WO2003090621A1 - Electrode destinee a mesurer un signal electrique d'un organisme et procede d'utilisation correspondant - Google Patents

Electrode destinee a mesurer un signal electrique d'un organisme et procede d'utilisation correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003090621A1
WO2003090621A1 PCT/JP2003/005097 JP0305097W WO03090621A1 WO 2003090621 A1 WO2003090621 A1 WO 2003090621A1 JP 0305097 W JP0305097 W JP 0305097W WO 03090621 A1 WO03090621 A1 WO 03090621A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive metal
voltage
electrode
porous filter
measurement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/005097
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuyoshi Sakamoto
Tamaki Motoyama
Original Assignee
Ami-Ca Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ami-Ca Co., Ltd filed Critical Ami-Ca Co., Ltd
Publication of WO2003090621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003090621A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0531—Measuring skin impedance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrode for measuring an electrical signal of a living body, and more particularly, to a structure and a method of using the electrode.
  • the electrodes used in this type of device were those in which a silver thin film was adhered to conductive rubber such as that used for electrocardiogram measurement.
  • the edges of the rubber are turned up due to insufficient viscosity of the rubber, the contact area is not constant, and Since the polarization voltage fluctuated due to the change in chloride ion concentration due to the drying of, high measurement accuracy could not be obtained. Therefore, in recent years, an electrode having the following structure has been proposed in order to solve the above problems.
  • the electrode disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-74502 has a cylindrical conductive metal attached to the tip of a cylindrical body having an insulating surface and an electrolyte solution reservoir formed inside. Furthermore, it has a structure in which a felt that allows the electrolyte solution to seep out of the reservoir by capillary action is fitted inside the conductive metal. According to the electrode having such a structure, the operator can hold a cylindrical body and apply a felt to the top to maintain a constant contact area, and the felt is constantly moistened by the electrolyte solution in the reservoir. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the measurement accuracy from being reduced due to drying during use. Furthermore, according to this electrode, it can be repeatedly used for a long time until the electrolyte solution in the reservoir is exhausted.
  • a cylindrical holder is attached to the tip of an insulative measuring rod body, and the holder is urged by a spring.
  • the contact portion is slidably held.
  • C A concave portion is provided at the tip of the contact portion, and absorbent cotton containing moisture is contained therein.
  • the contact pressure between the contact portion and the top can be kept constant by the biasing force of the spring, and the electrical conductivity between the contact portion and the skin is secured by the moisture of the absorbent cotton. be able to.
  • the skin of the human body has a structure in which the surface of the dermis through which blood flows is covered with the stratum corneum, and the electrical conductivity when electricity flows through the stratum corneum depends on the dryness of the stratum corneum.
  • the degree of drying changes, the higher the degree of drying, the lower the conductivity (the higher the electrical resistance).
  • the degree of dryness of the stratum corneum varies from person to person, and the degree of dryness is not always constant depending on the temperature, humidity or physical condition of the same person. Therefore, the conductivity of the stratum corneum basically varies You can think that there is.
  • the height of the waveform of the response current depends on the dryness of the stratum corneum, that is, the electrical conductivity.
  • the wave height decreases as the stratum corneum dries and the electrical conductivity decreases. Therefore, if the dryness of the stratum corneum at the time of measurement is not constant and the conductivity varies, the waveform of the response current also varies.
  • the electrical characteristic value used for diagnosis can be obtained by measuring a predetermined characteristic portion in the waveform of the response current. If the conductivity of the stratum corneum has a large variation, the desired electrical characteristic value can be obtained from the response current. It is difficult to measure accurately.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides an electrode for measuring an electrical characteristic value capable of measuring an electrical characteristic value with high measurement accuracy without depending on the dryness of the stratum corneum. With the goal.
  • the electrical characteristic value measuring electrode of the present invention has a configuration in which a conductive metal is provided at the tip of a drip, and a porous filter that is wetted by an electrolyte solution while being in contact with the conductive metal is provided. Yes, at the time of measurement, only the conductive metal and the porous filter, or only the porous filter, will be in contact with the skin.
  • a voltage generation circuit is connected to the conductive metal by a cable line, and a measurement start switch for outputting a trigger signal for applying a voltage from the voltage generation circuit to the conductive metal is provided between the voltage generation circuit and the measurement start switch.
  • a delay circuit is provided for generating a delay of at least 3 seconds between the time when the trigger signal is output from the switch and the time when the voltage is applied to the conductive metal from the voltage generation circuit.
