviolet light emitting portion 21 to protect the ultraviolet light emitting portion 21.
- the protective tube 22 is made of a material having a high ultraviolet transmittance, for example, a quartz glass tube (more desirably, a resin coated with a fluorine resin) or a vinyl resin tube.
- reference numeral 23 denotes a bottomed cylindrical jacket formed so as to cover the protective tube 22.
- This jacket 23 has an inlet 23 a below which the clean water from the activated carbon filter 14 flows in, and the clean water in the jacket 23 above the foreign matter filter 16 in the next stage. Outlet 23b for outflow toward is formed.
- reference numeral 24 denotes an upper end portion of the protection tube 22 projecting from an upper surface of the jacket 23, and an upper end portion of the protection tube 22 is fixed to the jacket 23. It is a fixed cover for.
- the space between the upper part of the protective tube 22 and the jacket 23 is a ring-shaped sealing material 2 inserted into a ring-shaped groove formed in the jacket 23. Sealed by 5 prevents water from flowing out of the jacket 23 to the outside.
- the clean water flowing in from the inflow port 23 a is formed in the upper outflow port 23 b.
- the water flowing from the inflow port 23a and rising and moving through the flow passage 23c has a foreign substance such as dust removed by the foreign substance filter 12 in advance.
- the existing harmful microorganisms are hidden behind the foreign matter, so they survive without being exposed to ultraviolet light due to the presence of the foreign matter.
- '' Ultraviolet light ensures that all harmful microorganisms in the moving water supply are killed.
- by irradiating ultraviolet light to the clean water passing through the flow passage 23c not only the harmful microorganisms in the clean water are killed, but also the clean water Water clusters are broken down into smaller clusters, which are transformed into a smoother, milder taste water.
- reference numeral 18 denotes a waterproof ultraviolet detector installed on the upper surface of the bottom of the jacket 23 (between the lower end of the protective tube 22 and the upper surface of the bottom of the jacket 23). And a control device with an alarm generator.
- the control device 18 with an ultraviolet detector and an alarm generator detects the presence or absence of ultraviolet irradiation from the ultraviolet light emitting section 21 and controls the stop valve 19 when the ultraviolet light is not detected. It stops the flow of raw water in the water supply pipe 3a and generates a predetermined alarm sound.
- the clean water from which the foreign matter has been removed by the foreign matter filter 12 is supplied to the activated carbon filter 14 and the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 15, and the chlorine and chlorine-based substances therein are supplied.
- the tap water from the water supply device 2 is supplied to individual water supply ports such as a kitchen water supply faucet 8a, a bath water supply faucet 8b, and a washroom water supply faucet 8c.
- individual water supply ports such as a kitchen water supply faucet 8a, a bath water supply faucet 8b, and a washroom water supply faucet 8c.
- the conventional kitchen water supply faucet 8a Compared to the method of installing individual water purifiers at the individual water supply faucet stage, such as the water supply faucet 8b for the bath and the water supply faucet 8c for the washroom, the water supply pipes 3a in front of them are combined. Thus, treatments such as chlorine component removal, sterilization, and cluster decomposition can be performed, so that the overall treatment cost can be significantly reduced.
- the raw water from the foreign matter filter 16 is applied with a magnetic force by the magnet device 20 provided on the outer periphery of the water supply pipe 3a to apply the raw water to the raw water. Since the raw water is magnetized, the raw water can be converted into water having a mild taste in which water clusters are broken down into small pieces.
- the control device 18 having the ultraviolet ray detector and the alarm generator for detecting whether the ultraviolet ray is radiated from the ultraviolet ray emitting section 21 is provided. I have. Therefore, according to the third embodiment, if the ultraviolet rays are not irradiated and the water cannot be sterilized due to a breakage of the filament of the ultraviolet light emitting portion 21 or the like, the water cannot be sterilized immediately based on the signal from the ultraviolet detector.
- the stop valve 19 is operated to stop the flow of the raw water in the water supply pipe 3a, and to output a predetermined alarm sound. The user knows that the flow of raw water has been stopped and that the UV light is no longer being emitted from the UV light emitting unit due to an alarm sound, and immediately takes appropriate measures such as replacing the UV light emitting unit 21. Will be able to do it.
- a foreign matter filter 16 is provided at a stage subsequent to the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 15, so that if the activated carbon filter 14 or the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 1 Even if foreign matter is mixed in the clean water at the stage of 5, the foreign matter can be removed and provided to the user.
- variable pressure pump 11 Since the lead filter 13 is provided at the subsequent stage of the product filter 12 and the activated carbon filter 14, it is possible to provide the user with the lead component removed from the clean water. Further, according to the third embodiment, as described above, the check valve 17 is provided at the subsequent stage of the foreign matter filter 16, so that the chlorine component is removed and sterilized, and the water cluster is broken down into small pieces. The backflow of the supplied clean water toward the water supply device 2 is effectively prevented.
- the third embodiment can also be used to purify and sterilize raw water pumped from well water.
- the part of the water supply pipe 3a connected to the water supply device 2 to which the casing 10 is attached may be a part disposed outside the water supply pipe 3a. It may be a part arranged inside or indoors.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the activated carbon filter 14 is disposed downstream of the ultraviolet sterilization unit 15. That is, in Example 4, the clean water flowing through the water supply pipe 3a was subjected to sterilization and cluster decomposition by the ultraviolet sterilizing unit 15 and then chlorine and chlorine-based compounds in the clean water were activated by the activated carbon filter 14. Adsorption and removal of Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment. Therefore, according to the fourth embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as described in the third embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- Example 5 is an outdoor site such as a construction site, a disaster recovery site, a battlefield, or a climbing road.
- raw water such as well water, spring water, pond water, river water, etc.
- UV sterilization that can be sterilized and converted into potable water. It is a purification device.
- reference numeral 31 denotes a portable or portable (portable and transportable) water suction pump
- 32 denotes a water suction port provided at the tip of the water suction pump
- 33 denotes the water suction pump 3.
- the heating / cooling device 33 converts the raw water pumped by the water suction pump 31 into drinking water when the temperature is out of a temperature range suitable for drinking water due to the surrounding natural environment. It is for heating (including warming) or cooling to a suitable temperature range.
- reference numeral 34 denotes a raw water heated or cooled by the heating / cooling device 33, foreign matter is removed by a foreign matter filter 12, and chlorine or chlorine-based material is removed by an activated carbon filter 14. Compounds (such as pesticides remaining in the water) are removed, sterilized by the UV sterilizer cut 15, further foreign matter is removed by the foreign matter filter 16, and water clusters are reduced by the magnet device 20. This is a water tap for releasing the decomposed raw water as drinking water.
- reference numeral 35 denotes the water absorption pump 31, a heating / cooling device 33, a foreign matter filter 12, an activated carbon filter 14, an ultraviolet sterilizing unit 15, a foreign matter filter 16, and a magnet device.
- check valve 17, 'control unit 18 with UV detector and alarm generator 18, stop pulp 19, and portable or portable power supply not shown above-mentioned suction pump 31 1, heating ⁇ Built-in cooling device 33, UV disinfection unit 15 and control device 18 with UV detector and alarm generator, supply of driving power to stop valve 19, etc.
- a housing Also, from the housing 35, The water inlet 32 and the water discharge faucet 34 are provided in a protruding manner.
- the entire casing 35 is configured as a portable type or a portable type (a type that can be moved and transported).
- the water-absorbing pump 31, the heating / cooling device 33, and the activated carbon filter 14 are provided in a portable or portable (movable / transportable) housing.
- a UV disinfection unit 15 are built-in, so if you need urgent drinking water at various locations such as construction sites, disaster recovery sites, battlefields, climbing paths, etc. It is possible to convert natural water, such as natural water and river water, into safe drinking water free of chlorinated compounds (such as residual pesticides) and harmful microorganisms. Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment, drinking water can be immediately manufactured at construction sites, disaster recovery sites, battlefields, mountaineering roads, and other sites. It is no longer necessary to transport and store drinking water in order to secure drinking water during wars, mountain climbing, etc.