  • the operator presses the measurement start switch after touching the contact portion of the electrode to the tip, so that according to the above configuration, the operator is wetted by the electrolyte solution regardless of the operator's consciousness.
  • the voltage is applied after the porous filter is pressed against the skin for at least 3 seconds. According to PC so-called fine 97
  • the electrode for measuring electrical characteristics of the present invention a sufficient amount of water can be supplied to the stratum corneum before the start of the measurement, and the conductivity of the stratum corneum except for the difference in the degree of dryness of the stratum corneum can be taken out. Can be made substantially constant, and electrical characteristic values can be measured with high measurement accuracy.
  • the porous filter is turned on and the measurement start switch is operated. It is also preferable to apply a voltage.
  • electrical conditions such as charging of the electrolyte solution including the vicinity of the conductive metal can be kept constant, and variation in the waveform of the response current at the initial stage of measurement can be suppressed to obtain a stable measurement result. it can.
  • the electrode disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 5-74402 is designed on the assumption that it can be used repeatedly over a long period of time.
  • the felt is made detachable from the conductive metal by adding a mesh-shaped socket stopper corresponding to the shape of the inserted state of the felt to the tip of the cylindrical body.
  • the skin and the electrolyte solution in the reservoir are in a state of conduction through the felt. Even so, it is not completely hygienic.
  • the absorbent cotton at the tip can be disposable, the contact portion that directly contacts the patient's skin is used as it is. become. Therefore, in order to always use this electrode in a sanitary manner, it is necessary to disinfect the electrode with a disinfecting solution each time it is used. Also, in this case, if the disinfecting solution is attached, the polarization voltage between the skin and the contact portion may change, so that a treatment such as completely drying the disinfecting solution is required. In this regard, the same applies to the electrode disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 5-74502, where conductive metal comes into contact with the skin.
  • an electrode for measuring electrical characteristics (second electrode for measuring electrical characteristics) having the following structure may be employed.
  • the second electrode for measuring electrical characteristic values an insulating tubular holder was provided at the tip of a drip for accommodating one end of the cable wire, and one end of the cable wire was connected to the back of the holder.
  • the conductive metal is fixed, and a porous filter moistened with an electrolyte solution is fitted into the opening side of the holder.
  • the filter is detachable from the holder, and is formed such that the front end projects from the holder with the rear end in contact with the conductive metal.
  • the tip of the porous filter becomes the contact part with the skin, the grip is applied to the tip of the porous filter, and the conductive metal is energized via the cable. Measurement can be performed.
  • porous filter can be disposable, and inexpensive materials such as felt and fiber bundles can be used as the porous filter. be able to.
  • the operator can keep the measurement area constant by pressing the tip of the porous filter against the skin. Also, by storing the porous filter in a container containing the electrolyte solution, removing the filter at the time of use, and attaching the filter to a holder, it is possible to prevent a change in the ion concentration of the electrolyte solution and to stabilize the polarization voltage. . Further, since the conductive metal does not directly touch the skin, it is possible to prevent the conductive properties and surface properties of the conductive metal from being changed due to the adhesion of skin oils and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrode for measuring an electrical characteristic value according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a part of the electrode is shown in cross section.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of using the electrical characteristic value measuring electrode of FIG. 1 and its operation and effect.
  • Fig. 3 shows the results of a test on the relationship between the elapsed time from the application of the porous filter to the skin to the start of the measurement and the measurement accuracy.
  • Graph (a) shows the results of the measurement of the initial current when a voltage was applied.
  • the graph (b) shows the result of measuring the initial current change amount (slope of the response current waveform) when voltage is applied.
  • Figure 4 shows the relationship between the degree of dryness (conductivity) of the skin and the waveform of the response current when a voltage is applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an electrode for electric characteristic value measurement (hereinafter, simply referred to as an electrode) as one embodiment of the present invention (a part is shown in a cross-sectional view).
  • an electrode for electric characteristic value measurement
  • a cylindrical holder 3a is formed at the tip of a pen-shaped grip 3, and a conductive metal 2 and a porous filter 1 are fitted into the holder 3a. It has a structure.
  • the grip 3 and the holder 3a are formed of an insulating material, for example, a resin.
  • the conductive metal 2 As the conductive metal 2, a silver disk whose surface is covered with a thin film of silver chloride is used.