- raw water such as tap water or well water is directly sent to the UV sterilization units 55 and 15; however, in the present invention, the raw water is temporarily converted to a large or medium-sized one.
- the raw water from the tank may be accumulated in a tank and sent to the ultraviolet sterilizing units 55 and 15 as needed.
- raw water such as tap water or well water is temporarily accumulated in a tank, and then the raw water in the tank is sent to a water supply port by a pump or the like as needed, and the water is then washed.
- the present invention can also be used for sterilizing and purifying raw water accumulated in such a tank.
- the ultraviolet illuminance sensor (ultraviolet detector) 62, 18 directly detects the illuminance of the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet lamp, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the illuminance of the visible light emitted together with the ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet lamp is measured by an optical sensor.
- the illuminance of the visible light is lower than a predetermined level, the illuminance of the ultraviolet light is also higher than the predetermined level. Guessed to be low.
- a sensor for detecting the illuminance of ultraviolet light is expensive, but a sensor for detecting the illuminance of visible light is inexpensive. Costs can be reduced.
- the ultraviolet lamp 73 is used as the ultraviolet light emitting portion.
- the ultraviolet light emitting portion in the present invention is not limited to this.
- a semiconductor such as a light emitting diode is used as a material.
- An ultraviolet light emitting element may be used.
- the ultraviolet ray sterilizing section detects whether or not the necessary or sufficient ultraviolet ray for sterilizing the raw water is irradiated.
- Provide UV detection means and if the UV disinfection section is not irradiated with the necessary or sufficient UV rays for disinfection of raw water, ⁇ Stop supplying raw water to the user side, and Z or user In this case, it is possible to prevent the supply of raw water that has not been sufficiently sterilized to the user side.
- the user can immediately take appropriate measures, such as replacing or repairing parts such as the ultraviolet light emitting part, by the alarm and the stoppage of raw water supply. Will be able to do it.
- the ultraviolet sterilizing and purifying apparatus having the sterilizing ability judging function it is determined whether or not components such as the ultraviolet light emitting portion and its protective tube included in the ultraviolet sterilizing portion have been damaged such as cracks or cracks.
- foreign matter removing means is provided at a stage subsequent to the ultraviolet sterilizing section, even if foreign matter is mixed in the raw water at the stage of the ultraviolet sterilizing section, the foreign matter is removed.
- Raw water from which water has been removed can be provided to users.
- the raw water sterilized by ultraviolet rays is magnetized by applying magnetic force to the raw water by a magnetizing means, the raw water has a mild taste in which clusters of water are decomposed into small pieces. Can be converted to water.
- a portable or portable (portable / transportable type) water suction pump a heating / cooling device, an activated carbon filter, and an ultraviolet sterilizing section are provided.
- a heating / cooling device a heating / cooling device
- an activated carbon filter a heating / cooling device
- an ultraviolet sterilizing section a UV sterilizing section.
- the construction site, disaster recovery Drinking water can be immediately manufactured at sites such as old sites, battlefields, and mountain climbing roads, so that drinking water is ensured as usual in order to secure drinking water for construction, disaster recovery, war, climbing, etc.
- the need to transport and store water is eliminated.
- raw water pumped outdoors is temporarily put into a sedimentation tank to precipitate relatively large foreign matters, so that even dirty outdoor raw water is efficiently transformed into drinking water. You will be able to.
- a heating device for heating and cooling the raw water pumped outdoors is provided, so that even in winter or summer, raw water pumped outdoors can be used. It is possible to obtain drinking water with a comfortable temperature.
- the present invention provides a method of accumulating raw water such as tap water and well water used in conventional food factories and the like in a large or medium-sized tank, and then pumping the raw water in the tank as necessary.
- water (raw water in tanks) used in food factories can be surely sterilized and purified by adopting the present invention. It is possible to increase safety.