  • the conductive metal 2 is fixed to the inner bottom of the holder 3a, and one end of a cable 7 housed in the grip 3 is connected thereto. The other end of the cable 7 is connected to the voltage generating circuit 6.
  • the operation of the voltage generation circuit 6 can be controlled by the operation of a measurement start button (measurement start switch) 4 provided on the side of the drip 3.
  • the measurement start button 4 is connected to the voltage generation circuit 6 via the delay circuit 5 via the signal line 8, and when the measurement start button 4 is pressed, a trigger signal is output from the measurement start button 4 to the delay circuit 5. .
  • the delay circuit 5 gives a delay time of 3 seconds to the trigger signal from the measurement start button 4 and outputs the trigger signal to the voltage generation circuit 6.
  • the voltage generation circuit 6 generates a pulse voltage at a predetermined frequency in response to a trigger signal input from the delay circuit, and applies the generated pulse voltage to the conductive metal 2 via the cable 7.
  • the voltage generation circuit 6 has a built-in timer, and automatically stops voltage generation when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of voltage application.
  • the shape of the porous filter 1 is cylindrical, and it is attached to and detached from the holder 3a.
  • the front end portion is formed to protrude from the holder 3 a with the rear end portion in contact with the conductive metal 2.
  • a filter is used as a material of the porous filter 1, and is attached to the holder 3a in a state of being wetted by the electrolyte solution.
  • the electrolyte solution preferably has an electrolyte component and a concentration close to the body fluid of a living body. In this case, physiological saline is used.
  • the porous filter 1 should be stored in a container containing an electrolyte solution. At the time of use, take out the porous filter 1 from the container, attach it to the holder 3a, and push the porous filter 1 into the holder 3a until the rear end thereof comes into contact with the conductive metal 2.
  • the porous filter 1 By storing the porous filter 1 in the manner described above, there is no variation in the electrolyte concentration (particularly chloride ion concentration) in the porous filter 1, and the conductive metal 2 and the porous metal 1 are used when used.
  • the polarization voltage generated between the filter and the electrolyte solution contained in the filter 1 can be stabilized.
  • the porous filter 1 moistened with the electrolyte solution is mounted on the holder 3a, and the tip of the porous filter 1 is connected to the unrelated electrode paired with the measuring electrode (the related electrode). To make it energizable. Then, the measurement start button 4 is pressed, and a preliminary pulse voltage is applied to the conductive metal 2 from the voltage generation circuit 6 via the cable 7. If the measurement is started without performing such a pretreatment, the electrical conditions such as the charging of the electrolyte solution including the vicinity of the conductive metal 2 become constant, and the distance between the conductive metal 2 and the electrolyte solution becomes constant. A stabilization wait time occurs until the polarization voltage stabilizes.
  • the response current When a pulse voltage is applied to the electrode at a predetermined cycle, the response current has a waveform that gradually attenuates with time with the initial current at the time of voltage application as the peak value, as shown by the solid line in Fig. 2. . However, when such a stabilization wait time occurs, the attenuation of the response current changes as shown by the broken line in FIG. PC leak 97
  • the measurement results may not be used effectively.
  • electric conditions such as charging of the electrolyte solution including the vicinity of the conductive metal 2 can be made constant before the measurement, and the response current can be reduced.
  • Stable measurement results can be obtained by suppressing waveform variations.
  • the porous filter 1 containing the electrolyte solution is applied to the skin for 3 seconds or more to remove the individual differences in the dryness of the stratum corneum and to make the conductivity of the stratum corneum substantially constant.
  • Fig. 3 shows the results of a test on the relationship between the elapsed time from the application of the porous filter 1 to the skin to the start of measurement and the measurement accuracy. The results of measuring the current amount are shown, and the graph (b) in Fig. 3 shows the result of measuring the initial current change amount (slope of the response current waveform) when a voltage is applied. From these figures, it can be confirmed that high measurement accuracy can be obtained by starting the measurement after applying the porous filter 1 to the skin for 3 seconds or more. After the measurement is completed, the used porous filter 1 is removed from the holder 3a and discarded. If a new measurement is to be performed, a new porous filter 1 is removed from the container and mounted on the holder 3a. In the electrode of this embodiment, only the porous filter 1 directly touches the skin at the time of measurement.