- the present invention accumulates raw water such as tap water and well water used in conventional automobiles, machines, precision parts factories, and the like in a large or medium-sized tank, and stores the raw water in the tank. It can also be applied to a system that uses a pump or the like to supply water to the water supply port as needed and uses it for washing water, coating water, etc. This makes it possible to use water that does not contain chlorine and does not generate algae when dissolving coating materials or washing precision parts.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003266639A AU2003266639A1 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2003-09-25 | Ultraviolet sterilizing/purifying device provided with sterilizing power judging function |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002-285303 | 2002-09-30 | ||
JP2002285303 | 2002-09-30 | ||
JP2002345266 | 2002-11-28 | ||
JP2002-345266 | 2002-11-28 | ||
JP2003056924A JP3940685B2 (ja) | 2002-09-30 | 2003-03-04 | 紫外線・ひび割れ等検出判定機能を備えた紫外線殺菌浄化装置 |
JP2003-056924 | 2003-03-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004031079A1 true WO2004031079A1 (ja) | 2004-04-15 |
Family
ID=32074141
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/012297 WO2004031079A1 (ja) | 2002-09-30 | 2003-09-25 | 殺菌能力判定機能を備えた紫外線殺菌浄化装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3940685B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100684369B1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003266639A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004031079A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022169359A1 (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-08-11 | Priva Holding B.V. | A fluid disinfection reactor and a method |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4697178B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-20 | 2011-06-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 紫外線水処理装置およびその監視制御装置 |
JP2011131138A (ja) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-07-07 | Toshiba Corp | 紫外線照射装置 |
JP5259562B2 (ja) | 2009-12-22 | 2013-08-07 | 株式会社東芝 | 紫外線照射システム |
JP5349516B2 (ja) | 2011-03-17 | 2013-11-20 | 株式会社東芝 | 紫外線照射装置 |
JP5981834B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2016-08-31 | 株式会社日本フォトサイエンス | 紫外線ランプの劣化検出装置及び方法 |
DE102015115713A1 (de) | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-23 | Hytecon Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von Fluiden |
JP7188952B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-26 | 2022-12-13 | 東洋バルヴ株式会社 | 水処理装置と水処理装置用紫外線ランプの劣化検知装置 |
JP6814826B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-22 | 2021-01-20 | 日機装株式会社 | 流体殺菌装置 |
JP7210305B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-31 | 2023-01-23 | 日機装株式会社 | 流体殺菌装置 |
JP7315899B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-25 | 2023-07-27 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | 紫外線照射装置 |
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JPH0352686A (ja) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 紫外線殺菌浄水器 |
JPH10174708A (ja) * | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-30 | Akai Electric Co Ltd | 紫外線ランプ点灯装置及びこの装置を用いた殺菌装置 |
JP2000334467A (ja) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-05 | Araco Corp | 浄水処理方法 |
JP2000354862A (ja) * | 1999-06-16 | 2000-12-26 | Mitsukoshi Tekkusu:Kk | 水処理装置 |
JP2001259613A (ja) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-25 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 災害用設備及び造水装置 |
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2003
- 2003-03-04 JP JP2003056924A patent/JP3940685B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-25 AU AU2003266639A patent/AU2003266639A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-25 KR KR20057005448A patent/KR100684369B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-25 WO PCT/JP2003/012297 patent/WO2004031079A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
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JPS56118780U (ja) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-09-10 | ||
JPH0515391U (ja) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-26 | 株式会社モリテツクス | 照明用光源装置 |
JPH0957253A (ja) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-03-04 | Janome Sewing Mach Co Ltd | 浴槽湯の清浄化装置 |
JPH1157696A (ja) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-03-02 | Bridgestone Corp | 浴水循環装置 |
JPH11244895A (ja) * | 1998-02-27 | 1999-09-14 | Hama Reiki Kogyo Kk | 造水ディスペンサー |
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WO2022169359A1 (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-08-11 | Priva Holding B.V. | A fluid disinfection reactor and a method |
NL2027484B1 (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-09-05 | Priva Holding B V | A fluid disinfection reactor and a method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3940685B2 (ja) | 2007-07-04 |
KR20050063775A (ko) | 2005-06-28 |
AU2003266639A1 (en) | 2004-04-23 |
KR100684369B1 (ko) | 2007-02-22 |
JP2004223502A (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
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