  • PC Ranko 97 shows the results of a test on the relationship between the elapsed time from the application of the porous filter 1 to the skin to the start of measurement and the measurement accuracy. The results of
  • the porous filter 1 is disposable, and by using the inexpensive felt as the porous filter 1 as described above, the cost increases due to disposability. Can also be suppressed.
  • a pulse voltage of a predetermined frequency is applied from the voltage generation circuit 6 to the conductive metal 2 for a predetermined time, but a continuous step voltage may be applied for a predetermined time.
  • the delay time of the delay circuit 5 is set to 3 seconds.
  • the delay time may be set to 3 seconds or more.
  • a familiar saline solution is used as the electrolyte solution.
  • stable measurement can be performed even in less than 3 seconds. There is a possibility that accuracy can be obtained.
  • the voltage is generated in the voltage generation circuit 6 three seconds after the trigger signal is output from the measurement start button 4, but the pulse voltage is always generated in the voltage generation circuit 6 at a predetermined frequency. You may let them do so.
  • a power on / off function is provided in the delay circuit 5, and the power is turned on three seconds after the trigger signal is input from the measurement start button 4, and the pulse voltage is applied to the conductive metal 2 from the voltage generation circuit 6. Apply. Then, after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of application of the pulse voltage, the power supply is turned off and PC Ranko 97
  • the grip 3 of the embodiment is a pen type, other shapes may be used as long as the practitioner has a shape that is easy to hold and use.
  • the shape of the holder 3a or the shape of the porous filler 1 attached to the holder 3a there is no limitation on the shape of the holder 3a or the shape of the porous filler 1 attached to the holder 3a, and a shape other than the cylindrical shape or the cylindrical shape as in the embodiment can be adopted.
  • the holder 3a may be subjected to a surface treatment such as an antibacterial coat. Conducting such a surface treatment on the conductive metal 2 changes its conductive properties, but unlike the conductive metal 2, the holder 3a is a part that is not directly related to measurement, so such a surface treatment is also possible. It is. When considering the hygiene aspect of the holder 3a touching the patient's skin, such an antibacterial treatment can be used.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un métal conducteur (2) placé au niveau de l'extrémité avant d'une poignée (3), un filtre poreux (1) mouillé au moyen d'une solution électrolytique et mis en contact avec le métal conducteur (2), le métal conducteur (2) et le filtre poreux (1) ou le filtre poreux (1) uniquement pouvant entrer en contact avec la peau au moment de la mesure. Le métal conducteur (2) est relié à un circuit générateur de tension (6) par le biais d'un câble (7) et, entre le circuit générateur de tension (6) et le commutateur de début de mesure (4), un signal de déclenchement destiné à entraîné l'application d'une tension du circuit générateur de tension (6) sur le métal conducteur (2) est délivré. Un circuit de retard (5) génèrent un retard d'au moins trois secondes après émission d'un signal de déclenchement à partir du commutateur de début de mesure (4) avant qu'une tension ne soit appliquée au métal conducteur (2) du circuit générateur de tension (6). Des valeurs électriques caractéristiques peuvent ainsi être mesurées avec plus de précision sans tenir compte de la sécheresse du stratum corneum.
PCT/JP2003/005097 2002-04-23 2003-04-22 Electrode destinee a mesurer un signal electrique d'un organisme et procede d'utilisation correspondant WO2003090621A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002-121167 2002-04-23
JP2002121167A JP4097453B2 (ja) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 生体の電気信号測定用電極

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003090621A1 true WO2003090621A1 (fr) 2003-11-06

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WO (1) WO2003090621A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008142494A (ja) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-26 Takaaki Kudo 生体の電圧・電流測定方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5554127U (fr) * 1978-09-14 1980-04-12
JPS61154532A (ja) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-14 額田　文昭 生体測定用電極
JPS6439752U (fr) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-09
JPH0574502U (ja) * 1992-03-12 1993-10-12 ミサワホーム株式会社 生体電気測定用電極
JPH1071183A (ja) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-17 Yoshizo Abe 経絡抵抗測定器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5554127U (fr) * 1978-09-14 1980-04-12
JPS61154532A (ja) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-14 額田　文昭 生体測定用電極
JPS6439752U (fr) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-09
JPH0574502U (ja) * 1992-03-12 1993-10-12 ミサワホーム株式会社 生体電気測定用電極
JPH1071183A (ja) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-17 Yoshizo Abe 経絡抵抗測定器

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JP2003310708A (ja) 2003-11-05
JP4097453B2 (ja) 2008-06-11

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